RU2674075C1 - Electro-hydrodynamical grinding chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: desintegrators and crushing devices.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for destroying cellular structures of plant tissues, for example, shells of the grain during its fine grinding, mixing and homogenization. Grinding chamber comprises a guide tube disposed in the support housing, discharge electrodes disposed on the exit side of the shredded product and connected to a high voltage source, and a separating grid. Guide tube is made of an elastic electrically insulating material with the possibility of deformation towards the support body, at that the support body being made in the form of a cone of electrically conductive material. Guide tube is provided layer-by-layer with electrically conductive discharge inserts that are offset with respect to the electrically conductive discharge inserts of the previous layer by angle 2π/kn, where k is the number of inserts of the layer, and n is number of layers.

EFFECT: grinding chamber allows to increase speed of destruction of cellular structures of vegetative tissues at the established degree of dispersion of grinding.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for the destruction of cellular structures of plant tissues, for example, shells of grain during its fine grinding, mixing and homogenization.

There are known attempts to use the electro-hydraulic effect for grinding solid materials when placing it between two electrodes connected to a high voltage source (L. Yutkin. Electro-hydraulic effect and some possibilities of its application. L., LDNTP, 1959, 16 pp.) [1].

Closest to the claimed is a device for grinding materials using electro-hydraulic shocks, which contains a guide tube placed in a support housing, discharge electrodes located on the output side of the shredded product connected to a high voltage source, and a separation grid (Yutkin L.A. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 567351, В02С 23/00, Device for grinding, mixing and emulsifying materials or cleaning products using electro-hydraulic shocks. 05.15.83) [2].

A disadvantage of the known design is the insufficiently high efficiency of the grinding process due to the dispersion of the material flow at the entrance to the interelectrode zone and poorly developed electro-hydraulic effect, the most effective in the gap between the electrodes.

An object of the invention is to make it possible to increase the rate of destruction of cellular structures of plant tissues at a specified degree of dispersion of grinding.

The technical problem is achieved due to the fact that the electrohydrodynamic grinding chamber contains a guide tube placed in a support housing, discharge electrodes located on the output side of the crushed product connected to a high voltage source, and a separating grid, characterized in that the guide tube is made of an elastic electrically insulating material having the ability to deform towards the support body, and it is made in the form of a cone of electrically conductive material, moreover, yuschaya tube is provided at equidistant annular sections of the same even number of conductive bit inserts, and each of the layers of conductive bit insertion offset relative to conductive bit inserts the previous layer at an angle of 2 π / kn, where k - number of inserts in the bed, a n - number of layers.

The technical result of the invention is achieved by the fact that the grinding of grain in an electrohydrodynamic chamber is carried out by means of an electrohydraulic shock in a whole grain medium in a guide tube to the necessary conditions due to the repeated exposure of the grain to the grain by discharges of conductive discharge inserts of the lower layer placed from the exit side of the crushed grain particles from the guide pipe , or, if necessary, electrically conductive discharge inserts of higher lying layers placed along the height of the pipe guide s and during its deformation in contact with the supporting body. The necessary dispersion is ensured by the action of high-voltage discharges around the entire passage section of the pipe by connecting conductive inserts placed along the height of the guide pipe at evenly spaced sections and having an offset of 2 π / kn, where k is the number of inserts in the layer, and n is the number of layers.

The essence of the proposed device is illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of an electrohydrodynamic grinding chamber, which shows: pos. 1 - a directing pipe; pos. 2 - conductive discharge inserts; pos. 3 - supporting body; pos. 4 - sections of different layers of the placement of conductive discharge inserts; pos. 5 - conductive discharge inserts of the lower layer; pos. 6 - separating grate.

In FIG. 2 shows a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guide tube, in which high voltage discharge electrodes are placed, placed diametrically opposite to each other, which shows: pos. 7 - wire; pos. 8 - contact.

The electrohydrodynamic grinding chamber consists of a guide tube (1) (as an option, made of flexible electrically insulating material, for example silicone rubber), which is able to deform towards the supporting body (3). The support housing (3) (as an option, is made in the form of a cone from an electrically conductive material, for example, X8H9T stainless steel). The guide tube (1) on the outside is provided in equally spaced annular sections with the same even number of conductive discharge inserts (2) (as an option, copper, high voltage discharge electrodes). Electrically conductive discharge inserts (2) are fixedly fixed on the inner wall of the support housing (3).

Works electrohydrodynamic grinding chamber as follows. In the normal mode, the grain enters from above into the guide tube (1) into the zone of the installed conductive discharge inserts of the lower layer (5) and is subjected to electrohydrodynamic (EDH) action, after which it is destroyed to the pulp and passes through the separating grate (6). In the event that the degree of grain refinement exceeds the size of the pulp and it does not pass through the separating lattice (6), it accumulates in the guide tube (1), which leads to its deformation (expansion). Deformation of the guide tube (1) allows the first row of electrically conductive discharge inserts (2), fixed on the outside, to be fixed to the support housing (3) to which voltage is applied through the wire (8) and contact (9) to come into contact, an additional EHD effect of grain particles. In the case of a sufficient effect and an increase in the deformation of the guide tube (1), the conductive discharge inserts (2) of the next layer are turned on.

An experiment in October 2017 at the LLC “Proektintertekhnika” company revealed a positive trend in reducing the time by 20% of the grinding of cell structures compared to traditional methods.

The advantage of the EHD method of grinding grain is that when they hit a hard surface of the walls of the grinding chamber and against each other, the shells, endosperm and other components are crushed, and during subsequent strokes, grinding even more, pass through a sieve, releasing the contents of the grinding chamber.

Thus, the electrohydrodynamic grinding chamber has a novelty and significant differences from the prototype, makes it possible to increase the rate of destruction of cellular structures of plant tissues and the required dispersion of the resulting product. The proposed device can be used in law enforcement agencies, when organizing the production of bread in remote areas and extreme conditions.

Bibliography

1. Yutkin L.A. Electro-hydraulic effect and some possibilities of its application. L., LDNTP, 1959, 16 pp.

2. Yutkin L.A. RF patent No. 567351, В02С 23/00, Device for grinding, mixing and emulsifying materials or cleaning products using electro-hydraulic shocks. 05/15/83.

Claims (1)

Electrohydrodynamic grinding chamber containing a guide tube placed in a support housing, discharge electrodes located on the exit side of the crushed product connected to a high voltage source, and a separating grate, characterized in that the guide tube is made of an elastic electrically insulating material that can be deformed towards the support case, and it is made in the form of a cone of electrically conductive material, and the guide tube is provided in equally spaced rings O sections of the same even number of conductive bit inserts, and each of the layers of conductive bit insertion bit offset relative to conductive inserts of the previous layer by an angle 2π / kn, where k - number of inserts in the bed, a n - number of layers.

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