RU2614992C1 - Container for explosive objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation, packaging.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to containers for transportation, storage and explosion of explosive devices or explosives and for bursting of devices stuffed with poisons. The container comprises a metal body of cylindrical shape with flanged plugs installed at the ends and attached to it by means of bolting. Inside the body there is a reservoir made of cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy in the form of a capsule including a bottom part tightly fixed to walls and a detachable cover, besides, the bottom part is made in the form of a disc, diameter of which matches the inner diameter of the body. Capsule walls consist of the following layers: outer, intermediate, filled with dissipating material and inner. The outer layer of the capsule wall is made in the form of a solid cylinder and is integrally fixed with the inner walls of the body.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to develop a container suitable for long-term and short-term storage, transportation and explosion of explosive devices and explosive substances, providing for maximum dissipation of explosion energy with simultaneous protection against formation of striking fragments upon explosion, possible ignition, biological, chemical and radiation contamination.

7 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to containers for transporting, storing and detonating explosive devices or explosives (BB), as well as for detonating devices filled with poisonous substances.

A device for suppressing explosions (US 7490537 B1), which is a cylindrical container with an internal cavity in the form of a truncated cone, in the gap between the internal and external walls of the container there is a space that is filled with water, like a dissipating liquid. The wall thickness is uneven, the difference in the wall thickness is organized in such a way as to direct the blast wave in a safe direction, that is, when neutralizing an explosive or explosive device, people in the immediate vicinity of the device's activation site are less likely to be injured.

A disadvantage of the known device is that it cannot protect against toxic substances due to the fact that the dissipating liquid easily dissolves in itself most of the known toxic substances. In addition, it cannot be used for transportation.

A known container for an explosive device (US 7036418 B2), comprising two shells rotating relative to each other.

A disadvantage of the known container is that it does not provide biological, chemical and radiation protection due to the fact that the structure of the recommended materials, namely Kevlar, s-glass, cannot resist the effects of radiation. In addition, the design of the container does not provide for the fixation of material or a dangerous device inside the container, which means that when moving the contents can be detonated or damaged. The container does not provide for the possibility of blocking for opening or organizing seals, which is extremely important for long-term storage.

A device for storing and transporting ammunition (Patent RU No. 20111149 dated 04/15/1994) containing a pipe with a support located therein, a support ring for the product, and end elements fastened to the pipe and support is located in the support. The support is made of a multilayer composite material in the form of an outer cylindrical shell connected to the end elements, an inner wave-like cylindrical shell, the protrusions and troughs of which are arranged in a spiral, and reinforcement placed between the shells, and the thrust ring is made with a contact surface in shape and size, reciprocal shape and size of the inner surface of the wave-like shell. The design provides fixation of the contents inside due to the clamping mechanism.

A disadvantage of the known device is that the connection of metal end elements and basaltoplastic shell elements essentially represents the contact of two dissimilar materials, so that even with a slight decrease or increase in volume, due to different coefficients of thermal expansion of these materials, the joint can change its parameters and container design is broken. In turn, this can lead to jamming of the clamping mechanism, leakage of hazardous contents and a decrease in the strength of the container.

The closest device of the same purpose to the claimed invention in terms of features is a container for an explosive device (Patent RU No. 2082071 of 06/20/1997), comprising a housing located on top of the cover and a clip located inside the housing. The clip is removable and contains shells of mesh material, between which a flexible sealed container with water is placed, and electrical inputs and a holder with a subversive charge are located in the lid. The known container uses a dissipative layer in the structure and provides detonation of the contents to eliminate it. This device is taken as a prototype.

Signs of the prototype, which coincides with the essential features of the claimed invention, is a metal housing of cylindrical shape with plugs installed at the ends; inside the case is a container; the walls of the tank consist of layers: external, made in the form of a monolithic cylinder, intermediate, filled with dissipative material, and internal.

