RU2516868C1 - System for radio communication with mobile objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: mobile objects include: a unit for determining the position of a mobile object in space, a high-frequency switch, K inputs/outputs of which are connected to inputs/outputs of K on-board broadband radio-frequency modules, and n of the K inputs/outputs (n=1, 2, 3, …; n<K) to inputs/outputs of n groups, consisting of K corresponding duplexers; combined inputs/outputs of each group of the K duplexers are connected to a broadband antenna, the (K+1)-th duplexer with radio-frequency inputs/outputs for radio-electronic equipment is also connected to the corresponding broadband antenna.

EFFECT: high reliability of transmitted information in air-ground channels in metre and decimetre ranges during manoeuvre of a mobile object and fewer receiving and transmitting antennae of the mobile object.

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Description

The invention relates to data exchange systems and can be used to implement information exchange between sources (recipients) of information located on moving objects (ON), and recipients (sources) of information located on the ground through ground-based complexes.

In a radio communication system with moving objects [1] while moving, moving objects located within the radio horizon exchange data with the ground communication complex. Messages received by the ground-based communication complex from the air-ground channel through the data transmission equipment (ADF) are sent to the computer of the workstation (AWP) of the communication operator, where, in accordance with the exchange protocol adopted in the system, the address received in the message is identified with the addresses of the moving objects stored in his memory. If the address of the moving object coincides with the address stored in the list, information about the location, motion parameters of the software and the state of its sensors is displayed on the monitor screen of the ground workstation. The computer solves the problem of providing continuous radio communication with all N software. When at least one of the software leaves the radio horizon or approaches the border of a stable radio communication zone, one of the software that is assigned by the message relay is determined programmatically. Based on the results of the analysis of the location and motion parameters of the remaining software, the optimal paths for message delivery to the remote one from the satellite for the software horizon are determined. The message from the NC through a serial chain consisting of (N-1) software can be delivered to the N-th software. To do this, on the NK in the shaper of the type of relayed messages, the number of the software assigned by the relay and the addresses of the moving objects that provide the specified message traffic are laid in the predetermined bits (header) of the transmitted codegram. Messages received on the software are analyzed in a message type analysis unit. After the analysis, the issue of sending data via a bi-directional bus to the control system of a moving object or relaying them to neighboring software is resolved.

In normal mode, when relaying signals from the NK is not required, an address polling of the software is carried out by forming a message for transmission to the radio channel in accordance with the exchange protocol. The message typed by the operator (dispatcher) is displayed on the AWP monitor. After passing through the antenna, radio station, data transmission equipment, the signal is fed to the software in the on-board computer, where the address received in the message is identified with its own address of the moving object. Next, the message is transmitted to the analysis unit of the type of relayed message, where the decryption of the received header (service part) of the message is carried out and it is determined in what mode the software hardware should work. The information part of the message is recorded in the memory of the on-board computer and, if necessary, displayed on the screen of the data recording unit.

Messages from the outputs of the receivers of signals of global navigation satellite systems GLONASS / GPS are recorded in the memory of ground and airborne computers with reference to global time and used to calculate the navigation characteristics and motion parameters of each software. Received on the NK navigation messages from all software are processed in the calculator and displayed on the AWP monitor screen.

However, the above system has the following disadvantages:

- the communication range is sharply reduced during software maneuvers due to shadowing by the elements of its body of on-board antennas in the direction to the NK;

- the radius of the communication zone provided by the NK is limited by the radius of direct radio visibility (200-300 km) when only one software is registered on the NK. With two registered software, the communication zone can be expanded by 2 times due to air-to-air relay only provided that the first software remains in the direct line of sight of the aircraft and the second software is in the field of view of the first software;

- low hardware reliability of airborne radio stations, the transceivers of which, mainly, in flight fail, leads to low reliability of communication in the air-ground channel.

The closest in purpose and most of the essential features is a radio communication system with moving objects [2], which is taken as a prototype. It differs from the system mentioned above in that it has ground and airborne antennas and DKMV long-distance radio stations. As a result, the size of the zone of guaranteed control (communication) of the NK is not limited to the radius of direct radio visibility. In addition, bidirectional radio frequency cables are connected to the onboard wide-range antenna-feeder devices (BF AFUs) to the on-board wide-range radio frequency modules (BF RM), which are connected by analog high-frequency cables to the physical layer module (MFP), which has a two-way digital interface with the channel module level (MKU). MCU is connected by a two-way digital interface via a routing module (MM) with an interface module (MI). MI inputs are connected to the on-board sensors, the receiver of the navigation satellite system, the output is connected to the data recording unit, the second input / output is connected to the on-board analyzer of the type of received messages, the third input / output is connected to the on-board computer connected via a bi-directional interface with the on-board software control system , the fourth input / output - to the on-board shaper type relayed messages. The ground antennas of the MB and DKMV ranges are connected respectively to the radio stations of the MB and DKMV ranges connected by two-way communications, through the data transmission equipment to the first input / output of the computer of the workstation, the second input / output of which is connected to the control input / output of the DKMV radio station, the third input I / O - to the input / output of the terrestrial communication system, the fourth input / output - to the shaper of the type of relayed messages, the fifth input / output - to the control input / output of the MB radio station, trans the first input is connected to (GLONASS / GPS) signal receiver of global navigation satellite systems, the second input - to the remote workstation control and output - to the workstation monitor.

A radio communication system with moving objects provides the exchange of data packets between on-board users of the said system (software control system) and ground-based end users of the radio communication system - air traffic control (ATC) control centers and operational aviation control (OAK) services, as well as the control center (CC) data exchange system. Data transmission in the MB range with the NK is provided through a chain of series-connected first software, the second software and then to the N-th software, and data is transferred from the N-th software to the NK in the reverse order. The ground-based data network is connected by two-way interfaces to each of the M geographically spaced NKs. Thus, the ground data network connects all the NDs for information interaction and ensures the connection of each ND with the ground users of the radio communication system and the control center of the communication system, the main task of which is frequency dispatching - assigning the allowed frequencies MB and DKMV of communication for NK and software through ground communication network.

The air-to-ground data transmission in the MB range between the software and the NK is carried out at the operating frequency assigned by the control center for each NK. Air-to-air data transmission in the MB range between softwares is carried out at the air-to-air operating frequency, also assigned by the control center. The list of frequency support for MB communication, containing a list of M ground-based complexes with their addresses, coordinates, frequencies assigned to them, as well as the air-to-air communication frequency, is developed at the control center and communicated to each ND via the ground-based communication system, as well as during pre-flight preparation to each software.

Data transmission in the DKMV range between software and NK is carried out at the operating frequency assigned by the central office for each NK according to the results of a long-term forecast for every 2 hours. Based on a long-term forecast, a control center for the communication system is developing a table of the frequency-time schedule of the DKMV communication for each NK for a day and bringing it to the NK via a ground-based communication system. The control center also develops a DKMV communication system table containing a list of M ground-based communication system complexes with their coordinates, addresses and tables of their time-frequency schedule, and is brought to each software during preflight preparation through a ground-based data transmission network.

