RU2651831C1 - Method for development of a high slope coal layer by flows on the skate and section of the shield support of the mining face for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to development of high inclined coal seams. Development method includes the preparation of the excavation column by conveyor and ventilation drifts, the preparation of the excavation strip by flanking and passing skates along the falling line on both sides of the strip, installation of a mounting chamber at the ventilation drift, installation of securing sections in it, mechanized layering of coal in the mining face, giving the soil every slope to the skate, forced coal transport along the face in the direction of the flank slope with the slope of the layer bed towards the near slope and towards the near slope with the bed slope of the layer towards the flank slope and the ventilation of the mining face due to general mining depression. Each support section on the side of the worked-out space is connected by flexible connections to the container, and a trough with high sides is built behind the pivot fence. Lateral gap that appears between the supports during the movement is covered by the container at the soil of the formation, at the roof – by the side of the gutter of the movable section of the support. In the part of the mining face with a slope of the soil layer towards the near slope, a lateral gap is cut between the sections of the support from the side of the nearest slope. In the part of the mining face with a slope of the layer bed towards the flanking slope, a lateral gap between the sections of the support from the side of the flank slope is blocked. In the part of the mining face in the zone of change in the angle of inclination of the soil layer, the lateral gaps between the securing sections on both sides overlap.

EFFECT: invention allows improving efficiency and safety of development.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to mining, in particular, to the development of powerful inclined coal seams with long posts along the strike, taken out by strips along the dip, as well as to the fastening of the working face and relates to the construction of powered support to maintain the working space in the working face.

A known method for the development of inclined and steeply inclined coal seams according to the “Long Pillar Along” system, including preparing a excavation column by carrying out conveyor and ventilation drifts, an assembly chamber, installing integrated mechanization means therein, digging coal with a shearer, maintaining a face with mechanized lining sections and transport beaten coal along the face (Method for the development of inclined and steeply inclined coal seams. / Patent 2332566 of the Russian Federation, filed December 15, 2006, No. 2006144796, op Amended on August 27, 2008, Bulletin No. 24). The disadvantage of the analogue is that when the formation occurs at an angle of 25 or more degrees to the horizon, the support sections slide along the line of formation fall, increasing the likelihood of an accident in the working face and requiring increased material costs to compensate for the indicated sliding or to prevent it.

The closest analogue of the technical solution as a development method, adopted as a prototype, is a method for developing a powerful steeply inclined coal seam with falling strips, including preparing a excavation column by carrying out conveyor and ventilation drifts, preparing a excavation strip by conducting a flank and near slopes along the falling line on both sides of the strip , holding a mounting chamber at the ventilation drift, mounting support sections in it, mechanized layer extraction of coal in the working face with the soil of each slope slope towards the slope, the forced transport of coal along the face towards the flank slope when the slope of the layer slopes toward the near slope and towards the near slope when the slope of the layer slopes towards the flank slope, holding a pivot chamber outside the excavation strip in the soil rocks formation, changing places and turning in it the means of mechanization, changing the direction of the slope of the soil layer and airing the face due to the mine depression (Method for developing a powerful steeply inclined coal seam by wasps dip. / Patent 2461713 of the Russian Federation, pending. 02.21.2011, No. 2011116521; publ. 09/20/2012, bull. No. 26).

The disadvantage of the prototype is that when developing an inclined formation (formation angle 25 ... 35 degrees to the horizon), the thickness of the layer to be removed requires an almost twofold horizontal component of the movement of the lining sections. This means that with a decrease in the thickness of the layer to be removed, the number of layers for working out the excavation strip increases, therefore, the “mileage” of the mechanization means, including idle, will be greater, and an increase in the power of the layer to be removed will require a twofold (or more) increase in the number of cycles of support support . If you do not increase the number of cycles of support support, but increase the step of movement, then there will be lateral gaps between the support sections, through which breakdown of broken rocks from the fixed space into the working space is possible. In both cases, the development efficiency of an inclined coal seam is reduced, as well as the safety of mining operations.