A disadvantage of the known device adopted for the prototype is the inability to neutralize or reduce fire, biological, chemical and radiation hazards possible with detonation of an explosive substance or device, as well as the absence of fixing means for the contents of the container. The prototype has a warning that when detonating, the container warms up, which is an additional drawback.

The objective of the invention is to provide a container suitable for long and short-term storage, transportation and detonation of explosive devices and explosives, providing maximum dissipation of the energy of the explosion while protecting against the formation of damaging fragments during the explosion, possible fire, biological, chemical and radiation contamination.

The problem was solved due to the fact that in the known container for explosive hazardous objects, including a metal cylindrical body with plugs installed at the ends, a container located inside the body, the walls of which consist of layers: external, made in the form of a monolithic cylinder, intermediate, filled with a dissipating material, and internal, according to the invention, the container is made of cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy in the form of a capsule containing a bottom part, herme adic attached to the walls. and a removable cover, while the bottom part is made in the form of a disk, the diameter of which coincides with the inner diameter of the body, the outer layer of the wall of the capsule is inextricably connected with the inner walls of the body.

In addition, the inner layer of the wall of the capsule is made in the form of a truncated cone, facing a large base to the load, while the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the cone is 5-20 °.

In addition, the capsule cavity is configured to fill the free space between its contents and the lid with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy.

In addition, on the loading side, a cylindrical groove is made in the plug, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the capsule lid, while solder is poured on the surface of the ends of the capsule walls and a wire is laid between the caps lid and the ends of the walls, the ends of which are led into the groove and connected to electrical inputs located in the plug, for sealing the container or in the cavity of the capsule, a wire is inserted, the ends of which are brought into the groove and connected to the electrical inputs located in the plug, and an explosion-proof device is installed on top of the plug The final screen to undermine the contents of the container.

In addition, the free volumes formed in the groove between the body cap and capsule lid are filled with a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy powder.

In addition, plugs are attached to the body by bolting.

In addition, a powder of basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy was used as a dissipative material.

Signs of the proposed technical solution, distinctive from the prototype - the capacity is made of cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy in the form of a capsule containing a bottom part, hermetically attached to the walls, and a removable lid; the bottom part is made in the form of a disk, the diameter of which coincides with the inner diameter of the body; the outer layer of the wall of the capsule is inextricably linked with the inner walls of the body; the inner layer of the wall of the capsule is made in the form of a truncated cone, facing a large base to the load, while the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the cone is 5-20 °; the capsule cavity is configured to fill the space between its contents and the lid with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy; on the loading side, a plug has a cylindrical groove, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the capsule lid, while solder is poured on the surface of the capsule walls and a wire is laid between the capsule and the ends of the walls or a wire is inserted into the capsule cavity and an explosion-proof screen is installed over the plugs for undermining the contents of the container, the ends of the wire are brought into the groove and connected to the electrical inputs located in the plug; the free volumes formed in the groove between the body cap and the capsule lid are filled with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy; plugs are attached to the body with a bolted connection; As a dissipating material, a powder of basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy was used.

The performance of the container in the form of a capsule from a cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy provides, in addition to dissipating the energy of the explosion, inhibition of possible fire, biological, chemical and radiation contamination.

The implementation of the bottom of the capsule in the form of a disk with a diameter matching the inner diameter of the shell and the outer layer of the walls of the capsule inseparably connected with the inner walls of the shell prevents uncontrolled displacement of the contents of the capsule and protects it from possible fire or biological, chemical and radiation contamination.

The execution of the inner layer of the walls of the capsule in the form of a truncated cone, facing a large base to the load, with an inclination angle of the generatrix of the cone of 5-20 ° allows you to direct the residual blast wave so that it propagates upward and not to the sides, which will ensure safety during detonation due to famous explosion trajectory. The angle of inclination of the walls less than 5 ° will not allow you to create a directed motion of the shock wave in the case of detonation. An angle of inclination of more than 20 ° is impractical, this will lead to increased pressure on the walls of the capsule.