The disadvantages of the prototype, the elimination of which the invention is directed, are as follows:

- when a moving object performs a maneuver with a roll or pitch change, it is obscured by its structure, for example, by wings or fuselage of the direct line of sight from the antennas of the software to the ground complex, which leads to a sharp decrease in the power of received radio signals and, accordingly, to a decrease in the reliability of the transmitted information in the air channels -earth "MB bands;

- a large number of radio equipment on a moving object, incorporating receiving and transmitting antennas, leads to an increase in the mass of software and a decrease in its flight performance.

The task to which the invention is directed is to increase the reliability of the transmitted information in the air-to-ground channels of the MB bands and to reduce the number of receiving and transmitting antennas of a moving object.

The problem is solved by:

- special placement on the software of switched receiving and transmitting antennas of a moving object in such a way that, regardless of the maneuver between the software and the satellite or between the two software that should have a communication session, there is always direct visibility and data transmission / reception should be from the corresponding antennas ;

- combining the flows of radio signals of different frequencies using bandpass filters made on diplexers, which allowed to reduce the number of receiving and transmitting antennas of a moving object.

The technical result of the invention is:

- improving the reliability of communication due to the automatic selection of the direction of direct visibility from the software to the NK or between two moving objects, regardless of the maneuver performed by the moving object;

- a more streamlined form of software design, which allows to increase its speed and reduce fuel consumption.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known radio communication system with moving objects, comprising M territorially spaced ground-based communication complexes and N moving objects interconnected by air-to-air communication channels of the MB range, and also using radio communication channels air-ground "MB and DKMV ranges - with M ground-based complexes that are interconnected and with external subscribers through a ground-based data network, each moving object contains K airborne wide-band radio frequencies modules connected by two-way communications to the corresponding To the inputs / outputs of the onboard physical layer module (MFP), connected by two-way communications with the channel layer module (MCU) of the communication computing module, consisting of bi-directional interfaces of the channel layer module, router module, and interface module, connected in series the inputs of the interface module are connected to the on-board sensors, the receiver of the global navigation satellite system, and the output to the data recording unit, the second input / output connected to the on-board analyzer of the type of received messages, the third input / output - to the on-board driver of the type of relayed messages, the fourth input / output - to the on-board computer connected via a bi-directional interface with the on-board control system of a moving object, and each ground complex contains terrestrial antennas MB and DKMV bands associated respectively with terrestrial radio stations MB and DKMV bands connected by two-way communications via ground-based data transmission equipment to the first input / output workstation calculator (AWP), the second input / output of which is connected to the input / output of the NK for the terrestrial data network, the third input / output - to the shaper of the type of relayed messages, the fourth input / output - to the control input / output of the ground radio station DKMV range and the fifth input / output is to the control input / output of the MB terrestrial radio station, the first input of the AWP calculator is connected to the signal receiver of global navigation satellite systems, the second input to the AWP control panel, and the output to the monitor ru AWP, K - the required number of wide-range radio-frequency modules to obtain specified indicators of reliability of information transfer, each software includes a software for determining the position of software in space, connected by two-way communications to the corresponding input / output of the on-board computer and to the control input / output of the high-frequency switch, K the inputs / outputs of which are connected to the inputs / outputs of the on-board wide-band radio-frequency modules, and n · To the inputs / outputs (n = 2, 3, ...; n <K) - to the inputs / outputs of n groups consisting of K corresponding diplexers, the combined inputs / outputs of each group of K diplexers are connected to a wide-band antenna, the (K + 1) th diplexer of each group with radio frequency inputs / outputs for electronic equipment the moving object is also connected to the corresponding wide-range antenna, the control inputs / outputs of the onboard wide-range radio frequency modules, MCU and MFP are connected to the corresponding inputs / outputs of the on-board computer, which has an input / output for Loading the data.

The structural diagram of the inventive radio communication system with moving objects is presented in figure 1, where the notation is introduced:

1 - ground communication complex;

2 - input / output NK 1 for a terrestrial data network;

3 - movable object, a structural diagram of which is shown in figure 2;

4 - input / output terrestrial data network, which is conventionally shown in figure 1 in the form of a line.

The radio communication system with software contains M geographically dispersed ground-based communication complexes 1, the block diagram of which is shown in FIG. 3, and N mobile airborne objects 3 equipped with airborne communication complexes, interconnected by air-to-air communication channels 29 of the MB range, and with using channels 30 of air-ground radio communications MB and 31 DKMV bands - with M ground-based complexes 1, which are interconnected with ground-based users (DP ATC and OAK and others not shown in FIG. 1) using inputs / outputs 2 and I / O 4 ground network before Get data.

The structural diagram of the equipment of a moving object 3 of the inventive radio communication system is shown in figure 2, where the notation is introduced:

5 - on-board computer;

6 - airborne sensors;

7 - an on-board receiver of signals of a global navigation satellite system, for example, GLONASS / GPS, with an antenna;

8 - data recording unit;

9 - on-board analyzer of the type of received messages;

10 - airborne type relay relay messages;

11 - computing communication module (IUD);

12 - module interfaces with equipment software 3 (MI);

13 - routing module (MM);

14 - channel level module (MCU);

15 - physical layer module (MFP);

16 - onboard wide-range radio-frequency module (ШД РМ);

17 - high-frequency switch;

18 - bidirectional bus control system of a moving object;

32 - diplexer;

33 - airborne wide-band antenna (SDA);

34 - input / output for downloading data;

35 - radio frequency inputs / outputs for radio electronic equipment REF;

36 - block determining the position of the software in space.

Figure 2 shows, for example, 3 of K modules 16 connected to a high-frequency switch 17, and two of n groups consisting of K corresponding diplexers 32 and one SDA 33. Bi-directional connections to on-board wide-band RF modules 16 are connected to a physical layer module 15 which has a two-way digital interface with a channel level module 14, connected by a two-way digital interface with a routing module 13, which in turn is connected by a two-way digital interface to the interface module 12, the inputs of which connected to the on-board sensors 6, the receiver 7 of the global navigation satellite system, the output is connected to the data recording unit 8, the second input / output is connected to the on-board analyzer 9 of the type of received messages, the third input / output is connected to the on-board driver 10 of the type of relayed messages, the fourth input / output - to the on-board computer 5, connected via a bi-directional interface 18 with the on-board control system 3, as well as with the control inputs / outputs of the onboard wide-range radio-frequency modules, MKU and MFU. The (K + 1) th diplexer with radio frequency inputs / outputs for electronic equipment is also connected to the corresponding wide-range antenna. The on-board computer has an input / output for downloading data.

