RU2627594C2 - Underground reactor system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.SUBSTANCE: method for fuel producing from an organic material in an underground reactor (versions) and an underground reactor for use in the above process (versions) is proposed. The underground reactor includes the first conduit for organic material injecting under the ground and converting it into fuel, the second bypass for raising the converted organic material, and a heat exchanger for generating heat to power the equipment where the heat transfer fluid contains piezo-thermal or piezoelectric particles. In another version the underground reactor also comprises a pump for holding the reaction zone at the desired temperature. The method includes sending the organic material under the ground through the first conduit, applying to an organic material in a pressure and temperature reaction zone for converting the organic material into fuel, raising fuel through the second pipeline, and circulating the heat transfer fluid. In another version the method also includes using a heat exchanger to generate heat for use in the equipment powering.EFFECT: obtaining fuel due to underground temperature and pressure.95 cl, 23 dwg, 5 tbl, 13 ex

Description

This document claims the priority of a provisional application for US patent, serial number 61/481918, registered May 3, 2011, and provisional application for US patent, serial number 61/602841, registered February 24, 2012, both of which are included in this document by reference.

BACKGROUND

As the world's population grows, in order to ensure the existence of more people, more balanced ways of generating energy must be used. Many oil wells were drilled around the globe to extract oil from the bowels of the earth, and then abandoned after the wells were depleted.

At the same time, biofuels laid the foundation for a completely separate development path, where the conversion of biomass into alcohol-based fuels is the main area of activity.

Significant research and development on algae and diatoms began in 1978, thanks to the oil embargo of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Until 1978, Jack Myers and Bessel Kock published the book “From Laboratory to Pilot Plant” for algae breeding, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) created projects for their mass breeding on rooftops around 1950. Research intensified when the fuel development bureau US Department of Energy (DOE) funded an original 16-year Aquatic Species (ASP) program at the National Renewable Energy Research Laboratory (NREL) to determine and evaluate industrial profitability seaweed for energy. The 1998 ASP Final Report identifies green algae and diatoms as the most primitive forms of plants, and thus are most effective in cell division and growth, since they do not expend energy on infrastructure such as roots, stems and leaves, as ground plants. ASP findings indicate that, due to the primitive nature of microscopic algae, oil yield per unit area of land was estimated to be 30 times greater than that for land oilseeds. However, the ASP report focused mainly on obtaining biodiesel from algae lipids, rather than synthetic crude oil.

The 1998 ASP Final Report highlights the critical problem of open algal ponds, resulting from the inability to maintain consistently high algal biomass growth rates due to uncontrolled temperature changes due to weather conditions and changing seasons.

In addition, it pointed out the low potential for alternative algae production on an industrial scale without the use of open algal pond projects.

It was also recommended cost analysis in the production of algae due to the difficulty of maintaining highly productive organisms. The rate of algal biomass production is determined by the availability of nutrients, light intensity, temperature and CO ₂ content. Exposure to light, nutrients and temperature is multiplicative.

Calculations were performed indicating the temperatures and pressures necessary for the reaction. With a decrease in the relative permittivity, water acts more like a solvent, which is partially due to the reduced polarity. Using the Arrhenius equation, the dissociation constant of water was calculated for a variable temperature and constant pressure, or a variable pressure and constant temperature.

Thermal cracking is a process in which a significant heat flux affects a rock. Velocity stress causes surface grains to break away from the rock in a process known in the art as cracking, which uses superheated fluid to break up the rock.

The following documents are incorporated into this application by reference:

US patent No. 4003393 (which discloses a degradable pipeline scraper).

US 4,467,861; AU 2011200090 (A1); US 2011/092726; W02009149519 A1; US 3,955,317; US 5958761; FR 2564855; EP 1923460; EP 1382576; US 2005/064577; DE 102006045872; US 2004/033557; US 2007/295505; US 6,468,429; W02011086358; GB 2473865; DE 102006045872; US 2004/0033557; US 2007/0295505; US 4937052; US 4,272,383; US 7,866,385; US 7977282.

Modeling Algae Growth in an Open-Channel Raceway by Scott C. James and Varan Boriah. Advanced Organic Rankine Cycles in Binary Geothermal Power Plants by Uri Kaplan, World Energy Council, 2007.

Hydrothermal Liquifaction to Convert Biomass into Crude Oil by Yuanhui Zhang, ch. 10, Biofuels from Agricultural Wastes and Byproducts, 2010.

Biomass gasification in near- and super-critical water: Status and Prospects by Yukihiko Matsumara et al., Biomass and Bioenergy, 2005.

Organic Rankine Cycle Configurations by Uri Kaplan, Proceedings European Geothermal Congress, 2007.

Utilizing Organic Rankine Cycle Turbine Systems to Efficiently Drive Field Injection Pumps by Nadav Amir, GRC2007 Annual Meeting, 2007.

ASME Steam Tables. Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Steam, The 1967 WCformulation for industrial use. 6th Edition, ASME, 1993.

Benjamin, M. 2002. Water Chemistry, 1st edition. New York: McGraw Hill.

Aqueous Systems at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures: Physical Chemistry in Water, Steam and Hydrothermal Solutions, International Association for Properties of Water and Steam, 2004.

Piezoelectricity: History and New Thrusts, Ultrasonics Symposium, 1996. Adiabatic Processes http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/adiab.html. Georgia State University

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Some embodiments of the invention include an underground hydrogeothermal reactor that converts renewable oil-containing feedstocks into fuel due to temperature and pressure. Embodiments of the reactor may use produced coke and off-gas to generate electricity and heat, and produced carbon dioxide and heated mineral-saturated water to increase biomass growth.

Some embodiments of the invention use algae as biomass. Other embodiments of the invention contain open algal ponds near the reactor, which are used to produce raw materials. Some embodiments of the invention use wastewater to provide temperature control for algal water ponds by using indirect costs of geothermal energy. Other embodiments of the invention provide reactor return flows for providing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carbon dioxide and elevated temperature in open algal ponds. The present invention includes an underground reactor for use in a fuel production process for producing fuel from organic material, comprising: a first pipe that introduces organic material underground; a second pipe that collects the used organic material produced by the underground reactor; a heat exchanger for generating heat for use in equipment used as a source of energy used in the process of obtaining fuel.

Preferably, the present invention further includes an Organic Rankine cycle for converting heat from a heat exchanger into energy to power equipment used in the fuel production process.

Preferably, the equipment used in the fuel production process is directly driven by a device that extracts energy from the heat exchanger.

Preferably, the equipment includes a pump.

Preferably, the pump circulates the heat transfer fluid to maintain the reaction zone at the desired temperature.

The present invention includes an underground reactor for use in the process of obtaining fuel from organic material, comprising a first pipe that introduces the organic material underground; a second pipe that collects the used organic material produced by the underground reactor; and a pump that circulates the liquid coolant in a closed loop to hold the reaction zone at the desired temperature.

Preferably, the present invention further includes a heat exchanger for generating heat for use in equipment that serves as an energy source and is used in the process of producing fuel.

Preferably, the present invention further includes an Organic Rankine cycle for converting heat from a heat exchanger into energy to power equipment used in the fuel production process.

Preferably, the equipment includes a pump.

Preferably, the equipment used in the fuel production process is directly driven by a device that extracts energy from the heat exchanger.

Optionally, the organic material is biomass.

Preferably, the biomass is algae.

Optionally, the organic material is a polymer. Optionally, the organic material is solid waste. Optionally, the organic material reacts by liquefaction. Optionally, the organic material reacts through a thermochemical reaction.

Optionally, organic material reacts through hydrothermal processes.

Preferably, the second pipe is located inside the first pipe. Preferably, the first pipe is closed at the bottom and the second pipe is open at the bottom.

Preferably, the first pipe is located deeper underground than the second pipe.

Preferably, the present invention further includes a casing, which covers the first pipe and the second pipe.

Optionally, the casing extends at least as deep as the first pipe.

Optionally, the casing does not lie as deep as the first pipe. Preferably, the present invention further includes a filter, which is located in a downward direction to the depth of placement of the first pipe. Preferably, the casing is an insulator. Preferably, the insulator is cement.

Preferably, the present invention further includes at least a third pipe through which coolant can be pumped.

Preferably, the heat transfer material is water.

Preferably, the present invention further includes an oil, gas and water separator that separates the effluent from the reactor.

Optionally, the separator is above ground.

Optionally, the separator is underground.

Optionally, some products are retained.

Optionally, part of the products is used as food for biomass growth. Optionally, some products are used to generate electricity. Preferably, electricity is generated by heat exchange. Optionally, at least the first pipe is bent. Optionally, at least the first pipe is inclined. Optionally, at least the first pipe branches.

The present invention includes a method for carrying out a reaction at high pressure and high temperature, comprising sending organic material through a first pipeline underground, where the organic material in the reaction zone is subjected to pressure and temperature sufficient to convert the organic material into fuel, hydrocarbon or chemical products; lifting fuel, hydrocarbon or chemical products up through the second pipeline; and the circulation of the liquid coolant in a closed loop in order to keep the reaction zone at the desired temperature.

