RU2519214C1 - Binder (polyethylene-tar binder with rubber crumb - perb-r) for road covering - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: binder contains in wt %: deeply oxidised tar - 30-40; high pressure polyethylene - 1.5-3.5; rubber crumb - 1.5-3.5, elementary sulphur - 0.15-0.45; straight run tar - to 100. Obtained binder possesses both high strength properties and sufficient elasticity. Expensive plasticisers are not used, cheaper and more available components are applied in its production.

EFFECT: possibility to extend assortment of binding materials for road construction works, corresponding to the level of main standard requirements to polymer-bitumen binders.

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Description

The invention relates to the creation of materials used in the construction and repair of roads, namely, cementitious materials for road asphalt pavement.

Known polymer-bitumen binders (PBB) based on block copolymers based on butadiene and styrene, which meet the requirements for these materials for elasticity, crack resistance, deformability and extensibility at low temperatures, as well as heat resistance, and for which GOST R is developed 52056-2003.

Among the main operational shortcomings of PBB according to GOST R 52056-2003 (in addition to high cost), the use of strictly defined quality bitumen as a basis for cementing material according to GOST 22245-90, which is obtained by oxidation of tar, increases the cost of the cement and its level decreases quality. This disadvantage can be attributed to all Russian polymer-bitumen binders based on oxidized bitumen. The most serious drawback of Russian PBBs is the use of expensive plasticizer (I-40 industrial oil) and thermoplastic elastomers, which use styrene-butadiene-styrene rubbers (SBS).

It is known (Pat. RF № 2299228, 2007) bitumen binder for the road surface, which contains, wt.%:

Bitumen 44,4-98 Block copolymers of alkadiene and styrene 0.1-22.3 Industrial oil 1.9-3 3.3

The disadvantage of this well-known binder is the need to use a plasticizer - industrial oil, as one of the components of oxidized bitumen of BND grades according to GOST 22245-90, which has low resistance to aging, as well as an expensive polymer - thermoplastic elastomer - a block copolymer of alkadiene and styrene.

Known (Pat. RF № 2327719, 2008) bitumen-rubber composition, which can be used as a binder in road construction. The composition includes, wt.%: Bitumen - 70-80, crumb from vulcanized rubber from used car tires - 15-25 and naphthalene fraction of coal tar - 5-10.

The disadvantage of this composition is the use of oxidized bitumen, as mentioned above, as well as the use of crushed vulcanized rubber from used car tires, which is not connected by any physical or chemical bonds with the oil base, which does not allow for the kinetic (sedimentation) stability of the resulting PBB. And this inevitably leads first to a decrease and then to a loss by them of the necessary level of the main operational quality indicators.

The closest binder, taken as a prototype, is a polymer tar binder for road surfaces, which contains, wt.%:

Tar or mixture of tars with VU580 = 60-160 s 83.0-91.3 Industrial oil 5.0-12.0 Alkadiene-styrene block copolymer 3,5-5,0

(Pat. RF No. 2397187, 2010).

In this binder, bitumen has been replaced by a cheaper material with higher aging resistance - tar, but this binder has the following disadvantage: the use of significant quantities of expensive plasticizers (industrial oil) and polymer - thermoplastic elastomer - a block copolymer of alkadiene and styrene, which is able to form its own structural frame. In addition, this structure is also not related to the spatial structure of the tar formed by its resinous asphaltene components.

The objective of the invention was the development of a binder for road surfaces, which would differ in the use of cheaper and more affordable components compared to PBB, and in terms of its basic performance indicators would be as close as possible to the values of regulatory requirements for PBB according to GOST R 52056-2003, providing them reliable operation as a part of asphalt concrete mixes. But at the same time, it would have the necessary level of elasticity, in contrast to the oxidized bitumen of road grades according to GOST 22245-90, deprived of this property.