The structural diagram of the ground communication complex 1 of the inventive radio communication system with moving objects is presented in figure 3, where it is indicated:

19 - ground antenna MB range;

20 - MB terrestrial radio station;

21 - ground antenna DKMV range;

22 - ground radio station DKMV range;

23 - ground-based data transmission equipment (ADF);

24 - computer workstation (AWP);

25 - ground-based receiver of signals of global navigation satellite systems with an antenna;

26 - shaper type relayed messages;

27 - monitor workstation;

28 - AWP control panel.

In NK 1, ground antennas of 19 MB and 21 DKMV bands are connected respectively to radio stations of 20 MB and 22 DKMV bands connected by two-way communications via data transmission equipment 23 to the first input / output of the computer 24 of the workstation, the second input / output of which is connected to the input / output 2 NK 1 for the terrestrial data network, the third input / output - to the shaper 26 of the type of relayed messages, the fourth input / output - to the radio station 22 DKMV range, the fifth input / output - to the radio station 20 MB range, the first input is connected to the receiver 25 signals of global navigation satellite systems, for example, GLONASS / GPS, the second input to the AWP control panel 28, and the output to the AWP monitor 27.

A radio communication system with moving objects operates as follows. Data transmission in the MB range with NK 1, if the serviced moving object from it is outside the direct (optical) visibility, is carried out through a chain of serially connected first software 3, second software 3 and further to the Mth software 3, and data is transmitted from M th PO 3 on NK 1 is carried out in the reverse order. Data transmission in the DKMV band with software 3 is carried out on NK 1, the marker signal quality of which is the best or acceptable for software 3. The terrestrial data network is connected by two-way interfaces 2 to each of M territorially spaced NK 1. Thus, the ground-based data network all NK 1 unite among information interactions and provide a connection of each NK 1 with ground users of a radio communication system.

The data exchange algorithm in the claimed radio communication system with software is that in it, to increase the reliability of information transfer, the following operations are carried out:

- develop a list of frequency support for MB communication, which indicates a list of M ground-based communication complexes 1 with their addresses, coordinates, the modes of operation supported by them, sets of MB communication frequencies allowed for each NK 1, bring the list of frequency support to each PO 3 through the ground communication system and in the process of preflight preparation for entry / exit 34;

- produce the emission of marker signals on each NK 1 at each authorized MB frequency, which are communication / control / synchronization signals, for example, with a period of 2 minutes. The signals of the markers are spread in time, so that software 3 can evaluate the quality of the signals of different NK 1 and select NK 1 for communication;

- choose the best communication frequency for each software 3 according to the results of assessing the quality of the received signals of markers of different NK 1 for each wavelength (DKMV and MB) and register 3 on the selected frequencies of the MB and DKMV channels;

- choose for transmitting and receiving data in the MBA range of SDA 33, with which the current position of the software in space and the tendency of its movement provides direct (optical) visibility of the serving NK 1 or a neighboring mobile object selected for communication, and switch to it using a high-frequency switch 17 and the corresponding diplexer 32, the input / output of one of the wide-band radio frequency modules 16 and the input / output of the (K + 1) -th diplexer 32 or the input / output of the (K + 1) -th diplexer 32 and the inputs / outputs of several PM 16 drives through conformity the total number of diplexers is 32;

- initiate in the MB range using the on-board computer 5 and modules 14, 15, 16 on each mobile object a frequency search procedure when the equipment is turned on or after disconnecting the line, if PO 3 can no longer detect data packets from the ground complex 1 or from the called mobile object at the current frequency, or if the control sublayer of the channel access protocol indicates that the current frequency is overloaded. At the same time, adjust the DM PM to an alternative frequency using the on-board computer 5, using the data from the frequency support list, and if the quality of the marker signals at the new frequency is satisfactory, register software 3 at the new frequency;

- carry out through the selected SDA 33 in the MB range the exchange of packet data "air-ground" on the active MB channel, for example, in the mode of multiple access to the channel with listening to the carrier (CSMA) or on the active channel "air-to-air" and "air-to-ground »In the mode of multiple access to the channel with time division and self-organization (STDMA);

- implement in the ground equipment for data transmission 23 data exchange protocols in DKMV and MB channels of the physical layer (codec modems), channel and network layer, for example, in accordance with ARINC 618, 631, 635, 750, DO-224, ED-108 in HFDL, VDL-1 (ACARS), VDL-2, VDL-4 modes;

- implement in PO 3 and NK 1 the following procedures for managing the connectivity of the MB data line:

- identification of NK 1;

- initial installation of the line;

- modification of the line parameters;

- "handoff" initiated by software 3;

- “handoff” initiated by NK 1 at the request of PO 3;

- “handoff” initiated by NK 1;

- "handoff" initiated by software 3 at the request of NK 1;

- broadcast "handoff" at the request of NK 1;

- auto-tuning;

- Assign their own set of permitted frequencies for DKMV communications for a day or more in the area of responsibility of each NK 1;

- designate the active DKMV frequency from the set of allowed frequencies for each NK 1 for a time interval of 1-2 hours, optimal according to the conditions of propagation of radio waves and electromagnetic compatibility for a given time interval, different from the active frequencies of all other NK 1 communication systems, and bring the number of active frequency along with the time interval of its activation to each NK 1 through the terrestrial data network, thus realizing the frequency division multiple access (FDMA) protocol. The first slot of the frame is used to emit each NK 1 communication / control / synchronization signals, called markers;

- assign to each allowed DKMV frequency its own time shift of the first frame of the time division multiple access protocol (TDMA) relative to the leading frame, tied to 00:00 00 min 00 sec universal coordinated time UTC so that marker signals at different frequencies are emitted by the NK 1 in separated time slots to reduce the time of analysis of the quality of 3 markers received by each moving object;

- develop a system table DKMV communication, which indicate a list of M ground-based communication systems 1 with their addresses, coordinates, supported by their operating modes and a set of allowed frequencies with the indicated offsets of the first frame of each frequency;

- bring the system table DKMV communications to all NK 1 and all PO 3 over the ground data network and in the process of preflight preparation;

- exchange packet data on each NK 1 through a ground-based data network with users of the communication system, as well as with other (M-1) NK 1;

- divided into time frames, for example, 32 seconds long, the time of use of each DKMV frequency channel, and each frame is divided into 13 time slots, 2.461538 s long for implementing the time division multiple access channel (TDMA) protocol. In the first slot of each frame, a marker signal is emitted, containing receipts for all messages received by SC 1 from different software 3 in the previous two frames, active frequencies of two neighboring SC 1, database version (system table), slot usage assignments from 4th to 13th of the current frame and slots of the 2nd and 3rd of the next frame, as well as the channel busy flag. At the end of each frame, for each slot of the next frame, it is assigned to be used for transmission from NK 1 or for transmission from a specific software 3 upon its preliminary request for an access slot, or for transmission from any software 3 in random access mode;