A known section of the lining of the stope of a steeply inclined coal seam containing the base, overlap, hydraulic struts, steps forming a ladder in the internal space of the section, side rails, jacks and slopes (Support the stope of the stope of steeply inclined coal seam. / Patent 2348812 of the Russian Federation; application. 20.06 .2007, No. 2007123230, publ. March 10, 2009, bull. No. 7). The disadvantage of the analogue is that the movement of the roof support sections can only be done in one specific order - “from left to right” or “from right to left”, depending on which side the side rails are welded on. It is impossible to install side rails on both sides due to the fact that then the space will be blocked for the personnel to move from one section to another.

The closest analogue of the lining section, adopted as a prototype, is the section of the mechanized lining of the stope, containing a base rigidly connected to the fence normally oriented towards it from the obstructed side, a rotary fence to which one or two layers of the knurl are attached by flexible connection from the side of the worked out space , hydraulic ram jacks mounted on the sides of the base and the steps forming a staircase in the inner space (Method for developing a powerful steep incline coal seam stripes in the fall. / Patent 2461713 of the Russian Federation, application. 21.02.2011, No. 2011116521; publ. September 20, 2012, bull. No. 26).

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the lack of a spacer support lining, ensuring the maintenance of the working space;

- the absence of side fences that protect the working space from the breakthrough of collapsed rocks from the side (in the lower part of the working space adjacent to the soil of the reservoir);

- the absence of fences protecting the working space from the breakthrough of collapsed rocks from above.

These disadvantages reduce the development efficiency of an inclined formation using the support sections of this design.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the development of powerful inclined coal seams by increasing the thickness of the removable layer and the step of moving the lining sections, as well as the development safety by closing the gap between adjacent lining sections depending on the direction of the slope of the soil of the part of the removed layer.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of developing a powerful inclined coal seam with strips in the fall, including the preparation of the excavation column by carrying out conveyor and ventilation drifts, the preparation of the excavation strip by conducting the flank and near slopes along the fall line on both sides of the strip, the mounting chamber of the ventilation drift, installation of support sections in it, a mechanized layer excavation of coal in the working face, giving the soil a slope towards the slope, forced transport for along the bottom towards the flank slope when the layer soil is sloping towards the near slope and towards the near slope when the layer soil is sloping towards the flank slope, holding a reversal chamber outside the excavation strip in the formation soil rocks, interchanging and reversing mechanization means in it, changing the direction of the slope of the soil of the layer and airing the face due to the shaft depression, in accordance with the technical solution, each lining section from the side of the worked out space is connected with a container by flexible connections, and a gutter with high sides is constructed with a fence, the lateral gap that appears between the lining sections during moving is blocked at the soil of the reservoir with a container, at the roof - with the side of the gutter of the movable lining section, and in the part of the working face with a slope of the soil layer to the side of the near slope overlap the lateral gap between the lining sections from the side of the near slope, in the part of the working face with the slope of the soil layer to the side of the sloping slope, overlap the lateral gap between the support sections from the side of the slope, and in the part of the working face in the zones change soil layer inclination angle side overlap gaps between sections of lining on both sides.

This goal is also achieved by the fact that in the section of the mechanized lining of the face, containing the base, rigidly connected to the guard normally oriented towards it from the obstructed side, a swivel guard, an overlap, hydraulic racks, jacks for moving and steps forming a ladder in the interior of the section, in in accordance with the technical solution, on both sides of the swivel guard on the side of the worked-out space, the sides are pivotally mounted, in the working position forming a gutter with the bottom to There is a rotary fence, the sides, the height of which is approximately equal to the planned thickness of the layer to be removed, are mounted with the possibility of telescopic movement along the fence, on the obstructive side the section is connected to an open type metal container, the height of which is not more than the height of the fence normally oriented to the base, the width is section width, and the length is determined by the ratio

,

,

where l is the length of the container, m,

m _{with the} power of the removed layer, m,

α - formation angle, degrees

The invention is illustrated by diagrams. In FIG. 1 shows the preparation and development of the excavation strip; in FIG. 2 - layout of the lining section in the working position; in Fig 3 - the same in the transport position; in FIG. 4 - compliance of the geometrical dimensions of the lining with the technological parameters of development; in FIG. 5 - the output of the combine outside the excavation strip; in FIG. 6 - reversal camera (plan view).

