RU2535466C2 - Automatic valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to design of suction and discharge valves of piston compressors. The automatic valve contains seat, lift limiter and stop device under them pressed to the seat by means of at least one pair of the permanent magnets which like poles look on each other. One magnet of the pair is movable and is installed with the possibility of movement in slot of the lift limiter against the second fixed magnet . The lift limiter is out of two parts with jointing plane passing between the magnets of the pair. The slot with movable magnet is located in the part nearest to the seat. The fixed magnet is single-piece, and is installed in second part of the lift limiter. Between parts of the lift limiter in zone of the permanent magnets there is cavity connected with its through channels.

EFFECT: invention increases reparability and reliability of the valve work in case of the environment pollution.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a device for suction and discharge valves of reciprocating compressors used mainly in the oil and gas industry.

State of the art

A known piston compressor valve (see patent SU 1742512, IPC: F04B 39/10, publ. 06/23/1992), characterized by signs, of which are similar to the claimed solution are the following: the presence of a seat and a lift stop, between which a shut-off body is located, and means of tightening the locking member to the saddle. As the latter, a cylindrical spring is used, which is located in the jack of the lift limiter and is mounted on the protrusion of the cage facing the bottom to the locking member. In fact, the clip is a pusher through which the spring acts on the locking member. The main disadvantage of the valve is its low reliability, which is caused by the use of springs that are too sensitive to aggressive factors of the working environment and are susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement.

A known design of a piston compressor valve comprising a seat, a lift limiter, a locking member placed between them and a pair of permanent magnets facing each other with the same poles, one of which is mounted on the locking member and the other coaxially with it in the lift limiter (see patent for the invention SU 1032217, IPC: F04B 39/10, F16K 15/08, publ. 30.07.1983).

A significant disadvantage of the valve is that the magnets are mounted in the locking rings. This increases the mass of the locking member and reduces the strength of the cross section of the ring, which limits the possible loads, and hence the possibility of using the valve. In general, the closure is non-technological and difficult to manufacture. As a result, there is a rise in the cost of the valve design, there are problems replacing the locking elements.

A self-acting valve is known (patent for utility model RU 117554, IPC: F16K 15/08, F16K 31/08 published on June 27, 2012), characterized by features of which are similar to the claimed solution: the presence of a seat, a lift limiter and a shut-off placed between them an organ pressed to the saddle with at least one magnetic damper in the form of a pair of permanent magnets freely installed in the jack of the lift limiter and facing each other with the same poles.

A significant drawback of the valve is the difficulty of assembling the valve after repair or maintenance (cleaning, replacing rings), usually carried out by specialists of the operating company. During valve assembly, it is practically impossible to hold two freely installed and mutually repelling magnets in the socket without special devices used for this purpose at the factory, especially if there are not one, but several such dampers in the valve.

The closest, by the presence of similar structural features, an analogue to the claimed technical solution is a self-acting valve disclosed in patent RU 108536, IPC: F16K 15/08, F04B 39/10, publ. September 20, 2011. The aforementioned valve comprises a seat, a lift limiter, and a locking member located between them, pressed against the seat by means of at least one pair of permanent magnets facing each other with the same poles. One pair magnet is movable and installed with the possibility of movement in the slot of the lift limiter opposite the second magnet mounted motionless.

The closest analogue design has the same valve assembly problems after repair or maintenance as in the previous solution. Another significant drawback of the closest analogue is the low reliability of the valve in conditions of increased contamination of the working environment, the oily impurities of which clog the near-magnetic space, leading to disruption of the valve.

Disclosure of invention

The claimed technical solution is aimed at improving the maintainability and reliability of the valve, by increasing the manufacturability of the design and providing the ability to assemble the valve without the use of special devices.

Another technical result of the proposed technical solution was to increase the reliability of the valve in conditions of high contamination of the working environment, reducing the risk of contamination of the near-magnetic space with impurities.

The aforementioned technical results were achieved thanks to the proposed design improvements for a self-acting valve containing a seat, a lift stop and a locking member located between them, pressed against the seat by means of at least one pair of permanent magnets facing each other with the same poles, one of which is movable, installed with the possibility of movement in the slot of the lift limiter opposite the second magnet mounted motionless.

The mentioned improvements according to the claimed invention are that the lift limiter is made up of two parts with a connector plane passing between the magnets of the pair so that the socket with a movable magnet is located in the part closest to the saddle, while the fixed magnet is made integral and installed in the second part of the lift limiter, and between the mentioned parts in the zone of location of the permanent magnets a cavity is formed, connected with the passage channels of the lift limiter.

Due to the fact that the lift limiter is made of two parts and that the plane of the connector parts passes between the magnets of the pair, it is possible to separately install the movable and fixed magnets. Magnets, which during the assembly process exclude the influence of opposite magnetic fields, are easily and simply placed in the corresponding sockets of the parts of the lift limiter, where they are held without assistance. During the assembly process, when the parts of the limiter come closer to the magnets installed in them, the interaction of opposite magnetic fields helps to keep the magnets in the sockets of the parts to be connected.