- exchange air-ground packet data on each active DKMV channel in a multiple access mode;

- initiate in the DKMV range on each moving object a frequency search procedure when the equipment is turned on or after disconnecting the line, if PO 3 can no longer detect markers from ground complex 1 at the current frequency. After automatic frequency selection and registration on a new channel, packet data is exchanged in TDMA mode with NK 1, on which PO 3 is registered, until the quality of the air-to-ground DKMV radio channel exceeds the permissible level. If the quality of the DKMV radio channel is below the acceptable level, the new DKMV radio channel and the corresponding NK 1, regardless of the location of the NK 1, are selected and software 3 is registered on the new DKMV radio channel;

- form messages in the DKMV range to terrestrial consumers in the final systems of software 3 (5, bus 18) containing the recipient’s address and the sender’s address (software address 3), and transmit via the interface module 12 to the on-board module 13 of the router, where it is packaged, for example, in the form of an ISO 8208 packet and in a link layer module 14, it is converted into a link layer packet of a data network containing verification sequences calculated using a redundant cyclic code (CRC). The received messages are transmitted to the module 15 of the physical layer, where they perform operations:

- convolutional data coding for direct error correction;

- interleaving data to combat packetization errors due to fading and impulse noise;

- the conversion of a sequence of three or two, or one bit depending on the data transfer rate and the modulation type 2-PSK, 4-PSK or 8-PSK, respectively, for example, into the phase values of the subcarrier signal of 1440 Hz;

- scrambling data to align the spectrum of the transmitted signal;

- the formation of a key synchronization sequence and a preamble containing a known sequence for training an adaptive demodulator, and information about the data transfer rate and the interleaver depth;

- the formation of short training sequences that are inserted into the stream of transmitted user data to implement adaptive methods for receiving messages;

- the formation of a given shape of the envelope of each symbol to provide a given spectral mask of the emitted signal;

- formation of a DKMV signal, for example, with an upper sideband with a suppressed carrier with a radiation class of 2K80J2DEN.

A single-tone DKMV signal for multiphase phase shift keying (M-PSK, M = 2, 4, or 8) formed from the output of the physical layer module 15 is fed to the input of the wide-range radio frequency module 16, where it is amplified to the required power level, fed through the corresponding nodes 17 and 32 on SDA 33 and on DKMV the radio channel 31 is transmitted to the ground complex 1, which registered software 3.

On NK 1, the DKMV radio signal from the DKMV antenna 21 is fed to (one or more, depending on the given number of simultaneously serviced software 3) a DKMV ground radio station 22 operating in simplex mode, for example, in accordance with the TDMA protocol. From the output of the radio station 22, the message is sent to the input of the data transmission apparatus 23, where it is demodulated, descrambled, deinterleaved, decoded with direct error correction, and checked for errors not corrected by the decoder. In the absence of errors, the message is packaged, for example, in an ISO 8208 package and sent to the input of the AWP 24 computer, where it is again packaged in a package designed for transmission, for example, according to X.25 protocol, over a land data network for information consumers.

When a packet is transmitted using the X.25 protocol over a terrestrial data network in the opposite direction from information consumers through a data transmission system 1 to software 3, it is first processed in the AWP 24 computer of the ground complex 1, where, for example, the ISO 8208 packet necessary for the line is formed from it air-ground data transmission. From the output of the workstation 24, the message is transmitted to the data transmission apparatus 23, where it is packaged in a data link packet containing verification sequences calculated using a redundant cyclic code (CRC) and carry out procedures similar to those previously discussed in the physical layer module 15.

The monophonic signal of multiposition phase shift keying (M-PSK, M = 2, 4 or 8) formed in the ADF 23 in the 3 kHz band of the OBP sound channel is fed to the input of the DKMV radio station 22, where it is used to generate a DKMV radio signal, for example, from the upper sideband and suppressed carrier with a radiation class of 2K80J2DEN, amplify to the required power level, then through the antenna 21 DKMV range transmit through DKMV radio channel 31 to PO 3.

On software 3, the DKMV radio signal through the selected SDA 33, the corresponding diplexer 32, the high-frequency switch 17 is fed to the SD PM 16. Then the message is fed to the input of the MFP 15, where it is demodulated, descrambled, deinterleaved, decoded with direct error correction and output to the MCU 14 , where it is checked for errors not corrected by the decoder and, if there are no errors, it is packaged, for example, in ISO 8208 package and sent to input MM 13 for conversion into a package intended for transmission via MI 12 to on-board users (blocks 5, 8, 9 or on tires 18).

In the process of exchanging packet data in the MB range when transmitting a packet from software 3 to terrestrial users on each software 3, a packet message is generated in the on-board end system (bus 18, on-board computer 5). A message containing the recipient address and the sender address (software address 3) is transmitted from the on-board computer 5 through the interface module 12 to the router module 13, where it is packaged, for example, in an ISO 8208 packet of a network (packet) level. Then the message is transmitted through the channel layer module 14, where it is packaged, for example, in a channel layer packet containing verification sequences computed using a redundant cyclic code (CRC) to the physical layer module 15, where:

- data coding, for example, by a Reed-Solomon code for direct error correction;

- interleaving data to combat packetization errors due to fading and impulse noise;

- converting a sequence of, for example, three data bits into a phase value of a signal symbol, relative phase encoding of neighboring symbols to implement relative 8-position phase shift keying (D8PSK);

- scrambling data to align the spectrum of the transmitted signal;

- the formation of a key synchronization sequence and preamble containing a known sequence for training an adaptive demodulator;

- the formation of a given shape of the envelope of each symbol, for example, such as a raised cosine with α = 0.6 to provide a given spectral mask of the emitted signal;

- formation of an MB signal with a class of radiation, for example, 14K0G1DE - with a band occupied by a 14 kHz signal, phase modulation (G) of a carrier of one digital channel without a subcarrier, data transmission (D) and multi-condition coding (E).

Formed for transmission, for example, a single-tone signal of 8-position relative phase shift keying from the output of module 15 is fed to the input of a wide-range radio-frequency module 16, where it is amplified to the required power level and through selected nodes 17, 32, the selected SDA 33 and MB radio channel 30 are transmitted to ground complex 1, where software 3 is registered, or to mobile object 3 allocated for data exchange.

On each NK 1, the radio signal from the MB antenna 19 is fed through (one or more depending on the given number of simultaneously serviced software 3) a ground MB 20 radio station to the input of the data transmission apparatus 23, where they are demodulated, descrambled, deinterleaved, decoded with direct error correction, Check for the presence of errors not corrected by the decoder. In the absence of errors, an ISO 8208 packet is formed from it, for example, and given to the input of a 24 AWP calculator, where it is again packaged in a packet intended for broadcast, for example, according to the X.25 protocol, via a terrestrial data network for consumers.

