RU2741108C1 - Method of assortment preparation and mechanism design for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry.SUBSTANCE: method of assortment preparation and mechanism for its implementation can be used in timber industry. Method comprising operations of rolls, boughs and bending of whips with simultaneous removal of bark from logs with longitudinal strips along whole length of whip carried out by means of mechanism comprising housing 1, on which rotary grippers 2 are mounted, sawing mechanism, delimiting knives 5 attached to housing 1 by means of axes, and pulling mechanism. Latter is made in the form of rotary rollers 3. Guide blades are installed in lower parts of grips 2 and case 1 of mechanism on spring-loaded axles parallel to sawing plane. Latter have the possibility to envelope tree trunk with formation of closed figure along its perimeter in process of barrel gripping with working element, free longitudinal movement of axes in directions perpendicular to axis of barrel due to force created during pressing of guide blades to barrel, and return to initial position by means of springs at the moment of load removal. Crowns are hung on axes between springs and guide blades with possibility of copying back-and-forth movements of axes. Cutting edges of the cogs are arranged so that the distance between them and the rear parts of the guide blades corresponds to the thickness of the bark of the treated trees.EFFECT: invention will allow ensuring assortment preparation simultaneously with removal of bark with longitudinal strips to accelerate natural drying of wood without reducing efficiency of mechanism.2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the forest industry, in particular to a technology for performing logging operations. In this case, when harvesting assortments, the crust and bast (partially or completely) are subject to removal (sling) in longitudinal strips to accelerate the natural drying of wood. In certain situations, the latter is left to protect the wood material from cracking. Usually, this method is used to clean sawlogs, wood that goes to stands, logs used in a round form without antiseptic impregnations, and raw materials for making chips. The invention can also be used for timber floating. With it, coniferous small-sized assortments of insufficient buoyancy should be subjected to stripping or debarking and dried before being launched into the molar timber rafting.

Known working body of a feller-delimbing-bucking machine for producing assortments, including a housing on which a cutting-bucking mechanism is mounted, delimbing knives attached to the body by means of axes, a pulling mechanism in the form of a non-rotating roller and rotary rollers fixed coaxially with the axis of the drive hydraulic motor rotary rollers, characterized in that a cutting device for cylindrical assortments is mounted in the body of the working body, while each rotary roller and its drive hydraulic motor are fixed on a rotary frame mounted on an axis connecting it to the body of the working body and equipped with a frame rotation mechanism about the named axis , and the non-drive roller of the pulling mechanism and the cutting device for cylindrical assortment are connected to the body by means of hydraulic cylinders. [one]. The technical result, the achievement of which the claimed working body is aimed at, is the ability to process zakomelisty assortments using a feller-delimbing-crosscutting machine in a felling area.

The main disadvantage is that the previously proposed method and working body of the feller-delimbing-crosscutting machine is not intended for debarking assortments and provides for a two-stage processing of timber, which significantly limits the technical capabilities of the working body.

The closest in technical essence is the device [2], containing the working body of the feller-delimbing-bucking machine for the production of debarked assortments, including a body on which the saw mechanism is mounted, delimbing knives attached to the body by means of axes, and a pulling mechanism made in the form of rotary rollers, characterized in that a debarking device in the form of a stator is fixed in the lower part of the housing, inside of which there is a rotor with hinged scaffolds connected through a rocker arm with pressure springs, and the rotor itself is connected by a belt drive to a hydraulic motor, while the stator is mounted on body with the possibility of rotation with the possibility of rotation parallel to the plane of movement of the saw mechanism.

The main disadvantage of the known method and technical solution for its implementation is that such a design does not provide a sufficient impact of the knife on the branches, since the speed of its movement is limited by the low speed of movement of the debarker, which reduces the productivity of the mechanism.

The technical result of the invention is the harvesting of assortments simultaneously with the removal of the bark with longitudinal strips to accelerate the natural drying of wood without reducing the productivity of the mechanism.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed method of harvesting assortments, including the operations of felling, delimbing and bucking the logs, differs in that, simultaneously with the delimbing operation, the bark is removed from the logs in longitudinal strips along the entire length of the log, and the mechanism for harvesting assortments is delimbing and bucking machine, including a body on which rotary grippers are mounted, a saw mechanism, delimbing knives attached to the body by means of axes, and a pulling mechanism made in the form of rotary rollers, differs in that in the lower parts of the grippers and the body of the mechanism on spring-loaded axes parallel to the plane of the cut, guide blades are installed with the ability to grip the tree trunk with the formation of a closed figure along its perimeter in the process of gripping the trunk by the working body, free longitudinal movement of the axes in directions perpendicular to the trunk axis due to the force created in the process of pressing the nap cutting blades to the barrel, and returning to their original position by means of the springs at the moment the load is removed, on the axes between the springs and the guide blades with the possibility of copying the reciprocating movements of the axes, the pick-ups are hung, the cutting edges of which are located so that the distance between them and the rear parts of the guide blades corresponds the thickness of the bark of treated trees.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a top view of a mechanism for harvesting assortments; in fig. 2 shows a view of the mechanism in operation and rough debarking (stripping) of timber; in fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the work of the pick-up mechanism.