Preferably, the present invention further includes the use of a heat exchanger for generating heat for use in supplying energy to the equipment used in the conversion process.

Preferably, the equipment used in the fuel production process is directly driven by a device that extracts energy from the heat exchanger.

Preferably, the present invention further includes the use of a Rankine cycle on an organic coolant to convert heat from a heat exchanger to energy to power equipment used in the conversion process.

Preferably, the equipment includes a pump.

The present invention provides a method for carrying out a reaction at high pressure and high temperature, comprising: sending the organic material through the first pipeline underground, while the organic material in the reaction zone is subjected to pressure and temperature sufficient to convert the organic material into fuel, hydrocarbon or chemical products; raising fuel, hydrocarbon or chemical products through a second pipeline; and using a heat exchanger to generate heat for use in supplying energy to the equipment used in the conversion process.

Preferably, the present invention further includes circulating the heat transfer fluid in a closed loop to maintain the reaction zone at the desired temperature.

Preferably, the present invention further includes the use of a Rankine cycle on an organic coolant to convert heat from a heat exchanger into energy to power equipment used in the conversion process.

Preferably, the equipment includes a pump.

Preferably, the equipment used in the fuel production process is directly driven by a device that extracts energy from the heat exchanger.

Preferably, the pressure can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the placement depth of the tubular reactor.

Preferably, the present invention further includes sending the coolant underground.

Optionally, the present invention further includes controlling the temperature of the coolant by controlling the speed of circulation.

Optionally, the present invention further includes controlling the temperature of the heat transfer material by increasing or decreasing the temperature of the organic material.

Preferably, the present invention further includes hydraulic fracturing of the rock prior to sending the heat transfer material underground.

Optionally, the present invention further includes sending heat transfer material from underground to a heat exchanger.

Optionally, the present invention further includes sending heat transfer material from underground to the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant.

Preferably, the present invention further includes the separation of products into oil, gas and a water-based solution.

Preferably, the present invention further includes the administration of a water-based solution for biomass growth.

Optionally, the present invention further includes burning off-gas products and using energy for heat transfer during drying.

Optionally, the present invention further includes burning off-gas products and using energy to generate electricity.

Optionally, the present invention further includes burning off-gas products and using energy to generate mechanical energy.

Optionally, the present invention further includes burning off-gas products and using energy to generate heat.

Preferably, the present invention further includes sending a portion of the exiting products of the second pipe to feed biomass. Preferably, the biomass is algae.

Preferably, a portion of the effluent includes carbon dioxide. Optionally, some of the products are used as raw materials for the distillation process. Optionally, part of the products is used as raw material for the pyrolysis process. Preferably, the present invention further includes cracking the rock.

The present invention includes the subsequent processing of bio-oil / crude oil provided by ReactWell LLC, for separation prior to shipment into light, distillate and heavy fractions. Oil stabilization should be carried out through the use of an underground geothermal separation unit in terms of density and ion composition, which uses geothermal heat to actuate the separation in density and ion composition by means of a geothermal bridge connection with piezoelectric rods, which generates a voltage drop across the liquid during separation an account of the temperature gradient inside the underground separation column. Thus, the column uses geothermal energy to generate heat and for ion separation processes. The use of only one density separation is not “cost-effective” due to time constraints (modern practice in yellow fat boilers is slower during winter and faster during summer), but ion separation is also used to increase the speed of separation processes, which, typically driven by an applied voltage. Ion separation columns use a voltage differential to separate polar / ion mixtures (this has been studied in biodiesel production). Reversible piezoelectric materials generate a temperature differential when they are driven by an applied voltage (this is a reversible process: it can also be used to generate a voltage differential when the sides of an element are exposed to a Delta T temperature differential):

The use of liquid alkali, alkaline, transitional, other metals, water, salt water and various other compounds as a liquid coolant.

Demineralization installation (DMIN) for the removal of minerals for subsequent sale through cooling or magnetic b-fields (an auxiliary source of income).

The separation of the process fluid in the tubular reactor from the fluid of the geothermal reservoir through the use of a working fluid. The goal is to reduce maintenance by limiting the geothermal fluid to the inside diameter of the pipe, with the goal of cleaning the pipeline internally with a scraper to minimize downtime

The use of an object for cleaning pipes, such as a scraper, expressed in oil and gas slang, which dissolves (due to hydrothermal processes that depolymerize it) in oil and gas when introduced into a tubular reactor and never returns, but cleans the inner and outer diameters of the pipe.

Some useful features of the invention include the following:

Convenient to use scraper design for easy removal of solid sediment on the side of the liquid coolant in contact with formation fluids (geothermal formation)

but. The main difference between the easy-to-use scraper design and the previous design is that the liquid coolant flows within the inner diameter of the pipes. Scrapers work best when they serve the inside rather than the outside diameter of the pipe.

Demineralization unit (DMIN) for the removal of minerals for subsequent sale through cooling or magnetic b-fields (an auxiliary source of income).

The fins on the heat transfer pipe transfer heat to the working fluid contained inside the casing and act as reflectors to destroy the vortices generated from the mixer system (19), which enhances convective heat transfer to the tubular reactor. The ribs can also be placed on a tubular reactor.

A stirrer / blades / screws that mix the working fluid of the casing to obtain convective heat transfer to the tubular reactor;

A gearbox that drives an underground mixer - with the movement from the installation of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant;

Isolation of the fluid of the geothermal formation from the outer diameter of the pipe - solid sediment can be removed from the inner diameter with a minimum downtime, since this configuration does not require disassembly of the pipes (no downtime due to tripping and underground maintenance for weeks, if not months) ;

Convective heat transfer using the rotation speed of the mixer (mixers);

Stabilization of bio-oil: Processing of bio-oil downstream will take place in a feed topping unit for separating light fractions, distillate and heavy oil material 6 with subsequent, downstream, oxygen saturation processing and recovery of nutrients before leaving the production facility for processing or shipment petrochemical product. By introducing a small plant for raw material stripping and nutrient recovery into ReactWell LLC’s infrastructure, the separated light hydrocarbon fractions can be specifically adapted for catalytic cracking with a fluidized catalyst (FCC) and delayed coking units for a given refining or petrochemical complex to optimize the technical characteristics of the final product in accordance with ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials), at the same time Hinnom increase up to a maximum recovery of valuable nutrients to the production facility ReactWell LLC. The main difference between the ReactWell LLC raw material stripping unit is that it divides the use of fossil fuels for the separation of fossil fuels into selected fractions from light fractions, distillate and heavy oil sludge 6. ReactWell LLC carries out oil fractionation using geothermal ion separation technology, which uses the obtained a geothermal heat pipe for actuating density separation with a capillary latent heat flux and a piezoelectric material in order to obtain I voltage under the action of the geothermal temperature gradient and a mechanical stress due to the hydraulic head. Thus, the separation of the liquid phase occurs underground due to temperature, capillary action, gradients of mechanical stress and electrical stress created and maintained due to geothermal heat, the choice of capillary material, the choice of piezoelectric material and gravity.

In some examples, the geothermal heat and the corresponding gradient may not be sufficient to satisfy the conditions in the reactor due to the reduced throughput associated with solid sludge and blockage over the entire life of the underground reactor system. In addition, it may be necessary to use a tubular reactor at higher temperatures. Therefore, preheating the inlet to the tubular reactor and the working liquid coolant by burning (with the return of the outgoing CO ₂ to the algal pond), an electric heater, or concentrated solar energy (CSP) can be an effective solution in delaying re-fracturing and stimulating the formation. Advantages of embodiments of the present invention include: Using a cleaning / scraper device to remove solid sediment / contamination;

The use of a working liquid coolant to isolate the geothermal formation fluid from pollution of the tubular reactor;

Using an underground mixer (s) for forced convective heat transfer;

Using underground piezoelectric / thermal particles to convert voltage to heat;

The use of an underground catalyst; and

Using underground steam compression to generate latent heat.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following drawings form part of the present description of the invention and are included in order to further demonstrate some aspects of the present invention. The invention may become more apparent by reference to one or more of these drawings in combination with the description of specific embodiments of the invention presented in this application.

Figure 1. Illustrative geothermal tubular reactor depolymerization.

Figure 2. Illustrative system of an underground reactor.

Figure 3. Illustrative fluid flow of an underground reactor.

Figure 4. Illustrative process diagram of a hydro-geothermal reactor.

Figure 5. Illustrative process diagram of a hydro-geothermal reactor.

Figure 6. Illustrative geothermal tubular reactor.

Figure 7. Illustrative geothermal tubular reactor.

Figure 8. Illustrative geothermal tubular reactor.

Figure 9. Illustrative geothermal tubular reactor.

Figure 10. Illustrative geothermal tubular reactor.

Figure 11. Illustrative geothermal tubular reactor, where there is no circulation pipe, inputs and outputs are separated, and there is no casing.

Figure 12. Operating heat transfer temperature curve inside the casing.

Figure 13. The operating profile of the heat transfer temperature inside the casing subjected to forced convection.

Figure 14. The profile of the tubular reactor.

Figure 15. The profile of the tubular reactor subjected to forced convection.

