RU2517008C1 - Fire and rescue vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire and rescue vehicle comprising automobile chassis with a support-rotating platform on which the telescopic boom is located, consisting of sections, at the end of the last of them a cradle is mounted, besides this a telescopic ladder with fencing is located, which sections are adjacent to the last boom section, characterised in that two rotary ramps are adjacent to the cradle symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the telescoping boom, which are pivotally mounted on the last section of the telescopic ladder, at that each ramp has a slide section with a mechanism of extension in the form of a pair "tooth wheel-rack" and the pivot arm, at that the tooth wheel is provided with a spring clamp, and the fencing of the ramps and slide sections is made of hingedly mounted railing of tubular section, which handrails enter into the handrails of the railing of the ramps.

EFFECT: ensuring the delivery of fire-fighters and fire extinguishing agents, as well as evacuation of people from high-rise buildings.

4 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fire-rescue equipment, and in particular to equipment for the delivery of firefighters and fire extinguishing means, as well as for the evacuation of people from buildings with high floors.

A fire truck is known (see AGPS prospectus: Academy of the State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia - 2012) based on a KAMAZ vehicle with technological equipment for extinguishing a fire (a retractable fire escape, a swing platform, a tank with fire extinguishing substances, etc.)

The known machine has a number of disadvantages that reduce the effectiveness of its use in extinguishing a fire and evacuating people from high-rise buildings. For example, when the adjacent rooms are lit up, the fire escape is led to only one window (balcony) and firefighters extinguish the fire and evacuate people only in this room. It’s difficult to place another fire engine on the ground next to the building, where there is the same fire, with its ladder. In addition, the fire fighting and evacuation operations are carried out sequentially, which increases the risk of death. This is because it is practically impossible to place firefighters, rescuers and evacuated people in one cradle. You can not lower the cradle, because firefighters must localize the fire.

A device is also known for performing emergency rescue and other urgent operations (patent RU 2198705, class А62В 1/00, 1/02), containing a base vehicle with a fire tank and a rotary platform, on which are located: an operator’s cabin with a control panel and an engineering complex technical devices, a telescopic gangway with a cable fence and a track on which the elevator trolley is located. At the end of the ladder there is a half-open cradle, and cables, hoses, fire hoses are brought to the cradle.

The disadvantages of the known device include the following. Conducting emergency rescue operations when fighting fires in high-rise buildings with its use is of low efficiency due to the large angle (close to the vertical position) and unsafe for people to move along the ramp and move them in the cart. In addition, this device allows rescue operations or to extinguish a fire in only one place, in which the device ladder is pointed, i.e. technological capabilities are limited.

It is also known a device for rescue and extinguishing fires in high-rise buildings (patent RU 2079312, class А62В 1/02), containing a car chassis, on the frame of which is located a support-rotary platform, on which a telescopic step column with its sliding mechanism and a console is placed , which is perpendicular to the vertical axis of the column, and the console is equipped with a mechanism for its extension. To raise firefighters, rescuers and the descent (evacuation) of people in distress, a cabin is mounted on the column, moving in a vertical plane on rollers and having a tracking device. In the transport position, the console is folded and pressed against the column, i.e. occupies a horizontal position.

This technical solution has its drawbacks affecting the effectiveness of its application, namely, the design has limited technological capabilities, i.e. rescue and fire operations are carried out in a particular room where the console is connected. First, for example, they put out a fire, and then they carry out rescue operations. Or, if possible, then people are evacuated (they are moved to the cockpit along the console and lowered down), and then the fire is extinguished.

The descent of people in the cabin has a cyclic mode: it takes time to lower the cabin and raise it, and if it is a high-rise building, then the time is significant. During this time, people may die.

The vertical location of the column in working condition does not allow to bring (tilt) it with the console to the building and thereby evacuate people from adjacent rooms. It also limits the technological capabilities of the device. In other words, this solution has a specific purpose, i.e. the fire is extinguished in only one room and people are evacuated from only one room - to which the console of the column is brought.

