RU2664088C1 - Drive of the locking mechanism of the emergency door of the aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to passenger aircraft construction and concerns the drive of the locking mechanism of the emergency door of an aircraft. Drive comprises a drive shaft with an actuator connection member, an inner and outer handles, an outer handle housing provided with a bushing and fastening elements on the door leaf, an external handle lock. At the same time, an inner handle is mounted on the first end of the drive shaft, and its second end is located in the bushing. Actuator also comprises an outer shaft, a pin, a cup with two through coaxial holes, which can be pivotally fitted onto the sleeve and fixed by an elastic retainer with respect to it. Drive shaft passes through an axial hole made in the bottom of the cup. At the end of the inner shaft, a cavity is formed in the form of a blind axial hole and two transverse slots. At the first end of the outer shaft, an external handle is pivotally mounted, made in the form of a rocker arm with a handle at one end and an abutment on the other. Second end of the outer shaft is provided with a through longitudinal slot and is inserted into the cavity of the drive shaft, and the pin passes through the transverse holes of the cup, and also through the transverse slots of the drive shaft and the longitudinal slot of the outer shaft.EFFECT: simplicity and reliability of the design ensuring the opening of the door both from the inside and outside is achieved.5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to passenger aircraft, but can also be used in other areas of transport engineering, as well as in construction.

The problem initiating the creation of the invention is as follows: emergency doors are a mandatory component of the security system of passenger aircraft. In this case, the drive of the locking mechanism should ensure guaranteed opening of the locking device both from the inside and the outside and position the outer handle “flush” with the outer door contours after opening and closing the exterior, since the protruding parts on the aircraft fuselage cause an additional increase in aerodynamic drag In addition, the drive must be reliable and reusable.

A device for opening the cover of the emergency hatch of an aircraft (SU 747058 A1, IPC В64С 1/14, В64С 1/32, publ. 10.12.2004), which contains an opening mechanism equipped with a locking power cylinder, and a handle associated with this mechanism, namely, with a locking power cylinder, with the possibility of rotation. The configuration of the handle of the handle repeats the curvature of the emergency hatch cover and the shape of the contour made in the lid of the recess under the porthole. In this recess, the handle has the ability to be placed in the closed position of the lid. When the lid is closed, the handle is located in the recess. To open the lid, the handle is rotated “by itself”, while the power cylinder is unlocked, the opening mechanism is brought into a unlocked state and the lid is able to open.

Known Drivers for opening emergency hatches of aircraft (US patent 8998141 (B2), IPC B64C 1/32, E05B 65/10, publ. 2015.04.07, and also patent DE 4124377 (C1), IPC B64C 1/14, B64D 25 / 08, published 1992.12.17), including hydraulic cylinders mounted on support frames inside the fuselage, connected by rods to the hatch. Emergency opening of hatches from the inside is carried out by hydraulic actuators that create an opening force and open the hatches.

The disadvantages of these devices are the inability to drive to open the locking device from the outside, as well as the need to use electricity to operate the hydraulic system, since in the event of a power failure, an emergency opening cannot be made.

Known drive locking mechanism of the side hatch of an amphibian aircraft (patent RU 2186710 C2, IPC B64C 1/14, B64C 35/00, publ. 10.08.2002), which is a shaft with an element for attaching a locking mechanism, equipped with a double-sided handle for opening it as inside and out. When you turn one of the handles to open, the other handle is rotated.

The disadvantage of the drive is that the movement of the external and internal handles must occur simultaneously and, in the event of an accident and blocking of the external handle, it will not be possible to move the actuator from the inside.

