RU2534635C1 - Regulator and gas flow regulation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: regulator comprises a casing and three chambers in it divided by walls: a high-pressure chamber (HPC) and a reduced pressure chamber (RPC), a regulation chamber (RC), a hole with a seat, a partition with a plunger dividing the RC into a piston cavity and an annular cavity, a valve with a sealing element set in the RPC, the first channel connecting the RPC with the RC piston cavity, the second channel with a regulated check valve connecting the RC annular cavity with the environment, the third channel in the casing connecting the RPC with the RC annular cavity. Method of gas flow regulation in the regulator involves: supply of gas to HPC, displacement of the partition with the plunger and formation of a gap between the seat and the valve sealing element, coming of gas flow into the RPC and respectively to the gas consumer, from RPC through the first channel to the RC piston cavity, flowing of gas from the RPC through the third channel with a throttle to the RC annular cavity and back, provision for difference of pressures and forces resulting in the displacement of the partition with the plunger and the valve, change of the gap between the valve sealing element and the seat and regulation of the supply and pressure of gas coming to the RPC relevant to the above change.

EFFECT: provision for automatic regulation of the specified reduced pressure of gas supplied from the source to the consumer at low amplitude of fluctuations.

9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to gas pressure regulators, in particular to reducers of breathing apparatuses, designed to reduce the pressure of the gas supplied from containers of limited volume.

Known gas reducer NPP "Respirator" (patents RU No. 51761 U1 from 07.26.2005, RU No. 2089773 from 10.25.1993, RU No. 72937 U1 from 12.25.2007, prototype), comprising a housing, a cover, a high pressure chamber (HPC) gas with an inlet fitting connected to it with a filter, a reduced pressure chamber (RJC) of gas, a control chamber divided by a piston with a plunger into two cavities - a piston cavity and an annular cavity. A hole is made in the housing connecting the HPC with the KRD with an edge protruding in the KRD in the form of a conical seat, and a sealing washer in contact with the saddle is pressed into the end face of the plunger. KRD is connected to the piston cavity by a KR channel in the plunger, and with the environment, a channel with an adjustable non-return valve. A spring is installed in the annular cavity between the body and the piston, which squeezes the plunger with the sealing washer from the seat and ensures the connection of the HPC and the pressure regulator through the gap between the seat and the sealing washer, when the gas flows through it, the gas is throttled and enters the pressure reducing valve. With increased pressure in the engine, the gas enters the piston cavity through the channel and moves the piston with the plunger, reducing the gap between the seat and the sealing washer and, accordingly, the pressure in the engine. When the gas pressure in the KRD is more permissible, the adjustable check valve opens, releasing gas into the environment. In a gas reducer (patent RU No. 2089773), the function of the piston is performed by a membrane having a plunger.

The disadvantage of this gas reducer is the gas supply to the consumer, starting with a pressure surge due to the maximum gap between the seat and the sealing washer, which is available when there is no pressure in the HPC, since the spring presses the piston with the plunger, and the gap can be reduced only if KVD and KRD gas under pressure.

A similar jump in gas pressure in the steam generator and the consumer occurs when the pressure regulators work (US patent No. 7418976 dated 08/30/2006 and US application No. 2006/0137745 dated 12/05/2005) and is due to the presence of a spring pressing the piston with the plunger from the seat in the absence of gas under pressure in the HPC and its subsequent submission to the HPC.

A known method of regulating the pressure of the gas stream in the regulator (patent EP No. 1151364 B1 from 12.15.1999, Fig.2, 3, prototype), having

- the housing and the three chambers made therein:

- a high-pressure chamber (HPC) and a reduced pressure chamber (HPC), separated by a first wall;

- regulation chamber (RR), separated by a second wall from the RJD chamber;

- a hole with a saddle located in the first wall;

- a partition with a movable plunger passing through an opening in the second wall separating the RC into the piston and annular cavities;

- a valve connected to the plunger and placed in the HPC or KRD with a sealing element interacting with the seat;

- the first channel connecting one of the cavities of the Kyrgyz Republic with the chamber under gas pressure;

- the second channel with a throttle connecting the KRD with the annular cavity of the KR;

- the third channel connecting the cavity under reduced pressure with the environment;

including

- gas supply to the HPC, the displacement of the plunger with a partition and the formation of a gap between the seat and the sealing element;

- gas flow through channels in the cavity of the Kyrgyz Republic;

