RU2741156C1 - Ship ball-roll hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: vessels and other watercrafts.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to shipbuilding, particularly, to ship mooring devices. Disclosed is a ship ball-roller hawk, in which wiring and change of direction of mooring rope is carried out due to its contact with rollers in form of hyperboloids, rotating between balls, which roll along deep concave tracks in assembled annular cartridge. Ring casing consists of external welded and internal folding ring, which are fixed to each other with bolts. For tight pressing and reduction of contact pressure concave tracks of annular cartridge and concave end surfaces of rollers are accurately processed in accordance with radius of ball. This provides self-centring, easy rotation, movement of all movable parts along the tracks of the hawse cords and makes it possible to draw mooring ropes with minimum effort, reducing their wear. To increase strength and reliability of the device, rollers can be made of high-strength corrosion-resistant steel, and balls for large vessels can be made of stainless metal with antifriction coating, which does not require lubrication, or from high-strength solid synthetic material for low-tonnage vessels. For complete removal of water from internal spaces and hawse gaps there are drainage grooves and holes for its drain in lower part of hawse, as well as axial holes and radial grooves on all end surfaces of rollers. This will reduce ice formation in internal spaces of the hawse and will ensure its operability at low temperatures.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of operating characteristics of ship hawse.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of ship mooring devices and is intended for the passage of the mooring ropes through the side barriers of the hull and to ensure convenient and safe mooring of various types of ships and floating structures, as well as all kinds of small vessels, boats and yachts.

Numerous traditional designs of ship mooring devices are known using various types of ordinary cast round or oval haws, numerous open and closed bale bars, bale bars with vertical and horizontal rollers, as well as a large range of universal roller haws, starting with 4 roller haws and ending with 12 roller haws. A common disadvantage of traditional designs of mooring hawses is that simple versions of haws and bale bars do not have versatility, do not provide the proper spatial angle of the mooring lines outside the vessel, have increased friction of the mooring ropes in the hawse throat, their rapid wear and do not exclude breakage. Structurally more complex, various options for universal multi-roller haws are expensive, heavy and cumbersome, difficult to manufacture and install, and also laborious to maintain. For example, a 12 roller hawse has 24 bearings and requires periodic lubrication and turning of all rollers. In addition, large universal multi-roller haws protrude as outer rollers beyond the vessel's hull, which leads to their damage in case of unsuccessful mooring or accidental bulkings. The objective of the invention is to create a completely new type of ship's mooring hawse with high technical and operational characteristics. To do this, it is supposed to fulfill the following requirements:

- to provide versatility, compactness and manufacturability of the design;

- to provide the maximum sector of mooring directions outside the vessel;

- provide quick and convenient disassembly or assembly of the hawse during maintenance;

- to provide high strength and reliability of the hawse device;

- comply with existing shipbuilding standards and requirements;

- to provide a wide range of hawse lumen diameters from 50 to 800 mm;

- to provide protection against corrosion of moving parts;

- to ensure the service life of the hawse is not lower than the service life of the vessel.

- to ensure minimum wear of the mooring line from contact with the hawse;

- to reduce ice formation in the moving parts of the hawse;

- provide a range of operating temperatures in accordance with the class of the vessel;

- use the hawse on ships with hulls made of steel, light alloys or fiberglass. The task is solved by the fact that wiring and changing the direction of the mooring rope (det. 10) in the proposed hawse is carried out due to its contact with rollers (det. 1) rotating between balls (det. 2), which roll along concave tracks in a split, a circular cage, consisting of two parts: an outer welded (det. 4) and an inner folding (det. 3), bolted (det. 5). For tight ball gripping and reducing contact pressure, the hawse casings have deep concave tracks and are machined in accordance with the ball radius. The design of the proposed hawse resembles a ball bearing without an inner cage with a cage of rollers in the form of hyperboloids. The end surfaces of the rollers also have a concave surface, exactly made along the radius of the ball, which ensures their self-centering, rotation around the axis and movement with rolling balls along the tracks of the hawse clips. After complete assembly and connection of two parts of the hawse cage, the rollers and balls from falling out of it are completely excluded under any load. High-strength stainless steel can be used as the material of the rollers, and balls for large ships can be made of stainless metal with an anti-friction coating that does not require lubrication, and for small-scale ships from high-strength and hard synthetic material, which is used in ball pulleys of rigging blocks on large ocean sailing yachts. When the vessel is moored at the berth and the mooring line is pressed to the hawse as much as possible, this design provides easy guiding of the mooring line along the rotating rollers with minimal friction and can change the direction of tension by rolling the balls in the cage. For complete removal of water from the internal spaces and gaps of the hawse, drainage grooves and holes for its drain in the lower part of the hawse, as well as radial grooves on all end surfaces of the rollers, are provided on the cage. Drying the moving parts of the hawse will reduce ice formation in its internal spaces and ensure the hawse is operable at low temperatures. Application of the proposed construction of the hawse for ice-class ships will require additional full-scale tests at low temperatures and icing. The proposed design of a universal ship's hawse, with a relatively small size range, ensures that the entire range of ships is equipped with a universal ship device. Depending on the installation option, the proposed mooring hawse can have two types of attachment:

- welded type of fastening;

- mechanical type of fastening.

The basic design of a universal mooring hawse with rotating rollers and rolling balls is clearly shown in Figure 1. Installation of the hawse on the upper deck (det. 9) at the side of the vessel (det. 8) and its fastening by welding on the bulwark (det. 7) between the reinforced buttresses (det. 6) is shown in Figure 2. The presented figures # 1 and # 2 show the general idea of the design and layout of the proposed universal ship ball-roller hawse, its peculiarity and technical novelty. During maintenance of the hawse, for convenient and safe disassembly, it involves the use of removable equipment, which prevents the balls and rollers from falling out when the inner cage is tilted.

The basic design of the universal mooring hawse with mechanical fastening is completely similar in design to the hawse with welded fastening. The main difference is that fastening to the hull structures of a vessel made of light alloy or fiberglass is carried out not by welding, but by means of threaded fasteners and various adapters.

The proposed design of a universal marine ball-roller hawse is distinguished by exceptional originality and ensures the fulfillment of all the above initial requirements, and the analysis of the possibility of its use gives the following obvious technological and operational advantages in comparison with traditional hawse designs:

- maximum compactness and minimum weight of the device;

- reasonable cost for serial production;

- ease of installation and fastening to the hull structures of the vessel;

- no exit of the hawse structures beyond the dimensions of the ship's hull in the places of its installation;

- the maximum sector of the mooring directions outside the vessel close to the hemisphere;

- a wide sector of the directions of the mooring lines to the hawse on the decks of the ship;

- no need to lubricate moving parts;

- complete drainage of sea water from internal spaces and drying of moving parts;

- simplicity and ease of maintenance of the hawse;

- the ability to replace damaged or worn out moving parts;

- the possibility of using a new type of haws during the modernization of ships;

- high export potential of a new type of hawse due to ease of use, wide range of use and the complete absence of foreign analogues. Another important advantage of the proposed design is that it can be used not only in shipping, but also in other areas for pulling cables, hoses, plastic pipes, panels, rescue, mountaineering and sports equipment, as well as various gear on fishing vessels.

Taking into account the uniqueness of the new ship arrangement, it is proposed to give it the name - ship's ball-roller hawse.

It is assumed that after the development of the drawings, the manufacture of prototypes, the necessary tests, the minimization of the standard size range, the final selection of materials, the development of the entire technological chain for the manufacture of parts and assembly of the hawse, a new application will be formulated and filed with a potential Investor for an international patent.

Claims (1)

A ship's ball-roller hawse, which is a ship's device, consisting of a prefabricated annular cage formed by an outer welded ring and an inner hinged, bolted together, balls rolling along deep concave tracks of the cages, and rollers in the form of hyperboloids with concave radius ends rotating between balls and moving along with them along the ring paths, while wiring and changing the direction of the mooring rope in the maximum possible range of angles outside the vessel is carried out due to its contact with rotating rollers and the ability to move in any direction along with the entire garland of balls and rollers, ensuring their easy rotation, self-centering, tight clamping and a decrease in contact pressure due to precise processing along the radius of the ball of the concave end surfaces of the rollers and tracks of annular cages, which makes it possible to pull the mooring ropes in the hawse with minimal effort and reduce their wear, and for higher the strength and reliability of the device itself, the rollers can be made of high-strength corrosion-resistant steel, and the balls for the hawses of large ships can be made of stainless metal with an anti-friction coating that does not require lubrication, or from high-strength solid synthetic material for small-tonnage ships, and to prevent ice formation in the inner spaces of the hawse and the possibility of its operation at low temperatures, complete water removal is provided through the drainage grooves and holes for its drain in the lower part of the hawse, as well as axial holes and radial grooves on all end surfaces of the rollers.

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