The proposed design of the valve with a detachable lift limiter made it possible not only to facilitate assembly processes, but also provided the possibility of creating between the magnets a pair of a sufficiently spacious passage cavity in communication with the passage channels of the lift limiter. Compared with the known analogues containing narrow grooves and holes that are insufficient for the passage of sticky oily impurities, in the proposed valve design, the contaminated working fluid flow freely passes between the pair magnets and is carried out into the passage channels of the lift limiter.

As in the closest analogue, the movable magnet moves freely in the slot of the lift limiter and interacts with the locking element, protecting it from impact on the lifting limiter, contributing to the valve closing as soon as possible, and ensures that the locking element is pressed against the seat, i.e. serves as a pusher. Because magnet - the part is fragile enough, it is advisable that the movable magnet on all sides, with the exception of the working end facing the stationary magnet, be covered by a shell of non-magnetic material. In this case, the magnet will be protected from abrasion and shock-force impact from the side of the walls of the jack of the lift limiter and from the locking body.

To protect against possible impact with a fixed magnet, the movable magnet can be slightly recessed relative to the open edge of the shell on the side of the working end. The fixed magnet can also be somewhat recessed inward relative to the edge of the recess-hole in which it is installed.

To comply with the alignment of the location of the movable and fixed magnets, as well as the channels of the limiter to lift its parts are fixed to each other through a pin.

The claimed solution can be used for annular and disk valves, as well as valves with locking elements such as a mushroom, in which a movable pusher magnet is not only installed in the jack of the lift limiter, but also is rigidly connected to the locking element.

The proposed valve is easy to manufacture and reliable in operation.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by the drawing, which shows in section a ring valve made in accordance with the claimed invention.

The implementation of the invention

The self-acting valve contains (see FIGS. 1, 2) a seat 1 with concentric openings and annular grooves for gas passage, a lift limiter, consisting of two parts 2 and 3, a locking member 4 made with the possibility of hermetically closing the passage channels 5 of the seat 1 , and means for pressing the locking member 4 to the seat 1, made in the form of at least one pair of permanent magnets 6 and 7, facing each other with the same poles.

The magnet 6 on all sides, with the exception of the working end, is closed by a shell 8 of non-magnetic material and is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the socket 9 of part 2 of the lift stop closest to the saddle 1.

The magnet 7 is fixedly mounted, for example, by means of an adhesive layer, in the blind hole 10 in part 3 of the lift stop located opposite the socket 9 of part 2 of the stop.

Between parts 2 and 3, in the area of the permanent magnets, a cavity 11 is formed, which is in communication with the channels 12 of the lift limiter, designed for gas passage. Parts 2 and 3 of the lift limiter are fixed from turning by means of a pin 13 and are pulled together with the seat 1 with the help of a pin 14 and a nut 15.

The valve is assembled as follows.

Magnets 7 are glued into slots 10 of part 3 of the lift limiter.

A pin 14 is inserted into the saddle 1. The locking rings 4 are placed on the passage channels 5 of the saddle 1. On top of the rings, part 2 of the lift limiter with pin 13 installed in it. Permanent magnets 6 are placed in the slots 9 of part 2 of the lift limiter 6. At the end of assembly, the part 3 of the lift limiter with magnets 7 fixed in it, dressing it on the stud 14 and aligning the pin 13 with the corresponding hole. This allows you to fix parts 2 and 3 from a possible rotation and ensure alignment of the through holes and the location of the magnets 6 and 7.

The assembled valve parts are tightened by means of a nut 15.

A self-acting valve (this can be both a suction and a discharge) is installed in the compressor cylinder. The locking element 4 under the influence of the pressure difference opens the passage channel 5 of the seat 1, acting on the magnet 6, moving it in the socket 9 of the lift limiter.

The flow of the medium enters from the channels 5 of the saddle 1 and exits through the channels 12 of the lift limiter.

As the magnets 6 and 7 come together, facing each other with the same poles, the repulsive force increases, damping of the locking member occurs, and its collision with the lift limiter is prevented. As the valve opens, the pressure equalizes. The valve closes, while the forces of magnetic interaction contribute to the acceleration of the reverse movement of the locking element 4 and provide the creation of the force necessary to close the valve. During the operation of the valve, part of the pumped medium enters the cavity 11 between the magnets, from where it is discharged into the channels 12 of the lift limiter. Due to the fact that the cavity is spacious enough, dirt does not stick to the surface of the magnets, which helps to increase the resource of their trouble-free operation.

Claims (3)

1. A self-acting valve, containing a seat, a lift stop and a locking member located between them, pressed to the seat by means of at least one pair of permanent magnets facing each other with the same poles, one of which is movable, mounted for movement in the socket a lift limiter opposite the second magnet mounted motionless, characterized in that the lift limiter is made up of two parts with a connector plane passing between the magnets of the pair so that the socket with a movable m the magnet is located in the part closest to the saddle, the fixed magnet being made integral and installed in the second part of the lift limiter, and between these parts in the area of the permanent magnets there is a cavity connected with the passage channels of the lift limiter. 2. The valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable magnet on all sides, with the exception of the working end, is closed by a shell of non-magnetic material. 3. The valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts of the lift limiter are fixed to each other by means of a pin.