Closest to the claimed object is a fire truck for rescue and extinguishing fires in high-rise buildings (patent RU 2236271 class А62С 27/00), containing a car chassis with a platform on which technological equipment is located as part of a slewing ring with a telescopic boom and a sliding staircase. Moreover, the telescopic boom consists of sections interconnected by a rope pulley, while the slewing-rotary device has the ability to rotate the boom in a vertical plane using an electro-hydraulic hoist.

The sliding ladder, which is also located on the pivoting device and mounted on it parallel to the sections of the telescopic boom, consists of sections of a U-shaped section and is equipped with a folding guard, while the extreme sections of the sliding ladder are rigidly connected to the sections of the telescopic boom by one end and the other end are centered relative to each other.

The folding staircase guard is made in the form of telescopic sections of a tubular section coaxially arranged one above the other having a drive for turning and is pivotally connected to the outer surface of the U-shaped kennel attached by a base to sections of the sliding ladder.

The last stage of the telescopic boom is equipped with a cradle. An important advantage of this design of the fire engine is the simultaneous unfolding of the telescopic boom and the sliding ladder.

This technical solution also has disadvantages that affect the effectiveness of its application, namely, limited technological capabilities, i.e. rescue and fire operations are carried out in a specific room, where an arrow with a cradle and a ladder is brought up. At the same time, it is not possible to evacuate people and extinguish the fire, since firefighters with equipment are located in the cradle and it is difficult to move into the cradle and from the cradle to the stairs

Placing people in a cradle and lowering the cradle to the ground in this case is unjustified, because both firefighters and rescuers are in the cradle, who must localize the fire in the room and provide assistance to injured people. In other words, this machine allows you to put out a fire in only one room and people are evacuated from only one room and only by moving people up the stairs to the ground.

When the fire is localized, you can use the cradle to lower people, but in a limited number (depends on the capacity of the boom and the capacity of the cradle).

The objective of the new technical solution is to increase the efficiency of carrying out evacuation of people and extinguishing fires by expanding the technological capabilities of a fire-rescue vehicle.

The problem is solved due to structural and technological changes of the prototype, namely: the last section of the fire escape is equipped with reclining (swivel) ladders with an adjustable length that are symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the telescopic boom.

The ladders are located on opposite sides of the cradle and have the ability to occupy a horizontal and inclined position, both with a positive angle value and with a negative one. Ladders have a folding guard and extendable sections. The bottom of the ladder and the bottom of the drawer section are box-shaped, i.e. have sides and slots arranged in a checkerboard pattern.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows the operating position of the machine when helping people (evacuation) eaves of dangerous areas and when fighting a fire;

Figure 2 - operating position of the machine during the evacuation of people from two dangerous zones and when fighting a fire in two zones;

Figure 3 - the working position of the machine during the evacuation of people from nearby buildings, as well as when fighting a fire in nearby buildings;

Figure 4 - the working position of the machine during the evacuation of people on the roof of the building or in adjacent balconies (rooms);

Figure 5 - rotary ladder with a retractable section;

Fig.6 is a section aa of Fig.5;

Fig.7 is a view along arrow B of Fig.5;

In Fig.8 - node 1 of Fig.5 (version of the drive extension section ladder);

Figure 9 - transport position of the claimed object.

Fire-rescue vehicle consists of a car chassis 1, on the frame of which containers 2 for extinguishing agents are placed, a slewing platform 3, on which a retractable ladder 4 is installed. It (the ladder), in turn, consists of several sections, the last section 5 is equipped with a cradle 6 and ladders 7. Ladders 7 are pivotally attached to the last section 5 of ladder 4 and can be rotated in a vertical plane using hydraulic cylinders 8. Ladder 7 has a bottom 9 with slots 10, a guard 11 and a sliding section 12. The bottom section of the ladder andydvizhnoy section has a box-like shape. The racks 13 of the fence 11 are pivotally attached to the sides 14 of the bottom 9 and to the railing 15 and are folded along the ladder 7 using the hydraulic cylinder 14. The extension of the section 12 of the ladder 9 can, for example, be done with a hydraulic cylinder or by means of a gear transmission - rack 17, by means of the handle 18 The gear wheel 19 has a spring stopper 20.