Figure 16. Illustration of a hot geothermal formation fluid isolated from a hot working fluid and from a reactor process fluid.

Figure 17. A tubular reactor with injection of geothermal formation fluid into the casing.

Figure 18. Tubular reactor with external injection of geothermal formation fluid.

Figure 19. Tubular reactor with isolated geothermal formation fluid.

Figure 20. Tubular reactor with isolated geothermal formation fluid and forced convection.

Figure 21. Tubular reactor using piezothermal / electrical particles and a catalyst.

Figure 22. A tubular reactor using gas injection isolated from the geothermal formation fluid.

Figure 23. Model of computational fluid dynamics of casing, tubular reactors and hot geothermal transfer pipes.

The calculations. The sheets included after the figures in US Provisional Application Serial Number 61/602841 are calculations illustrating the feasibility of embodiments of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

SPECIALIZED GEOTHERMAL TUBULAR REACTOR (HYDROLYSIS, DEPOLIMERIZATION, DECARBOXYLATION AND THERMAL DESTRUCTION)

Underground temperatures and pressures exist in order to create and maintain hydro-geothermal reactions and thermal depolymerization, taking into account the available geothermal energy inside the earth. Bed temperature as a function of depth will be used as the driving force of the reference temperature. The tubular reactor depolymerization section will be modeled with a casing filled with water, which is not subjected to forced circulation.

Hydro-geothermal reactor

Water loaded with algae from a surface water conduit, an open pond, or a settling tank system is pumped into the bottom of a well into a closed-loop hydro-geothermal reactor. When the pressure and temperature of the algae in the underground water exceeds atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature, the algae and other organic material undergo hydrolysis and partial thermal degradation to form carbon, CO ₂ , exhaust gas, hydrocarbon, and hot mineral-rich water containing amino acids. The tubular reactor is preferably located inside the casing, but can extend outward from the casing to the open end region. The casing pipe contains hot water that is static or circulates through the circulation system due to natural hydraulic pressure or subjected to geological pressure from the rock, while balancing with the force exerted from the surface. An illustrative embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 1.

In one embodiment, the tubular reactor may be bent as the pipe penetrates deeper to allow biomass to reach hotter geothermal rock over an increased surface area.

The geothermal source may or may not be under geological pressure.

In some embodiments, the depth of the underground reactor may range from 33 feet to 40502 feet (10 m to 12345 m). In some embodiments, the outer tube of the tubular reactor may have a diameter of 1 inch to 100 feet (25 mm to 30 m), the inner tube of the tubular reactor may have a diameter of 1 inch to 100 feet (25 mm to 30 m), and The casing may have a diameter of 1 inch to 100 feet (25 mm to 30 m). Some embodiments of the invention may have a curved or inclined pipe to obtain a longer residence time in the reactor. An inclined pipe may have a sequence of inclinations, gradually becoming more and more horizontal as it goes deeper. Since boreholes can be used in the present invention for exploration, production of dehydrated oil and gas, and geothermal boreholes, the pipes used in such facilities should be sized accordingly. For example, in a borehole approximately 5,000+ feet (1,524+ m) long, pipe diameters are likely to be approximately 12 to 120 inches (30-305 cm).

In some embodiments, there may be more than one tubular reactor.

In some embodiments of the invention, the temperatures necessary for an effective reaction can exceed 100 ° C and up to 2000 ° C, and the pressures necessary for an effective reaction can range from 14.7 psi. inch (203 kPa) to 40,000 psi inch (275892 kPa).

Based on the temperature and pressure ranges inside the reactor, in some ranges of T and P in the water inside the reactor, thermochemical or hydrothermal liquefaction processes can occur:

at temperatures from 100 ° C to 374 ° C (subcritical water) and pressures from 14.7 psi inch (203 kPa) to 30,000 psi inch (206944 kPa)

at a temperature of 374 ° to 500 + ° C (supercritical water) and a pressure of 14.7 psi inch (203 kPa) to 30,000 psi inch (206944 kPa)

Some embodiments of the invention can use any type of organic material to produce products inside the reactor under appropriate temperature and pressure conditions. In some embodiments of the invention, polymers may be used as an organic material for the reaction within a solvent (eg, water) in an underground reactor.

Some embodiments of the invention may use organic material to produce chemicals, fuels or hydrocarbons, depending on the organic substance used.

In some embodiments of the invention, a specialized geothermal pipe with multiple pipelines and an optional flexible tubing may be used for increased forced convection heat transfer in one or more geothermal heat layers. The geothermal fluid effluent may exit to the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC). The Rankine cycle on an organic coolant includes an evaporator or heater, which uses the heat from the outgoing geothermal fluid of the circulation circuit to heat and evaporate the working organic fluid. Vapors of the working organic fluid (for example: n-butane) drive the turbine, and the exhaust vapors of the turbine can be forcedly cooled with hot air for use in drainage processes and, later, cooled with water in order to provide additional heat for the algal ponds. The condensed working organic fluid may then be returned back to the evaporator for reheating. To generate electricity, the turbine can be connected to a discharge pump and a generator.

Embodiments of the invention with geothermal circulation in a pipe can provide tunable temperature control for a hydro-geothermal reactor and a depolymerization reactor by adjusting the speed of the hot water circulation flow and the number of inserts of the flexible tubing. An illustrative embodiment of this feature is shown in Figure 3. Some embodiments of the invention can use any liquid coolant to flow through the reactor and adjust the temperature.

In some embodiments, the temperature of the reactor can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the circulation flow rate, increasing or decreasing the flow rate in the tubular reactor, increasing or decreasing the inlet temperature of the tubular reactor, or increasing or decreasing the re-injection temperature in the circulation loop.

Если циркуляция приносит достаточно тепла посредством вынужденной конвекции, тогда для реактора, чтобы достичь требуемых температур, может быть достаточно и меньшей глубины размещения. Без циркуляции в трубах для данного геотермального ресурса потребовались бы большие глубины бурения за счет ограничений на теплопередачу в трубчатой циркуляции, обсадной трубе и области открытого конца забоя скважины.

If the circulation brings enough heat through forced convection, then a smaller depth of placement may be sufficient for the reactor to reach the required temperatures. Without circulation in the pipes, for this geothermal resource, large drilling depths would be required due to restrictions on heat transfer in the tubular circulation, casing and the open end area of the well bottom.

In some embodiments of the invention, the circulation pipe may have a diameter of from 1 inch to 100 feet (25 mm to 30 m).

Some embodiments of the invention can use a heat exchanger to extract energy from a heated liquid coolant. Examples of heat exchangers that can be used include the Rankine cycle, the Carnot cycle, the Stirling unit, the cyclone unit with heat recovery, the thermoelectric unit (using the Peltier-Seebeck effect), the mesoscopic device, the developments of Barton, Stoddard, Scuderi, Bell-Coleman and Brighton .. In other further embodiments, the exhaust gas products may be combusted to heat the heat transfer fluid for use in a heat exchanger. The heat transfer fluid can be used for drainage, power generation, heating aspects of reactor operation, or for the production of mechanical energy.

In other further embodiments, an organic coolant Rankine cycle can be used to directly operate the pump to supply the heat transfer fluid to the geothermal circulation system, supply energy to the downhole pump in a tubular reactor, and generate electricity. Also, the condensation section of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant can be used to facilitate the drainage of the biomass of algae or other organic materials in combination with forced ventilation through electricity or direct drive. Also, the organic working fluid in the condensation section can be used to heat algal ponds.

HOT EXCESSING WATER CONTAINING MINERALS, AMINO ACIDS AND CARBON

The tubular reactor effluents may contain sterilized mineral-rich water, carbon, and a hydrocarbon / gas mixture. The processes of depolymerization, hydrolysis, decarboxylation and thermal degradation lead to the formation of a mixture of petroleum oil / gas / carbon / carbon dioxide. Solid carbon and hydrocarbon are formed by a combination of depolymerization, hydrolysis, decarboxylation and thermal degradation underground. Some embodiments of the invention may include standard oil / water / gas separation equipment for separating hydrocarbon and gas.

The hot water coming out after separation, saturated with minerals, without oil, can return back to the channel system of open algal farms or to another system with biomass. In some embodiments, the total volume of hot water return can be 1/3 of the volume of water in the channels, so that every day 1/3 of the water in the channels can be returned and processed.

In some embodiments of the invention, the separated mixture of gas and carbon dioxide can be burned to generate electricity, heat and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can be pumped into the bottom, into the effluent of the tubular reactor, to facilitate pumping, and also injected into the effluent before or after returning back to the algal pond or to the buffer tank.

In some embodiments, the maximum reactor size is a function of the outlet velocity of the hydrothermal depolymerization reactor, temperature, mineral content, amino acid content and carbon dioxide saturation, which depend on the geothermal resource, the depth of the tube reactor, and the speed and direction of circulation.

Environmental factors that affect the reactor may include ambient temperature, wind speed, cloud cover, evaporation rate, precipitation, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure. Key process variables include reactor outlet velocity and temperature in addition to the size of the algal pond, such as depth, width, length and circulation.