When transferring the packet in the opposite direction (from consumers to software 3), the message at the input / output 2 of the NK 1 is transmitted to the computer 24 AWP NK 1, where the packet is formed, for example, in accordance with ISO 8208, which is transmitted to the data transmission apparatus 23, where it is packaged in a data link layer packet containing verification sequences calculated using a redundant cyclic code (CRC), and carry out procedures similar to those previously discussed in the physical layer module 15 when generating the MB range signal.

For software 3, the radio signal through the selected SDA 33, nodes 32, 17 are fed to the SD PM 16, the output of which is fed to the input of the MFP 15, where it is demodulated, descrambled, deinterleaved, decoded with direct error correction, and then output to the MCU 14, where it is checked for errors not fixed by the decoder. In the absence of errors, the message is packaged in a packet, for example, in accordance with ISO 8208 and issued to the input MM 13, where it is formed for transmission via MI 12 to on-board users (blocks 5, 8, 9 or to bus 18).

The system develops a communication system table containing the coordinates of NK 1, their addresses, allowed communication frequencies, the data transfer modes that they support in the MB and DKMV bands, a time schedule for the emission of marker signals at each frequency of the DKMV band, the geometric dimensions of the corresponding software 3, locations installation of ShDA 33 on it, an electronic map of the terrain along possible routes of movement of software 3 and bring to each NK 1 via a ground data network through input / output 2 and to all software 3 served by the system during pre-flight th preparation for entry / exit 34.

At software 3, they begin to analyze the signals of markers MB and DKMV ranges, for example, for an aircraft, being parked in the airport zone after turning on the power and conducting automatic built-in control of technical health. Regardless of the functioning of the communication channel of the MB band, the software 3 constantly maintains the communication channel of the DKMV band with that NK 1, the channel quality with which is the best or acceptable.

While driving, each software 3 provides automatic selection of the operating frequency from the list of allowed frequencies, registration on the NK 1 on the selected channel, random or redundant access to the communication channel in multiple access mode with time division, data exchange with geographically dispersed ground complexes 1, combined using a terrestrial data network in a single system.

In the radio communication system, navigation and other data are exchanged over the MB range radio link between the ground complex 1 and the mobile objects 3 located within the radio horizon of the NK 1. The messages received by the ground radio station 22 from the air-to-ground channel are fed through the data transmission apparatus 23 to the ground computer 24 workstation, which can be performed on the basis of a serial PC. In it, in accordance with the exchange protocol adopted in the system, identification (comparison) of the software address 3 received in the message with the addresses of the moving objects stored in the memory of the computer 24 of the workstation is carried out. If the address of the moving object 3 coincides with the address stored in the list, information about the location, motion parameters of the software 3 and the state of its sensors are stored in the computer 24 arm. In the ground-based computer 24 AWP solve the problem of ensuring a constant stable radio communication with all N 3 software, and based on the information about the exact location of all software 3 and the parameters of their movement carry out the operation of storing messages in the ground-based computer 24 AWP and the necessary data are displayed on the monitor screen 27 AWP NK 1 in the form convenient for perception by the operator (dispatcher), they provide the necessary coordinates and motion parameters to the software 3, which is to participate in a communication session with the selected moving object 3.

When leaving at least one of PO 3 beyond the radio horizon NK 1 or approaching the boundary of a stable radio communication zone, the ground complex 1 determines software one of PO 3, which is designated as the first relay of messages. With a constant range change between PO 3 and NK 1, for a certain time any of N N 3 can be assigned as a repeater, the location of which is known and optimal in relation to the serving NK 1 and all other software 3. By analyzing the location and motion parameters of the others Software 3 determines the optimal path for message delivery to the mobile object 3 remote from the satellite 1 for the horizon, to the message recipient. The message from NK 1 through a sequential chain, consisting, if necessary, of several (from 1 to (N-1)) software 3, can be delivered to the desired software 3 - the recipient. To do this, on NK 1 in the shaper 26 of the type of relayed messages, the address of the software 3 assigned by the first relay, if necessary, the addresses of other mobile objects 3 - repeaters, and the address of the software 3 - recipient, providing the specified message traffic, are laid down in predetermined bits of the transmitted codegram. Received and converted to software 3 in devices 33, 32, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, messages are processed in block 9 of the analysis of the type of messages. If the message is reliable and intended for this software 3, then after analysis, the question of sending data via a bi-directional bus 18 to the control system of software 3, or of transmitting a message in relay mode to neighboring software 3, is solved. To avoid collisions, minimize the number of bits in the transmitted message and relay data sequentially in time. To solve a conflict with NK 1, with the help of a dispatcher, a corresponding message is sent to software 3, which is displayed on the screen of the airborne data recording unit 8 in the form of an agreed mark and forms in which, for example, the flight number or board number, flight altitude or other characteristics are displayed . Based on the data received from NK 1 in the on-board computer 5 software 3 together with the ground computer 24 AWP solve the problem of the presence of dangerous proximity with neighboring software 3 taking into account their predicted positions and possible maneuvers, determine the time of the next communication sessions with information consumers. According to the information displayed on the screen of the airborne unit 8 for data recording, the crew of software 3, in agreement with the dispatcher of the NK 1, if necessary, determines the direction of further movement.

For each software 3, the motion paths of neighboring software 3 and their current location according to data from NK 1, calculated in the on-board computer 5, the boundaries of the zone of stable communication, if necessary, are displayed on the screen of their own on-board unit 8 for data recording, and on the monitor screen 27 AWP, the trajectories of all PO 3 in the area of NK 1 using the marks characterizing the previous location of PO 3 generated by calculators 5 and 24. As PO 3 moves, obsolete marks are erased. During the preflight preparation of each moving object 3, using the input / output 34, the necessary data is loaded into the memory of the on-board computer 5 in the form of a system table containing lists of addresses, coordinates of ground complexes, communication frequencies assigned to them, etc. In NK 1, system tables are loaded using the input / output 2 of NK 1 for a terrestrial data network.

When priority messages for software 3 are transmitted from SC 1 in accordance with the urgency categories adopted in the radio communication system with mobile objects in the shaper 26 of the type of relayed messages, a message prohibition code is generated in the message header for the time allotted for broadcasting data from SC 1 to the selected software 3 taking into account the response time of software 3 to the received message and the delay time in the processing paths of discrete signals. The information received by the software 3 is displayed on the screen of the data recording unit 8 in the form of alphanumeric characters or in the form of dots and vectors. The remaining lower priority messages in accordance with the exchange protocol queue the corresponding category of urgency. In computers 5 and 24, the time of “aging” of information is determined, and if the message has not been transmitted to the communication channel for a period of time equal to the time of “aging”, then it is “erased” and a request is sent to send a new message.