The method can be implemented as follows. A long extraction column is prepared by carrying out conveyor 1 and ventilation 2 drifts. The excavation strip is contoured by holding a coal slope 3 at the far boundary of the column (on the flank) near the formation soil and near the boundary - carbon slope 4, in which the coal drain sections are adjacent to the excavation strip. At the ventilation drift 2, a mounting chamber 5 is constructed in which sections of the powered roof support 6 of the treatment face of a powerful inclined formation are mounted.

The mechanized roof support section 6 contains a base 7, rigidly connected with a guard 8, axis 9, a rotary fence 10, overlap 11, two hydraulic posts 12, pivotally connected to the base 7 from the bottom face and with an overlap 11, of the step, normally oriented towards it from the obstruction side; 13, forming a ladder, and a fence 14. Hydraulic jacks for moving 15 are attached to the sides of the base.

The swing guard 10 on the side of the mined space is provided with a retractable part with folding sides 16, in the working position forming a trough, the bottom of which is the swing guard 10. The side height (b) is assumed to be approximately equal to the planned power of the layer to be removed (m _s ). Steps 13 of the ladder are made of sheet metal welded to the base at an angle approximately equal to the angle of bedding.

In the mounting chamber 5, the lining sections 6 are installed side by side in a line and are connected with the moving jacks 15. The guard 8 of each lining section from the worked out side is connected by flexible connections to the open container 17, the width of which is equal to the width of the lining section, the height is not more than the height of the fence 8 , and the length (d) is taken approximately equal to the possible step of the movement of the lining section (l) (the step of the movement depends on the power of the layer to be removed). The sides 16 of the sliding part of the rotary fence 10 are moved to the working position, forming a trough, which is moved along the rotary fence in the direction of the worked out space. In this case, the sides 16 of the gutter with their edges enter the inner space of the container 17. The gutter above the pivoting fence and the inner space of the container 17 are filled with knurling, scraps of wooden posts or rock (ballast).

In the working space of the face, a front-end shearer 18 is mounted with a selective cutting type executive body, for example, GPKS type, and a self-propelled car 19, for example B15K.

Airing of the working face is carried out due to the mine depression according to the return flow pattern: drift 1, slope 3, face space, slope 4, ventilation drift 2.

In the initial position, sections 6 are installed in a line, the floors 11 are pressed against the formation roof by hydraulic struts 12.

The extraction of coal is carried out in thin layers, starting from the near boundary of the extraction strip. Shearer 18, not reaching the near boundary of the excavation strip, begin to cut into the soil of layer I, giving it a bias towards the near slope, but no more acceptable for the used means of mechanization - the combine and the self-propelled carriage; the harvester loads the beaten coal into a self-propelled wagon 19. A self-propelled wagon transports coal to a flank coal slope 3, and in the working space of the inclined layer I, the lining sections 6 are moved. At the same time, when approaching the nearest ramp 4, the distance by which the next lining section must be moved, will increase and at some point in time will become greater than the width of the fence 8. Starting from this moment, a gap arising from the side of the near slope between the fixed support section and the movable section, from the soil of the formation to it pivot guards overlap a side edge surface of the container 17, and above - the slide board 16, the chute support frame.

After moving the lining sections in the first inclined layer (I), coal is likewise taken out in the second inclined layer (II), which will be longer than the first, then in the third (III), fourth (IV) and so on. After the extraction of the last possible layer, the combine 18 carries out the extraction and design of the reversal chamber 20 outside the extraction strip. To do this, remove the coal to a height slightly higher than the height of the combine harvester at the top of the bed; the combine is taken outside the excavation strip above the near coal slope 4 and, making a reciprocating fan, cut a horizontal T-shaped chamber 20 in the coal mass and soil rocks of the formation 20. Outcrops of the formation roof in the T-shaped chamber are fixed with anchor support, and part of the chamber , located in the rocks of the soil of the reservoir, is fixed with traditional frame support.

After the construction of the reversal chamber 20, the combine 18 and the self-propelled car 19 are deployed in it and swapped. Then the combine 18 and the car 19 idle distilled to the flank slope 3 on the basis of the waste layer, which from then on will be the transport. Here, the excavation of the next layer begins, tilting it towards the flank slope 3, and the transport of the broken coal is carried out by a self-propelled car 19 along the soil of the transport layer to the near coal slope 4. In accordance with this, when moving the support sections, the side 16 of the gutter and the side surface of the container 17 the movable lining sections overlap the lateral gap already from the side of the flank slope (relative to the fixed lining section).

