RU2623468C1 - Line for pelleting pubescent seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: line for pelleting pubescent seeds contains a frame on which a working element in the form of a bowl with a loading throat, installed with the inclination to the horizon, connected by means of a drive shaft with a drive mechanism, a seed feeding mechanism, an adhesive fluid dispenser, an unloading conveyor, and an extractor device are arranged. Wherein blades are fixed inside the working element, and an air duct with a nozzle is mounted on its fixed axis; a pair of rollers is installed between the seed feeding mechanism and the loading throat, arranged parallel one above the other and having a drive providing their reciprocal rotation with different angular speed and the possibility of feeding seeds to the loading throat of the working element. Each of the rollers is equipped with combs fixed along the roller, and a brush located at the exit of the seeds from the inter-roller space with the contact of the comb along its entire length; an unloading conveyor is installed under the seed feeding mechanism and the rollers with an inclination towards the working element. On the frame under the adhesive liquid sprayer, there is a sloping board with beads, above the inlet of which there is a device for feeding composite materials for seed pelleting, the sloped board is made relief, with openings on the side of the unloading edge; under the openings on the sloping board there is a seed separator, under which hoppers for substandard and ready seeds are located; an opening is made in the hopper of ready seeds in the lower part of it, in which a fan is installed, and above it a grate is mounted.

EFFECT: invention allows to increase the pelleting productivity and quality of pubescent seeds.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a device for presowing seed treatment.

The closest set of essential features is the apparatus for pelleting seeds (AS USSR No. 1510745, publ. 09/30/1989, Bull. No. 36), containing a frame that houses a working body installed with an inclination to the horizon in the form of a bowl with a loading a neck, a drive mechanism, a seed supply mechanism and an adhesive solution sprayer connected by means of a drive shaft to a working body; the shaft is mounted with support bearings on the frame and has a drive pulley, which is driven by an electric motor through a V-belt drive; At the unloading window of the working body, a receiving and unloading device is installed, under which an unloading conveyor and an exhaust device for dust extraction are placed. In addition, the working body is equipped with a plate with its swinging mechanism relative to the axis of the drive shaft, and the seed supply mechanism and the adhesive solution sprayer are installed externally at the mouth of the working body, while the plate is mounted on the upper part of the bottom of the working body, its lower edge is made straight to form together with a vertical plane of symmetry of the working body of an acute angle equal to 16-40 °, directed along the rotation of the working body with the top down, and the side surface of the plate is made in the form and ognutoy in the direction of rotation of the working part of the screw body surface.

The main disadvantages of the apparatus for pelleting seeds are:

- low productivity due to the cyclical feed of portions of seeds for dragee and the cyclical unloading;

- instability of particle size distribution;

- uneven coating of seeds with composite material;

- the possibility of the formation of sticky clumps of seeds during unloading;

- the absence of the operation of drying dragees;

- there is no operation of dragee dividing into fractions.

The invention consists in the following.

The objective of the invention is pelleting pubescent seeds.

EFFECT: increased productivity and quality of pelleting of pubescent seeds.

The specified technical result is achieved by a line for drazhirovanie pubescent seeds, containing a frame on which is mounted mounted with an inclination to the horizon, the working body in the form of a bowl with a loading neck, connected through a drive shaft to the drive mechanism; seed feeding mechanism; adhesive spray; unloading conveyor; exhaust device; blades fixed inside the working body on the inner surface; an air duct with a nozzle mounted on the fixed axis of the working body; a pair of rollers installed between the seed feeder and the loading neck of the working body, parallel to each other and having a drive that provides their counter rotation with different angular speeds and the ability to feed seeds into the filling neck of the working body, each of the rollers equipped with combs fixed along drum, and a brush located at the seed exit from the inter-roll space with touching the comb along its entire length; an unloading conveyor installed under the seed feeder with a bias towards the working body, and its receiving part is located inside the working body below the lower edge of the filler neck, and a similar part is equipped with a scraper under which the adhesive liquid sprayer is mounted; a pitched board mounted on a frame under an adhesive liquid sprayer, above the entrance of which there is a device for feeding composite materials for pelleting seeds, moreover, the pitched board is equipped with sides, has the ability to oscillate on springs due to a vibrator, is embossed and has openings on the discharge edge side, the dimensions of which sufficient for the precipitation of finished pelleted seeds; a seed separator fixed under the holes on the ramp board and under which bunkers of substandard and finished seeds are located; a fan installed in the hole made in the finished seed hopper in its lower part, and a grill mounted above the hole for installing the fan in the finished seed hopper.

