RU2625174C1 - Water flow baffle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: baffle comprises a water line 1, a vertical branch pipe 2, a well 3, an annular air pipeline 4 with spray nozzles 5 and 6. The spray nozzles 5 and 6 are installed with inclined holes in different directions, and each nozzle is directed up and down at an angle to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the branch pipe 2. A reflective screen 8 with a curvilinear nozzle 10 of the screen 8 is placed coaxially above the outlet opening of the branch pipe 2. The gap changing mechanism 9 can be made in the form of a screw pair to move the reflective screen 8. The well in the lower part is equipped with a transverse partition 11 with bypass ports 12 with an annular inclined apron 13. The annular cavity of the pipeline 4 has a branch pipe 7 for supplying compressed air from a source, which is supplied under the pressure through the spray nozzles 5 and 6 into the cavity of the well 3 filled with the water flow.

EFFECT: increasing the efficiency and uniformity of the distribution of costs, reducing bottom speeds in the flow, improving the reliability of the device and reducing the structure cost.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used to quench the water stream after pressure pipes in the receiving chamber.

A flow energy damper for a tubular water outlet is known, including a tubular head mounted horizontally in a water well with holes in the side walls and a reflector at the end, and the head is made in the form of an expanding truncated cone and is equipped with an expanding swirl of water flow installed at the beginning of the head, and the holes in the side walls of the head are made in the form of transverse slotted perforation, and the water well is made in the form of a truncated half-cone, the taper angle of which is equal to or pain more than the taper angle of the head, in addition, the reflector is made in the form of a round transverse plate with trapezoidal concentric holes, and the transverse slit perforation in the side walls of the head is made using holes with an area increasing to its end (Copyright certificate SU No. 1435690, ЕВВ 8/06 from 11/07/1988).

A disadvantage of the known flow energy absorber is that it cannot control both the upper and lower levels in the well, which means that its efficiency and reliability are reduced, while during operation it is not possible to accurately and flexibly control the flow quenching at varying flow rates in the supply conduit from maximum to minimum. If at the time of quenching, the inflow of water into the well will be less than the well was calculated, then the water horizon in the well will have little effect on the exit of the jets from the holes and thereby wave phenomena, splashes, i.e. automatic regulation of the pressure value is not performed. Such a damper cannot extinguish when a certain level of water in the well is reduced, which limits its use in closed tubular and tunnel outlets.

Known spillway, including located in the body of the retaining structure above the downstream mixing chamber, pressure galleries with gates connected with the upper pool and connected to the mixing chamber towards each other, an air duct communicating the mixing chamber with the atmosphere, a water chamber located under the mixing chamber, and a discharge water conduit connecting the water chamber to the downstream, while it is equipped with a transverse water wall installed in the water chamber under the mixing chamber and made with a concave face turned up and towards the upstream in a quarter of a cylindrical surface, the radius of which is equal to the length of the mixing chamber (Copyright certificate SU No. 1504307, ЕОВВ 8/06 of 08/30/1989).

The disadvantage is that the collisions of the flows in the mixing chamber mainly depart from the center of the chamber, the flattening of the rotating stream is formed due to the rectangular shape of the chamber in cross section, i.e. The square shape of the camera is missing. Another disadvantage is that in the body of the retaining structure - the dam, the chamber is connected to the outlet conduit in the form of a pipe with flooding from the downstream to reduce the kinetic energy of the stream leaving the conduit. However, in such water conduits - this is a small capacity of flooded with exhaust air, in which the movement of the flow occurs in the form of cork flow in it. Thus, from the outlet (slot) in the water chamber, the outlet is located closer to the ceiling of the pipe (water conduit), air accumulation occurs, since the downstream is flooded, and such plugs cannot be completely eliminated. In addition, the possibility of a water hammer is not excluded, which negatively affects the reliability of the structure as a whole, and it is not effective enough when working in the open channel mode due to design flaws, while it is cumbersome and, as a result, material-intensive.

The closest to the proposed purpose, technical nature and achievement of the result is the energy damper of the spillway device, including an underwater pipe, a conical expanding conduit, in which a flow swirl and a reflector with holes are installed, while it contains a vertical chamber in the form of a truncated cone, the surface of which is installed in the well downward, the expanding part is coaxial to the nozzle with the possibility of enclosing a swirler of flow in it and a fixed movement relative to the nozzle, The side wall of the chamber is made with a curved surface in the direction of flow to the outlet windows at the junction of the outer wall of the pipe (Patent RU No. 2484201, EV 8/06 of 01/24/2012).

The disadvantages of the known device: complexity and, as a consequence, a large material consumption, and this leads to a complication of operational reliability, i.e. insufficient efficiency of its operation; the device at the outlet of the well additionally has retaining structures for complete damping of the flow; the location of the telescopic pipe (optional) with a bend eliminates the intake of atmospheric air or the supply of reagent solutions in order to prevent hydrobiological fouling of the outer surfaces of the head. In addition, this device has insufficient perfection of hydraulic local resistance when twisting the flow.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention is to increase efficiency and reduce bottom velocities in the stream and simplify the design.

The technical result is achieved in that in a water flow energy absorber including a submarine pipe, a conically expanding water conduit that is located in the well, a conical expanding water conduit in the form of an outlet pipe is provided with an annular pipe covering the pipe body from the outside, and additional spray nozzles for supplying a compressed air from a power source located in an intermediate annular cavity, the openings of which are inclined to the outer surface in the direction of the side walls of the col ta, the reflective screen is located coaxially with the outlet of the nozzle in the form of an annular nozzle adjustable above it, oriented to the outlet nozzle, connected by a mechanism for changing the gap between them, while the lower end of the screen is additionally made with a continuation of the curved nozzle, the ends of which are oriented in the direction of the outlet branch pipe.