Next, the layers are removed in a similar way until there is a space in the transport layer that can accommodate only the combine 18 and the self-propelled car 19. Then the car 19 and the combine 18 are returned to the reversal chamber 20 in reverse, where they are again deployed and swapped. Then, the self-propelled carriage and combine harvester, according to the next transport excavation, are returned to the limits of the excavation strip and the next cycle of excavation of the layers begins in the same way, but already with transportation of the beaten-off coal to the flank ramp 3.

When the next transport output is reduced to a minimum size, a pivot camera 21 is formed outside the excavation strip, etc.

At the final stage of the excavation of the strip between the lining sections 6 and the transport drift 1, the safety pillar is left, the combine 18 and the self-propelled car 19 are led out onto a conveyor drift along one of the coal slopes. The support sections 6, in turn, starting from the middle part of the excavation strip, are transferred to the transport position and brought to the conveyor drift 1. To do this, the ties of the support section are broken with the container, the section is moved forward, bringing it to the soil of the last transport layer (the knurling slides with swing fence and remains in the worked out space), fold the sides of the 16 gutters, return the retractable part of the swing fence into place and reduce the length of the racks, lowering the overlap. Following the section output to the drift and the container.

The space of the spent strip is isolated with jumpers, leaving the possibility of using all reversal chambers for the same purposes when excavating the adjacent cutting strip, in which the directions for working out the layers and their inclination are taken symmetrically with respect to the spent cutting strip.

During the movement of the lining section, the lateral gap that appears between the fixed (fixed) and movable sections is blocked by the side of the gutter and the container of the movable lining section (relative to the fixed section). In this case, depending on the direction of the slope of the soil of the layer, the lateral gap between the lining sections is blocked either from the side of the near slope, then from the side of the flank slope, and in the part of the excavation strip in which the angle of inclination of the soil of the layer changes, the lateral gap between the sections is blocked on both sides. The installation of the sides of the gutter and the connection of the section with the container allows you to move the lining sections in any order without compromising the safety of cleaning operations. Moreover, the dimensions of these devices, adopted in accordance with the power of the layer to be removed, allow you to effectively develop a powerful inclined formation. All this indicates the achievement of the purpose of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method of developing a powerful inclined coal seam in strips in the fall, including preparing the excavation column by carrying out conveyor and ventilation drifts, preparing the excavation strip by conducting the flank and near slopes along the fall line on both sides of the strip, holding the mounting chamber at the ventilation drift, mounting the support sections in it mechanized layer extraction of coal in the face with giving each layer a slope towards the slope, forced coal transport along the face towards the flank face and when sloping the soil of the layer towards the near slope and towards the near slope when sloping the soil of the layer towards the flank slope, holding a reversal chamber outside the excavation strip in the soil of the formation, interchanging and reversing the means of mechanization in it, changing the direction of the slope of the soil and ventilation of the working face due to the shaft depression, characterized in that each section of the lining on the side of the worked out space is connected with a container by flexible connections, and a gutter with high sides is built behind the fence the gap that appears between the lining sections during moving is blocked by a container near the soil of the formation, by the side of the gutter of the movable lining section near the roof of the bed, and in the part of the working face with a slope of the soil layer to the side of the near slope, the lateral gap between the support sections from the side of the near slope is closed, in the part of the working face with a slope of the soil of the layer towards the flank slope, the lateral gap between the lining sections on the side of the flank slope is blocked, and in the part of the working face in the zone of changing the angle of inclination of the soil, the side gaps are blocked ry between the sections of the lining on both sides. 2. The lining section of the working face for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising a base rigidly connected to a guard normally oriented towards it from the obstructed side, a rotary guard, an overlap, hydraulic struts, moving jacks and steps forming a ladder in the interior of the section, characterized the fact that the sides are pivotally mounted on the pivoting fence on both sides of the worked-out space, forming a trough in the working position, the bottom of which is the pivoting fence, the sides, cell receiving approximately equal to the planned capacity excavated layer mounted for telescopic movement along the fence, with the goaf side section is connected with a metal open-type container, whose height is less than the height of the fence, normally oriented to the substrate, the width equal to the width section, and its length is determined by the relation

, where l is the length of the container, m, m _c - the power of the removed layer, m, α - formation angle, degrees

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