RU2698890C1 - Method of correcting the time of operation of a remote detonating fuse of an artillery shell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to munitions of barrel artillery and can be used in fuses of artillery shells. Method of correcting actuation time of fuse of artillery projectile firing on hinged trajectory, which consists in the fact that before firing, calculation is used to determine time of remote detonating fuse T_p and time, for which projectile under given shooting conditions reaches maximum height T_mmax. Using the hardware, the value of these times is entered into the remote fuse computing device, and a shot is fired. Remote fuse is equipped with a device for determining time for projectile reaching maximum height T_mi. Actual actuation time of remote fuse T_pi shell is determined from the following ratio: T_pi=T_p+(T_mmax-T_mi), where T_pi – actual operation time of remote fuse, T_p – design time of remote device actuation, T_mmax is maximum design time of shell reaching maximum height at specified firing conditions, T_mi is the measured actual time before shell reaches maximum height. In order to determine time of projectile reaching maximum height continuously during projectile flight, difference of readings is measured from two Hall sensors located 180° on the surface of the remote fuse with the working planes parallel to the projectile axis and connected in opposition, and for moment of time corresponding to maximum flight height of projectile T_mi, time corresponding to maximum difference is selected.

EFFECT: disclosed is a method of correcting the actuation time of a remote detonating fuse of an artillery shell when firing on a hinged trajectory.

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Description

The invention relates to ammunition for barrel artillery and can be used in fuses of artillery shells.

Modern artillery shell artillery shells, as a rule, are equipped with two types of fuses, remote - to ensure the operation of cluster munitions and contact or proximity fuses for high-explosive fragmentation and volume-detonating shells, for the correction of the trajectory of which remote devices are used.

The response time of cluster shells is determined by calculating the time at which the fuse detonates the detonating charge of the projectile, taking into account the initial design velocity of the projectile V ₀ and the elevation angle of the gun barrel with respect to the horizon α, using firing tables. This time is introduced into each projectile before firing by setting the calculated response time T _p : manually or using the installer

Cluster shells, as a rule, open at a height of approximately h _p = 1000 m above the terrain.

Based on the known data (V ₀ , α, h _p , ambient temperature, wear of the gun barrel and others), taking into account the laws of motion of the body thrown at an angle to the horizontal, the fuse response time T _{p is} calculated. With this method of calculation, due to the deviation of the initial calculated speed from the actual (V ₁ <V ₀ <V ₂ ) for each projectile, there is a large spread in the opening of shells in range, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of, for example, expensive cluster munitions.

In order to correct the trajectory of shells, a number of developments have recently appeared that provide braking of shells on the falling part of the flight path with the help of braking devices installed in the projectile fuse. The inclusion of such braking devices is provided by remote devices similar to those used in remote fuses (Kuznetsov N.S., Prospects for the use of remote explosive devices // Scientific and Technical Collection of the SSC RF FSUE TsNIIHM named after D.I. Mendeleev // Ammunition, No. 1, 2016, p. 64-68.). Moreover, for the timely inclusion of the braking device, it is necessary to know exactly the specific parameters of the movement of each projectile. The solution to this issue is a complex technical task.

The proposed technical solution allows to solve this problem.

The proposed correction method is put, the fact that the dispersion of projectiles in range depends on the time until the first shot shell maximum height, namely, time T _m. Moreover, it is known that the projectile range is greater, the greater the value of T _m It is also known that the trajectory of the projectiles until they reach the maximum height is much larger than the trajectory of movement on the falling part, which accordingly leads to the maximum contribution to the range of the projectiles in spread depending on the increasing section of the trajectory.