To solve this problem, a binder for asphalt concrete pavements based on straight-run tar is proposed, containing, in wt.%:

Deep acid tar 30-40 Polyethylene LDPE 1,5-3,5 Rubber crumb 1,5-3,5 Elemental sulfur 0.15-0.45 Straight tar up to 100

The composition and purpose of the components forming the inventive binder (polyethylene-tar binder with rubber crumb - PEGV-R) for road surfaces:

- straight run tar with a conditional viscosity at a temperature of 80 ° C and with a hole diameter of 5 mm - VU580 = 60-160 s. It is the bottom residue of the vacuum distillation of fuel oils and differs from oxidized bitumen and tars in the presence of components with unsaturated carbon bonds, which allow the process of grafting polymer molecules to them to form a stable structure of a modified binder. In addition, the use of such a low-viscosity component, as compared to oxidized road bitumen, as a straight-run tar, as an oil base, makes it possible to refuse to use expensive plasticizers for polymer dissolution;

- deeply oxidized tar (oil construction bitumen grade BN 90/10 in accordance with GOST 6617-90). It is necessary to give the composition strength properties, i.e. the necessary level of penetration;

- elemental sulfur, which is used as technical gas lump sulfur in accordance with GOST 127.1-93. It is a curing agent in the composition. The use of elemental sulfur in the composition allows, in addition, to skillfully solve the problem of its disposal, which is extremely relevant from an environmental point of view;

- rubber crumb from recycled tires, fraction 0 ÷ 0.63 mm. In its devulcanized form, it retains reactive sulfur bonds, as well as the corresponding vulcanization activators and accelerators, which are necessary for grafting polymer molecules to the unsaturated components of straight-run tar. The rational disposal of used tires is also one of the priorities of the Russian ecology;

- polyethylene, which is a thermoplastic, i.e. does not have elasticity. The composition uses high-pressure polyethylene LDPE according to GOST 16337-77. It is a significantly cheaper and affordable polymer compared to thermoplastic elastomers. Despite the fact that LDPE is a thermoplastic and does not have elasticity like that of SBS type thermoplastic elastomers, the proposed composition is grafted with polyethylene molecules with unsaturated bonds to unsaturated straight-tar tar bonds, the structure of which has elasticity, through sulfur bonds of elemental sulfur and the remaining sulfur bridges in the devulcanized rubber crumb. In this case, compositions are obtained that have a slightly lower level of ductility compared to PBB according to GOST R 52056-2003, but which already have elasticity.

PEGV-R for the construction and repair of pavements is prepared using standard equipment by sequentially mixing approximately equal volumes of straight-run tar with devulcanized at ~ 200 ° C for 1.0 ÷ 1.5 hours rubber crumb and dissolved in it at 140-160 ° C for 1.0 ÷ 1.5 hours with elemental sulfur, and then with polyethylene at 160-180 ° C for 1.5-2.0 hours and then with deeply oxidized tar. The mixing process is carried out by feeding the metering pumps components into heated stationary mixers.

To illustrate the claimed technical solution, 8 samples of compositions of various compositions were prepared. The composition of these binder samples is presented in table 1.

Table 2 shows comparative data on the quality indicators of the studied compositions and on the requirements for polymer-bitumen binders (PBB) GOST R 52056-2003. From the data of table 2 it follows that the developed samples of the binder PEGV-R based on mixtures of straight-run and deeply oxidized tars comply with the requirements of the standard for polymer-bitumen binders for all basic indicators of strength (penetration and softening temperature) and low-temperature characteristics (values of brittleness, penetration and extensibility at 0 ° C). Lower (in comparison with ПБВ) values of the PEGV-R elasticity level (provided by asphaltene structures of straight-run tar with grafted polyethylene molecules), they can be recommended for widespread use in road construction, instead of having no elastic properties and, therefore, less durable oxidized road brands bitumen. Similar results were obtained for samples No. 7 and 8.

Thus, the claimed composition, due to the combination of the proposed components in certain proportions, allows you to get a binder for road surfaces, which has both high strength properties and sufficient elasticity. At the same time, they do not use expensive plasticizers and use cheaper and more affordable components. This allows you to expand the range of binders for road construction work, corresponding to the level of basic regulatory requirements for PBB according to GOST R 52056-2.

Table 1 The composition of the binder PEGV-R No.
p / p Component Name The content of the components of the binder, wt.% one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 one Deep oxidized tar (BN 90/10 bitumen) 40,0 40,0 40,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 2 Polyethylene (LDPE) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.5 3.5 3 Rubber crumb 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.5 3.5 four Elemental sulfur 0.15 0.30 0.45 0.15 0.3 0.45 0.15 0.45 5 Straight tar Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100 Up to 100

Claims (1)

Binder for asphalt concrete pavements based on straight tar, containing in wt.%:
deep acid tar 30-40 high pressure polyethylene 1,5-3,5 rubber crumb 1,5-3,5 elemental sulfur 0.15-0.45 straight run tar up to 100.