The mechanism for harvesting assortments includes a housing 1 on which movable grippers 2 are mounted for gripping a tree trunk, a pulling mechanism made in the form of pulling rollers 3 and a mechanism for measuring the lengths of assortments. In the upper part of the body there is a conventionally fixed delimbing knife 4 and movable delimbing knives 5, and in the lower part, under the protective cover 6, the sawing mechanism 7.

In the lower parts of the grippers and the body of the mechanism on spring-loaded axes 8 parallel to the cutting plane, guide blades 9 are installed with the ability to wrap them around the tree trunk with the formation of a closed figure along its perimeter in the process of gripping the trunk 10 by the working body, free longitudinal movement of the axes in directions perpendicular to the trunk axis due to the force created in the process of pressing the guide blades against the barrel, and returning to its original position by means of the springs 11 at the moment of removing the load. The pick-ups 12 are hung on the axles between the springs and the guide blades with the possibility of copying the reciprocating movements of the 13 axes. The cutting edges of the stubblers are located so that the distance between them and the rear parts of the guide blades corresponds to the thickness of the bark of the trees to be treated;

The work of the proposed working body of the feller-delimbing-bucking machine is carried out by the operator, who directs the mechanism to the growing tree, grabs, saws, and falls down the tree. When the barrel is gripped, the guide blades form a closed shape around the barrel perimeter. The axes of the guide blades move, compressing the springs in directions perpendicular to the axis of the barrel due to the force created in the process of pressing the guide blades against the barrel. The pickers follow the movement of the guide blades and the trunk of the processed tree is inside the contour formed by the pickers. When the trunk is moved by the pulling rollers, the contours formed by delimbing knives and pickers, reciprocating movements of the axes of the guide blades are carried out when they copy the unevenness of the tree trunk. The movement of the trunk is accompanied by the removal of branches from the fallen tree with delimbing knives and the stripping of tree bark strips with scissors. When the required length of the assortment is reached, the sawing mechanism is switched on, which carries out crosscutting. Subsequent assortments are processed in the same way. At the end of the processing of the tree, the grips of the mechanism unclench the trunk, the load disappears, the springs are unclenched and the guide blades and tree pickers are returned to their original position.

Thus, the mechanism of the feller-delimbing-bucking machine carries out gripping, sawing, felling of the tree, delimbing, bucking into assortments and rough debarking of logs (stripping) in longitudinal strips along the entire length of the processed log without additional drive of the debarking mechanism, which allows to increase productivity when receiving roughly debarked assortments.

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LIST

1. Pat. 117259. Working body of feller-delimbing-crosscutting machine for production of assortments. Russian Federation, IPC A01G 23/095, B27L 1/00. Applicant and patentee Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Petrozavodsk State University" / Shegelman I.R., Galaktionov O.N., Demchuk A.V./- # 2012102528/13; declared 01/25/2012; publ. 06/27/2012, Bul. No. 18. - 12 p .: ill.

2. Pat. 2676139. Method of production of debarked assortments and working body for its implementation. Russian Federation, IPC A01G23 / 095, B27L 1/00. Applicant and patentee of the Volga State Technological University. / Tsarev E.M, Anisimov S.E., Rukomoinikov K.P., Konovalova Yu.A., Vedernikov S.V., Zabolotsky V.M., Anisimov N.S., Anisimov I.S./- No 2017145977; declared 12/26/2017; publ. 26.12.2018, Bul. No. 36. - 6 p .: ill.

Claims (2)

1. The working body of the feller-delimbing-bucking machine for harvesting debarked assortments, including a body on which rotary grippers are mounted, delimbing knives attached to the body by means of axes, a saw mechanism, a pulling mechanism made in the form of rotary rollers and a debarking device, including stubblers, characterized in that the debarking device is equipped with guide blades installed in the lower parts of the rotary grips and the mechanism body on spring-loaded axes parallel to the cutting plane, with the ability to grip the tree trunk with the formation of a closed figure along its perimeter in the process of gripping the tree trunk by the working body and free longitudinal movement of the axes in directions perpendicular to the axis of the trunk due to the force created in the process of pressing the guide blades against the tree trunk, and returning to their original position by means of springs at the moment of removing the load, and the pickers are hung on the axles between the springs and guide blades with the ability to copy the reciprocating movements of the axes, and the cutting edges of the pick-ups are located so that the distance between them and the rear parts of the guide blades corresponds to the thickness of the bark of the trees to be treated. 2. A method of harvesting debarked assortments, including the operations of gripping, cutting, felling trees, delimbing and debarking when moving the trunk of a felled tree, and bucking logs, characterized in that when a growing tree is captured by rotary grips of the working body of the feller-delimbing-bucking machine according to p. .1 the guide blades together with the debarkers copying their movement are pressed against the tree trunk with the formation of a closed figure along the perimeter of the tree trunk so that they can copy the unevenness of the tree trunk when it is pulled through the delimbing knives and the debarking device, and the branching of the fallen tree is carried out simultaneously with the removal bark in longitudinal stripes along the entire length of the whips.

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