When the NK 1 is operating in direct radio visibility (short-range communication) mode when signal relaying is not required, an address polling of software 3 is carried out by forming a message for transmission to the radio communication channel in accordance with the exchange protocol in the MB range. The message dialed by the dispatcher NK 1 on the AWP control panel 28 is displayed on the AWP monitor 27 and after transmitting the message through the computer 24, the data transmission apparatus 23, the radio station 20, the antenna 19, through the radio channel 30, on-board nodes 33, 32, 17, on-board wide-band radio frequency modules 16 software 3, the physical layer module 15, the channel layer module 14 of the communication communication module 11, the routing module 13 of the communication computing module 11, the interface module 12 of the computing communication module 11 are supplied to the on-board computer 5, where Identification of the address received in the message with the address of software 3. Then, through the interface module 12, the message is transmitted to the relay message type analysis unit 9 to decrypt the received message header (service part) and determine the operating mode of the software 3 software or to the on-board shaper 10 of the type of relay messages, if the moving object is in relay mode. The information part of the message is recorded in the memory of the on-board computer 5 and, if necessary, displayed on the screen of the data recording unit 8, which can be made in the form of a monitor, remote control or other display device. Using a certain format of the message header from the output of the on-board shaper 10 of the relayed messages type, the mode of free access to the communication channel for all moving objects 3 or the mode of fixed (redundant) access with a specific time interval for organizing data exchange with ground complex 1 or with the selected software are set 3.

NK 1 guarantees for each software registered on it 3 the required communication system characteristics, namely: the probability of timely delivery of a message with a given reliability and intensity of the message flow, for example, the probability that the average transmission delay of the message will not exceed the required threshold for communication reliability not worse than 10 ^{- 6} and fixed intensity with a posts stream bead ON 3. The average delay transmission of messages to a large extent due to the random access collisions and increases with increasing amount of software 3 using one communication channel in the mode of random multiple access, and with increasing intensity of the message flow from each software 3. Knowing the exact quantitative dependencies of these parameters for different data exchange modes, in NK 1 predict system characteristics depending on the number of software registered on one frequency channel 3 The registration of new software 3 is terminated (the “busy” flag of the communication channel is set in the marker) if the predicted system characteristics degrade below a predetermined level, thereby oyatnost random access collisions and hence delay in the transmission of messages. Thus, as a result of the analysis of the state and loading of radio channels in each NK 1, the probability of collisions of random access is predicted, and when this value exceeds the maximum permissible value, access to the NK 1 communication channels of new software 3 is terminated by the NK 1 command or switch to reserve frequencies .

In order to minimize the likelihood of random access collisions and not interfere with the current message transmission, a Carrier Listening Multiple Access Protocol (CSMA) is implemented. To do this, in the ADF 23, calculator 24 NK 1 and modules 15 of the physical level and 14 channel level software 3, by command from the on-board calculator 5, before transmitting each message, the channel is monitored (monitoring carrier utilization) to detect the preamble, header or useful part of the messages. A prepared message with software 3 is transmitted only if the radio channel is free. In order to spread in time the contact times of different moving objects 3 and NK 1, when, after busy the channel, all the correspondents found that the radio channel is free, in the calculator 24 NK 1 and in the module 14 of the channel level software 3 on the command from the on-board computer 5 form pseudo-random delays in transmitting messages from moving objects 3 (for each software 3 its own) and from NK 1. On each of software 3, the end time of the carrier frequency signal in the radio channel and synchronization pulses are used to initiate the calculation in the channel level module 14 and Tervala own transmission time, and within this interval the module 15 via the physical layer module 16 and the nodes 17, 32, 33 ON 3 transmit their own data packet.

Messages about the exact location of software 3, its wide-range antennas 33 relative to the body and its motion parameters from the outputs of the receivers 7 and 25 of the signals of global navigation satellite systems, for example, GLONASS / GPS, are recorded in the memory of computers 5 and 24 with reference to global time [3, 4, 5]. The exact synchronization of the slots used for the exchange of data between subscribers of the system, and their planned use for transmission is known to each subscriber of the system in relation to surrounding users with known coordinates. The control of the channel access protocol on each moving object 3 is carried out in the channel level module 14 using the on-board computer 5, and on the NK 1 - in the data transmission equipment 23 and the AWP 24 computer.

In calculators 5 and 24, the obtained data is used to calculate the navigation characteristics and motion parameters of each software 3. Depending on the selected time interval for issuing messages on the GPS 1 about the location of software 3 in calculator 5 at the specified time, a corresponding message is generated with reference to the global measurement time coordinates of software 3. This time is used in the computer 24 NK 1 for the well-known operation of constructing extrapolation marks for each software 3 [3]. In the data transmission equipment 23 NC 1 and modules 14 and 15 of the software 3 carry out well-known operations: modulation and demodulation, encoding and decoding.

Thanks to the ground-based data network with inputs / outputs 4, which combines all M NK 1, reliable information from remote over long distances (up to 4-6 thousand km or more) software 3, equipped with devices 14, 15, 16, 17, 36, 32 33 with the DKMV radio link control function, is communicated to all NK 1 of the radio communication system, although the remote software 3 keeps in touch with only one NK 1, the quality of marker signals of which is the best for software 3 at the moment.

In modules 14 and 15 of software 3 and on-board computer 5 (through modules 13, 12 of communication computing module 11), software 3 automatically analyzes the received marker signals from all ground complexes 1 at all frequencies and selects the best frequency (for example, by the criterion of the maximum measured by the demodulator at receiving the entire packet of an effective signal-to-noise ratio, taking into account the set of data transmission services provided by NK 1, as well as taking into account the serviceability of the NK 1 interface with a terrestrial data network). According to the effective signal-to-noise ratio measured at a selected frequency in module 15, in module 14 of computing module 11 of communication software 3, the maximum allowable data rate and the type of modulation and coding are selected. Evaluation of the signal-to-noise ratio is carried out by all NK 1 and software 3 of the system every time you receive any message packet. The value of the selected maximum allowable data rate is reported to the opposite side in the form of the recommended data rate. In the ground equipment 23 for data transmission when operating on the DKMV radio station 22 and in the on-board modules 15.14 PO 3, known algorithms of high-speed adaptive modems designed for operation in multipath channels can be used, for example, a demodulation algorithm using an equalizer with crucial feedback, Viterbi’s suboptimal reception algorithm as a whole with element-wise decision making under multipath conditions, a maximum likelihood algorithm with identification of the current channel parameters (impulse response channel characteristics) based on stochastic approximation methods and others.