The closest analogue prototype to the invention is the Drive locking mechanism of the door of the aircraft (US 4510779 A, IPC EV 05/10, EV 05/10; publ. 04/16/1985), allowing you to open the locking device both inside and outside, containing the drive shaft , internal and external handles, the body of the external handle, equipped with a sleeve and elements for fixing on the door leaf. At the same time, an inner handle is installed on the first end of the drive shaft, and the second is located in the sleeve sleeve of the outer handle. The outer handle is made in the form of an articulated beam, at one end of which there is a handle, and a hook on the other. The drive locking mechanism when unlocking-locking is carried out by turning the drive shaft. When turning from the inside, the internal handle is used, in this case the external handle is in a fixed position, is located in the housing and is held in this position by the latch of the external handle relative to the housing. When opened from the outside, the latch is released and the outer handle is removed from the housing, the hook comes into contact with the second end of the rotary shaft and the drive shaft is rotated from the outside.

The disadvantages of the technical solution are the increased requirements for the positioning of the structure, causing a loss of operability, and the presence of small parts in the nodes of the transmission of power moments, causing a loss of operability in the event of unauthorized exposure in flight, complicating the design and reducing maintainability, in addition, it is impossible to move the actuator to the closed position without changing the position of the outer handle.

When developing the invention, the task was to create a simple, but reliable in design and repair of the design of the drive mechanism for the locking mechanism of the emergency door of the aircraft, ensuring the door is opened both from the inside and outside.

The problem is solved by means of a drive device containing a drive shaft with an element for attaching the actuator, an inner and outer handle, an outer handle housing provided with a sleeve and elements for fixing to the door leaf, an outer handle retainer relative to the housing, an inner handle is installed on the first end of the drive shaft and its second end is located in the sleeve, the outer shaft, finger, glass, with two through coaxial holes, worn on the sleeve with the possibility of rotation and fixed relative to it by an elastic lock, the lock of the outer handle relative to the housing, while the drive shaft passes through an axial hole made in the bottom of the glass, a cavity is made in the end of the internal shaft in the form of a blind axial hole, and two opposite transverse cuts forming opposite segmented cutouts in the area of this cavity; an outer handle is pivotally mounted on the first end of the outer shaft, made in the form of a rocker arm with a handle at one end and an emphasis on the other, in addition, the second end of the outer shaft is made with a through longitudinal slot and inserted into the cavity of the drive shaft, and the finger passes through the transverse holes of the glass as well as through the transverse slots of the drive shaft and the longitudinal slot of the outer shaft.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention is to expand the arsenal of technical means and to increase the reliability of the design.

The following special cases of execution are also provided.

To improve the trajectory of the outer handle during opening from the outside, the outer handle housing may include guides for guiding the movement of the thrust end of the outer handle.

To ensure automatic cleaning of the outer handle after opening, the latch of the outer handle relative to the housing can be made elastic.

To achieve an increase in the opening moment, the handle of the outer handle may be telescopic.

To increase the coefficient of unification of the device, the elastic retainer of the glass relative to the sleeve can be made in the form of a torsion spring.

For greater structural stability, the drive shaft can be pressed against the bottom of the cup by a compression spring.

The invention is illustrated using the following graphic materials:

FIG. 1 - drive locking mechanism of the emergency door of the aircraft;

FIG. 2 is a section A-A of FIG. 1 in the initial state of the drive;

FIG. 3 is a section A-A of FIG. 1 with the position of the outer handle corresponding to the beginning of opening or closing the door from the outside;

FIG. 4 - section BB FIG. one;

FIG. 5 is a view In FIG. 3.

The drive of the locking mechanism of the emergency door of the aircraft (Fig. 1, 2, 4) contains: a drive shaft (1) with an element for connecting the actuator (9), the inner (2) and outer (3) handles, the body of the outer handle (4), equipped with a sleeve (5) and elements (6) for fixing on the door leaf (12), a latch (27) of the external handle relative to the housing (4), while an internal handle (2) is mounted on the first end (13) of the drive shaft, and the second end (14) is located in the sleeve (5), the outer shaft (15), the pin (16), the glass (10), with two through coaxial holes mi (24), worn on the sleeve (5), rotatable and fixed relative to it by an elastic retainer (11) and a retainer (27) of the outer handle relative to the housing (4), while the drive shaft (1) passes through the axial hole (17 ), made in the bottom of the glass (10), and can be pressed to the bottom by a compression spring (7) for greater structural stability.