The essential features affecting the achievement of the claimed technical solution are:

- placement inside the working body on the inner surface of the blades;

- installation of the duct with the nozzle on the fixed axis of the working body;

- placement between the seed feeding mechanism and the loading neck of the working body of a pair of rollers, each of which is equipped with combs and a brush;

- installation of an unloading conveyor under the seed feeder with a bias towards the working body and with the location of its receiving part inside the working body below the lower edge of the loading neck;

- installation of a scraper on a similar part of the discharge conveyor;

- installation of adhesive fluid under the scraper;

- placement of a pitched board with sides under the spray gun adhesive;

- installation of a device for feeding composite materials for seed pelleting above the pitched board entrance;

- placement of the ramp and vibrator on the springs;

- manufacture of pitched boards with a raised surface;

- making holes in the pitched board on the side of the discharge edge with dimensions sufficient to precipitate the finished pelleted seeds;

- installation under the holes in the pitched boards of the seed separator;

- placement of hoppers under the seed separator for substandard and finished seeds;

- execution in the hopper of the finished seeds in its lower part of the hole with the installation of a fan in it;

- installation of the grate in the hopper of the finished seeds above the hole for installing the fan;

- the implementation of the edges of the combs and bristles of brushes from elastic and non-electrilizable material;

- the implementation of the seed separator in the form of a set of rods fixed to the ramp board and located in parallel, at a distance from each other less than the diameter of the finished seeds, with a bias to the hopper of the finished seeds.

Due to the mechanical and hydraulic separation of the pubescent seeds from their portions, the uniform application of composite materials on them, their separation and drying, as well as the use of technical means that ensure the production line is accurate, high productivity and quality of pelleting of the pubescent seeds are achieved.

The inventive design line for drazhirovanie pubescent seeds has the ability to efficiently and with high performance to coat pubescent seeds with a composite material.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a line diagram for dragging pubescent seeds; in FIG. 2 - view A, FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - view B, FIG. one; in FIG. 4 is a view B, FIG. 2.

The line for dragging out pubescent seeds contains a frame 1, on which a working body 2 is mounted with a slope to the horizon in the form of a bowl with a loading neck 3, connected by a drive shaft 4 with a drive mechanism 5, a seed supply mechanism 6, an adhesive liquid sprayer 7, an unloading conveyor 8, the exhaust device 9, the blades 10 of the working body 2, the fixed axis 11 of the working body 2, the air duct 12 with a nozzle, a pair of rollers 13 having a drive 14, providing their counter rotation with different angular speeds and the possibility of feeding yang into the filling neck 3 of the working body 2, and each of the rollers 13 is equipped with combs 15 fixed along the roller 13, and a brush 16 located at the seed outlet from the inter-roll space with the comb 15 touching along its entire length, scraper 17, pitched board 18 s sides 19, feeder 20 of composite materials for pelleting seeds, springs 21, vibrator 22, holes 23 in the ramp 18, seed separator 24, hoppers of substandard 25 and finished 26 seeds, hole 27 in the hopper 26 of finished seeds for placement of a fan 28 , grille 29, mustache anovlennuyu the bottom of the seed hopper 26 on the finished hole 23 and a set of bars 30 of the separator 24 seeds.

An example of a specific implementation.

At the beginning of the pelleting process of pubescent seeds, such as cotton, the mass has great cohesion due to the cohesion forces formed by the seed down.

Before starting the process of dragging down pubescent seeds, it is necessary to select technical means for productivity that ensure the flow line of the process line, fill the working body 2 with water or an aqueous solution, for example, used for seed dressing, to the level of the lower edge of the filler neck 3, fill the nozzle 7 with adhesive liquid and a feeder 20 composites for pelleting seeds.

The line for drazhirovanie pubescent seeds works as follows.

The pubescent seeds, as a rule, are in a bound state in the form of separate portions, are fed by a feed mechanism 6 between the rollers 13, which are driven in rotation from the drive 14. The drive 14 provides rotation of the upper and lower rollers 13 towards each other at different angular speeds. Along each drum 13, combs 15 are installed, of which there can be two or more on each drum. At the same time, the edges of the combs 15 are made of elastic and non-electrilizable material, which reduces the possibility of injury to the seeds. The combs 15 of the upper and lower rollers 13 have different linear speeds, which ensures the destruction of the cohesion of the seeds and the separation of a larger proportion of them from the seed portions. Seeds that are caught by the cannon on the combs 15 are brushed off by the brushes 16. The pile of the brushes 16 is also made of elastic and non-electrilizable material.