CARBON GAS PRODUCTION UNDER LAND FROM ALGAE IN WATER, BIOMASS, WASTE AND POLYMERS

Carbon dioxide can be produced at the stage of decarboxylation in the presence of water, heat, pressure, algae, biomass, waste and polymers underground in the pipeline. In some embodiments of the invention, carbon dioxide can be reused within the process.

PRODUCTION OF A HYDROCARBON LIQUID / GAS MIXTURE UNDER LAND FROM ALGAE IN WATER, BIOMASS, WASTE AND POLYMER OBTAINED FROM A GEOTERMALLY STARTED HYDROLYSIS AND THERMAL TEST

When algae in water, biomass, wastewater, waste, and polymer are exposed to pressures and temperatures above ambient (300 + ° F (149 + ° C) and 300+ psi (2170+ kPa)) underground, the material is exposed hydrolysis, decarboxylation and destruction with the formation of oil and gas, along with solid carbon, carbon dioxide and hot mineral-saturated water. In some embodiments, the oil / gas / water mixture is then separated, whereby the water is returned to the algal pond, and the oil and gas are sent to processing plants downstream to produce electricity, heat, chemical production, transport fuel and coke production. Illustrative flowcharts showing this process are shown in Figures 4 and 5.

Coke production can be carried out by pyrolysis.

Benefits for existing facilities and algae production include renewable oil production, industrial wastewater consumption, and multiple growth for a large-scale algae farm using CO ₂ and mineral-rich hot water.

Figure 12 graphically depicts the profile of the volumetric temperature of the working circulating liquid coolant inside the casing. Heat transfer is due to heat conduction, natural convection and heat transfer by radiation. The working fluid in the casing pipe (see Fig. 19-3) is shown in Figure 13.

Figure 13 graphically depicts the profile of the volumetric temperature of the working circulating liquid coolant inside the casing. Heat transfer is due to heat conduction, natural convection and heat transfer by radiation. Working liquid coolant in the casing (see Fig.20-3) is shown in Figure 13.

Figure 14 graphically depicts the temperature profile in a tubular reactor for the process fluid of the circulation circuit inside the annular flow of the reactor with return through the Central pipe without forced convection. The tubular reactor (see Fig.19-19) is immersed in a working liquid coolant (see Fig.19-3). The process reagents enter the reactor (see Fig.19-15), and are also shown in the lower left part of the graph. The process fluid flows underground through the annular space (see Fig. 19-4), then returns through the central pipe (see Fig. 19-5). The temperature profile of the reactor can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature and the discharge flow rate (Fig.19-14), the demineralization flow rate (Fig.19-13), the flow rate of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (Fig.19-16), concentration and distribution piezoelectric particles in a working liquid coolant (see Fig. 22-21) or in a tubular reactor (see Fig. 22-22), the concentration and distribution of the catalyst in a tubular reactor (see Fig. 22-23), the gas flow rate at the inlet the line of the tubular reactor (see Fig.22-15), the temperature at the inlet technolog Skog fluid (Fig.19-15) and the process fluid flow rate (Fig.19-15).

Figure 15 graphically depicts the temperature profile in a tubular reactor for the process fluid of the circulation loop inside the annular flow space of the reactor with return through the central pipe with forced convection. The tubular reactor (see Fig.19-19) is immersed in a working liquid coolant (see Fig.19-3). The process reagents enter the reactor (see Fig.19-15), and are also shown in the lower left part of the graph. The process fluid flows underground through the annular space (see Fig. 19-4), then returns through the central pipe (see Fig. 19-5). The temperature profile of the reactor can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature and the discharge flow rate (Fig.19-14), the demineralization flow rate (Fig.19-13), the flow rate of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (Fig.19-16), concentration and distribution piezoelectric particles in a working liquid coolant (see Fig. 22-21) or in a tubular reactor (see Fig. 22-22), the concentration and distribution of the catalyst in a tubular reactor (see Fig. 22-23), the gas flow rate at the inlet the line of the tubular reactor (see Fig.22-15), the temperature at the inlet technolog fluid fluid (Fig.19-15), the flow rate of the process fluid (Fig.19-15) and the rotation speed of the mixer shaft (Fig.22-18b), and the geometry of the impeller, screw or blade of the mixer shaft (Fig.22-18b) .

Figure 16 shows the heat transfer mechanism and fluids used to limit precipitation of geothermal formation fluid, corrosion, and deposits on the inside diameter of the hot geothermal transfer pipe (see Figs. 19-7). The goal of isolating hot geothermal formation fluids (injected or pre-existing) from the tubular reactor is to reduce maintenance downtime by providing a scraper to clean the inside diameter of the pipe. Scraper cleaning is the process by which a plastic / rubber object with abrasive edges / cutters is pressurized through a pipe to typically clean the inside diameter of the pipe from solid sediment and other oxides / deposits that limit heat transfer and fluid flow. If cleaning the pipeline with a scraper could not be carried out, it would be necessary to remove the entire tubular reactor to remove solid sediment. Therefore, by isolating the geothermal working fluid inside the pipe and using the working liquid coolant (water, salt water, mercury, etc.) to transfer heat from the isolated geothermal fluid to the tubular reactor, the practical operation of the underground reactor is achieved by significantly reducing the time downtime for maintenance and costs.

Figure 17 shows the casing configuration of the discharge and reactor. Devices with continuously mixing shafts (Figs. 17-4) maintain a high flow rate along the outer diameter of the tubular reactor in order to minimize precipitation and contamination due to continuous surface cleaning, and contribute to convective heat transfer. The geothermal formation fluid is pumped (Fig. 17-3) and flows into the face and into the formation (Fig. 17-9) through the rock with hydraulic fracturing (Fig. 17-10), and flows back through the return pipe (Fig. 17-8) in the installation of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (Fig.17-2), which directly drives the pumps and auxiliary equipment. The geothermal formation fluid is in direct contact with the outer diameter of the tubular reactor and can be diverted through (Figs. 17-5 and 17-2) drains to restore mineralization through a demineralization unit (DMIN). The bottom temperature can exceed 200 ° C, and pressures exceed 500 psi. inch (3549 kPa).

Figure 18 shows a casing-containing reactor configuration with an external discharge line. Devices with continuously mixing shafts (Figs. 18-5) maintain a high flow rate along the outer diameter of the tubular reactor in order to minimize precipitation and contamination due to continuous surface cleaning, and contribute to convective heat transfer. The geothermal reservoir fluid is pumped (Fig. 18-14) and flows into the face and into the reservoir (Fig. 18-10) through the rock with hydraulic fracturing (Fig. 18-9), and flows back through the return pipe (Fig. 18-11) in the installation of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (Fig.18-16), which directly drives the pumps and auxiliary equipment. The geothermal formation fluid is in direct contact with the outer diameter of the tubular reactor and can be diverted through (Figs. 18-15 and 18-16) gutters to restore mineralization through a demineralization unit (DMIN). The bottom temperature can exceed 200 ° C, and pressures exceed 500 psi. inch (3549 kPa).

FIG. 19 shows a casing-containing reactor configuration with an external discharge line (FIGS. 19-14) comprising a casing / internal insulation of a geothermal formation fluid and a heat transfer line (FIGS. 19-13) containing a casing / internal pipe reactor (FIG. 19-19) and the external return line of the geothermal reservoir fluid (Fig.19-16). The geothermal formation fluid is pumped (Fig. 19-14) and flows into the face and into the formation (Fig. 19-10) through the rock with hydraulic fracturing (Fig. 19-9), and flows back through the return pipe (Fig. 19-11) in the installation of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (Fig.19-16), which directly drives the pumps and auxiliary equipment. The geothermal formation fluid does not directly contact the outer diameter of the tubular reactor, but is isolated relative to the inner diameter of several hot heat transfer pipes that return to the surface for removal through (Figs. 19-13 and 19-16) gutters to restore mineralization through the demineralization unit (DMIN) .. The main difference between Figure 19 and the preceding Figures 17 and 18 is the use of a hot heat transfer pipe (Figs. 19-7) to isolate hot geothermal formation fluids from the reactor, h To prevent precipitation / contamination on the reactor wall. The first prospective advantage (FIGS. 19-7) is to provide ease of maintenance / cleaning of the pipeline with a scraper through the inner diameter to remove solid sludge and increase heat transfer. The working liquid coolant (Fig.19-3) transfers heat to the tubular reactor by wetting the tubular reactor and the hot heat transfer geothermal pipe. The bottom temperature may exceed 200 ° C and pressures exceed 500 psi. inch (3549 kPa).

