RU2745229C1 - Device for regulating the compression ratio of a piston internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: internal combustion engines.SUBSTANCE: device for regulating the compression ratio of a piston internal combustion engine contains a working cylinder with a working piston and an outlet, a trimmer cylinder with a trimmer piston and an outlet, a receiver, a trimmer piston rod sealing collar, a stem with a support washer, a check valve, a safety valve, and connecting pipelines. For accelerated and reliable pumping of air into the trimmer cylinder, a valve is placed between the receiver and the inlet of the trimmer cylinder, and a stem lock is placed above the trimmer cylinder in the guide sleeve above the support washer. There is a system for regulating the valve and stem retainer by solenoids and a pressure switch.EFFECT: piston internal combustion engine compression regulated more efficiently.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering. Closest to the invention that is claimed is the device described in the description to the application UA 2017 08812 / or PCT / UA 2017 000094.

The device contains a combustion chamber limited by a working piston that moves in the working cylinder and a trimmer cylinder in which the trimmer piston moves.

The prototype and the invention have the following features in common:

- The trimmer cylinder is embedded in the combustion chamber.

- The trimmer piston is located inside the trimmer cylinder.

- Trimmer piston rod.

- The outlet of the working cylinder.

- Trim cylinder inlet.

- Receiver.

- Safety valve.

- Non-return valve.

- Stem support washer.

- Support.

- Sealing cuff.

In the prototype, the initial start-up of the engine is complicated by the fact that the procedure for filling air into the receiver will be like a trimmer and the working piston have gaps in their cylinders.

The trimmer piston moves freely in the trimmer cylinder when there is no pressure above it, and therefore filling with air with the working piston and the check valve will be ineffective.

The task is to get rid of all these shortcomings of the prototype by fixing the piston rod and valve with their control systems.

The device contains a working cylinder - 1, a working piston - 2, a trimming cylinder - 3, a trimming piston - 4, a rod - 5 of a trimmer piston, a sealing collar - 6, a return spring - 7, a support rod - 8, a support washer - 9, a rod lock - 1 Sending sleeve - 11, retainer return spring - 12, retainer retracted solenoid - 13, normally closed pressure switch contacts - 14, 15, normally open pressure switch contacts - 16, 17 valve retractor solenoid - 18, valve return spring - 19, valve - 20, receiver - 21, safety valve - 22, pressure switch - 23, check valve - 24, outlet of the working cylinder - 25, power supply - 26, electrical wire - 27, pipeline - 28 inlet of the trim cylinder - 29 ignition lock - thirty.

Requirements for device operation

- the pressure switch should work like a pressure switch that is installed on compressors, hydrophores with an electric wire and which turn on when the pressure in the system is below the specified one and turn off when the pressure in the system rises above the specified one.

- The safety valve is triggered at pressure when the pressure in the combustion chamber is less than the pressure during detonation.

- The pressure switch must operate at a pressure lower than the response pressure of the safety valve.

- The return pressure of the pressure switch in the normal position must be less than the pressure switch actuation pressure and sufficient for engine operation.

- The volume of the receiver must be sufficient that 6 when the pressure switch is triggered, the pressure in the pneumatic system will be from zero to the pressure switch actuation pressure, and the normally closed contacts will be closed, and the normally open contacts will be open.

The device works in the following order

When the engine crankshaft rotates, the working cylinder - 1 with the working piston - 2 and the check valve - 24 operate in the compressor mode.

The maximum value of the required pressure in the receiver - 21 is set by the safety valve - 22 so that the pressure in the combustion chamber is less than the pressure when detonation starts.

The response pressure of the pressure switch is 23 less than the response pressure of the safety valve - 22.

When the engine is operating at maximum load, gases in very small quantities will constantly come out through the safety valve - 22, due to the fact that the pressure rise above the set value on the safety valve - 22 will not be significant because the trimmer piston - 4 is constantly moving and therefore the pressure is equalized with both sides of the piston - 4.

When the engine is started and the ignition system is turned on, the electric current from the ignition switch - 30 will go to the pressure switch - 23 and since there is no pressure in the pneumatic system, then through the normally closed contacts - 14, 15 it will go to the retractor solenoid - 13 of the latch - 10 and pushes it over trim cylinder - 3 and above the support washer - 9 since the engine rotates with the starter, the air from the combustion chamber through the outlet - 25 and the check valve - 24 enters through the pipeline - 28 into the receiver - 21 in sufficient quantity for the pressure switch to operate - 23 and at In this case, normally open contacts - 16, 17 will close and the electric current through them will go to the retraction solenoid - 18 of the valve - 20, which will open and supply pressure.

Claims (5)

A device for regulating the compression ratio of a piston internal combustion engine, containing a working cylinder with a working piston and an outlet, a trimming cylinder with a trimmer piston and an outlet, a receiver, a trimmer piston rod sealing collar, a stem with a support washer, a check valve, a safety valve, connecting pipelines , characterized in that it consists of the following elements: 1. Valve with a return spring located between the receiver and the inlet of the trimmer cylinder; 2. The electric valve control system, which consists of elements connected by an electric wire in the following sequence: power supply, ignition switch, normally open contacts of the pressure switch, valve retractor solenoid; 3. Retainer of the trimmer piston rod with its own return spring located in the trimmer cylinder above the support washer; 4. Electrical control system of the stem lock, which consists of elements connected by an electric wire in the following sequence: power supply, ignition switch, normally closed contacts of the pressure switch, and the stem lock retractor solenoid.

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