- moving the partition with the plunger and the valve under the action of a gas pressure difference on it, increasing the gap between the seat and the valve sealing element;

- the flow of gas into the gas generator and, accordingly, the gas consumer;

- gas flow through the second channel with a throttle in the annular cavity of the Kyrgyz Republic;

- the effect of the difference in gas pressure on the partition;

- change (increase, decrease) in the gas flow entering the consumer from the KRD and the gas pressure in the KRD, causing gas to flow between the KRD and the KR cavities, moving the partition with the plunger and valve in the direction of the resultant of all forces acting on the partition and plunger, changing the value the gap between the valve sealing element and the seat, corresponding to the displacement of the partition, as well as pressure and gas supply to the consumer;

- the release of gas into the environment from the chambers or cavities of the Kyrgyz Republic, connected to the environment through the third channel when the specified pressure is exceeded.

The disadvantage of this method of regulation is that gas under pressure is supplied to the piston cavity of the KR from both the KRD and the HPC through the first and second channels with chokes, which requires equipping the channels with pressure sensors and an electronic controller, which complicates the control method.

The technical task of the invention is the provision of regulation of the gas flow in the regulator at a given value of the reduced pressure of the gas supplied from the source to the consumer, with a small amplitude of pressure fluctuations.

The technical problem is solved in the design of the regulator and the method of regulating the gas flow in the regulator, having:

- the housing and the three chambers made therein:

- a high-pressure chamber (HPC) and a reduced pressure chamber (HPC), separated by a first wall;

- a control chamber (KR), separated by a second wall from the KRD;

- a hole with a saddle located in the first wall;

- a partition connected to a movable plunger passing through an opening in the second wall, dividing the CR into a piston and annular cavity;

- a valve connected to the plunger and placed in the KRD with a sealing element interacting with the seat;

- the first channel connecting the KRD with the piston cavity of the KR;

- the second channel connecting the annular cavity of the Kyrgyz Republic with the environment,

wherein

in the case there is a third channel connecting the KRD with the annular cavity of the KR;

a check valve is connected to the second channel.

To reduce the amplitude of pressure fluctuations during operation of the regulator, the first channel is located in the housing and has a throttle that can be adjustable, a check valve that can be adjustable, the third channel is located in the second wall of the housing and has a throttle that can be adjustable; the partition can be made in the form of a piston or membrane.

In the described controller, a method for controlling a gas flow includes:

- gas supply to the HPC, the displacement of the partition with the plunger and the valve and the change in the gap between the seat and the sealing element of the valve;

- the flow of gas through the hole in the second wall and the saddle in the CRM and, accordingly, the gas consumer;

- the flow of gas from the KRD through the first channel into the piston cavity of the KR;

- moving the partition with a plunger and a valve with a sealing element under the influence of a gas pressure difference on them, increasing the gap between the seat and the valve sealing element;

- the flow of gas from the KRD through the third channel with a throttle into the annular cavity of the KR;

- the effect of the difference in gas pressure on the septum from the side of the piston and annular cavities;

- change (increase, decrease) in the flow of gas entering the consumer from the KRD and the gas pressure in the KRD, causing gas to flow between the KRD, piston and annular cavities of the KR, moving the partition with the plunger and valve in the direction of the resultant of all forces acting on the partition and plunger the change in the gap between the valve sealing element and the seat, corresponding to the displacement of the plunger, as well as pressure and gas supply to the consumer,

wherein

- gas flows from the KRD into the annular cavity of the KR and in the opposite direction through the third channel connecting them to the throttle, creating a difference in pressure and forces acting on the baffle, causing it to move with the plunger and valve, changing the gap between the valve sealing element and the seat and corresponding to this change the regulation of the supply and pressure of gas entering the KRD.

To maintain a given value of the gas pressure in the KRD when the pressure in the annular cavity of the KR exceeds the predetermined value, the gas periodically flows into the environment through the second channel and the non-return valve connected to it.

The technical effect is the provision of automatic control of a given value of the reduced pressure of the gas supplied from the source to the consumer with a small amplitude of oscillations, is achieved due to a new set of features:

in the case there is a third channel connecting the KRD with the annular cavity of the KR;

a check valve is connected to the second channel.

To reduce the amplitude of pressure fluctuations during regulation, the first channel is located in the housing and has a throttle that can be adjustable, a check valve that can be adjustable, the third channel is located in the second wall of the housing and has a throttle that can be adjustable; the partition can be made in the form of a piston or membrane.

