RU2602639C1 - Aircraft carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding; aircraft engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aircraft carriers structures, particularly, to designs of runways and platforms to accommodate deck aircraft. Proposed is an aircraft carrier made with located one above the other two decks: the main and the additional retractable ones. On the main open deck there is a runway, along which the aircraft parking is arranged. On the additional retractable deck there is a landing strip and a platform, which can also accommodate a parking for aircraft. Additional retractable deck can extend or be moved in the aircraft carrier hull depending on the environment. In the rear part of the additional retractable deck there is a stabilization system made in the form of vessels-pontoons equipped with motor units with screw propellers and supports connected with the additional deck and vessels-pontoons.

EFFECT: technical result is improvement of safety of aircraft landing, higher maneuverability of the aircraft carrier and efficiency of rescue means.

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Description

The invention relates to the design of aircraft carriers, in particular to the device of runways and platforms for accommodating carrier-based aircraft.

There are known designs of aircraft carriers equipped with a runway located on the upper deck, bearing a large number of decked aircraft.

From various media, including print, it is known that landing an aircraft on an aircraft carrier is always associated with difficulties, danger and risk [1]. In addition, accidents due to pilot errors or the formation of air vortices formed behind the aircraft carrier stern are possible. A short landing strip leads to the fact that when landing an aircraft, it sometimes cannot hook onto the air finisher, and the aircraft has to repeat this procedure again. In addition, it is known that the aircraft carrier, having large dimensions, has limited maneuverability, which is especially evident when it is used near the coastline and in closed waters [2, 3]. There is also the problem of saving the crew, which includes, in addition to sailors, pilots and aviation specialists.

Known small two-story aircraft carrier (RF patent No. 2390462), containing located one above the other two open decks. The lower deck is designed for basing and take-off aircraft. The upper deck is equipped with retractable or folding visors and is designed for take-off and landing of aircraft. It is possible to take off and land aircraft in opposite directions to increase the intensity of flight work. However, this is technically difficult to implement due to the provision of landing and take-off of aircraft on the lower deck.

The closest technical solution, taken as a prototype, is an aircraft carrier (RF patent No. 2465177), on the stern of which a platform ramp is pivotally mounted at the level of the upper deck, the width of which is taken depending on the width of the aircraft carrier stern and which slopes obliquely to the sea surface, leaning at the same time on its float, and the ramp platform on top is covered with iron sheets, and on its sides, along the entire length, curbs are fixed. However, the proposed project involves landing the aircraft on an inclined deck and installing a complex system of technical equipment, which requires the development of a new type of ship.

The objective of the invention is to develop the design of an aircraft carrier, ensuring a safe landing of aircraft on an aircraft carrier, as well as having increased maneuverability and increased efficiency of life-saving appliances with increased capacity and autonomy of navigation. An aircraft carrier consists of a hull 1, a main deck 2, designed for basing and take-off of aircraft, a retractable additional deck 3, increasing the length of the landing strip, a support with a stabilization system 4 and pontoon ships 5 (Fig. 1).

The technical result is to reduce the oscillations of the additional deck in both horizontal and vertical planes, ensuring the safety of aircraft landing, increasing the maneuverability of an aircraft carrier and the effectiveness of life-saving appliances with increased capacity and autonomy of navigation. In addition, due to the development of the design of an aircraft carrier capable of increasing the length of the deck and, accordingly, of the runway and landing strip, landing of aircraft on an aircraft carrier is facilitated.

The problem is solved in that: the aircraft carrier includes a main open deck located one above the other with a runway along which the aircraft parking is located, and an additional retractable deck located in the aircraft carrier’s hull under the main deck and made with the possibility of movement from the hull and back, designed to increase the length of the main deck, while the additional retractable deck is also equipped with a runway, and installed in the aft of the additional retractable deck YSTEM stabilization, designed as a pontoon-mounted on the vessels and their supports, damping vibrations, pontoons vessels together with additional deck pontoon vessel equipped with propulsion propellers providing their movement and the movement of the additional deck.

An additional retractable deck is equipped with a platform for aircraft parking.

Pontoon vessels are attached to the additional deck to its rear through supports supporting shock-absorbing vibrations of pontoon vessels by means of detachable type clamps, with the possibility of their detachment from the aircraft carrier and use as a rescue tool.

Pontoon vessels are equipped with towing equipment located in the bow and / or stern.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows an aircraft carrier with a retractable additional deck, pontoon ships and an airplane approaching it; in FIG. 2 shows the options for moving an additional retractable deck using pontoon vessels; in FIG. 3 - the conversion of turbulent air flows behind the aircraft carrier stern into laminar; in FIG. 4 - shows options for the use of pontoon vessels to increase the maneuverability of an aircraft carrier.

This is achieved by the development of an aircraft carrier equipped with two decks of main 2 and an additional retractable 3 located one above the other, which is located beneath it in the body of aircraft carrier 1. On the main 2 deck there is a runway along which there is aircraft parking. On the optional retractable deck 3 there is also a landing strip and a platform on which several aircraft are parked.

This additional retractable deck 3 can be extended or retracted into the hull of an aircraft carrier 1 depending on the situation.