All seeds come through the loading neck 3 into the working body 2, rotating from the drive mechanism 5. The exhaust device 9, located above the feeder 6 seeds, removes dust and light impurities from the seeds. On the inner surface of the working body 2 fixed blades 10, which provide rotational movement of the fluid and seeds received in the working body 2.

The air supplied through the duct 12 to the liquid located in the working body 2, creates an additional chaotic movement of seeds in the working body 2. Due to this, the seeds, not previously separated by rollers 13 from portions of seeds, are separated.

Due to the fact that the specific gravity of the seeds is less than the specific gravity of the liquid inside the working body 2, the seeds separated from the portions of seeds are on the surface of the liquid, are captured by the receiving part of the unloading conveyor 8. The capture of the seeds occurs due to the surface tension of the liquid film on the wetted surface of the conveyor belt 8. To improve the grip of seeds, the surface of the conveyor belt should be of water-wetted materials with a rough surface.

Seeds, separated and moistened, move to a similar part of the unloading conveyor 8, are cleaned from the belt with a scraper 17 and, due to gravity, fall down, passing through the spray 7 of adhesive fluid, are covered with it.

Covered with adhesive fluid, the seeds fall on the ramp board 18, which is paired with a vibrator 22 and mounted on the springs 21. The ramp board 18 vibrates. On its surface by the device 20, a composite material for pelleting seeds is dosed. To reduce seed loss during drazhirovany pitched board 18 is equipped with sides 19. As a result of vibration, the seeds randomly roll over a layer of composite material, which uniformly covers the seeds from all sides, forming a shell. As a result of the directed oscillations, the seeds gradually move along the relief surface of the ramp board 18 to its discharge edge, on which holes 23 are made, the dimensions of which are sufficient for the finished dragged seeds to fall onto the separator 24. The separator 24 can be made in the form of round bars 30 round to each other, welded together sections (Fig. 3), installed with a slope towards the bunkers of substandard 25 and finished 26 seeds, with a distance between them sufficient to roll the finished seeds over their surface into the hopper x seeds 26 and spilling of substandard seeds into the substandard seed hopper 25.

At the bottom of the finished seed hopper 26, a hole 27 is made in which a fan 28 is mounted.

In the hopper of the finished seeds 26, above the hole 27 under the fan 28, a grate 29 is placed, onto which the finished coated pellets fall, dried by the air stream supplied by the fan 27.

Claims (3)

1. Line for dragging pubescent seeds, containing a frame on which is mounted mounted with an inclination to the horizon, the working body in the form of a bowl with a loading neck, connected by a drive shaft with a drive mechanism, a seed feeder, an adhesive liquid sprayer, an unloading conveyor and an exhaust device, characterized in that the blades are fixed inside the working body on the inner surface, and an air duct with a nozzle is mounted on its fixed axis; between the seed feeding mechanism and the loading neck of the working body, a pair of rollers is installed parallel to each other and having a drive that provides their counter rotation with different angular speeds and the ability to feed seeds into the filling neck of the working body, each of the rollers equipped with combs fixed along the roller , and a brush located at the seed outlet from the inter-roll space with touching the comb along its entire length; the unloading conveyor is installed under the seed feeder and rollers with a bias towards the working body, and its receiving part is located inside the working body below the lower edge of the filler neck, and a similar part is equipped with a scraper under which the adhesive liquid sprayer is mounted; on the frame under the adhesive liquid sprayer there is a pitched board with sides, above the entrance of which there is a device for supplying composite materials for seed pelleting, and the pitched board has the ability to oscillate on the springs due to a vibrator, made in relief, with holes on the discharge edge, the dimensions of which are sufficient for precipitation of prepared pelleted seeds; under the holes on the ramp board a seed separator is fixed, under which bunkers of substandard and finished seeds are located; in the finished seed hopper, a hole is made in its lower part, in which a fan is installed, and a grate is mounted above it. 2. Line for drazhirovanie pubescent seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges of the combs and the bristles of the brushes are made of elastic and non-electrolyzable material. 3. Line for dragging pubescent seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed separator is made in the form of a set of rods fixed to a ramp board and arranged in parallel, at a distance from each other less than the diameter of the finished seeds, with a slope to the hopper of the finished seeds.

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