In the described controller, a method for controlling a gas flow includes:

- gas supply to the HPC, the displacement of the partition with the plunger and the valve and the change in the gap between the seat and the sealing element of the valve;

- the flow of gas through the hole in the second wall and the saddle in the CRM and, accordingly, the gas consumer;

- the flow of gas from the KRD through the first channel into the piston cavity of the KR;

- moving the partition with a plunger and a valve with a sealing element under the influence of a gas pressure difference on them, increasing the gap between the seat and the valve sealing element;

- the flow of gas from the KRD through the third channel with a throttle into the annular cavity of the KR;

- the effect of the difference in gas pressure on the septum from the side of the piston and annular cavities;

- change (increase, decrease) in the flow of gas entering the consumer from the KRD and the gas pressure in the KRD, causing gas to flow between the KRD, piston and annular cavities of the KR, moving the partition with the plunger and valve in the direction of the resultant of all forces acting on the partition and plunger the change in the gap between the valve sealing element and the seat, corresponding to the displacement of the plunger, as well as pressure and gas supply to the consumer,

wherein

- gas flows from the KRD into the annular cavity of the KR and in the opposite direction through the third channel connecting them to the throttle, creating a difference in pressure and forces acting on the baffle, causing it to move with the plunger and valve, changing the gap between the valve sealing element and the seat and corresponding to this change the regulation of the supply and pressure of gas entering the KRD.

To maintain a given value of the gas pressure in the KRD when the pressure in the annular cavity of the KR exceeds the predetermined gas, the gas periodically flows into the environment through the second channel and a non-return valve connected to it.

The set of features of the method was not found during the patent information search, therefore, the technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty", and does not follow clearly from the prior art, obtained as a result of comparative tests of gas controllers operating in accordance with various methods, therefore, the technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

In Fig.1 shows a gas regulator with a valve placed in the KRD, a check valve connected to the annular cavity of the KR and the third channel with an adjustable throttle.

In Fig.2 - the regulator in Fig.1 with a throttle in the third channel and with an adjustable throttle in the first channel.

Figure 3 - gas regulator in figure 2 with a partition in the form of a membrane.

Figure 4 - gas regulator in figure 3 with a spring in the annular cavity.

The design of the controller (Fig.1-2) includes:

- housing 1 and made in it three chambers separated by walls:

- chamber 2 high pressure (HPC) and chamber 3 of reduced pressure (KRD), separated by a first wall 4;

- camera 5 regulation (CR), separated by a second wall 6 from the camera 3;

- a hole 7 with a saddle 8, placed in the first wall 4;

- a partition 9 connected to a movable plunger 10 passing through an opening 11 in the second wall 6, dividing the chamber 5 into a piston cavity 12 and an annular cavity 13;

- connected to the plunger 10 and placed in the KRD 3 valve 14 with a sealing element 15, interacting with the seat 8;

- the first channel 16 connecting the KRD 3 with the piston cavity 12 of the KR 5;

- the second channel 17 connecting the annular cavity 13 KR 5 with the environment,

wherein

in the housing 1 there is a third channel 18 (Fig. 1) or in the wall 6 a third channel 18a (Figs. 2-4) connecting the CRD 3 with the annular cavity 13 of the CR 5;

a check valve 19 is connected to the second channel 17.

To reduce the amplitude of the oscillations during pressure control, the first channel 16 is located in the housing 1 (figure 2) and has an adjustable choke 20; check valve 19, the third channel 18, located in the housing (Fig. 1), has an adjustable choke 21, and the third channel 18a, located in the second wall 6 (Figs. 2-4), has a choke 21a; the partition 9 can be made in the form of a piston (figure 1, 2) or a membrane (figure 3, 4). To improve the speed of the gearbox at the beginning of the supply of gas to it in the annular cavity can be installed spring 22 (figure 4).