In addition, the mechanism for changing the gap is made in the form of a screw pair.

In addition, the lower part of the base of the well is equipped with a transverse partition with overflow windows and with an annular inclined visor in the direction of the expanding water conduit and in communication with the outlet channel.

The implementation of the absorber from interconnected elements contributes to the quenching of the flow energy due to, firstly, the swirling flow in the reflective nozzle coaxially located with respect to the outlet pipe, and secondly, the annular pipe covering the outside of the pipe has inclined openings through which air under pressure is directed towards the incident water flow into the well, and the holes are oriented in such a way that each nozzle of the annular pipeline is directed towards the side walls of the well. The nozzles are located above the transverse partition with bypass windows and with an inclined annular visor of the partition. In general, this reduces the speed, since the kinetic energy of the water is spent on intensive impact of the flow and air before the water enters the bottom of the well, then the water enters the outlet channel. The transverse partition itself with overflow windows and with an annular sloping visor contribute to a more complete extinguishing of the water that enters the bottom of the well. Moreover, the proposed device is simple in design and will improve the efficiency of the energy absorber. In this case, the working surfaces of the reflective screen and the walls of the well are cleaned above the transverse partition, where the water is in contact with the walls of the well.

The drawing schematically shows a damper energy of the water stream, section.

The water flow energy absorber contains a horizontal section of the water conduit 1, an outlet pipe 2, a well 3, an annular air pipe 4 with spray nozzles 5 and 6 installed by inclined holes in different directions, and each of the nozzles of the annular pipe directed up and down is placed in the vertical end expansion at an angle to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle 2. Above the outlet of the nozzle 2, a reflective screen 8 is coaxially placed above with a mechanism 9 for changing the gap between the upper end of the nozzle 2 and the curvilinear a special nozzle 10 of the screen 8. The mechanism 9 for changing the gap can be made in the form of a screw pair. The well 3 towards the bottom is equipped with a transverse partition 11 with bypass windows 12 with an annular inclined visor 13.

Since a multiple change in the direction of movement of the well discharged from the well above the transverse baffle 11 with the bypass windows 12 with the annular slanting visor 13 down towards the bottom of the well 3 is ensured, in combination with this, the flow of water extinguishes the kinetic energy when the flow velocity reaches the bottom of the well 3. The well 3 is connected to the discharge channel 14.

The annular cavity of the pipeline 4 provides through the nozzle 7 for the supply of compressed air, for example, from a compressor (not shown), then the air enters through the spray nozzles 5 and 6 into the well 3 above the transverse baffle 11. At the beginning of the outlet channel 14, bottom velocities decrease.

The energy absorber of the water stream operates as follows.

The pressure stream from the water supply pipe 1 rises vertically upwards into the expanding nozzle 2. A reflective screen 8 with a curved nozzle 10 creates such a circular swirling flow stream, which is directed downward towards the cavity of the well 3, where it is intensively mixed with water filled with the well 3. Compressed air supplied from the compressor into the cavity of the annular pipe 7, through the spray nozzles 5 and 6, enters the cavity of the well 3, filled simultaneously with water, during which the flow is mixed It moves with air in the direction of the deviation of the side walls of the well 3, a final weakening of the intensity of the circulation flow in it is formed, which leads to the equalization of the pressure diagram, and ultimately prevents flow separation. As a result, under pressure, the water flow enters through the bypass holes 12 in the transverse baffle 11 with an annular sloping visor 13 and completely extinguishes its kinetic energy when it enters the water surface at the bottom of the well 3, which makes it possible to significantly protect the discharge channel 14 from erosion in close proximity to well 3.

The transverse baffle 11 allows you to extinguish the kinetic energy of the flow even before the flow exits through the bypass windows 12, and it also with an annular slanted visor also prevents separation of the flow exiting through the windows 12. The mechanism 9 for changing the gap between the reflective screen 8 with the curved nozzle 10 and the outlet pipe 2 allows change the pressure and flow of water in the direction of filling the cavity of the well 3 at the minimum and maximum flow rate of water from the pipe 2.

Thus, the use of the proposed energy flow damper of the water flow will increase the efficiency and reduce the bottom flow velocity in the well, which reduces the construction cost of the structure, therefore, eliminates the need for an additional well in the downstream channel.

Claims (3)

1. The energy absorber of the water stream, including a submarine pipe, a conically expanding water conduit, which is located in the well, characterized in that the conically expanding water conduit in the form of an outlet pipe is provided with an annular pipe covering the pipe body from the outside, with additional spray nozzles for supplying compressed air from the power source, the pipe is placed in the intermediate annular cavity, the pipe holes are inclined to the outer surface in the direction of the side walls of the well, reflect The main screen is located coaxially with the outlet of the nozzle in the form of an annular nozzle adjustable above it, oriented to the outlet nozzle, connected by a mechanism for changing the gap between them, while the lower end of the screen is additionally made with a continuation of the curved nozzle, the ends of which are oriented in the direction of the outlet of the nozzle. 2. The energy absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the gap change mechanism is made in the form of a screw pair. 3. The energy absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the base of the well is provided with a transverse partition with bypass windows and with an annular inclined visor in the direction of the expanding water conduit and in communication with the outlet channel.

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