FIG. 20 shows a casing-containing reactor configuration with an external discharge line (FIGS. 20-14) comprising a casing / inner insulation of a geothermal formation fluid and a heat transfer line (FIGS. 20-13) containing a casing / internal pipe reactor (FIG. 20-19) and the external return line of the geothermal reservoir fluid (Fig.20-16). The geothermal formation fluid is pumped (Fig. 20-14) and flows into the face and into the formation (Fig. 20-10) through the rock with hydraulic fracturing (Fig. 20-9), and flows back through the return pipe (Fig. 20-11) in the installation of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (Fig.20-16), which directly drives the pumps and auxiliary equipment. The geothermal formation fluid does not directly contact the outer diameter of the tubular reactor, but is isolated relative to the inner diameter of several hot heat transfer pipes that return to the surface for removal through (Figs. 20-13 and 20-16) gutters to restore mineralization through a demineralization unit (DMIN) . The main difference between Figure 20 and the preceding Figures 17 and 18 is the use of a hot heat transfer pipe (Figs. 20-7) to isolate hot geothermal formation fluids from the reactor to prevent precipitation / contamination on the wall of the reactor. The first perspective advantage (FIGS. 20-7) is to provide ease of maintenance / cleaning of the pipeline with a scraper through the inner diameter to remove solid sludge and increase heat transfer. The working liquid coolant (Fig.20-3) transfers heat to the tubular reactor by wetting the tubular reactor and the hot heat transfer geothermal pipe. The second major difference between Figure 20 and Figure 19 is the use of a continuously-mixing set of shafts to enhance convection in the face to increase the heat transfer rate. The bottom temperature can exceed 200 ° C, and pressures exceed 500 psi. inch (3549 kPa).

Figure 21 shows a casing-containing reactor configuration with an external flow line (FIGS. 21-14) comprising a casing / inner insulation of a geothermal formation fluid and a heat transfer line (FIGS. 21-13) containing a casing / internal pipe reactor (FIG. .21-19) and the external return line of the geothermal reservoir fluid (Fig.21-16). The geothermal reservoir fluid is pumped (Fig.21-14) and flows into the face and into the reservoir (Fig.21-10) through the rock with hydraulic fracturing (Fig.21-9), and flows back through the return pipe (Fig.21-11) in the installation of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (Fig.21-16), which directly drives the pumps and auxiliary equipment. The geothermal formation fluid does not directly contact the outer diameter of the tubular reactor, but is insulated relative to the inner diameter of several hot heat transfer pipes that return to the surface for removal through (Figs. 21-13 and 21-16) gutters to restore mineralization through a demineralization unit (DMIN) . The main difference between Figure 21 and the previous Figure 20 is the use of piezoelectric particles to convert the mechanical stress generated by the force of gravity acting on the downhole casing of the circulating liquid coolant into electric current and heat. Additionally, along with piezoparticles, a catalyst can circulate within the tubular reactor. The bottom temperature can exceed 200 ° C, and pressures exceed 500 psi. inch (3549 kPa).

Figure 22 shows a casing-containing reactor configuration with an external flow line (Figs. .22-19) and the external return line of the geothermal reservoir fluid (Fig.22-16). The geothermal formation fluid is injected (Figure 22-14) and flows into the face and into the formation (Figure 22-10) through the fractured rock (Figure 22-9), and flows back through the return pipe (Figure 22-11) to the installation of the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (Fig.22-16), which directly drives the pumps and auxiliary equipment. The geothermal formation fluid does not contact directly with the outer diameter of the tubular reactor, but is isolated relative to the inner diameter of several hot heat transfer pipes that return to the surface for removal through (Figs. 22-13 and 22-16) gutters to restore mineralization through a demineralization unit (DMIN) . The main difference between Figure 22 and the previous Figure 21 is the use of gas, which is additionally compressed to release latent heat inside the tubular reactor and the working fluid, isolated from the geothermal reservoir. The bottom temperature can exceed 200 ° C, and pressures exceed 500 psi. inch (3549 kPa).

Figure 23 shows the use of one or more tubular reactors and hot geothermal pipes inside a cemented casing. It is important to note that a fully cemented casing acts as a huge insulator by reducing heat loss.

The hot heat transfer pipe (s) shown in Figs. Plastic / rubber will depolymerize inside the hot pipe and dissolve the scraper over time. Therefore, the scraper never returns when it is pumped into the ReactWell hot geothermal pipe because it dissolves due to high temperature and pressure.

EXAMPLES

Examples and methods of use are described herein as a basis for training a person skilled in the art to use the invention in any suitable way. These examples disclosed in this application should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Example 1

One embodiment of the invention for testing the system may include a benchtop version of the reactor consisting of a larger diameter pipe containing one oil / gas / water circulation separator, one tubular reactor, and auxiliary instruments for measuring temperature and pressure. The reactor will be installed vertically, and its bottom (bottom hole) is located inside the heater. The heater is used to simulate the source of geothermal temperature. The outlet circulation stream will be cooled by a condenser and returned back to the charge pump for reuse in the circulation circuit. The reservoir - the source of the tubular reactor will contain the selected type of organic material in water with the option to add a catalyst. The tubular reactor will introduce water loaded with biomass into the annular space of the reactor, reacting below and flowing into the sampling chamber with a flow analyzer. The outlet of the circulation circuit will be controlled by a valve to regulate the back pressure. The outlet of the tubular reactor will be controlled by a valve to control backpressure.

Example 2

One of the embodiments of the invention for testing the system will at the first stage describe a tubular reactor and a circulation circuit with a fixed amount of deionized water (DV), with the start of circulation in the circulation circuit. Then the heater is turned on and the condenser coolant flow is started and the corresponding adjustment is performed. When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined with the help of instrumentation / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor. When the injection of aqueous organic material is completed, the tubular reactor will be washed with a known amount of DV. Then, after washing, the DV leaving the tubular reactor will begin to return to the inlet again. Then the heater will be turned off. When the temperature of the liquid coolant in the circulation system reaches ambient temperature, the pressure pump of the tubular reactor will be turned off. Then, the circulation pump and condenser coolant will be turned off. Benchtop equipment must be depressurized to ambient conditions before opening any chambers, vessels, reactors, pipes or pipelines.

Example 3

One of the embodiments of the invention for testing the system will at the first stage describe a tubular reactor and a circulation loop with a fixed amount of deionized water (DV), which starts circulation in the circulation loop. Then the heater is turned on and the condenser coolant flow is started, and they are adjusted accordingly. When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined with the help of instrumentation / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor. The outlet products of the tubular reactor will be directed to an oil / gas / water separator. Water will be reused and mixed with new organic raw materials and water. Oil and gas will be analyzed. After determining the completion of the steady state test, the tubular reactor will be washed with a known amount of DV. Then, after washing, the DV leaving the tubular reactor will begin to return to the inlet again. Then the heater will be turned off. When the temperature of the liquid coolant in the circulation system reaches ambient temperature, the discharge pump of the tubular reactor will be turned off. Then, the circulation pump and condenser coolant will be turned off. Benchtop equipment must be depressurized to ambient conditions before opening any chambers, vessels, reactors, pipes or pipelines.

Example 4

One embodiment of the invention for testing the system includes a heater capable of delivering temperatures above 400 ° C, a condensing unit, a reactor as described herein, an oil / gas / water separator, a discharge pump for the circulation loop, and a downhole pump for the tubular exhaust stream the reactor together with the corresponding auxiliary instrumentation and temperature, pressure and flow sensors. The reactor consists of a pipe of larger diameter, containing one circulation loop and one tubular reactor. The reactor will be installed vertically, and its bottom (bottom hole) is located inside the heater. The heater is used to simulate the source of geothermal temperature. The circulation stream at the outlet will be cooled by a condenser and returned back to the charge pump for reuse in the circulation circuit. The source tank of the tubular reactor will contain the selected type of organic material in water with the option to add catalyst. The tubular reactor will introduce water loaded with biomass into the annular space of the reactor, reacting below and flowing into the oil / water / gas separator. The separated water will be returned to the water storage tank. Oil will be sent to the oil storage tank. Gas will be stored, burned or vented to the atmosphere. The outlet flow of the circulation circuit will be controlled by a valve to regulate the back pressure. The outlet flow of the tubular reactor will be controlled by a valve for regulating the back pressure.

Example 5

One of the embodiments of the invention for testing the system will at the first stage describe a tubular reactor and a circulation circuit with a fixed amount of purified water, with the start of circulation in the circulation circuit. Then the heater is turned on and the condenser coolant flow is started and the corresponding adjustment is performed. When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined with the help of instrumentation / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor. The outlet products of the tubular reactor will be directed to an oil / gas / water separator. Water will be reused and mixed with new organic raw materials and water. The separated oil will be sent to a storage tank, and the gas will be stored, analyzed and disposed of. Depending on environmental legislation, gas may require combustion or incineration before analysis. After completion of the steady state test, the tubular reactor will be flushed with purified water. Then turn off the heater. When the temperature of the liquid coolant in the circulation system reaches the environment, the discharge pump of the tubular reactor will be turned off. Then, the circulation pump and condenser coolant will be turned off. The equipment must be depressurized to ambient conditions before opening any chambers, vessels, reactors, pipes or pipelines.

