RU2640328C1 - Small-sized mixing-charger machine for underground mountain works - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.SUBSTANCE: compact mixing and charging machine includes an external power source pneumatically connected by a main line to the gas generating agent and emulsion tanks, an injector for mixing the gas generating additive and an emulsion configured to coaxially inject the gas generating agent into the emulsion included in the hydraulic line at the inlet to the charging hose, at the end of which an adapter with a static mixer is installed. The emulsion tank is provided with a removable cover. The mains, tanks and hydraulic line are equipped with cranes. The containers for the emulsion and the gas-generating additive are sealed and connected to an external power source through a receiver and a gas reducer mounted on the line. The removable cap of the emulsion tank is connected by a chain to the membrane separating the emulsion and air. A tap is installed between the adapter and the injector on the charging hose.EFFECT: invention allows the creation of a charge column of an emulsion explosive of sustained shape.1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for mechanized loading of holes and boreholes with unpatched explosives, mainly in underground mining.

A device is known for the pneumatic loading of holes and boreholes with an alluvial explosive (a.s. No. 338638, publ. 05/15/1972), including a hopper, a metering chamber with loading and unloading openings, a compressed air pipeline and a cone valve with a moving device connected by a hollow rod with aeration holes at the bottom. In this device, the moving device of the cone lock is made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder, which moves the rod with a piston and closes or opens the loading hole.

The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability associated with jamming of the pneumatic cylinder.

Known batch pneumatic charger type ZP-2 (LI Kantovich, VG Merzlyakov. Mining machines and equipment for underground mining. M: MGGU, 2013, S. 306-307, Fig. 6.55), including a hopper , a dosing chamber with loading and unloading openings, a compressed air pipeline and a cone valve with a moving device connected by a hollow rod to aeration holes in the lower part. In this pneumatic charger, the moving device of the cone lock is made, like an analogue, in the form of a pneumatic cylinder, which moves the rod with a piston and closes or opens the loading hole.

The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability, as well as low performance, since before each use of devices with a pneumatic cylinder requires care and lubrication, which also reduces performance.

Known ejector charger (AS SU No. 1764396, publ. 09/20/1999). An ejector charger including a mixing chamber with an ejector, a hopper for bulk materials and a tank for liquid additives, connected to the mixing chamber, a compressed air supply control mechanism consisting of a pneumatic chamber with a supply pipe, which is in communication with the mixing chamber by a purge channel and a charging channel in communication with the ejector installed in a pneumatic chamber with the possibility of longitudinal movement and overlapping in its extreme positions of the inlet pipe or purge channel, is spring-loaded on the side of its piston cavity above the piston cavity with a rod and a valve fixed to the rod end, and a control element in communication with the pneumatic chamber supra-piston cavity, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the device, the ejector charger is equipped with an annular partition with an axial channel fixed to the peripheral an edge in the sub-piston cavity of the pneumatic chamber, an annular recess and a channel communicating the annular recess with the sub-piston cavity are made on the lateral surface of the piston, while the annular The recess is in communication with the inlet pipe, the rod is installed coaxially with a clearance in the axial channel, the piston is installed with the possibility of overlapping the axial channel in its highest position, and the annular recess is communicated with the over-piston cavity through the throttle.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design, as well as the increased risk of work on loading wells due to work with explosives.

Known pneumatic charger for plastic explosives (patent SU No. 4667645, publ. 09/27/2004). A pneumatic charger for plastic explosives, including a chamber with an aerator introduced into its internal cavity, nozzles and piping, in order to increase the charging density, it is equipped with a torus concentrically located on the outside of the chamber with a channel connected by means of nozzles with an aerator, which is made in the form diametrically located tubes.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design, as well as the increased risk of work on loading wells due to work with explosives.

Known charging machine (patent RU No. 2304756, publ. 08/20/2007). The machine is characterized in that the hopper of the charging machine is made in the form of a removable container installed inside the car body and fastened to its floor by four screw connectors, divided by longitudinal and transverse inclined partitions at an angle of 45 ° into 4 or 6 sections for loading explosives and auxiliary a compartment for installing a tank with process fluid, on the side walls of the sections in the places where the partitions are connected, discharge hatches with slide gates, operating from the vehicle’s pneumatic system, are made, to which are mounted mounted volumetric dispensers with slide gate valves, the container in the upper part is equipped with loading hatches with lockable covers and fittings for fastening the slings of load-lifting mechanisms. When using a charging machine for the manufacture of igdanite-type explosives, the machine is additionally equipped with a liquid component supply system consisting of a tank, two dispensers, a liquid component atomizer, connected by a piping system that supplies the liquid component to the mounted dispenser of the container section.