Thus, each of software 3 can communicate at several operating frequencies, known to all participants in the movement. The lists of allocated frequencies change depending on the time of the year, and the operating frequency for each NK 1 from the list of allocated frequencies is activated for every hour or two hours. The compiled communication channel between PO 3 and the terrestrial consumer (source) of information, as a rule, will include an on-board data network and a terrestrial data network connected by a DKMV radio line 31. As soon as the quality of the communication channel 31 degrades below an acceptable level, onboard using the on-board computer 5 controlling the modules 14, 15 and 16 of the software 3, a new optimal operating frequency is selected based on the analysis of the propagation conditions of the radio waves and a new one corresponding to it NK 1. Thus , provide high reliability of information transfer during data exchange with software 3 located from NK 1 at distances from several hundred to 4-6 thousand kilometers [6].

The synchronization of the work of the terrestrial data transmission network is carried out on the basis of the use by all participants of the movement of the united global universal time (UTC) received from existing objects of the global navigation satellite system using receivers 7 and 25.

For the interaction of ground-based complexes 1, end users, and software 3, a ground-based data network with inputs / outputs 2 is used. It can be implemented by known methods, for example, when the NK 1 is internetworked through packet switching centers in accordance with the X.25 protocol [4, 7]. Connections between NK 1 and X.25 packet switching centers (routers) can be provided through specially allocated or leased communication channels. They will allow broadcasting a message addressed by a ground user to a specific software 3 to that ground complex 1 on which this software 3 is “registered” and where optimal conditions for receiving radio signals in the DKMV range are currently provided. The radio communication system with software 3 operates in automatic mode without operator intervention at the selected frequencies from the list of frequencies assigned during communication planning.

Messages about the location of the moving object and its motion parameters from the outputs of the receivers 7 and 25 of the signals of global navigation satellite systems, for example, GLONASS / GPS, are recorded in the memory of computers 5 and 24 with reference to global time [4, 5, 6]. Based on this data and the geometrical dimensions of the software, the location points on it of the antennas embedded in the on-board computer 5 at the input / output 34, and the message received from NK 1 about its location relative to the electronic terrain map, also embedded in the on-board computer 5 at the input / output 34 in block 36 determining the position of software 3 in space, the onboard SDA 33 are calculated, from which at the moment there is direct visibility to the NK 1 or a movable object selected for communication. And this operation is carried out all the while software 3 is on the route. The farther PO 2 is from the point of arrival or from the heavy traffic area, the less time is allocated for it to transmit data. Such information allows each NK 1 to organize highly efficient use of the frequency bands allocated for communication.

The combination of channels for transmission or the separation of channels for receiving radio signals can be carried out, for example, using diplexers - several pairs of high and low-pass filters (HPF and LPF), which have uniform amplitude-frequency and linear phase-frequency characteristics in given frequency intervals. A diplexer is, for example, a combination of the low-pass and high-pass filters, calculated in such a way that the sum of the real parts of the input conductivities should be close to unity, and the sum of the imaginary should be close to zero. Diplexers 32 additionally attenuate the spurious emissions of the transmitters as a part of the RM 32, which also improves the reliability of information transfer and ensures electromagnetic compatibility with other electronic means of a moving object.

When placing wide-band antennas 33 on PO 3, it is necessary to minimize the potential interference with the reception of certain radio stations from the noise of radio transmitters on the main receive channel, from the main radiation of the transmitters on non-main receive channels, from intermodulation interference arising from the simultaneous operation of several transmitters, by transmitting SDA 33 to the maximum possible distance along the surface of the structure so that for any type of maneuvers conducted by 3, there would be at least one SDA 33, with which espechivalas line of sight to the selected user.

The main advantage of using the devices 17, 36, 32 and 33, inputs / outputs 34 and 35, introduced into the software 3, is to increase the reliability of information transfer by automatically selecting the direct line of sight from software to ND or to software 3 selected for communication, regardless of which moving object of maneuver. The combination of channels for transmission or the separation of channels for receiving radio signals using diplexers 32 will reduce the number of protruding surfaces allocated for antennas to PO 3, and therefore, increase its speed and reduce fuel consumption.

The physical layer module 15 of software 3, controlled by the on-board computer 5, contains high-speed ADCs and DACs with a large dynamic range and is based on high-performance signal processors that digitally implement most of the functions of the physical layer, for example, frequency conversion, filtering, frequency synthesis, and reception pathogen. It is intended for the generation and processing of radio signals at the physical level (encoding / decoding, interleaving / deinterleaving, scrambling / descrambling data, modulation / demodulation, implementing adaptive methods for transmitting and receiving signals, bandpass filtering, frequency conversion, etc.). The channel level module 14, using the on-board computer 5, provides protocols for selecting communication frequencies, composing a communication line, exchanging line level data and accessing the air-to-ground subnet, exchanging software routing module 13 with software 3, providing fault-tolerant operation, and other procedures. Routing module 13 provides the distribution of air-to-ground messages received from MB and DKMV channels, for example, in the form of ISO 8208 packets to end users on board and in the opposite direction. The interface module 12 provides all the necessary interfaces with the on-board equipment, for example, according to the ARINC 429, ARINC 664, ARINC 646 protocols and others [7, 8, 9].

The nodes 17, 36, 32, 33 and modules 16, 15, 14 using the on-board computer 5 integrate the functions of the MB and DKMV radio stations, data transmission equipment (codec, modem) with software implementation of the equipment operating modes (types of modulation, coding) with the possibility introducing new modes of operation of the modules programmatically through the input / output 34, the on-board computer 5 and the corresponding series-connected modules 12 and 13 included in the communication computing module 11. The wide-band radio frequency module 16 contains radio frequency analog equipment. Computing communication module 11, which is part of software 3, provides functional interaction with airborne devices 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15 and event sensors 6.

The channel level module 14 using the on-board computer 5 is designed to control the selection of frequency channels, establish communication lines and register on NK 1, for packing, unpacking messages, controlling access to the channel, additional encoding / decoding with a redundant cyclic CRC code to detect errors that are not corrected at the physical level, automatic repeat request, cryptographic protection at the channel level, control of fault isolation and restoration of performance due to reconfiguration of the board new system, etc. It is implemented, for example, on a processor board 5066-586-133MHz-1MB, 2 MB Flash CPU Card from Octagon Systems.

The router module 13 interacts with the channel level module 14 at the subnet access level, for example, according to the ISO 8208 protocol in accordance with the specified data transfer modes and can be implemented on a universal computer such as a processor board 5066-586-133MHz-1MB, 2 MB Flash CPU Card from Octagon Systems.

The interface module 12 provides the interaction of the computing module 11 communication with avionics (devices 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) at different joints (for example, a discrete signal in accordance with ARINC 429, ARINC 664, ARINC 646, a single command) and through the on-board computer 5, the bi-directional bus 18 - with the control system of the moving object 3. It can be performed, for example, on the AFDX switch [8].

