RU2696418C1 - Boiler with forced circulation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to direct-flow steam and hot-water boilers. Forced circulation boiler comprises a furnace chamber made of screen tubes and a convective part located behind it. Convective part is made of several parallel arranged in vertical collectors interconnected from above and from below by horizontal pipes, and between them – horizontal finned or smooth tubes, interconnected in a zigzag manner through the bends, where one end of the snake is welded to one manifold, and the other – to another vertical header so that when the packages are in a row, pipes connected in a zigzag manner will be staggered relative to similar pipes of the next package, at that, the packages themselves are connected to each other also in a zigzag manner through the bends welded to vertical collectors. Invention is aimed at improvement of boiler repairability.EFFECT: boiler with forced circulation is proposed.1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat and steam and can be used to create once-through steam and hot water boilers.

Known boiler with forced circulation, containing a combustion chamber made of horizontal pipes interconnected by collectors, and a convective part (patent RU No. 2362094, class F24H / 12, publ. 20.07.2009).

A disadvantage of the known boiler with forced circulation is the complexity of manufacturing and repair, due to the large number of welding and assembly work. As well as insufficient efficiency as a result of not optimal distribution of coolant temperatures relative to flue gases.

The technical problem is to eliminate the noted drawbacks. The technical result, the achievement of which the present invention is directed, is the efficiency of the boiler with forced circulation without increasing power.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the boiler with forced circulation containing a combustion chamber made of screen tubes and a convective part located behind it, according to the invention, the convective part is made of several parallel stacks formed of vertical collectors that are connected between each other from above and below by horizontal pipes, and between them by horizontal finned or smooth pipes, interconnected in a zigzag manner through an outlet s, where one end of the snake is welded to one collector and the other to the other vertical collector, so that when the packages are arranged in a row, the pipes connected in a zigzag pattern will be staggered relative to similar pipes of the adjacent package, while the packages themselves are connected between it is also zigzagged through bends welded to vertical collectors.

In FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a boiler;

in FIG. 2 is a side view;

in FIG. 3 is a front view;

in FIG. 4 is a top view;

in FIG. 5 - section aa in figure 2;

in FIG. 6 is a section bb in FIG. 3;

in FIG. 7 - node C in Fig.6;

in FIG. 8 - axonometry of the furnace;

in FIG. 9 - axonometry of the convective part;

in FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a convective portion package.

The forced circulation boiler comprises a combustion chamber 1 (Fig. 1, 8) and a convective part 2 (Fig. 1, 9). The combustion chamber is made of screen tubes 3 and collectors 13. The convective part 2 is made of packages 4 (Fig. 1, 6, 10) formed of vertical collectors 5 (Fig. 9, 10), horizontal pipes 6 (Fig. 5, 10) , and zigzag pipes 7 (Fig. 10)

The boiler is equipped with air vents 16 drains 8. Hot water from the boiler enters the consumer through line 9 and returns to the boiler through line 10.

The proposed boiler with forced circulation in the boiler room (not shown) works as follows. Fuel and air are supplied through the burner 11 to the combustion chamber 1, where the fuel burns with heat. The combustion products are cooled in the convective part 2 and emitted into the chimney (not shown). The heat received during the combustion of fuel is absorbed by water through the heating surfaces — collectors 5, screen pipes 3, pipes 6, and zigzag pipes 7 of the convective part 2. Partitions 12 (Fig. 4) installed in the collectors 13 cause the water to change its direction of movement along screen tubes as shown by arrows. The partitions 12 in the collectors 13 are arranged so that water flows along the same number of pipes 3. This allows you to have the same water speed in the screen pipes, thereby reducing thermal and hydraulic reamers in the furnace part.

The heat carrier from the consumer enters through the line 10, which is also the extreme collector of the last package of the convective part of the boiler, then heated in pipes 6 and 7, where the finned tubes 7 are closed on the outside with reflecting plates 14 (Fig. 7) to increase heat transfer from the pipe edge and the uniform distribution of exhaust gases over the convective section crosses, moves to another vertical collector 5 of the same package 4, where through taps 15 (Fig. 4) it enters the next package and, similarly to the first package, the heat transfer medium subsequently to the collector of another package of the same tubes finned tubes 6 and 7 (FIG. 5) which are staggered relative to an adjacent similar pipe 7 package 4 (Fig. 6, 7). Similarly, the coolant moves sequentially across all packages (the number of packages is determined for each type of boiler size) located parallel to each other and from the collector 5 (Fig. 1, 4, 9) of the nearest package to the combustion chamber also moves through outlets 15 to the collector 13 ( Fig. 1, 4) of the combustion chamber from where it is distributed over the screen tubes of the combustion chamber, where it is heated to a predetermined temperature through the supply pipe 9 to the consumer. Due to the oncoming flows of the temperatures of the exhaust gases and the coolant in the convection part, as well as the large surface area of the convection part due to the finned pipes arranged in a checkerboard pattern, the maximum heat transfer effect and, accordingly, high efficiency are achieved.

During operation, after stopping the boiler, drainage taps 8 are opened to empty it, and when filling it with water, air taps 16 are opened (with closed drains).

Thus, the use in the proposed boiler with forced circulation of the furnace part from screen pipes and the convective part located behind it from several packages formed of vertical collectors to which horizontal pipes are welded above and below, and finned tubes between them, interconnected in a zigzag manner bends, welded from two ends to vertical collectors, which are sequentially interconnected by bends. The bags are installed parallel to each other so that the zigzag-connected finned tubes are staggered. This design allows you to compactly place a large surface of the heat transfer surface with the possibility of good circulation of the coolant with oncoming flows of temperature of the exhaust gases and water. All this increases the efficiency accordingly. Simplifies its design, increases maintainability and efficiency in operation compared to the prototype; makes it possible to create many variants of the same type boilers of various capacities.

Claims (1)

A forced circulation boiler containing a combustion chamber of screen tubes and a convective part located behind it, characterized in that the convective part is made of several parallel stacks formed of vertical collectors that are connected to each other from above by horizontal pipes and horizontal pipes between them finned or smooth pipes interconnected in a zigzag fashion through bends, where one end of the snake is welded to one collector and the other to the other vertical to the collector in such a way that when the packages are arranged in a row, the pipes connected in a zigzag pattern will be staggered relative to similar pipes of the neighboring package, while the packages themselves are also connected in a zigzag pattern through bends welded to the vertical collectors.

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