RU2596200C1 - Layout scheme of truck chassis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to design of truck chassis, primarily of mine dump trucks. Layout scheme of truck chassis comprises frame on which are mounted drive axles with propulsors. To turn drive axles with propulsors are used hydraulic cylinders installed on frame. Each driving axle is equipped with rotary housing with an attached supporting and turning wheel, consisting of fixed and movable rings with running tracks, in contact with rolling bodies arranged there between. Movable or fixed ring of supporting and turning wheels are fixed on frame and corresponding to fixed or movable rings are fixed on rotary bodies, and hydraulic cylinders are connected with rotary bodies with possibility of providing their turning together with propellers relative to frame. Between Rotary bodies with supporting and turning wheels and drive axles are mounted suspension elements. Drive axles have levers, arms of which are connected with suspension, which are connected with rotary bodies with moving ring of supporting and turning wheel. At ends of frame there are paired limiters of rotation of rotary bodies with moving ring of supporting and turning wheel of drive axles. They are designed to limit rotation by means of stops of axles of vehicle by angles α and δ.

EFFECT: simplified design of said truck chassis layout scheme.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to transport machinery and relates to the design of the chassis of trucks, mainly mining trucks.

Known layout diagram of the chassis of a truck [MoAZ-7504 dump truck. [1, Electronic resource: http://belprommash.ru/users/bpm/files/buklet/moaz-7504.pdf. Access date 10/10/2014], containing a frame on which final drive gears of the front and rear axles with movers are mounted. Moreover, the front axle is made leading, and its propellers are rotary through a kinematic transmission system with hinges.

The disadvantage of this device is that in such a layout diagram of the truck chassis, for the control of the wheels, it is necessary to use a complex design of the pin connection of the final drives, while the transmission of torque to the wheels requires the use of a complex system of kinematic gears with hinges, which is not effective in providing cornering control truck. In addition, the use of one drive axle is not enough to ensure good off-road traffic of such a vehicle.

A known layout diagram of the chassis of a truck [2, patent RU 146875 U1, IPC B62D 61/10, priority 24.09.2013, published 20.10.2014], adopted as a prototype of a utility model and providing good cross-country ability and maneuverability on the road. This layout scheme is made with a 4 × 4 wheel arrangement, containing a frame on which final drive gears of the front and rear drive axles with propulsors are mounted. Moreover, the propellers of the front driving axle are made rotatable through a kinematic transmission system with hinges and hydraulic cylinders from the steering. To improve the quality of rotation of the vehicle, the final drive front axle gearboxes are equipped with an additional hydraulic cylinder mounted on the right side of the frame from the steering.

However, the disadvantage of the layout scheme for the prototype [2] is that it does not provide good stability of the truck when it is rotated. This is especially true when using the chassis on mining trucks. In addition, the prototype [2] also has some disadvantages of the analogue [1], regarding the presence of a complex system of kinematic gears in controlling the rotation of the propulsors, requiring additional maintenance. In addition, this kinematic gear design limits the carrying capacity of trucks to 360 tons.

The objective of the invention is to achieve a technical result aimed at simplifying the design of the layout diagram of the chassis of the truck, as well as aimed at improving its efficiency to simplify the rotation of the movers of the truck, and to increase its carrying capacity, improve maneuverability and stability in cornering.

The problem is solved in that the layout diagram of the truck’s chassis, made with a 4 × 4 wheel arrangement and containing a frame on which drive bridges are mounted with propulsion devices, for the rotation of which hydraulic cylinders mounted on the frame are used, has distinctive signs: the drive axles are fixed to the drive axles without ensuring their rotation relative to the driving axles, each of which is equipped with a rotary housing with a support-rotary circle attached to it, consisting of a fixed and movable ring with running paths in contact with the rolling bodies located between them, and the movable or fixed rings of the slewing rings are fixed on the frame and, accordingly, their fixed or movable rings are fixed on the rotary bodies, and the hydraulic cylinders are connected to the rotary bodies with the possibility of ensuring their rotation with the movers relatively frames.

Fastening the movers on the driving bridges without ensuring their rotation relative to the driving bridges will allow not to use elements of the kinematic transmission system that are complex in design and time-consuming to maintain.

The supply of driving axles with a rotary housing with a support-rotary circle attached to it, consisting of a fixed and movable ring with treadmills in contact with the rolling bodies located between them, is aimed at improving the ability of the truck’s skeleton to bear heavy weight loads and withstand side reactions from significant the magnitude of the forces acting during a turn on the truck chassis.

The fastening on the frame of movable or fixed rings of slewing rings and, accordingly, fixing on the rotary bodies of the driving bridges of their fixed or movable rings will allow for the possibility of their simple and reliable rotation relative to each other using a correspondingly simple control drive.

The connection of the hydraulic cylinders with the rotatable bodies of the driving axles with the possibility of their rotation together with the propulsors relative to the frame is aimed at simplifying the layout of the truck chassis, as well as increasing the stability of the vehicle during rotation and increasing the carrying capacity of vehicles to 400 tons or more.

Dependent features of the invention:

- between the rotary bodies with slewing rings and drive axles mounted suspension elements;

- the drive axles are equipped with central levers, the shoulders of which are connected to the suspension elements, which are also connected to the rotary housings with a movable ring of the slewing ring;

- at the ends of the frame there are installed pairwise rotation limiters of the rotary housings with a movable ring of the support-rotary circle of the driving bridges;

- between the rotation limiters of the rotary housings with a movable ring of the slewing ring there is an emphasis mounted on the rotary housing.

