RU2740405C1 - Tillage roller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agriculture. Soil roller is made of hollow smooth tube (1), along periphery of smooth surface and along its length in lengthwise direction through equal intervals there are openings (2) of rectangular shape. In holes (2) on inner side of hollow smooth tube (1) in parallel to axis of its rotation there installed are spiral screws (3) resting on hollow cylinder (4) installed coaxially inside hollow smooth tube (1) with rectangular holes (5) made along its entire length in longitudinal direction through equal intervals. Width of holes (2 and 5) in hollow smooth tube (1) and in hollow cylinder (4) is less than diameter of helical screws (3). Pitch of turns of spiral screw (3) is less than or equal to agrotechnical given maximum size of soil lumps. Disks (7) are installed from the ends of hollow smooth tube (1). On outer surface of hollow smooth tube (1) between helical screws (3) protrusions (8) are made, which height is equal to height of part of spiral screws (3) protruding from hollow tube (1). Ends of hollow cylinder (4) are in contact with inner surface of discs (7).

EFFECT: higher quality of soil rolling.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular, to tillage rollers.

Known tillage roller [Tillage roller // RF Patent No. 2508618. - Publ. 03/10/2014 Bul. No. 7], made of a hollow smooth pipe. Along the periphery of the smooth surface of the roller in a checkerboard pattern at equal intervals in the longitudinal and transverse directions, technological holes of a rectangular shape are made. On the diagonal of the holes, flat knives with an obtuse angle of attack are fixed to the inner surface of the roller. The knives are made in the projection plane relative to the planes of the rectangles forming these technological holes and having a cutting edge at their base. In addition, the flat knives are arranged parallel to each other along a helical line, in steps with overlapping in two opposite directions from the middle of the roller to the edges.

However, the known device has disadvantages - poor-quality soil compaction with the formation of soil on its surface, which is due to the sliding of the working surface of the roller relative to the soil. This leads to an increase in the intensity of evaporation of soil moisture and, as a result, to the drying of the sowing soil layer. In addition, the disadvantage of the known device is insufficient quality crushing of large soil lumps, which leads to the impossibility of providing the required soil structure.

The technical result achieved when using the invention is to improve the quality of soil compaction.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the holes are made along the entire length of the hollow smooth pipe. In the holes on the inner side of the hollow smooth pipe parallel to the axis of its rotation, spiral screws are installed, which are carried out resting on a hollow cylinder installed coaxially inside the hollow smooth pipe. Along the entire length of the hollow cylinder in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals, rectangular holes are made. The width of the holes in the hollow smooth pipe and in the hollow cylinder is taken to be smaller than the diameter of the spiral screws. The pitch of the turns of the spiral screw is taken to be less than or equal to the agrotechnically specified maximum size of soil clods. Discs are installed from the ends of the hollow smooth pipe. On the outer surface of the hollow smooth pipe, protrusions are made between the spiral screws, the height of which is taken to be equal to the height of the part of the spiral screws protruding from the hollow smooth pipe. The ends of the hollow cylinder are made in contact with the inner surface of the discs.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of a tillage roller, FIG. 2 - the same, side view, in Fig. 3 - the same, section along A-A.

The tillage roller is made of a hollow smooth pipe 1, along the periphery of the smooth surface of which in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals there are rectangular holes 2. Holes 2 are made along the entire length of the hollow smooth pipe 1. In the holes 2 on the inner side of the hollow smooth pipe 1, spiral screws 3 are installed parallel to the axis of its rotation. The spiral screws 3 rest on a hollow cylinder 4 installed coaxially inside the hollow smooth pipe 1 with length in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals with rectangular holes 5. The width of the holes 2 in the hollow smooth pipe 1 and the holes 5 in the hollow cylinder 4 is less than the diameter of the spiral screws 3. The pitch of the turns of the spiral screw 3 is less than or equal to the agrotechnically specified maximum size of soil lumps. From the ends of the hollow smooth pipe 1 on the axis 6 there are disks 7. On the outer surface of the hollow smooth pipe 1 between the spiral screws 3 there are protrusions 8, the height of which is equal to the height of the part of the spiral screws 3 protruding from the hollow smooth pipe 1. The ends of the hollow cylinder 4 are in contact with the inner the surface of the disks 7. In the center of the disks 7, bearing supports 9 are installed, by means of which the tillage roller is connected to the coupling of the tillage unit.