In the lower part of the additional retractable deck 3 for its rectilinear movement relative to the body of the aircraft carrier 1 and in order to increase the structural strength, rail-type beams are installed and fixed along it, which move along rails installed longitudinally inside the aircraft carrier body 1. This allows the additional retractable deck to move 3 both from the carrier’s hull 1 and vice versa. In addition, inside the aircraft carrier’s hull 1, locking devices are installed on the rails for fixing the additional retractable deck in extreme positions. To align the additional retractable deck 3 with the main deck 2 of the aircraft carrier in an extended position inside the body of the aircraft carrier 1 has a lifting mechanism. In the rear part of the additional retractable deck 3, a stabilization system 4 is installed, consisting of supports with a vibration damping system, the basis of which are pontoon ships 5 with propulsion systems with propellers and armament. The supports, on the one hand, are rigidly fixed to the pontoon vessel 5, and on the other hand, from the bottom of the additional retractable deck 3, by clamps with the possibility of their disengagement. The possibility of increasing the length of the deck and, accordingly, the runway and landing strip facilitates the landing of the aircraft. In addition, increasing the length of the deck of the aircraft carrier’s hull in the future will allow the use of aircraft, the use of which is now impossible due to the lack of a steam catapult on them. For example, it is impossible to use AWACS aircraft on Soviet-made heavy aircraft-carrying cruisers. You should also take into account the trend of increasing mass and, consequently, increasing the length of the runway of modern carrier-based aircraft. The support structure of the stabilization system 4 is a shock-absorbing device, mounted on one side on the top of the pontoon, and on the other hand, from the bottom of the additional retractable deck 3 in its rear using detachable fasteners with clamps that allow both docking and separation pontoon vessel 5 from aircraft carrier hull 1.

In order to be able to rotate the pontoon vessel 5, the support of the stabilization system 4 may have a cylindrical shape and consist of two external and internal cylinders, made with the possibility of rotation and longitudinal movement relative to each other. The shock-absorbing device allows you to reduce the vibrations of the additional retractable deck 3 in both vertical and horizontal planes, which facilitates the landing of the aircraft.

The possibility of rotation of the pontoon 5 around the support of the stabilization system allows you to use the propulsion system with the propellers of the pontoon 5 to increase the maneuverability of the aircraft carrier. The use of detachable type fasteners allows you to disengage the pontoon vessel 5 in the event of the death of an aircraft carrier to save the crew, and also, if necessary, use the pontoon vessel 5 as a tugboat. This system operates on an aircraft carrier as follows.

In order to extend the additional retractable deck 3 and thereby increase the length of the aircraft carrier, it is necessary to use pontoon vessels 5. For this, their engines with propellers are used, which, depending on the situation, back up or when the pontoon vessel 5 rotates 360 degrees - front. Thus, the pontoon vessel, together with or without the participation of the propulsion system of the aircraft carrier, creates a thrust that pushes an additional retractable deck 3 from the hull 1 of the aircraft carrier (Fig. 2). Then the deck 3 by means of a lifting mechanism becomes flush with the main deck 2 and is fixed by the locking mechanism. In order to return the system to its original position, the locking mechanism is unlocked and the additional retractable deck 3 is lowered to its original level, then, using the movement of the pontoon vessel 5, the additional retractable deck is returned to its original position. With the extension of the additional retractable deck 3 increases both the length of the landing and take-off strips of the aircraft carrier. Depending on the situation, the aircraft can land both on the main 2 and on the optional retractable deck 3. This will increase its safety during landing. In addition, safety will also increase due to the fact that the extended additional retractable deck 3 will turn the turbulent flows generated behind the stern of the aircraft carrier and interfering with the landing of the aircraft into laminar ones (Fig. 3). If necessary, to increase the maneuverability of an aircraft carrier, pontoons can be used. In this case, at a different position relative to the axis of the aircraft carrier, it is possible to rotate 360 degrees around its axis (Fig. 4). In the compartment, the pontoon vessel, equipped with special towing equipment on the bow or stern, can be used as a tugboat to move the aircraft carrier (Fig. 4). In the case of the death of an aircraft carrier, a pontoon vessel is used as a life-saving tool.

Literature

1. Beshanov V.V. Encyclopedia of aircraft carriers. - Mn-M .: Harvest-AST, 2001

2. Journal. "Foreign Military Review", 2011, No. 7, 2012, No. 8.

3. Encyclopedia "Technique". - M.: Rosman, 2006.

Claims (4)

1. Aircraft carrier, including one located on top of the main open deck with a runway along which aircraft parking is located, and an additional retractable deck located in the aircraft carrier’s hull under the main deck and made to extend from the hull and increase the length of the main deck, this additional retractable deck is also equipped with a runway, and in the aft of the additional retractable deck installed stabilization system, made in the form of pontoon ships and Associated with an additional deck, and the courts of the pontoons, pontoon vessels equipped with propulsion propellers for the propulsion of an additional deck. 2. Aircraft carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional retractable deck is equipped with a platform for accommodating aircraft parking. 3. Aircraft carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the pontoon vessels are attached to an additional retractable deck by means of detachable type latches with the possibility of undocking them from the aircraft carrier. 4. Aircraft carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the pontoon vessels are equipped with towing equipment located in the bow and / or stern.

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