Example 6

One embodiment of the invention includes completed on-site exploration, drilling of related exploratory wells underground, drilling a tubular reactor underground, installing casing, cementing, hydraulic fracturing in the face, hydrothermal cracking of the rock to increase area, permeability and porosity, tubular circulation loop (circuits), packers for stabilization of pipes in the face, tubular reactor (s) and associated downhole control and measuring tools, pumps and sensors. Then, the Rankine cycle installation on an organic coolant (ORC) should be mounted above the ground, connected by pipes to the pipeline (s) of the ReactWell circulation circuit and connected to the circulation pressure pump (s) and the corresponding power equipment. Then, the inlet (s) of the tubular reactor (s) should be connected to organic raw materials in an adjacent algae growing farm and to other potential organic waste streams. The outlet streams of the tubular reactor (s) should be connected by pipes to the equipment for the separation of oil / gas / water and to tanks.

Example 7

One of the embodiments of the invention will at the first stage describe a tubular reactor and a circulation circuit with a fixed amount of purified water, starting circulation in the circulation circuit using a separate start-up pump, and abrupt start and sealing of the circulation system. When the temperatures have reached the set values for the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC), there is a switch to a pressure pump with a direct drive to power the circulation circuit and connect to generate electricity. An adequate condenser coolant flow can be maintained and adjusted accordingly. The source of cooling liquids may be an algal pond (ponds) to provide geothermal heating. When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined by means of control / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor (s). The outgoing products of the tubular reactor (s) will be sent to an oil / gas / water separator. Mineral-rich hot water will be reused and mixed with existing water with algae in ponds or tanks to multiply algae growth. The separated oil will be sent to a storage tank. A gas mainly consisting of carbon dioxide will saturate with carbon dioxide the discharged water that returns to the algal pond. When one of the tubular reactors requires maintenance, it is first rinsed with purified water and then serviced. When the circulation circuit requires maintenance, the tubular reactor will be flushed with purified water and will remain on. The shutdown and maintenance of the Rankine cycle on the organic coolant (ORC) must be performed. The effluent of the tubular reactor must be connected to cooling devices to maintain low temperatures inside the reactor in order to prevent thermal stresses due to rapid changes in temperature. In the event of a general repair of the reactor, the tubular reactor (s) should be flushed with purified water, and the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC) should be shut off and depressurized. When temperatures stabilize, the circulation circuit must be disconnected and depressurized. The installation must be depressurized to environmental conditions and checked before opening any chambers, tanks, reactors, pipes or flexible tubing.

It should be noted that terms such as “preferred,” “usually” and “typically” are not used in this application in order to limit the scope of the claimed invention or to make it clear that certain distinguishing features are critical, essential or at least important to the structure or functions of the claimed invention. On the contrary, these terms are merely intended to illuminate alternative or additional features that may or may not be used in a particular embodiment of the present invention.

The present application provides detailed descriptions of one or more embodiments of the invention. However, it is understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific details disclosed in this application (even if indicated as preferred or advantageous) should not be interpreted as limiting, but should be used as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis in order to teach a person skilled in the art to use the present invention in any acceptable way.

Several embodiments of the invention have been described. However, it should be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, other embodiments of the invention are included as part of the present invention and may be covered by the appended claims. In addition, the above description of various embodiments of the invention does not necessarily imply an exception.

For example, “some” embodiments of the invention, “illustrative” embodiments of the invention, or “other” embodiments of the invention may include all or part of the “some”, “other” and “subsequent” embodiments of the invention within the scope of this invention.

Example 8

In one embodiment of the invention, the geothermal fluid will initially be pumped into the bottom in the discharge line inside the casing, into a dry heated rock (HDR) with hydraulic fracturing. Then the hot geothermal fluid will flow through the longitudinal fracture of the rock with a hydraulic fracture back into the annular space between the injection line, the reactor and the inner diameter of the casing, and then to the surface for cleaning from minerals and subsequent re-injection through the initial injection line. There should also be a second well and casing, which will provide the outgoing hot geothermal formation fluid with the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC) so that the fluid remains hot until the ORC cycle enters. The tubular reactor circulation system must be flushed with a fixed amount of purified water, and the circulation is started using a separate start-up pump. After starting the tubular circulation system, geothermal fluid injection into the face is started. When the temperatures reach the set values for the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC), the pump switches to a direct-drive pump to power the circulation circuit and connect to generate electricity. Generated electricity can come from a turbine and piezoelectric / thermal devices. The coolant flow of the ORC condenser will be adjusted accordingly. The source of cooling liquids to ensure geothermal heating can be paddle fans or algal ponds (ponds). When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined by means of control / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor (s). The outgoing products of the tubular reactor (s) will be sent to an oil / gas / water separator, and a bio-oil stabilization unit located downstream and using ion separation, driven by the applied voltage differential due to ORC electricity or piezoelectric / thermal underground (rods), will further separate light fractions from heavy fractions and provide the possibility of catalysis downstream. Hot water at the outlet, saturated with minerals, must be reused and mixed with existing water with algae in ponds or tanks to multiply the growth of algae. The separated oil should be directed to a storage tank. The gas, mainly consisting of carbon dioxide and methane, will be burned to produce CO ₂ , which is used to saturate the carbon dioxide waste water that is recycled to the algal pond. When one of the tubular reactors requires maintenance, it is first rinsed with purified water and then serviced. When the discharge pipe or discharge pipe of the geothermal formation fluid requires maintenance, the tubular reactor should be flushed with purified water and remain connected, and the Rankine cycle on the organic coolant (ORC) should be turned off and isolated. The effluent of the tubular reactor should be slowly connected to cooling devices to maintain low temperatures inside the reactor in order to prevent thermal loads due to rapid changes in temperature. In the event of a complete repair of the reactor, the tubular reactor (s) should be flushed with purified water, and the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC) should be shut off, insulated, and depressurized. When the temperatures stabilize, the circulation circuit in the tubular reactor must be disconnected and depressurized. The installation must be depressurized to environmental conditions and checked before opening any chambers, removing pipes, shutting down, dismantling containers, reactors, pipes or flexible tubing.

Example 9

In one embodiment of the invention, the geothermal fluid will initially be pumped into the bottom in the discharge line inside the casing, into a dry heated rock (HDR) with hydraulic fracturing. Then the hot geothermal fluid will flow through the longitudinal fracture of the rock with a hydraulic fracture back into the annular space between the injection line, the reactor and the inner diameter of the casing, then to the surface for cleaning from minerals and subsequent re-injection through the initial injection line. Also, there should be a second well and casing, which will provide the outgoing hot geothermal formation fluid with the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC), so that the fluid remains hot until the ORC cycle enters. The tubular reactor circulation system must be flushed with a fixed amount of purified water, and the circulation is started using a separate start-up pump. After starting the tubular circulation system, geothermal fluid injection into the face is started. When the temperatures reach the set values for the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC), the pump switches to a direct-drive pump to power the circulation circuit and connect to generate electricity. Generated electricity can come from a turbine and piezoelectric / thermal devices. The coolant flow of the ORC condenser will be adjusted accordingly. The source of cooling liquids to ensure geothermal heating can be paddle fans or algal ponds (ponds). When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined by means of control / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor (s). The outgoing products of the tubular reactor (s) will be directed to an oil / gas / water separator, and a bio-oil stabilization unit located downstream and using ion separation driven by the applied voltage differential due to ORC electricity or piezoelectric / thermal underground (rods), it will additionally separate light fractions from heavy fractions and provide the possibility of catalysis downstream. Hot water at the outlet, saturated with minerals, must be reused and mixed with existing water with algae in ponds or tanks to multiply the growth of algae. The separated oil should be directed to a storage tank. The gas, mainly consisting of carbon dioxide and methane, will be burned to produce CO ₂ , which is used to saturate the carbon dioxide waste water that is recycled to the algal pond. When one of the tubular reactors requires maintenance, it must first be washed with purified water, and then serviced. When the discharge pipe or discharge pipe of the geothermal formation fluid requires maintenance, the tubular reactor should be flushed with purified water and remain connected. The organic heat transfer Rankine cycle (ORC) must be disconnected and isolated. The effluent of the tubular reactor should be slowly connected to cooling devices to maintain low temperatures inside the reactor in order to prevent thermal loads due to rapid changes in temperature. In the event of a complete repair of the reactor, the tubular reactor (s) should be flushed with purified water, and the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC) should be shut off, insulated and depressurized. When the temperatures stabilize, the circulation circuit in the tubular reactor must be disconnected and depressurized. The installation must be depressurized to environmental conditions and checked before opening any chambers, removing pipes, shutting down, dismantling containers, reactors, pipes or flexible tubing.