At the end of the inner shaft, a cavity (18) is made, in the form of a blind axial hole, and two transverse slots (19) forming opposite segmented cutouts in the area of this cavity, an outer handle (3) is pivotally mounted on the first end (20) of the outer shaft ), made in the form of a rocker arm with a handle (25) at one end and an emphasis (26) on the other, in addition, the second end (22) of the outer shaft is made with a through longitudinal slot (23) and inserted into the cavity (18) of the drive shaft ( 1), and the finger (16) passes through the transverse holes (24) of the glass (10), as well as across s slot (19) of the drive shaft (1) and a longitudinal slot (23) of the outer shaft (14).

At the same time:

- the outer handle housing may include guides (29, 30) for guiding the movement of the thrust end (26) of the outer handle (Fig. 5);

- the latch (27) of the outer handle relative to the housing (4) can be made in the form of a releasable grip or elastic, for example, in the form of a compression spring, pivotally fixed at the fixation points of the spring and allowing the elements of the outer handle (3) to perform translational-rotational movements (Fig . 3);

- elastic retainer (11) of the glass (10), relative to the sleeve (5), can be made in the form of a torsion spring;

- the handle of the outer handle can be telescopic, which will increase the torque on the outer shaft to move the actuator.

To increase the coefficient of unification of the device, the elastic retainer (11) of the glass (10), relative to the sleeve (5), can be made in the form of a torsion spring.

Parts included in the drive can be obtained using generally accepted technologies of casting, machining, stamping, etc.

Hydraulic springs, as well as compression springs for machine tools in accordance with GOST 13165-67, for light loading, structurally adapted as torsion springs, the shape of the ends and the location of the attachment points is chosen by design, with the aim of functional achievements.

Assembly of the drive can be carried out in the following sequence:

- insert the sleeve (5) into the hole of the door leaf (12) (the location is worked out by the designer of the airframe);

- fix the body of the outer handle (5) to the door leaf by means of fastening elements (6) (for example, holes for bolts);

- put the glass (10) on the sleeve (5);

- carry out the fixing of the glass relative to the sleeve sleeve of the outer handle;

- insert the drive shaft (1) with the second end (14) into the hole of the glass (10);

- put on the drive shaft a compression spring (7) until it stops in the bottom of the cup and fix it relative to the shaft in the axial direction, for example, with a plate with crackers (8) (this process operation is performed in the case of a special case of execution);

- pass the finger (16) through the transverse holes (24) of the glass (10), as well as through the transverse slots (19) of the drive shaft (1) and the longitudinal slot (23) of the outer shaft (14), while the second end of the drive shaft is positioned in a sleeve, and the second end of the outer shaft in the cavity of the drive shaft;

- connect the shaft of the drive shaft, prepared for installation of the drive element, for example by a groove under the key (9) or profile grooves, with the actuator locking mechanism;

- set the outer and inner handles, respectively.

In the initial position: (Fig. 2), the outer handle (3) is located in a recess (28) of the housing (4) and is fixed relative to it by a latch (27), the glass (10) is fixed by an elastic latch (11) relative to the sleeve (5).

Opening and closing the locking mechanism is carried out by turning the drive shaft (1), which is connected to the actuator by means of an element for connecting the actuator (9), while the elements of the actuator, for example, rods, are moved by means of a rocker mounted on the drive shaft, as disclosed in Patent “A door for an airplane and a door hinge mechanism” RU 2548644 C1, IPC B64C 1/14, B60J 5/04, publ. 04/20/2015, or by directly turning the bolt of the vehicle’s lock, as disclosed in international application WO 2011141320 A1, IPC E05B 65/32, publ. 11/17/2011.