The physical layer module 15 provides parallel real-time processing of the signals of all K wide-range radio frequency modules 16, which are necessary together with the nodes 17, 32, 33 for organizing data transmission lines in the DKMV and MB bands. Moreover, in the event of a malfunction of one of the modules 16, using the on-board computer 5, a software module is connected instead of the failed module to another functional module 16 with the same functions. In this case, all the functions of processing and generating a signal of the corresponding radio communication channel, data processing and information closure (if necessary) will be performed by the software method in the form of complete software modules. Interaction of software modules will be carried out according to predefined interaction rules (protocols and interaction procedures, input and output data), which will ensure their prompt change (replacement of program code), if necessary, during the movement. This provides the ability to generate and process any signal and data, information closure, an interface with external equipment according to various algorithms and standards, even when software 3 is located, for example, at the borders of 2 zones of responsibility of automated air traffic control systems in which For data exchange between NK 1 and software 3, various data line modes are used, for example, VDL-2 and VDL-4. Thus, at the level of communication channels (physical, channel levels, including cryptographic protection of the channel, network access), nodes 33, 32, 36, 17, module 16, connected through module 15 of the physical layer to module 14 of the channel layer, provide compatibility with various types air-ground data lines. In addition, the module 15, by commands from the on-board computer 5, sets the transmission frequency, bandwidth, etc. Module 15 is built on high-speed signal processors, which include:

- Interfaces and gateways (input-output and data conversion) based on, for example, a matrix of gateways programmed by fields (FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)) no PCI technology (VME);

- signal processors, for example, type DSP ADSP-21060 (company Analog Devices), programmable logic integrated circuits EPF10K50 (company Altera), AVR ATmega16 controllers (company Atmel) for monitoring and controlling the processing process (for modem codecs, filters);

- a universal computing processor that implements air-ground data exchange protocols, detection and isolation of faults inside module 15, reconfiguration of module 15.

At the time of application submission, functioning algorithms and corresponding software of the claimed radio communication system have been developed. The nodes, radio channels and tires 1, 2, 4-16, 18-31 are the same as the prototype. Input nodes can be made: 17 - on serial high-frequency relays or on pin diodes, 32 - on open-frame L, C-elements and a multicore basis, 36 - programmatically in the on-board computer 5, 33 - in the form of a metal tape glued to the software surface together with protective radiolucent film. The (K + 1) th diplexer with radio frequency inputs / outputs for the electronic equipment of each group can be made, for example, from a set of pairs of high-pass and low-pass filters that span several frequency ranges.

The inventive model has the following advantages:

- information about the own parameters and characteristics of other subscribers, the current state of the ether and the algorithm of actions that subscribers of the system can perform, computational (software) resources, hardware capabilities provide a “flexible” programmable configuration change when the moving object performs any maneuver to ensure a given accuracy information transfer;

- combining with diplexers 32 not only radio communication channels, but also other radio-frequency inputs / outputs of the electronic equipment of a moving object, it will reduce the number of protruding surfaces allocated for antennas on PO 3 and, therefore, increase its speed and reduce fuel consumption;

- organization of a single synchronization in the radio network, the availability of a database of the current characteristics of the system subscribers with an input for the current update of arrays and the construction of equipment based on the principles of the software performing basic functions simplifies data exchange between system subscribers when performing maneuvers;

- increases the reliability of communication through the use of simultaneously different modes of the data line in different ranges, programmed selection of the required operating mode of the onboard wide-range equipment;

- the proposed structure can solve the problems of the transition from the development of on-board communication systems, the change in the characteristics of which is determined by a change in the hardware, to devices that are easily upgraded based on software with the same hardware.

LITERATURE

1. RF patent No. 44907.

2. RF patent No. 68211 (prototype).

3. D.S. Kontorov, Yu.S. Golubev-Novozhilov. Introduction to radar systems engineering. - M .: Owls. Radio, 1971, 367 pp.

4. B.I. Kuzmin “Digital Telecommunication Networks and Systems”, part 1 “Concept” of ICAO CNS / ATM. Moscow St. Petersburg: NIIER OJSC, 1999, 206 p.

5. GPS - a global positioning system. - M .: PRIN, 1994, 76 p.

6. Guidance on the HF data link (Doc9741 - AN / 962). First edition. - ICAO, 2000, 148 p.

7. ARINC 653-1. Standard avionics application software interfaces. 2003.

8. ARINC 664. On-board data network. In 7 parts, 2005.

9. Automated air traffic control systems: New information technologies in aviation: Textbook. The manual / P.M. Akhmedov, A.A. Bibutov, A.V. Vasiliev and others; under the editorship of S.G. Pyatko and A.I. Krasov. - St. Petersburg: Polytechnic, 2004.

Claims (1)

A radio communication system with mobile objects (PO), comprising M territorially spaced ground complexes (NK) and N mobile objects connected to each other by air-to-air communication channels of the MB range, as well as via air-to-ground radio channels MB and DKMV bands - with M ground-based complexes that are interconnected and with external subscribers through a land-based data network, each moving object contains K airborne wide-range radio frequency modules connected by two-way communications to the corresponding To the inputs / outputs of the onboard physical layer module (MFP), connected by two-way communications with the channel level module (MCU) of the communication computing module, which consists of bi-directional interfaces of the channel layer module, router module, and interface module, the inputs of the interface module are connected to the on-board sensors , the receiver of the global navigation satellite system, and the output is to the data recording unit, the second input / output is connected to the on-board analyzer of the type of received messages, t third input / output - to the on-board shaper of the type of relayed messages, the fourth input / output - to the on-board computer connected via a bi-directional interface to the on-board control system of a moving object, and each ground complex contains terrestrial antennas of MB and DKMV bands associated respectively with ground-based radio MB and DKMV bands connected by two-way communications through ground-based data transmission equipment to the first input / output of a computer of a workstation (AWS), the second input d / output of which is connected to the input / output of the NK for the terrestrial data network, the third input / output - to the shaper of the type of relayed messages, the fourth input / output - to the control input / output of the ground DKMV radio station, and the fifth input / output - to the control to the input / output of the terrestrial MB radio station, the first input of the workstation calculator is connected to the signal receiver of global navigation satellite systems, the second input is to the workstation control panel, and the output is to the workstation monitor, K is the required number of wide-range radio frequency a module for obtaining preset indicators of reliability of information transfer, characterized in that each software includes a unit for determining the position of software in space, connected by two-way communications to the corresponding input / output of the on-board computer and to the control input / output of a high-frequency switch, to the inputs / outputs of which are connected to the inputs / outputs To the onboard wide-range radio-frequency modules, and n · To the inputs / outputs (n = 2, 3, ...; n <K) - to the inputs / outputs of n groups consisting of K corresponding diplexers, the combined inputs / outputs of each group of K diplexers are connected to a wide-band antenna, the (K + 1) th diplexer of each group with radio frequency inputs / outputs for electronic equipment the moving object is also connected to the corresponding wide-range antenna, the control inputs / outputs of the onboard wide-range radio frequency modules, MCU and MFP are connected to the corresponding inputs / outputs of the on-board computer, which has an input / output for Loading the data.

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