Filling the free volumes formed in the capsule cavity between the contents of the capsule and its lid with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy allows you to fix an explosive object and provides an additional repayment of the energy of the explosion products, which helps to provide additional radiation and biological protection.

The presence of a cylindrical groove with a diameter larger than the diameter of the capsule lid on the loading side and solder on the surface of the ends of the capsule walls and wire laid between the capsule lid and the ends of the walls, with the possibility of terminating the ends in the groove and connecting them to the electrical inputs located in the cap , allows you to seal the contents of the container.

The introduction of a wire into the cavity of the capsule, the ends of which are inserted into the groove and connected to the electrical inputs, and the installation of an explosion-proof screen over the plug allows the contents of the container to be detonated.

Filling the free volumes formed in the groove between the cap of the case and the capsule lid with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy allows additional quenching of the energy of the explosion products.

Fastening flange plugs to the housing with a bolted connection provides increased reliability of the external housing design.

The use of a powder from a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy as a dissipative material provides, in addition to dissipating the energy of the explosion, inhibition of possible fire, biological, chemical and radiation contamination.

The proposed container is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1-2.

In FIG. 1 shows a section along the axis of the container.

In FIG. 2 shows the enlarged location of the sealed connection.

The container contains (Fig. 1) a metal case 1 of a cylindrical shape with flange caps 2, 3 installed at the ends. As a body 1, a pipe made of high-strength steel is used. The flange caps 2, 3 are connected to the housing 1 by means of a bolted connection.

Inside the housing 1 is a multilayer container made of cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy in the form of a capsule. The capsule contains a bottom part 4, hermetically attached to the walls, and a removable cover 5 with a handle 6. The bottom part 4 of the capsule is a disk with a diameter matching the inner diameter of the housing 1. The walls of the capsule consist of an outer 7, an intermediate 8 and an inner 9 layers.

The outer 7 layer of the capsule wall is a monolithic pipe with walls parallel to each other and is inextricably connected with the inner walls of the housing 1. The outer 7 layer of the wall is obtained by pouring a melt of basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy using the pipe-in-pipe casting technology.

The inner 9 layer is made in the form of a conical pipe facing a large base to the load with an angle of inclination of the walls 5-20 °. The conical inner layer 9 is obtained from cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy by centrifugal casting technology. The diameters of the outer 7 and inner 9 layers of the capsule are selected so that during assembly from the loading side, a gap is formed between their ends, sufficient to fill the space between them. The space between them is an intermediate layer 8. It can be filled with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy, or another dissipative material, or a dissipating liquid.

The bottom part 4 is attached to the capsule layers 7, 9 with a sealed solder joint based on a frit solder. A hazardous substance or device is placed in the cavity 10 of the capsule. To fix the contents of the capsule, the free space is covered with a powder of basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy.

On the loading side, a flange 3 is machined with a cylindrical groove 11 with a diameter greater than the diameter of the lid 5 of the capsule and a depth that allows the handle 6 of the lid 5 to be accommodated in it.

The free volumes formed in the groove 11 between the plug of the flange 3 of the housing 1 and the cap 5 of the capsule are filled with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy.

On the loading side, in the flange plug 3 are electrical inputs 12 (Fig. 2) for organizing a solder joint during sealing.

If it is necessary to seal the container on the surface of the ends of the walls of the capsule (Fig. 2), solder is poured and wire 13 is laid between the cap 5 of the capsule and the ends of the walls, the ends of the wire 13 are led into the groove 11 and connected to the electrical inputs 12.

If it is necessary to detonate the container, a wire 13 is laid in the cavity 10 of the capsule, the ends of which are brought into the groove 11 and connected to the electrical inputs 12, and an explosion-proof screen (not shown) is installed on top of the plug 3.

The container for explosive objects is used as follows.

A hazardous substance or device is placed in the cavity 10 of the capsule. To fix it, it is covered with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy. Close the capsule with a cap 5 with a handle 6.