The invention is illustrated by illustrations, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of a truck - a mining truck; in FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of the bridges of a mining truck under its loading platform, FIG. 3 is the same as in FIG. 2, but with the rotation of the front axle of such a vehicle; in FIG. 4 is the same as in FIG. 3, but also turning the front axle; in FIG. 5 is a view A of FIG. 2 with a schematic diagram of a vehicle bridge device; in FIG. 6 is a section BB of FIG. 2 with a slewing ring part.

The front and rear axles of the mining truck are made in the form of unified bridges of the mining truck (Fig. 1), having movers or tracks (not shown) or wheels 1 mounted movably on the frame 2 on which the cargo platform 3 and the engine compartment are mounted 4 with cab 5.

Such a bridge contains a rotary housing 6 and a central housing 7 attached to it, connected to the side housings 8 on which the wheels 1 are mounted. The rotary housings 6 of the bridges are equipped with a slewing ring 9 (Fig. 1-6), consisting of a fixed composite ring 10 (Fig. 5, 6), which is fixed by the studs 11 (Fig. 6) on the frame 2 and the movable integral ring 12, which is fixed by the studs 13 on the rotary housing 6. The movable integral ring 12 is provided with treadmills 14 in contact with the bodies from above and below rolling - by rollers 15, located bubbled between them running track 16 of the fixed ring 10 of the composite.

Moreover, the slewing ring 9 is made with the possibility of its attachment to the frame 2 of the vehicle, and with the possibility of its rotation to the right and left using power cylinders 17 (Fig. 2-3) connected to the rotary body with a frame 2 of the vehicle. The power cylinders 17 are in communication with the control line of the steering hydraulic actuator (not shown).

At the ends of the frame 2 (Fig. 2-4), limiters 18 are installed in pairs. They are designed to limit the rotation of the common side bridges at angles α and δ. For this, stops 19 are located between the stops 18, fixed on the rotary bodies 6 of the bridges of the mining truck.

The central bodies 7 are connected to the rotary bodies 6 through central levers 20 (Fig. 5), the shoulders of which are connected to the suspension elements 21, for example, shock absorbers and / or dampers, which are also connected to the rotary body 6. The central body 7 can be connected to the rotary housing 6 using a mounting element, for example, a two-shouldered articulated lever 22.

When the mining truck moves in a straight line (Fig. 2), the working cylinders 17 are in a neutral position, and they do not receive fluid under pressure.

When turning a mining truck (Fig. 3), as a result of rotation of the steering wheel (not shown), by the driver from the cab 5 (Fig. 1), the fluid under pressure from the control line of the hydraulic steering enters the power cylinders 17 of the axles of the mining truck, and is monitored in these cylinders, the pressure by an electrohydraulic control system (not shown) depending on the magnitude of the required turn and road conditions.

As a result, initially the rotary housing 6 of the front part of such a vehicle, together with the movable integral ring 12 (Fig. 6), rotates along the rollers 15 of the slewing ring 9 by the required angle and rotates the wheels 1 (Fig. 3) depending on the angle of rotation of the steering wheel , followed by the termination of the flow of fluid under pressure into the power cylinders 17, which is carried out by a servo steering hydraulic system.

If necessary, further (steeper) rotation of the mining truck, the said steering wheel is rotated further, and the steering system provides rotation of the rotary housing 6 (Fig. 4) together with the wheels 1 of the rear of such a vehicle in a similar way, but in the opposite direction from its front parts. The rotation of the common bridges of the sides of the mining truck to the angles α and δ is limited by the contact of the stops 19 to the corresponding stops 18.

When you exit the turn of the mining truck, the rear part is first turned in the opposite direction, and then its front part, which corresponds to the movement in a straight line (Fig. 2).

Thus, the new use of the slewing ring in the bridge of a mining truck and the construction of this bridge described above in accordance with a utility model to ensure the rotation of a mining truck using the construction of the slewing ring described above or even using a simple design of the same operating principle - design a pivot assembly connecting the bridge of a mining truck with its frame will allow:

- apply eight tires of the same size instead of the traditionally used six tires, which is aimed at increasing the carrying capacity of a mining truck to 450 tons and above;

- to provide the ability to rotate two bridges of such a vehicle relative to its integral frame, which will significantly improve maneuverability and reduce the overall dimensions of a mining dump truck.

The invention is implemented in the construction of a BelAZ-75710 mining dump truck.

Information sources

1. MoAZ-7504 dump truck.

[Electronic resource http://belprommash.ru/users/bpm/files/buklet/moaz-7504.pdf. Access date 10/10/2014.

2. Patent RU 146875 U1, IPC B62D 61/10, priority 24.09.2013, publ. 10.20.2014 / prototype /.

Claims (5)

1. The layout diagram of the truck’s chassis, made with a 4 × 4 wheel arrangement and containing a frame on which drive bridges are mounted with propulsion devices, for the rotation of which hydraulic cylinders mounted on the frame are used, characterized in that the drive axles are mounted without providing their rotation relative to the leading bridges, each of which is equipped with a rotary housing with a support-rotary circle attached to it, consisting of a fixed and movable ring with racetracks in contact with located between them are rolling bodies, and the movable or fixed rings of the pivoting wheels are fixed on the frame and, accordingly, their fixed or moving rings are fixed on the rotary housings, and the hydraulic cylinders are connected to the driving axles with the possibility of ensuring their rotation together with the propulsors relative to the frame. 2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that between the rotary bodies with slewing rings and drive axles mounted suspension elements. 3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the driving axles are equipped with central levers, the shoulders of which are connected to the suspension elements, which are also connected to the rotary bodies with attached movable rings of the slewing rings. 4. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that at the ends of the frame are installed pairwise limiters of rotation of the movable rings of the slewing rings of the drive axles. 5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that between the limiters of rotation of the movable rings of the slewing rings there are stops fixed on the movable rings of the slewing rings of the drive axles.

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