The disadvantage of this device is the large dimensions that do not allow its use in a limited space of underground mine workings.

Known pneumatic chamber charger for unpatched explosives (patent RU No. 2558550, publ. 08/10/2015). The charger consists of a hopper, a metering chamber with loading and unloading holes, a compressed air pipeline, a cone valve with a moving device connected by a hollow rod with aeration holes in the lower part. The moving device is made in the form of a membrane mechanism mounted in a hopper on a bracket. The membrane mechanism consists of a housing with a cover, between which a membrane is fixed. A spring and a stem are installed under the membrane. The stem of the membrane mechanism is rigidly connected to the stem of the cone valve, and the compressed air pipeline is equipped with a four-way valve.

The disadvantage of this invention is the cumbersome design, which entails the increased complexity of maintenance.

Known small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining, adopted as a prototype (RF patent No. 160000, publ. 02.27.2016, bull. No. 6), including a frame with pneumatic tires with fixed tanks for gas-generating additives, water, emulsion mixer , dosing pumps of components, a three-way valve and an emulsion tank, characterized in that the frame is made in the form of a mobile trolley with handles and protective covers, the emulsion tank is made in the form of a separate container, connected via an adapter with by the hose to the device’s hydraulic system, pneumatic piston pumps controlled by the controller, connected through an air station to an external energy source, are hydraulically connected to containers for emulsion, gas-generating additives, water and a charging hose, a three-way valve mounted on a hydraulic line between the piston pump for pumping a gas-generating additive and an injector for mixing the gas-generating additive with an emulsion, an injector rigidly fixed to the frame, included in the hydraulic a line at the entrance to the charging hose, and a static mixer is installed in the adapter connecting the end of the charging hose to the quencher of the spray emulsion explosive, made in the form of a hollow cylinder with the output part in the form of a cylinder.

A disadvantage of the known device is the large overall dimensions, due to the structural features of the device, as well as the inability to create a column emulsion explosive charge of a mature form.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the overall dimensions with the possibility of creating a column of emulsion explosive charge of a mature form.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining, which includes an external energy source, pneumatically connected by a line with containers for a gas-generating additive and emulsion, an injector for mixing the gas-generating additive and emulsion, made with the possibility of coaxial input of the gas-generating additive into the emulsion included in the hydraulic line at the entrance to the charging hose, at the end of which an adapter with a static mixer is installed, while the capacity for em Lysia is equipped with a removable cover, and the lines, tanks and hydraulic line are equipped with taps, according to the invention, the tanks for emulsion and gas-generating additives are sealed and connected to an external energy source through a receiver and gas reducer installed on the lines, a removable cover of the tank for emulsion is connected by a chain to the membrane separating the emulsion and air, a tap is installed between the adapter and the injector on the charging hose.

The small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining is illustrated by the drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device, where:

1 - an external source of pneumatic energy, for example, a shaft pneumatic line;

2 - receiver;

3 - capacity for gas generating additives;

4 - capacity for emulsion;

5 - pneumatic connections, for example pneumatic hoses;

6 - ball valve capacity 3 for gas-generating additives, sealed;

7 - ball valve containers for emulsion 4, made airtight;

9 - ball valve pneumatic line;

10 - injector for mixing a gas generating additive and an emulsion;

11 - a charging hose;

12 - adapter with a static mixer at the end of the charging hose;

13 - tap to enable the supply of emulsion and gas-generating additives;

14 - removable lid of the tank 4 for emulsion, for example, on a threaded connection;

15 - a membrane that separates air from the emulsion;

16 is a chain connecting the membrane 15 and the removable cover 14;

17 - hydraulic connections;

18 - a cavity with air;

19 - a cavity with an emulsion;

20 - gas gear.

The use of emulsion explosives can radically improve the safety of transportation and loading of explosives, since non-explosive components are transported and charged and the final "explosive product" is formed only in charged wells. Currently, the technology of using emulsion explosives in the underground space is developing rapidly. The main disadvantage of the solutions already available on the market is the large dimensions of devices for transporting explosives and their components, which is unacceptable in a confined space, such as underground. Also, a number of technologies provide for incomplete charging of holes, the quality of which is directly influenced by the geometrically aged emulsion explosive column.

