RU2688058C1 - Device and method of injecting fluid pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering, namely to devices and methods for pressure injection of fluids, and can be used for pumping liquids, gases. Device includes at least one rotatable impeller (1), comprising rear (3), front (4) and main (5) discs installed coaxially with the gap and rigidly connected, for example, by pins (6). Tightness is ensured by shell ring (7). In front disc (4) on the side of the end surface there is an axial inlet hole (8) with branch pipe (9) for supply of the current medium into the gap between front disc (4) and main disc (5). Radial blades (10) are made on adjacent end surfaces of disks (4) and (5). On the periphery of main disc (5) there are holes (11). Rear output disc (3) has outlet branch pipe (12). Inlet (9) and outlet (12) branch pipes form an axis of rotation and rotate in support bearings (13). End connections (14) are used for connection to supply and discharge pipelines.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at elimination of hydraulic losses.

6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to the field of energy, namely, devices and methods for pressurizing fluids, and can be used for pumping liquids, gases and also in the construction of propulsion in shipbuilding.

BACKGROUND

A variety of solutions are known in the art that describe pressure pumps using a centrifugal impeller rotating in a closed case and converting the kinetic energy of the flow into potential pressure energy. However, the use of such structures is one of the main causes of cavitation processes, which in turn limit the maximum wheel speed, cause beats and considerable radial loads, and lead to increased wear. Also, no solution allows to fully get rid of losses caused by leaks through the inner seals of the impeller from the zone of high pressure to the suction zone.

The closest analogue of the claimed group of inventions is a method and a device for injecting pressure fluid, disclosed in the RF patent for invention RU №2617614. The known device contains including at least one rotatable no-blade impeller containing rigidly connected rear and front disks arranged coaxially with a gap, with the fluid inlet in the front disk and on the adjacent end surfaces of the front and rear disks made alternating annular protrusions forming a labyrinth channel for the passage of fluid from said inlet to the outlet formed by said gap m between the disks, said labyrinthine channel having a constant flow area.

The disadvantage of this analogue is leakage through the internal seals of the impeller from the zone of high pressure to the suction zone.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The task of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of analogues.

The technical result of the group of inventions is to eliminate the possibility of hydraulic losses due to insufficient sealing of the impeller.

This technical result is achieved in a device for injecting fluid pressure due to the fact that it includes at least one rotatable closed impeller containing rigidly connected main, front and rear disks arranged coaxially with a gap, and in the front the disk has a fluid inlet with a nozzle that forms an axis of rotation. Similarly made coaxially with the outlet in the rear disk. Radial vanes are located between the front and main discs, and holes are made on the periphery of the main disc, through which the injected medium flows from the discharge chamber between the front and main discs to the output chamber between the main and rear discs. The disks are interconnected peripherally by blind shells and form an airtight container having inlet and outlet coaxially disposed nozzles forming the axis of rotation.

This technical result is achieved in the method of injection of fluid due to the fact that it includes the axial flow of fluid into at least one rotating impeller with subsequent radial distribution of the fluid and its flow through the openings at the periphery of the main disk into the discharge zone between middle and rear discs with subsequent axial exit through the outlet. An impeller is used that contains rear, main and front disks hermetically connected, arranged coaxially, and coaxially arranged inlet for fluid is made in the front disk, radial vanes are located coaxially in the rear disk, between the front and main disks and the disks are connected with blind shells in such a way that they form a sealed vessel with inlet and outlet nozzles. To attach the rotating nozzles to the fixed feeds, face seals are used.

In addition, there are private options for implementing a group of inventions, according to which:

- instead of the radial blades are used annular protrusions on the main and front disks,

- instead of radial blades, perforated radial partitions are used,

- the device additionally provides for a drive rotation of the impeller,

- in order to reduce axial loads, at least two impellers symmetrically located on the same shaft are used, with the pumped liquid being supplied through the nozzles of the wheels directed in different directions, and the removal is carried out through the nozzles directed towards each other.

