RU2634158C2 - Method for tank unloading - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: tanks are prepared for unloading by installing guide pipes to the walls under the top of the tanks, and by fixing a grid or a tray with the load by slings with swivel rings to cross-beams with rollers, and lifting and moving of the load is carried out by a fixed rope loop behind the sling with the help of the lifting device, and at that the load is removed from the tank through hatch.

EFFECT: simplicity, availability and efficiency of load lifting in confined space.

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Description

The invention relates to the gas and oil industry of the lifting and transport machinery, and in particular to methods of loading and unloading goods inside containers when it is difficult to install large-sized lifting industrial mechanisms, and can also be used to unload sludge from various tanks, if necessary, maintenance of gas and oil refining equipment during the construction of tunnels, during rescue operations, etc.

A known method of lifting cargo and installation for its implementation. The method consists in installing a traveling telpher to movable gantry supports, and to raise the trolley above the ground during movement, each trolley is suspended on cables to the end of a lever trolley rotatably mounted on a movable suspension rail, the other end of which receives the tractive effort of the telpher [a.s. USSR No. 40399, IPC B61B13 / 04, publ. 12/31/1934].

The disadvantages of the known device are: the bulkiness of the lifting mechanisms, electrical fire hazard.

A loader is known, on a movable frame of which a T-shaped lever is pivotally mounted, rotatable in a vertical plane by means of a hydraulic cylinder pivotally mounted on a movable frame, and the fixed frame is equipped with a hoist with a cable and hooks [a.s. USSR No. 667494, IPC B66F9 / 06, publ. 06/15/1979].

The disadvantages of the known device are the bulkiness of the lifting mechanisms, electrical fire hazard.

A device is known for supporting and moving an electric cable of a hoist, containing cables mounted on brackets of a ring for hanging a cable and a carriage for moving it [a.c. USSR No. 348483, IPC B66C13 / 12, publ. 01/01/1972].

The disadvantages of the known device are the bulkiness of the lifting mechanisms, electrical fire hazard.

A device for lifting cargo containing a fixed unit having a wheel with a groove and a horizontally positioned, fixed support, thrown through the groove flexible, endless cargo connection forming a branch running onto the wheel and running off the wheel, with a number of wheels forming a support with the groove and with the possibility of forming on the branch branching off the support a composite counterweight containing sections of this branch that form loops during cyclic, alternate interaction with the support when moving down the counterweight, while maintaining positioning in counterbalance of temporarily fixed loops having the opportunity in the lower part of the counterweight to be freed from the temporary fastening one by one with leaving the counterweight, while being able to maintain a constant number of loops, and the moving connection to act on the drive elements that perform mechanical work (prototype) [RF patent for utility model No. 151029, IPC B66F 19/00, publ. 03/20/2015].

Disadvantages: design complexity and cumbersome lifting mechanisms.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages (providing conditions for efficient and safe for human health and mechanisms of the unloading method, which allow unloading mechanisms (sludge) in a limited space with minimal costs, reduce manual labor, reduce injuries when technological works).

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for cargo extraction containers are prepared for work, installing guide pipes to the walls under the top of the containers, securing the net or pallet with the cargo first with slings with swivel rings to the traverses with rollers, and lifting and moving the cargo is carried out with a fixed cable loop for slings using a lifting device, and at the same time remove the load from the tank through the hatch.

To achieve a technical result according to the invention, for more economical and faster lifting and moving the cargo, preparatory operations of containers for unloading are carried out by installing guides to the walls, having previously suspended rollers with traverses and slings on them for ease of movement using a winch mounted from the end. At the same time, the movement of pallets with cargo is carried out along guides fixed to the walls of the containers.

The implementation of the invention is illustrated using the drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a container with a lifted load (side view).

In FIG. 2 shows a container with a lifted load (rear view).

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a method for extracting cargo from a tank.

The proposed method is as follows.

For the extraction of nets or pallets with a load of 1, they are fastened with slings 3 with swivel rings to traverses on rollers 2, suspended from guides 4 fixed to the walls, which are used as a pipe, its diameter depends on the intended load. Lifting and moving nets or pallets with cargo and their removal from the tank through the hatch with a lid 7 is carried out by a loop 5, which is pulled by a winch 6 located outside the tank.

From the sagging of the more loaded middle of the flexible mesh 8, pulled together by the loop 9, slings 10 are fixed to it from below, and to reduce the uneven loading in the corners - additional slings 11 (Fig. 2). The extraction of nets or pallets with cargo from the tank is carried out according to pre-installed guides 12, which are pipes laid before using the tank at a height of 15-20 cm from the top of the tank (Fig. 2).

Using the proposed method allows with maximum quality and lowest cost, using existing equipment, to unload the cargo if necessary maintenance, significantly reducing environmental damage by evaporation of the liquid.

The technical result from the use of the proposed method is the simplicity, accessibility, effectiveness of the proposed method of lifting goods in a limited space, the use of low-cost equipment and the reduction of environmental damage to the environment (while reducing the evaporation of process fluids during maintenance of mechanisms or containers).

Claims (1)

The method of extracting cargo from the tank, which consists in the fact that to prepare the cargo tanks are prepared for work by installing guide pipes to the walls under the top of the tanks, securing the net or pallet with the load with slings with swivel rings to traverses with rollers, and lifting and moving the cargo fixed cable loop for the slings using a lifting device, and at the same time remove the load from the tank through the hatch.

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