Example 10

One of the embodiments of the invention will at the first stage describe a casing with a liquid coolant that is not exposed to dry heated rock or process. Then the water will be pumped into the bottom in the discharge line from the outside relative to the casing, into the dry heated rock (HDR) with hydraulic fracturing. Then the water will flow through the rock with hydraulic fracturing into the casing, through the inner diameter of the heat pipes and to the surface for cleaning from minerals and subsequent re-injection through the original discharge line. Additionally, a third well should be present, a borehole that will provide energy to the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC). Then the reactor and the circulation circuit with a fixed amount of purified water, circulation is started on the circulation circuit using a separate starting pump, with a sharp start and sealing of the circulation system. When the temperatures reach the set values for the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC), the pump switches to a direct-drive pump to power the circulation circuit and connect to generate electricity. An adequate condenser coolant flow can be maintained and adjusted accordingly. The source of cooling liquids to ensure geothermal heating can be an algal pond (ponds). When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined by means of control / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor (s). The outgoing products of the tubular reactor (s) will be sent to an oil / gas / water separator. Hot water at the outlet, saturated with minerals, must be reused and mixed with existing water with algae in ponds or in tanks to multiply the growth of algae. The separated oil should be directed to a storage tank. The gas, mainly composed of carbon dioxide, saturates with carbon dioxide the wastewater that is recycled to the algal pond. When one of the tubular reactors requires maintenance, it must first be washed with purified water, and then serviced. When the circulation circuit requires maintenance, the tubular reactor must be flushed with purified water and remain connected. The shutdown and maintenance of the Rankine cycle on the organic coolant (ORC) must be performed. The effluent of the tubular reactor must be connected to cooling devices to maintain low temperatures inside the reactor in order to prevent thermal loads due to rapid changes in temperature. In the event of a complete repair of the reactor, the tubular reactor (s) should be flushed with purified water, and the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC) should be shut off and depressurized. When the temperatures stabilize, the circulation circuit in the tubular reactor must be disconnected and depressurized. The installation must be depressurized to environmental conditions and checked before opening any chambers, tanks, reactors, pipes or flexible tubing.

Example 11

One embodiment of the invention will first describe a casing with a liquid coolant that is not exposed to dry heated rock or a process. Then the water will be pumped into the bottom in the discharge line from the outside relative to the casing, into the dry heated rock (HDR) with hydraulic fracturing. Then the water will flow through the rock with hydraulic fracturing into the casing and to the surface for cleaning from minerals and subsequent re-injection through the original discharge line. Also, there should be a third borehole that will provide energy to the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC). Then the reactor and the circulation circuit with a fixed amount of purified water, the circulation on the circulation circuit is started using a separate starting pump, the activation of the mixing shafts is started, with a sharp start and sealing of the circulation system. When the temperatures reach the set values for the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC), the pump switches to a direct-drive pump to power the circulation circuit and connect to generate electricity. An adequate condenser coolant flow can be maintained and adjusted accordingly. The source of cooling liquids to ensure geothermal heating can be an algal pond (ponds). When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined by means of control / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor (s). The outgoing products of the tubular reactor (s) will be sent to an oil / gas / water separator. Hot water at the outlet, saturated with minerals, must be reused and mixed with the available water with algae in ponds or in tanks to multiply the growth of algae. The separated oil should be directed to a storage tank. A gas mainly consisting of carbon dioxide will saturate with carbon dioxide the wastewater recycled to the algal pond. When one of the tubular reactors requires maintenance, it must first be washed with purified water, and then serviced. When the circulation circuit requires maintenance, the tubular reactor must be flushed with purified water and remain on. The shutdown and maintenance of the Rankine cycle on the organic coolant (ORC) must be performed. The effluent of the tubular reactor must be connected to cooling devices to maintain low temperatures inside the reactor in order to prevent thermal loads due to rapid changes in temperature. In the event of a complete repair of the reactor, the tubular reactor (s) should be flushed with purified water, and the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC) should be shut off and depressurized. When the temperatures stabilize, the circulation circuit in the tubular reactor must be turned off, with the mixing shaft turned off and depressurized. The installation must be depressurized to environmental conditions and checked before opening any chambers, tanks, reactors, pipes or flexible tubing.

Example 12

One embodiment of the invention will first describe a casing pipe with a liquid coolant that is not exposed to dry heated rock or process and containing piezoelectric / piezoelectric particles to generate current and heat when subjected to hydraulic force. Then the water will be pumped into the bottom through the rock with hydraulic fracturing into the casing and to the surface for cleaning from minerals, followed by re-injection through the original discharge line. Also, there should be a third borehole that will provide energy to the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC). Then the reactor and the circulation circuit with a fixed amount of purified water, the circulation on the circulation circuit is started using a separate starting pump, the activation of the mixing shafts is started, with a sharp start and sealing of the circulation system. When the temperatures reach the set values for the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC), the pump switches to a direct-drive pump to power the circulation circuit and connect to generate electricity. An adequate condenser coolant flow can be maintained and adjusted accordingly. The source of coolants to ensure geothermal heating can be an algal pond (ponds). When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined by means of control / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor (s). The outgoing products of the tubular reactor (s) will be sent to an oil / gas / water separator. Hot water at the outlet, saturated with minerals, must be reused and mixed with the available water with algae in ponds or in tanks to multiply the growth of algae. The separated oil should be directed to a storage tank. Subsequent processing of bio-oil / crude oil is provided by ReactWell LLC for separation prior to shipment into light, distillate and heavy fractions. Oil stabilization should be accompanied by the use of an underground geothermal density separation and ion separation installation that uses geothermal heat to initiate density separation and ion separation by means of a geothermal bridge connection with piezoelectric rods that generate a voltage drop across the liquid during separation due to the temperature gradient inside the underground separation the columns. Thus, the column uses geothermal energy to generate heat and for ion separation processes. The use of only one density separation is not “cost-effective” due to time constraints (modern practice in yellow fat boilers is slower during winter and faster during summer), but ion separation is also used to increase the speed of separation processes, which, typically driven by the applied electrical voltage. A gas mainly consisting of carbon dioxide will saturate with carbon dioxide the wastewater recycled to the algal pond. When one of the tubular reactors requires maintenance, it must first be washed with purified water, and then serviced. When the circulation circuit requires maintenance, the tubular reactor must be flushed with purified water and remain on. The shutdown and maintenance of the Rankine cycle on the organic coolant (ORC) must be performed. The effluent of the tubular reactor must be connected to cooling devices to maintain low temperatures inside the reactor in order to prevent thermal loads due to rapid changes in temperature. In the event of a complete repair of the reactor, the tubular reactor (s) should be flushed with purified water, and the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC) should be shut off and depressurized. When the temperatures stabilize, the circulation loop of the tubular reactor should be turned off, with the mixing shafts turned off and depressurized. The installation must be depressurized to environmental conditions and checked before opening any chambers, tanks, reactors, pipes or flexible tubing.

Example 13

One embodiment of the invention will first describe a casing pipe with a liquid coolant that is not exposed to dry heated rock or process and containing piezoelectric / piezoelectric particles to generate current and heat when subjected to hydraulic force. Then water will flow down into the bottom through the rock with hydraulic fracturing into the casing and to the surface for cleaning from minerals and subsequent re-injection through the initial discharge line. Also, there should be a third borehole that will provide energy to the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC). Then the reactor and the circulation circuit with a fixed amount of purified water, the circulation on the circulation circuit is started using a separate starting pump, the activation of the mixing shafts is started, with a sharp start and sealing of the circulation system. When the temperatures reach the set values for the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC), the pump switches to a direct-drive pump to power the circulation circuit and connect to generate electricity. An adequate condenser coolant flow can be maintained and adjusted accordingly. The source of cooling liquids to ensure geothermal heating can be an algal pond (ponds). When the circulating temperatures and pressure are stabilized, which is determined by means of control / temperature and pressure indicators, the injection of aqueous organic material will begin in the tubular reactor (s). The outgoing products of the tubular reactor (s) will be sent to an oil / gas / water separator. Hot water at the outlet, saturated with minerals, must be reused and mixed with the available water with algae in ponds or in tanks to multiply the growth of algae. The separated oil should be directed to a storage tank. A gas mainly consisting of carbon dioxide will saturate with carbon dioxide the wastewater recycled to the algal pond. When one of the tubular reactors requires maintenance, it must first be washed with purified water, and then serviced. When the circulation circuit requires maintenance, the tubular reactor must be flushed with purified water and remain on. The shutdown and maintenance of the Rankine cycle on the organic coolant (ORC) must be performed. The effluent of the tubular reactor must be connected to cooling devices to maintain low temperatures inside the reactor in order to prevent thermal loads due to rapid changes in temperature. In the event of a complete repair of the reactor, the tubular reactor (s) should be flushed with purified water, and the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant (ORC) should be shut off and depressurized. When the temperatures stabilize, the circulation loop of the tubular reactor should be turned off, with the mixing shafts turned off and depressurized. The installation must be depressurized to environmental conditions and checked before opening any chambers, tanks, reactors, pipes or flexible tubing.