The work of the fire rescue vehicle is as follows. The car in the transport position (Fig.9) drives to the object where an accident or other emergency occurred. After determining the most convenient place for rescue operations or extinguishing a fire, it is prepared for work.

Supports (outriggers) are exposed, a ladder is brought into working position (it extends to the site of the outbreak). If the situation is such as in figure 1, then the staircase 4 with the cradle 6 rises to the room where the hearth. Then the ramps 7 are lifted by the hydraulic cylinder 8, which are oriented to the nearest windows or balconies.

To exclude the formation of gaps between the ladder and the window (balcony), section 12 of the ladder 7 is advanced adjacent to the building.

Using the mechanism 17 by turning the handle 18, when the end of the section 12 has touched the building, the gear wheel 19 is locked by a spring clip 20.

The ladder 7 is raised by the hydraulic cylinder 8 to the required height. After that, the hydraulic cylinder 16 rises the fence 11 to a vertical position. When the installation of gangways and fences, the process of evacuating people from the hearth begins and if there is a fire in the room, then it is extinguished. People move along the stairs 7 left and right to rooms that are not exposed to fire. Or go down the stairs.

The presence of two ladders 7 significantly reduces the time of evacuation of people, i.e. there is an opportunity to save more people. The descent of people is also carried out along the main staircase 4. This design increases the efficiency of its use.

If the situation is as shown in Fig. 2, then fire extinguishing is carried out from the cradle 6 and people are evacuated along the ladder 7 to the adjacent building premises, and people can also go down stairs 4.

If the situation is as shown in figure 3 (two adjacent buildings), then the machine is located between the buildings, is installed on outriggers in a horizontal plane. Then the ladder 4 with the cradle 6 rises to the required height, the ramps 7 are lifted, and their length is adjusted by extending section 12. Fire is extinguished from one ladder, and people are evacuated along the second ladder to the neighboring room. People can also go down stairs 4.

If the situation is as shown in Fig. 4, then fire extinguishing is carried out from the cradle 6, and people are evacuated along the ramps to the roof of the building or to an adjacent room located below. People are lifted to the roof along the bottom of the ladder by hooking their feet and hands over the slots 10. The descent is carried out along the bottom 9 of the ladder 7 by sliding and holding the bottom of the ladders 7 or behind the slots 10 with their hands on the sides 14.

Thanks to the proposed technical solution, the fire-rescue vehicle has significantly expanded technological capabilities for eliminating fires and evacuating people from high-rise buildings, which reduces the time for emergency rescue operations.

Claims (4)

1. Fire-rescue vehicle containing a car chassis with a slewing platform, on which there is a telescopic boom, consisting of sections, a cradle is installed at the end of the last one, in addition there is a sliding ladder with a guard, sections of which are adjacent to the last boom section, characterized in that two rotary ladders pivotally mounted on the last section of the sliding ladder adjoin the cradle symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the telescopic boom, each ladder has a retractable section Extension mechanism in the form of a pair "gear-rack," and the pivot arm, wherein the toothed wheel is provided with a spring retainer and rail ladders and drawers made of hinged railing tubular section, which includes a rail banister handrail ladders. 2. Fire and rescue vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of each rotary ladder and pull-out sections is box-shaped and has slots arranged in a checkerboard pattern. 3. Fire and rescue vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that each rotary ladder has its own drive, for example hydraulic. 4. Fire and rescue vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the racks of the rails and the retractable sections are pivotally connected to the bottom and the railing and have a rotation drive.

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