If it is necessary to seal the container on the surface of the ends of the walls of the capsule, solder is poured and wire 13 is laid between the lid 5 of the capsule and the ends of the walls. The lid 5 is put on, and the ends of the wire 13 are brought into the groove 11, the wires are supplied with voltage through the electrical inputs 12. Due to their own resistance, they they heat up, melt the solder, when the load is removed, the solder freezes and forms a clutch. Powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy is poured onto the cover 5, then a flange plug 3 is installed and fixed with a bolt joint.

If it is necessary to detonate the wires, they do not lead to the ends of the capsule walls, but to the device or explosives inside the capsule, cover 5 is placed on top, the ends of the wire 13 are brought out into the groove 11, voltage is applied to the wires through the electrical inputs 12, the powder is filled up, and an explosion-proof screen is installed on the load side any design and detonate. The inclined walls of the inner layer 9 of the capsule direct the residual blast wave in such a way that it propagates upward and not to the sides.

Accidental detonation during filling of the container is excluded due to the fact that the material of the cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy, and the powder of solder and frit, and the powder of the basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy are full dielectrics.

Cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy is a dissipative material, it is able to dissipate both the energy of the shock wave and the kinetic energy of moving fragments. The composition of the synthetic mineral alloy is shown in the table.

The alloy was manufactured in accordance with TU 1004-024-05773333-2008.

The multilayer design creates conditions for multiple reflection of waves inside the capsule, which leads to the fact that in the case of authorized or unauthorized detonation, the capsule simply collapses and, together with the remains of the device, remains inside the metal case. In addition, cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloys are not subject to chemical, biological and radiation degradation. They will not allow radiation or toxic substances to leave the capsule or enclosure. Powder cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy is used as a fire extinguishing agent and is able to inhibit fire inside the container. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy, the container body almost does not heat up if the contents detonate.

The dimensions of the container must be selected in accordance with the parameters of the explosive device or the mass of the explosive.

For safety reasons, detonation should be carried out at the training ground, but if necessary, the container can be used to eliminate directly at the place of detection.

Thus, the proposed container allows you to provide:

- maximum dissipation of explosion energy and protection against possible biological, chemical, radiation contamination and fire;

- fixing the content;

- sealing and detonation;

- transportation, long-term or short-term storage;

- destruction of the explosive device in place with safety and precaution.

Claims (7)

1. A container for explosive objects, including a metal case of cylindrical shape with plugs installed at the ends, a container located inside the case, the walls of which are composed of layers: external, made in the form of a monolithic cylinder, intermediate, filled with dissipative material, and internal, characterized in that the container is made of a cast basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy in the form of a capsule containing a bottom part, hermetically attached to the walls, and a removable lid, while the bottom the second part is made in the form of a disk, the diameter of which coincides with the inner diameter of the body, the outer layer of the capsule wall is inextricably connected with the inner walls of the body. 2. The container under item 1, characterized in that the inner layer of the wall of the capsule is made in the form of a truncated cone, facing a large base to the load, while the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the cone is 5-20 °. 3. The container according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity of the capsule is configured to fill the free space between its contents and the lid with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy. 4. The container according to claim 1, characterized in that on the loading side a cylindrical groove is made in the plug, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the capsule lid, solder is poured on the surface of the ends of the capsule walls and a wire is laid between the caps and the ends of the walls, the ends of which are led out a wire is inserted into the groove and connected to the electrical inputs located in the plug for sealing the container or into the capsule cavity, the ends of which are brought into the groove and connected to the electrical inputs located in the plug and over Glushko mounted explosion-proof screen to undermine the contents of the container. 5. The container according to claim 4, characterized in that the free volumes formed in the groove between the body cap and the capsule lid are filled with a powder of a basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy. 6. The container according to claim 1, characterized in that the plugs are attached to the housing by means of a bolted connection. 7. The container according to claim 1, characterized in that the powder of basalt-like synthetic mineral alloy is used as a dissipative material.

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