Claims (110)

1. An underground reactor for use in a method for producing fuel for producing fuel from organic material, including: a first pipeline pumping organic material underground to convert organic material into fuel; a second pipeline raising transformed organic material; a heat exchanger for generating heat for use in supplying energy to equipment used in a fuel production method, wherein the liquid heat carrier contains piezoelectric or piezoelectric particles. 2. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that it further includes a device that implements the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant to convert heat from a heat exchanger into energy to power equipment used in the process of producing fuel. 3. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment used in the method for producing fuel is directly driven by a device that extracts energy from the heat exchanger. 4. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the equipment includes a pump. 5. An underground reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that the pump provides for pumping a liquid coolant along a closed loop in order to keep the reaction zone at the required temperature. 6. The underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic material is biomass. 7. An underground reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that the algae are biomass. 8. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic material is a polymer. 9. The underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic material is solid waste. 10. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic material reacts by liquefaction. 11. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic material reacts due to a thermochemical reaction. 12. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic material reacts due to hydrothermal processes. 13. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the second pipeline is located inside the first pipeline. 14. An underground reactor according to claim 13, characterized in that the first pipeline is closed in the lower part and the second pipeline is open in the lower part. 15. An underground reactor according to claim 13, wherein the first pipeline is deeper underground than the second pipeline. 16. The underground reactor according to claim 13, characterized in that it further includes a casing, which covers the first pipe and the second pipe. 17. An underground reactor according to claim 16, characterized in that the casing runs at least at one depth with the first pipeline. 18. An underground reactor according to claim 16, characterized in that the casing pipe does not run higher than the first pipe. 19. An underground reactor according to claim 18, characterized in that it further includes a filter that reaches the depth of the first pipeline. 20. An underground reactor according to claim 17, characterized in that the casing is an insulator. 21. An underground reactor according to claim 20, characterized in that the insulator is cement. 22. An underground reactor according to claim 16, characterized in that it further includes at least a third pipeline through which heat transfer material can be pumped. 23. An underground reactor according to claim 22, characterized in that the heat transfer material is water. 24. An underground reactor according to claim 23, characterized in that it further includes an oil, gas, water separator, which separates the products leaving the reactor. 25. An underground reactor according to claim 24, characterized in that the separator is located above the ground. 26. An underground reactor according to claim 24, characterized in that the separator is underground. 27. An underground reactor according to claim 24, characterized in that some of the products are preserved. 28. An underground reactor according to claim 24, characterized in that some of the products are used as food for the growth of biomass. 29. An underground reactor according to claim 24, characterized in that some of the products are used to generate electricity. 30. An underground reactor according to claim 29, characterized in that the electricity is generated through heat exchange. 31. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the first pipeline is bent. 32. An underground reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the first pipeline is inclined. 33. An underground reactor according to claim 32, characterized in that at least the first pipeline branches. 34. An underground reactor for use in a method for producing fuel for producing fuel from organic material, including: a first pipeline pumping organic material underground to convert organic material into fuel; a second pipeline raising transformed organic material; and a pump that pumps liquid coolant in a closed loop in order to keep the reaction zone at the required temperature, however, the heat transfer fluid contains piezoelectric or piezoelectric particles. 35. An underground reactor according to claim 34, characterized in that it further includes a heat exchanger for generating heat for use in supplying energy to the equipment used in the method for producing fuel. 36. The underground reactor according to p. 35, characterized in that it further includes a device that implements the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant to convert heat from a heat exchanger into energy to power equipment used in the process of obtaining fuel. 37. An underground reactor according to claim 35, characterized in that the equipment includes a pump. 38. An underground reactor according to claim 35, characterized in that the equipment used in the method for producing fuel is directly driven by a device that extracts energy from the heat exchanger. 39. An underground reactor according to claim 34, wherein the organic material is biomass. 40. An underground reactor according to claim 39, wherein the biomass is algae. 41. An underground reactor according to claim 34, wherein the organic material is a polymer. 42. An underground reactor according to claim 34, wherein the organic material is solid waste. 43. An underground reactor according to claim 34, wherein the organic material reacts by liquefaction. 44. An underground reactor according to claim 34, characterized in that the organic material reacts due to a thermochemical reaction. 45. An underground reactor according to claim 34, characterized in that the organic material reacts due to hydrothermal processes. 46. An underground reactor according to claim 34, characterized in that the second pipeline is located inside the first pipeline. 47. An underground reactor according to claim 46, characterized in that the first pipeline is closed in the lower part, and the second pipeline is open in the lower part. 48. An underground reactor according to claim 46, wherein the first pipeline is deeper underground than the second pipeline. 49. An underground reactor according to claim 46, characterized in that it further includes a casing, which covers the first pipeline and the second pipeline. 50. An underground reactor according to claim 49, characterized in that the casing runs at least at one depth with the first pipeline. 51. An underground reactor according to claim 49, characterized in that the casing pipe runs higher than the first pipe. 52. An underground reactor according to claim 51, characterized in that it further includes a filter that reaches the depth of the first pipeline. 53. An underground reactor according to claim 50, characterized in that the casing is an insulator. 54. An underground reactor according to claim 53, wherein the insulator is cement. 55. An underground reactor according to claim 49, characterized in that it further includes at least a third pipeline through which heat transfer material can be pumped. 56. An underground reactor according to claim 55, characterized in that the heat transfer material is water. 57. The underground reactor according to p. 56, characterized in that it further includes an oil, gas, water separator, which separates the products leaving the reactor. 58. An underground reactor according to claim 57, characterized in that the separator is located above the ground. 59. An underground reactor according to claim 57, characterized in that the separator is underground. 60. An underground reactor according to claim 57, characterized in that some of the products are preserved. 61. An underground reactor according to claim 57, characterized in that some of the products are used as food for the growth of biomass. 62. An underground reactor according to claim 57, characterized in that some of the products are used to generate electricity. 63. An underground reactor according to claim 62, characterized in that the electricity is generated through heat exchange. 64. An underground reactor according to claim 34, characterized in that at least the first pipeline is bent. 65. An underground reactor according to claim 34, characterized in that at least the first pipeline is inclined. 66. An underground reactor according to claim 37, characterized in that at least the first pipeline branches. 67. The method of producing fuel in an underground reactor according to paragraphs. 1-33 or 34-66, including: (a) sending the organic material underground through the first pipeline, wherein pressure and temperature are applied to the organic material in the reaction zone to convert the organic material to fuel; (b) raising fuel through a second pipeline; and circulation of the liquid coolant in a closed loop in order to keep the reaction zone at the required temperature, however, the heat transfer fluid contains piezoelectric or piezoelectric particles. 68. The method according to p. 67, characterized in that it further includes the use of a heat exchanger for heat generation for use in supplying energy to the equipment used in the conversion method. 69. The method according to p. 68, characterized in that the equipment used in the process of obtaining fuel is directly driven by a device that extracts energy from the heat exchanger. 70. The method according to p. 67, characterized in that it further includes the use of a Rankine cycle on an organic coolant to convert heat from a heat exchanger into energy to power the equipment used in the conversion method. 71. The method according to p. 69, wherein the equipment includes a pump. 72. The method of producing fuel in an underground reactor according to paragraphs. 1-33 or 34-66, including: (a) sending the organic material underground through the first pipeline, wherein pressure and temperature are applied to the organic material in the reaction zone to convert the organic material to fuel; (b) raising fuel through a second pipeline; and (c) the use of a heat exchanger for heat generation for use in supplying energy to the equipment used in the conversion method, where the liquid coolant contains piezoelectric or piezoelectric particles. 73. The method according to p. 72, characterized in that it further includes the circulation of the liquid coolant in a closed loop in order to keep the reaction zone at the required temperature. 74. The method according to p. 72, characterized in that it further includes a device that implements the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant to convert heat from the heat exchanger into energy to power the equipment used in the conversion method. 75. The method according to p. 72, wherein the equipment includes a pump. 76. The method according to p. 72, characterized in that the equipment used in the method for producing fuel is directly driven by a device that extracts energy from the heat exchanger. 77. The method according to p. 76, characterized in that the pressure can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the depth of the reactor. 78. The method according to p. 72, characterized in that it further includes sending heat transfer material underground. 79. The method according to p. 78, characterized in that it further includes regulating the temperature of the heat transfer material by adjusting its circulation speed. 80. The method according to p. 78, characterized in that it further includes regulating the temperature of the heat transfer material by increasing or decreasing the temperature of the organic material. 81. The method according to p. 78, characterized in that it further comprises fracturing the rock before sending heat transfer material underground. 82. The method according to p. 78, characterized in that it further includes sending heat transfer material from an underground location to the heat exchanger. 83. The method according to p. 78, characterized in that it further includes sending heat transfer material from an underground location to the Rankine cycle on an organic coolant. 84. The method according to p. 72, characterized in that it further includes the separation of products into oil, gas and a water-based solution. 85. The method according to p. 84, characterized in that it further comprises sending a water-based solution for the growth of biomass. 86. The method according to p. 84, characterized in that it further includes the combustion of exhaust gas products and the use of energy for heat transfer during drainage. 87. The method according to p. 84, characterized in that it further includes burning off-gas products and using energy to generate electricity. 88. The method according to p. 84, characterized in that it further includes burning off-gas products and using energy to produce mechanical energy. 89. The method according to p. 84, characterized in that it further includes burning off-gas products and using energy to generate heat. 90. The method according to p. 72, characterized in that it further includes sending part of the outgoing products of the second pipeline to supply biomass. 91. The method according to p. 90, characterized in that the biomass is an algae. 92. The method according to p. 90, characterized in that the part of the output products includes carbon dioxide. 93. The method according to p. 72, characterized in that some of the products are used as raw materials for the distillation process. 94. The method according to p. 72, characterized in that some of the products are used as raw materials for the pyrolysis process. 95. The method according to p. 78, characterized in that it further includes cracking the rock.

Images