RU2631466C1 - Installation for receiving clean fresh water while forced condensation of moisture from air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: installation consists of an air duct, a ventilation system and a condenser (3), two sealed boxes - the upper (13) and lower (1), in which the evaporator is located. The upper box (13) is covered with glass and has three plastic pipes: two with diameters 100 mm, one of which (4) is connected to a centrifugal air pump (7), and the third one for tap water (11) with a diameter 15 mm. The lower box includes two plastic pipes with a diameter 100 mm (10 and 4) from the upper box (13), and also two tap pipes with a diameter 15 mm: one (11) from the upper box (13), and the other with a diameter 15 mm from the tap line. A condenser (3) is installed inside the lower box (1), in which one tap pipe enters and the other (11) leaves. One pipe is connected to the tap line by a crane (2), and the other (11) is connected to the box (13) and the valve (9). Inside the upper box (13), the pipe (11) has a plurality of small holes (8) for spraying tap water along the bottom of the upper box (13). The condenser (3) is an automotive water radiator with plugs. In operating condition, the upper box (13) is installed with an inclined towards the sun side at a height of approximately 1-2 meters, under it in the groove 0.5 m a lower box (1) is installed, which should be in the shade. As a centrifugal air pump (7), a pump maintaining the pressure in the inflatable attractions can be used. The forced principle of evaporation of moisture under the influence of solar heat and its condensation is used. As a raw material, tap water is used, which has a lower temperature than ambient air.

EFFECT: reception of ecologically pure water with use of energy of the sun and compulsory condensation from an air-drop mixture.

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Description

The invention relates to installations for producing fresh water from air, in particular to installations using renewable energy sources.

A known installation in which the accumulation of cold is carried out for its use at night (Patent RU No. 2131000, publication date 05/27/1999). This installation contains solar electric batteries, a refrigeration unit, a cold accumulator, made in the form of a thermally insulated tank filled with water, connected through a hydraulic pump and valve to a refrigeration unit and a heat exchanger-condenser located in the duct, which also contains a droplet eliminator and a fan. Under the hole in the duct there is a water collector.

The disadvantages of the installation are the large energy costs for the refrigeration unit and the ventilation system, as well as the difficulty of cleaning the surface of the condenser from microscopic dust, which, when collected in the corners of the joints of the fins of the condenser tubes, forms a wet substrate where harmful microflora develop.

The closest analogue is the installation for producing biologically pure fresh water by condensation of moisture from atmospheric air, containing solar panels, a refrigeration system, a water collector, an air duct, a ventilation system and a condenser. Her work uses solar energy. In the duct placed the evaporator of the refrigeration unit and the fan. The installation also contains a system for ozonation of water resulting from the operation of the installation.

Installation works as follows. Due to the electricity received from solar panels, the refrigeration unit produces cold, which is released on the heat exchanger-evaporator. Humid air is blown through a fan through the duct in which the evaporator is located. As a result of contact with the surface of the heat exchanger-evaporator, the air cools, the steam contained in it becomes saturated, partially condenses on the surface of the heat exchanger and flows into the water collector, from where water enters a special tank where water is disinfected by ozonation. Patent RU 2185482, publication date July 25, 2000

The disadvantage of this installation is the high energy consumption and low productivity.

Note that the concentration of water vapor in the atmosphere of those regions of the Earth where such systems for producing fresh water are effective varies from 10 g / l to 25 g / l. In this case, not all moisture is extracted. If we assume that 1 g will be extracted from a cubic meter of air, then to get 1 liter of water you will need to pump 1000 ³ m of air. With a pumping speed of 10 m / s and a condenser area perpendicular to the air flow of 0.252, it will take about 7 minutes. The contact time of air with the cooling surface is quite short, and the efficiency of the moisture condensers is determined by the heat exchange between the refrigerant inside the metal tubes of the condensers and the stream of moist air flowing around it. Improving the heat transfer efficiency is achieved due to the finning of the condenser tubes. However, this significantly increases the fan energy consumption for turbulence of the flow, and microscopic dust settles in addition to moisture on the ribs and places of their connection with the condenser tubes, resulting in the formation of a substrate on which microflora develops and which may contain toxic substances that come with dust.

The latter circumstance requires routine cleaning of the condensing surface of the condenser, which is hampered by the strong development of the silver surface and the presence of many places at the joints of the ribs and tubes where the substrate accumulates. The use of an ozonizer cannot solve the problem of complete purification of the water received in the system from toxic substances (in particular, heavy metals) and microorganisms that may be contained in pieces of micro suspension suspended from the moisture condenser. The application of antibacterial coatings is unacceptable, since water is then used as drinking water.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the installation by reducing energy costs for the refrigeration unit and improving the quality of the fresh water obtained by creating conditions unfavorable for the growth of microflora on the walls of the heat exchanger, without reducing the efficiency of the installation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that an automobile radiator made of stainless steel is introduced as a condenser in a plant for producing biologically pure fresh water by condensation of moisture from atmospheric air, containing solar panels, a water collector, an air duct, a ventilation system and a condenser.