The tillage roller works as follows. The bearing arrangements 9 of the tillage roller are connected to the hitch of the tillage machine. During the movement of the tillage roller, the soil lumps lying on the surface are destroyed by the spiral screws 3 and the edges of the holes 2. The spiral screws 3 also compact the subsurface soil layer. Lumps of soil caught between the turns of the spiral screws 3 in the inner space of the hollow smooth pipe 1 crumble, hitting both the turns of the spiral screw 3 and the outer surface of the hollow cylinder 4. Protrusions 8 located on the outer surface of the hollow smooth pipe 1 between the spiral screws 3, when rolling the tillage roller, they compact the soil and destroy large soil lumps, pressing them into the upper soil layer. Part of the crushed lumps of soil through rectangular holes 5 enters the inner space of the hollow cylinder 4, where during its rotation it additionally crumbles with spiral screws 3, as well as due to friction on the inner surfaces of the tillage roller and spills out through the holes 5 of the hollow cylinder 4 and holes 2 of the hollow smooth pipe 1 in the form of a finer fraction.

The protrusions located on the outer surface of the hollow smooth pipe 1 between the spiral screws 3, the height of which is equal to the height of the part of the spiral screws 3 protruding from the hollow smooth pipe 1, compact the soil, effectively crushing the lumps with their upper part, and provide a smoother rolling of the tillage roller.

Due to the presence of spiral screws installed in the holes on the inside of the hollow smooth pipe, along its entire length, parallel to the axis of its rotation, and having a spiral turn pitch less than or equal to the agrotechnically specified maximum size of soil clods, a fine crumbly structure of the sowing layer of soil with a fraction size is formed that meets agrotechnical requirements. In combination with spiral screws, the hole edges in the smooth hollow pipe help to crush large soil lumps. Additionally, lumps of soil crumble due to the presence of a hollow cylinder installed coaxially inside a hollow smooth pipe with rectangular holes made along its entire length in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals, the width of which is less than the diameter of the spiral screws. In addition, spiral screws mulch the top layer of soil above the seeds, compact the soil at the depth of their planting, ensuring the required contact of the seeds with the soil, which ensures better uniformity of seedlings. The presence of spiral screws and the edges of the holes in the smooth hollow pipe, located perpendicular to the direction of movement, prevents the cylindrical surface of the smooth hollow pipe from sliding along the soil, which excludes the formation of cracks on its surface and, as a result, reduces the intensity of moisture evaporation from the soil layers in which the root system is formed cultivated plants. The presence of protrusions on the outer surface of the hollow smooth pipe between the spiral screws, the height of which is equal to the height of the part of the spiral screws protruding from the smooth hollow pipe, enables the tillage roller to roll smoothly over the soil surface. In this case, the protrusions compact the soil, qualitatively destroying lumps, mainly with their upper part.

Thus, the above-mentioned distinctive features of the tillage roller contribute to the improvement of the soil consolidation quality.

Claims (1)

Tillage roller made of a hollow smooth pipe, along the periphery of the smooth surface of which, in the longitudinal direction, at regular intervals, rectangular holes are made, characterized in that the holes are made along the entire length of the hollow smooth pipe, in the holes on the inside of the hollow smooth pipe parallel to the axis of its rotation spiral screws are installed, resting on a hollow cylinder installed coaxially inside a hollow smooth pipe with rectangular holes made along its entire length in the longitudinal direction at regular intervals, while the width of the holes in the hollow smooth pipe and in the hollow cylinder is less than the diameter of the spiral screws, the pitch of the spiral turns screw is less than or equal to the agrotechnically specified maximum size of soil lumps, discs are installed from the ends of the hollow smooth pipe, protrusions are made on the outer surface of the hollow smooth pipe between the spiral screws, the height of which is equal to the protruding height parts of the spiral screws from the hollow smooth pipe, and the ends of the hollow cylinder are in contact with the inner surface of the disks.

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