In the described controller (Figs. 1-4), a method for controlling a gas flow includes:

- gas supply to the HPC 2, the displacement of the partition 9 with the plunger 10 and the valve 14 and the formation of a gap between the seat 8 and the sealing element 15 of the valve 14; when gas is supplied to the chamber 2 (Fig. 4), the gap changes after the gas flow through the first channel 16 enters the piston cavity 12;

- the flow of gas through the hole 7 in the second wall 4 and the saddle 8 in the KRD 3 and, accordingly, the gas consumer;

- the flow of gas from the KRD 3 through the first channel 16 into the piston cavity 12 of the KR 5;

- moving the septum 9 with the plunger 10 and the valve 14 with the sealing element 15 under the action of a gas pressure difference on them, increasing the gap between the seat 8 and the sealing element 15 of the valve 14;

- the flow of gas from the KRD 3 through the third channel 18 (Fig. 1) with an adjustable orifice 21 or channel 18a (Figs. 2-4) with an orifice 21a into the annular cavity 13 of the KR 5;

- the effect of the difference in gas pressure on the baffle 9 from the side of the piston cavity 12 and the annular cavity 13;

- change (increase, decrease) in the gas flow entering the consumer from the KRD 3 and the gas pressure in the KRD 3, causing gas to flow between the KRD 3, the piston cavity 12 and the annular cavity 13 of the KR 5, moving the partition 9 with the plunger 10 and the valve 14 in the direction of the resultant of all the forces acting on the partition 9 and the plunger 10, a change in the gap between the sealing element 15 of the valve 14 and the seat 8, corresponding to the displacement of the plunger 10, as well as pressure and gas supply to the consumer,

When the pressure in the annular cavity 13 of the KR 5 is exceeded above a predetermined value, the gas periodically flows into the environment through the second channel 17 and the non-return valve 19 connected to it.

Claims (9)

1. The regulator containing
- the housing and the three chambers made therein:
- a high-pressure chamber (HPC) and a reduced pressure chamber (HPC), separated by a first wall;
- a control chamber (KR), separated by a second wall from the KRD;
- a hole with a saddle located in the first wall;
- a partition connected to a movable plunger passing through an opening in the second wall, dividing the CR into a piston and annular cavity;
- a valve connected to the plunger and placed in the KRD with a sealing element interacting with the seat;
- the first channel connecting the KRD with the piston cavity of the KR;
- the second channel connecting the annular cavity KR with the environment, characterized in that
in the case there is a third channel connecting the KRD with the annular cavity of the KR;
a check valve is connected to the second channel. 2. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the first channel is located in the housing and has an adjustable choke. 3. The regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the check valve is adjustable. 4. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the third channel is located in the second wall of the housing and has an adjustable choke. 5. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition is made in the form of a piston. 6. The regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition is made in the form of a membrane. 7. The regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a spring is installed in the annular cavity. 8. A method of controlling a gas flow in a regulator comprising:
- the housing and the three chambers made therein:
- a high-pressure chamber (HPC) and a reduced pressure chamber (HPC), separated by a first wall;
- a control chamber (KR), separated by a second wall from the KRD;
- a hole with a saddle located in the first wall;
- hole in the second wall;
- a partition dividing the CR into a piston and annular cavity, with a movable plunger passing through an opening in the second wall;
- a valve connected to a movable plunger and placed in the KRD with a sealing element interacting with the seat;
- the first channel connecting the KRD with the piston cavity of the KR;
- the second channel with a check valve connecting the annular cavity KR with the environment,
- the third channel with a throttle connecting the KRD with the annular cavity of the KR, including
- gas supply to the HPC, the displacement of the partition with the plunger and the valve and the change in the gap between the seat and the sealing element of the valve;
- the flow of gas through the hole in the second wall and the saddle in the CRM and, accordingly, the gas consumer;
- the flow of gas from the KRD through the first channel into the piston cavity of the KR;
- moving the partition with a plunger and a valve with a sealing element under the influence of a gas pressure difference on them, increasing the gap between the seat and the valve sealing element;
- gas flow from the KRD through the third channel with a throttle into the annular cavity of the KR;
- the effect of the difference in gas pressure on the septum from the side of the piston and annular cavities;
- change (increase, decrease) in the flow of gas entering the consumer from the KRD and the gas pressure in the KRD, causing gas to flow between the KRD, piston and annular cavities of the KR, moving the partition with the plunger and valve in the direction of the resultant of all forces acting on the partition and plunger the change in the gap between the valve sealing element and the seat, corresponding to the displacement of the plunger, as well as pressure and gas supply to the consumer,
characterized in that
- gas flows from the KRD into the annular cavity of the KR and in the opposite direction through the third channel connecting them to the throttle;
- creates a difference of pressures and forces acting on the baffle, causing it to move with the plunger and valve, changing the gap between the valve sealing element and the seat and adjusting the flow and pressure of the gas entering the KRD corresponding to this change. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that when the gas pressure in the annular cavity of the KR exceeds a predetermined gas, the gas periodically flows into the environment through the second channel and an adjustable non-return valve connected to it.

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