In contrast to the closest analogue, in the claimed method and device use the injection chamber formed between the main and front discs, and the output formed between the main and rear discs. According to the claimed method does not require a fixed external pump casing, and the inlet and outlet of the injected medium are located coaxially. This ensures that there are no reasons for the occurrence of cavitation, surge and hydraulic leaks from the discharge zone to the vacuum zone.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The claimed device for pressurizing a fluid is illustrated by drawings and comprises at least one impeller (1) rotatable using an actuator (2).

The impeller (1) has a rear (3), front (4) and main (5) discs mounted coaxially with a gap and rigidly connected by means of studs (6). The tightness is ensured by the shell (7). In the framework of this application, the terms "front" and "back" are applied relative to the direction of flow. In the front disk (4), on the side of the end surface, an axial inlet (8) is made with a pipe (9) for supplying fluid into the gap between the front disk (4) and the main disk (5). Radial vanes (10) are made on the adjacent end surfaces of the disks (4) and (5). On the periphery of the main disk (5) there are holes (11). The rear output disc (3) has an outlet (12). The inlet (9) and outlet (12) nozzles are made coaxially, form the axis of rotation and rotate in the support bearings (13). For connection with the inlet and outlet pipes, end seals are used (14). To communicate the rotational motion, a belt drive (15) is used.

The claimed method of pressure injection using the described device is implemented as follows.

Fluid medium (liquid, gas, suspension, liquid-gas medium, etc.), getting through the inlet (9) into the discharge cavity between the front disk (4) and the main (5) with radial blades (10), under the influence of centrifugal forces are rejected to the periphery, where it is forced out through the holes (11) into the output cavity between the main disk (5) and the rear disk (3), from where it is discharged through the outlet nozzle (12). The dotted line shows the path of the fluid.

Claims (6)

1. A device for injecting fluid pressure, comprising at least one rotatable impeller (1) comprising a rear (3), front (4) and main (5) discs connected by means of studs (6), installed coaxially with a gap, characterized in that the front and main disks are rigidly hermetically connected by a shell (7), and in the front disk (4) there is an axial inlet (8) with a nozzle (9) for feeding the current medium into the gap between the front disk ( 4) and the main disk (5), on the adjacent end surfaces of the disk Radial blades (10) or annular protrusions or perforated radial partitions are made in (4 and 5), there are holes (11) on the periphery of the main disk (5), the rear output disk (3) has an outlet (12), an input (9) and the outlet (12) nozzles form the axis of rotation in the thrust bearings (13), and end seals (14) are used to connect with the inlet and outlet pipes. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it further comprises a drive rotation of the impeller. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that used at least two symmetrically located on the same shaft impellers, and the supply of the injected fluid through the nozzles of the wheels, directed in opposite directions, and the removal is carried out through the nozzles directed towards each other. 4. Method of pressurizing fluid, comprising axial flow of fluid into at least one rotating impeller (1), containing rear (3), front (4) and main (5) discs connected by studs (6) mounted coaxially with a gap, characterized in that the front and main disks are rigidly hermetically connected by a shell (7), with an axial inlet (8) with a nozzle (9) in the front disk (4) for feeding the flowing medium into the gap between the front disk (4) and the main disk (5), on adjacent end surfaces of the disks ( 4) and (5) radial vanes (10) are made, on the periphery of the main disk (5) there are holes (11), the rear output disk (3) has an outlet (12), the inlet (9) and the output (12) nozzles form axis of rotation in the thrust bearings (13), and end seals (14) are used to connect with the inlet and outlet pipes. 5. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that it further comprises a drive rotation of the impeller. 6. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that used at least two symmetrically located on the same shaft impellers, and the supply of the injected fluid through the nozzles of the wheels, directed opposite directions, and the removal is carried out through the nozzles directed towards each other.

Images