In this regard, to implement the proposed method for correcting the response time of a remote fuse, it is proposed to take into account the actual value of the time each shell reaches its maximum height, namely, time T _mi . In this case, the actual time that determines the response time of the remote fuse device T _{pi is} adjusted. The time T _{pi is} proposed to be determined using the relation:

where T _pi is the actual response time of the remote fuse, T _p is the estimated response time of the remote device, T _{m max} is the maximum estimated time the shell reaches its maximum height under given shooting conditions, T _mi is the measured actual time until the shell reaches its maximum height. In the ratio (1), the values of T _p and T _{m max are} known. They are determined by calculation, using shooting tables. When determining their specific values, it is necessary to provide the condition T _p > T _{m max} . This condition is provided when firing shells on a hinged path with a transition through a maximum height. The values of these times are entered into the computing device of the remote fuse before firing. In practice, one time equal to the sum is introduced into the computing device of the fuse: T _p + T _{m max} . The unknown is the magnitude of the time T _mi , which depends on the actual parameters of the gun-shot system and uniquely characterizes each shot.

To ensure the determination of this time T _mi , various technical devices installed in a remote fuse can be used. The most famous and used in artillery fuses are technical solutions based on the use of global navigation systems, such as GLONASS and GPS. These technical solutions make it possible to determine the coordinates of the projectile with high accuracy continuously during the flight of the projectile, including the ability to fix a point in time corresponding to the maximum height of the projectile.

The most reliable, from the point of view of protection from the effects of electronic warfare, are technical solutions proposed by the author based on registration of air pressure in the projectile zone. A description of one of these solutions is presented in the materials for the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2666378.

In order to simplify the method of measuring time at the time a rotating artillery shell is located at the top of the trajectory, it is proposed to use devices based on magnetometers that use, for example, Hall sensors, which respond to changes in the magnitude of the effect of the Earth's magnetic field on the Hall sensor. As you know, the Hall sensor consists of a semiconductor rectangular plate, to which four electrical leads are connected. If an electric current I is passed along the sample and a magnetic field B is created perpendicular to the plane of the plate, then an electric field will appear on the lateral planes of the plate, which is called the Hall field. It is proposed to install two Hall sensors on the outer surface of the fuse. Moreover, the sensors should be 180 ° apart relative to each other around the fuse circumference, and the sensor plates themselves should be located by the working plane along the axis of the projectile. To exclude the constant component from the sensors, they must be turned on in the opposite direction. Under the influence of the Earth’s magnetic field, an electric field will appear in the sensors. Moreover, depending on the position of the sensor plane (projectile axis) with respect to the Earth's surface, the magnitude of the electric voltage will change. The maximum voltage value will reach when the plane of the Hall sensor plate is perpendicular to the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field, namely, at the moment when the projectile occupies a horizontal position relative to the Earth’s surface. This position of the projectile is observed at the top of the projectile trajectory. The point in time corresponding to this position will determine the time T _mi for each projectile. When the shell rotates, a sinus-shaped signal with a frequency equal to twice the number of revolutions of the projectile will be observed at the output of the Hall sensors. The maximum amplitude in this signal is taken as an informative value.

Thus, the proposed technical solution allows you to take into account the influence of the parameters of the shot on the trajectory of the projectile, thereby, allows you to adjust the response time of the remote fuse.

The above information about the claimed invention, characterized in an independent claim, indicates the possibility of its implementation using the described in the application and known means and methods. Therefore, the claimed method meets the condition of industrial applicability.

Claims (3)

1. The method of correcting the response time of a remote fuse of an artillery shell when firing along a hinged path, which consists in the fact that before firing the calculation determines the response time of the remote fuse of the projectile T _r , using hardware to enter the value of this time into the computing device of the remote fuse, firing, characterized in that before firing, the calculation determines the maximum possible value of the time for which the projectile under given firing conditions is reached has a maximum height T _{m max} , ensure that the conditions T _p > T _{m max} are met, enter the value of this time T _{m max} into the computing device of the remote fuse, equip the remote fuse with a device to determine the time the shell reaches the maximum height T _m and the actual response time of the remote fuse T _pi shell using a computing device fuse is determined from the ratio

2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the device for determining the time when the projectile reaches the maximum height continuously during the flight of the projectile measures the difference in the readings from two Hall sensors located 180 ° on the surface of the remote fuse by working planes parallel to the axis of the projectile and turned on, and for the time corresponding to the maximum projectile height T _mi , choose the time corresponding to the maximum difference in the readings from the Hall sensors.