The specified technical result is achieved by means of an installation for producing clean fresh water during forced condensation of moisture from air, consisting of an air duct, a ventilation system and a condenser, the installation comprising two pressurized boxes (upper and lower) in which the evaporator is located; the upper box is closed by glass, has three plastic pipes: two with a diameter of 100 mm, one of which is connected to a centrifugal air pump, and the third for tap water with a diameter of 15 mm; the lower box includes two plastic pipes with a diameter of 100 mm from the upper box, as well as two water pipes with a diameter of 15 mm, one of the upper box and the other with a diameter of 15 mm from the water line; a radiator is installed inside the lower duct, into which one water pipe enters and another exits; one pipe is connected to the water line by a tap, and the other is connected to the duct and valve; inside the upper duct, this pipe has many small holes for spraying tap water along the bottom of the upper duct, while an automobile water radiator with plugs is used as a radiator, in operation, the upper duct is installed with a slope towards the sunny side at a certain height (about 1-2 meter), under it in the recess (about 0.5 m) is the lower box, which should be in the shade. Polypropylene sewer pipes with corner joints are used as plastic pipes (ducts); as a centrifugal air pump, a pump can be used to maintain pressure in inflatable attractions. Moreover, a different principle of operation was used, namely, the forced principle of moisture evaporation under the action of solar heat and its condensation. As the feedstock, tap water is used, which has a lower temperature than ambient air and a car radiator is used as a condenser.

A positive effect is achieved due to the fact that the sealed, vitrified evaporation chamber is heated by solar energy, which increases the evaporation of water, which, together with a car radiator, significantly increases the efficiency of the installation.

In fig. 1 is an installation diagram illustrating the essence of the invention.

The device contains: 1 - a reservoir for clean water; 2 - tap water supply; 3 - capacitor (car radiator); 4 - direct duct; 5 - bottom of the upper box; 6 - glass cover of the upper box; 7 - centrifugal air pump; 8 - pipe with many holes; 9 - tap to supply water to the evaporator; 10 - return duct; 11 - water supply pipe; 12 - tap release clean water; 13 - the upper box.

The proposed installation structurally consists of: 2 boxes, in which there are an evaporator (13) and a condenser (1). The boxes are made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The upper box (13) is closed by glass (6) and has dimensions of 1000 × 1200 × 40 mm. The box has three holes, which include two plastic pipes (4, 10) with a diameter of 100 mm (for pumping air-drop mixture) and one pipe for supplying tap water with a diameter of 15 mm, the box is completely tight. The pipe (7) is connected to a centrifugal air pump. The lower box (1) is completely made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm, has dimensions of 900 × 900 × 40 mm, and is sealed. Two plastic pipes (10, 4) with a diameter of 100 mm from the upper box (13) enter the box, two water pipes with a diameter of 15 mm one (11) from the upper box and the other 15 mm in diameter from the water supply line (2) also enter the box . On the one hand, the lower box (1) has a drain hole with a tap (12). Inside the box (1), a radiator (3) is installed, into which the water pipe (2) enters and another water pipe (11) comes out. The pipe (2) is connected to the water line by a tap. The pipe (11) is connected to the box (6) by a valve (9), then inside the upper box (13) this pipe (8) has many small holes for spraying tap water along the bottom (5) of the upper box (13). An automobile water radiator with plugs is used as a radiator (3). In working condition, the upper box (13) is installed with an inclination towards the sunny side at a certain height (about 1-2 m), under it in the recess (about 0.5 m), the box (1) is installed, which should be in the shade. Polypropylene sewer pipes with corner joints are used as plastic pipes (ducts), this allows you to carefully seal all joints. As a centrifugal air pump 7, you can use the pump to maintain pressure in inflatable attractions.

The installation works as follows: tap water through the faucet 2 and the automobile radiator 3 enters through the faucet 9 into the upper duct 13, which is heated by the sun. The upper box 13 is covered with glass 6 and in sunny weather the water at the bottom 5 of the box 13 is heated to 80 ° C. Further, this moisture-saturated air mixture is sucked off by a pump 7 into the lower duct 1, which is located in the shade or recessed in the ground for thermal insulation. The saturated air mixture passes through a car radiator, inside which cold tap water and moisture condense on the walls of the radiator. Since there is running tap water at a temperature of about 20 ° C inside the radiator, the temperature in the lower box 1 will not increase much. The collected clean water is periodically discharged through a faucet 12. A 200 W centrifugal fan 7 is powered by a solar panel (not shown in Fig. 1). According to theory, at 80 ° C in one cube. m of moist air contains 80 g of water. If 10% of this water will condense, then with a pump capacity of 200 cubic meters. m per hour we get 1600 ml per hour, and during daylight hours, 16 liters of pure water.

Thus, the installation will allow you to get environmentally friendly water using the energy of the sun and forced condensation from an air-drop mixture.

Claims (1)

Installation for producing clean fresh water during forced condensation of moisture from the air, consisting of duct, ventilation system and condenser, characterized in that the installation contains two sealed boxes - the top and bottom, in which the evaporator is located, the top box is closed with glass, has three plastic pipes : two with a diameter of 100 mm, one of which is connected to a centrifugal air pump, and the third for tap water with a diameter of 15 mm, two plastic pipes with a diameter of 100 mm from the upper box enter the lower box, as well as two water pipes with a diameter of 15 mm, one of the upper duct, and the other with a diameter of 15 mm from the water line, a condenser is installed inside the lower duct, which includes one water pipe and the other exits, one pipe is connected to the water line by a tap and the other is connected to box and valve; inside the upper duct, this pipe has many small holes for spraying tap water along the bottom of the upper duct, while a car water radiator with plugs is used as a condenser, in operation, the upper duct is installed with an inclination towards the sunny side at a height of 1-2 meters, under a lower box is installed in a hole of 0.5 m, which should be in the shade, a pump can be used as a centrifugal air pump to maintain pressure in inflatable attractions, and second principle of operation, namely the principle of forced evaporation by solar heat and its condensation feedstock used tap water having a lower temperature than the surrounding air.

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