In the case of opening the locking mechanism from the inside of the fuselage, the drive shaft (1) is rotated directly by the internal handle (2) (Fig. 2), while the shaft is rotated and segment cutouts (19) allow the drive shaft to slide freely relative to the finger (16).

After the opening is made, the transverse slots contact the finger with the sides as stops, corresponding to the opening or closing. The constipation remains in the open or closed position and can be moved to another position by free rotation in the other direction. In this case, the outer handle remains in the housing.

In the case of opening or closing the locking mechanism from the outside, the outer handle is withdrawn from the housing by rotation relative to the hinge (21) to a position (Fig. 3) at which it will be ergonomically convenient to rotate the outer shaft (15) with this handle. If necessary, the handle extends telescopically, increasing the torque on the outer shaft. When the outer handle is moved to the “open-close” position (Fig. 5), the stop (26) moves in the longitudinal guide (29). The rise of the handle (25) relative to the surface of the niche (28) of the outer handle body (4) is provided with the ability to move the outer shaft (15) relative to the finger (16) within the longitudinal slot. (22).

The rotation of the drive shaft (1) is carried out by turning the outer handle (Fig. 3, 5). In this case, the sides of the slots (23) abut against the finger (16) and it rotates, which is allowed due to the elasticity of the retainer (11) of the glass relative to the sleeve (5) of the housing (4). Upon contact of the finger with the side walls of the transverse slots (19), the opening moment is transmitted to the drive shaft (1) and provides movement of the actuator, after the termination of the moment on the outer shaft, the elastic lock (11) moves the glass (10) to its original position. In this case, the drive shaft does not rotate due to the free sliding of the finger in its transverse slots.

The external handle is reset to its initial state by turning it relative to the hinge (21), moving the external shaft within the longitudinal slot and fixing the handle. In the case of an elastic lock, the transfer of the outer handle to its original position will be performed automatically.

Obviously, in cases of opening and closing, similar processes occur, differing only in the direction of rotation.

The use of the invention as the design of the drive mechanism for the locking mechanism of the emergency door of the aircraft is unknown, therefore, the arsenal of technical equipment is expanding, in addition, it is obvious that since the design differs from the selected prototype in the simplicity and lack of small parts on the nodes transmitting power moments, reliability is increased.

Claims (5)

1. The drive locking mechanism of the emergency door of the aircraft, comprising a drive shaft with an element for attaching the actuator, an inner and outer handle, an outer handle housing provided with a sleeve and elements for fixing to the door leaf, an outer handle retainer relative to the housing, at the first end of the drive the shaft has an internal handle, and its second end is located in the sleeve, characterized in that it contains an external shaft, a finger, a glass with two through coaxial holes, worn on the turnable shaft and fixed relative to it by an elastic retainer, while the drive shaft passes through an axial hole made in the bottom of the glass, in the end of the inner shaft there is a cavity in the form of a blind axial hole and two transverse cuts forming opposite segmented cutouts in the area of this cavity, an external handle is pivotally mounted on the first end of the outer shaft, made in the form of a rocker arm with a handle at one end and an emphasis on the other, in addition, the second end of the outer shaft is made through ith a longitudinal slot and inserted into the cavity of the drive shaft, and the finger passes through the transverse openings of the glass, as well as through the transverse cuts of the drive shaft and the longitudinal slot of the outer shaft. 2. The drive locking mechanism according to claim 1, in which the handle of the outer handle is made telescopic. 3. The drive of the locking mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, in which the housing of the outer handle comprises guides for guiding the movement of the thrust end of the outer handle. 4. The drive of the locking mechanism according to claim 1, in which the latch of the outer handle relative to the housing is elastic. 5. The drive of the locking mechanism according to claim 1, in which the elastic retainer of the glass relative to the sleeve is made in the form of a torsion spring.

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