The small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining contains the following main elements. A receiver 2 connected to an external source of pneumatic energy 1, for example a mine pneumatic line, through a gas reducer 20. A tank 3 for a gas-generating additive, pneumatically connected by pneumatic connections 5, for example, pneumatic hoses, with a receiver 2. A tank 4 for an emulsion, pneumatically connected by pneumatic connections 5, for example, pneumatic hoses, with the receiver 2. The tank 4 for the emulsion is equipped with a removable cover 14, for example, on a threaded connection. A membrane 15 is installed inside the emulsion tank 4, which separates air from the emulsion. For ease of removal of the membrane 15, it is fixed, for example, using the circuit 16 on a removable cover 14. In the process of using the device, a cavity with air 18 and a cavity with emulsion 19 are formed inside the container 4.

At the outlet of the tank 3 for a gas-generating additive, made sealed, a ball valve 6, for example, a three-way valve, is installed. At the outlet of the sealed emulsion tank 4, a ball valve 7 is installed. Between the receiver 2 and an external source of pneumatic energy, for example a mine pneumatic line, a ball valve 9 of the pneumatic line is installed. The container 3 for the gas-generating additive and the container 4 for the emulsion are hydraulically connected via hydraulic connections 17 through the injector 10 for mixing the gas-generating additive and the emulsion. A charging hose 11 is connected to the injector 10. An adapter 12 with a static mixer is installed at the end of the charging hose 11. Between the adapter 12 and the injector 10, a valve 13 is installed on the charging hose to turn on the supply of emulsion and gas-generating additive. Also, a gas generating additive can be added directly to the charging hose 11 due to the ejection effect using an ejector (not conventionally shown).

Small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining works as follows. Through pneumatic connections 5, for example, pneumatic hoses from an external source of pneumatic energy 1, for example, a shaft pneumatic line, pressurized air is supplied to the receiver 2 to maintain pressure in the system by opening the ball valve 9 of the pneumatic line. Further, from the receiver 2 through pneumatic connections 5, air is supplied to the internal cavities of the tank 3 for the gas-generating additive and the tank 4 for the emulsion. To do this, open the ball valve 6 of the tank 3 for gas-generating additives, sealed and the ball valve 7 of the tank for the emulsion 4, made airtight. Due to the fact that the containers 3 and 4 are sealed, air under pressure begins to displace the emulsion and the gas-generating additive into the injector 10 for mixing the gas-generating additive and the emulsion. After turning on the air pressure on the containers 3 and 4, open the valve 13 to turn on the supply of emulsion and gas-generating additives, they also adjust the amount of product supplied. The emulsion and the gas generating additive are displaced into the charging hose 11 under the same pressure and in the required proportions. Next, the emulsion and the gas-generating additive pass through adapter 12 with a static mixer at the end of the charging hose to mix and produce a sensitized product in a hole or well. After emptying one of the containers - containers 3 for a gas-generating additive or containers 4 for emulsion - the valve 9 is closed, the pressure of their containers is released, for example, using valves (not shown conditionally) and the containers are filled with the corresponding component. To fill the container 4 with the emulsion, the removable cover 14 is removed (unscrewed). The membrane 15 is removed, which separates the air from the emulsion by means of the circuit 16. The membrane 15 separates the cavity 18 with air from the cavity 19 with the emulsion. Execution of containers 4 and 3 in the form of cartridges is possible, in this case, after emptying, the empty container is changed to full in compliance with the required safety measures.

The use of a small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining provides the following advantages:

- obtaining a column of explosive charge of a mature form;

- reducing the complexity of manufacturing a column of charge of a mature form due to high-quality mixing of the components;

- minimization of the overall dimensions of the device due to the compact design layout.

Claims (1)

A small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining, which includes an external energy source, pneumatically connected by a highway with containers for a gas-generating additive and emulsion, an injector for mixing a gas-generating additive and an emulsion, configured to coaxially introduce a gas-generating additive into an emulsion included in a hydraulic line at the inlet in the charging hose, at the end of which an adapter with a static mixer is installed, while the emulsion tank is equipped with a removable cover, and the trunk , the containers and the hydraulic line are equipped with taps, characterized in that the containers for the emulsion and gas generating additive are sealed and connected to an external energy source through a receiver and a gas reducer installed on the line, a removable cover for the container for the emulsion is connected by a circuit to the membrane separating the emulsion and air , a tap is installed between the adapter and the injector on the charging hose.

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