RU2590426C2 - Processing machine, primarily electrical machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to machine building and can be used in electrical process machines, particularly grinding. Disclosed machine has a body forming a handle, accommodating working member drive motor. Body determines longitudinal axis of machine and comprises driven rotary or swinging working shaft with working member arranged across machine axis. Between end of machine body and mounting device for working shaft there is a rigid rectilinear connecting element with inclination relative to axis of machine. There is a rigid transmission shaft between shaft drive motor and working shaft arranged inclined to axis of machine working shaft has drive end and free end, which are located on different sides from machine axis.

EFFECT: result is multifunctionality of machine, which can be used, in particular, and for treatment of curved surfaces and profiles.

20 cl, 9 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a technological machine, especially to an electric technological machine, according to the restrictive part of paragraph 1 of the claims.

State of the art

There are many technological machines with a drive motor for bringing the working shaft into rotational or in reverse-rotational motion. In most cases, such machines are grinders or saws.

From the publication DE 19617477 A1 an electric hand-held grinding machine is known, comprising a shaft in the form of a hollow cylinder and made with it as a single angular head. A gripping area for the leading arm is provided on the shaft. This grinder has a grinding tool driven by an electric motor and located near the end side of the angle head, which is facing down in the working position.

Disclosure of invention

The invention relates to a technological machine, in particular to an electric technological machine, with a housing forming a handle in which a drive motor for a working body is located, the housing defining the first, longitudinal, axis of the machine, as well as with a working shaft driven into a rotational or reciprocating rotational movement used to install the working body and located across the longitudinal axis of the machine.

According to the invention, it is proposed to provide between the engine body of the technological machine and the mounting device for the working shaft a rigid, in particular rectilinear, connecting element that is inclined relative to the axis of the machine.

The main idea of the invention is to achieve a greater degree of freedom and greater ease of use when processing workpieces by means of a new design technological machine, for example in the form of a grinding machine. Due to the appropriate location of the working body relative to the handle, a multifunctional technological machine is realized, which is applicable, in particular, for processing curved surfaces and profiles, for example by grinding or polishing.

In this case, the working body is located across the machine body. The machine body, accommodating, among other things, the drive motor for the working body, contains the first grip area on its side, remote from the working body.

The machine body is determined by its axis - the first, longitudinal, direction, across which the working body of the technological machine is located.

Preferred embodiments of the processing machine in accordance with the present invention are characterized by the distinguishing features indicated in the dependent claims.

In a preferred embodiment, a rigid transmission shaft is provided between the shaft of the drive motor and the working shaft, inclined relative to the axis of the machine. A transmission shaft transmitting drive power from the motor shaft of the electric technological machine to the working shaft is inclined relative to the axis of the machine in order to obtain a sufficiently large free space for processing the workpiece in the working area of the working body. In special preferred embodiments, the transmission shaft transmitting drive power from the motor shaft of the electric technological machine to the working shaft is inclined relative to the axis of the machine in one plane or one direction, and in a more preferred embodiment, in at least two planes or directions.

In particular, a rigid transmission shaft between the engine shaft and the working shaft is used to transmit a correspondingly higher torque. In principle, the transmission from the drive motor shaft of an electric technological machine to the working shaft is also possible using a flexible shaft.

In a preferred embodiment, the transmission shaft, which can be, for example, rigid or flexible, is located at least partially in the connecting element between the engine housing and the mounting device for the working shaft. For this reason, this connecting element is made in the form of a hollow pipe and provides appropriate protection for the transmission mechanism. The connecting element itself can be made integral or consisting of several parts, for example, from two half-shells.

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting element is made rectilinear. According to the invention, the connecting element may consist, for example, of one or more metal parts fixed in the housing or on the housing of the machine.

In alternative embodiments, the implementation of the connecting element can also be made as a single unit with the motor housing. In one of such embodiments, the connecting element may be made, if necessary, of the same polymeric material as the engine housing.

To obtain a sufficiently large free space in the area of the working body, a rigid connecting element between the engine housing and the mounting device for the working shaft is located relative to the axis of the machine with an inclination at an angle α, this angle being usually in the range 5-85 °, in the preferred embodiment, 7 45 °, in an even more preferred embodiment, 10-30 °. In this case, the working shaft of the technological machine is located essentially perpendicular to the axis of the machine. The working shaft has a drive and free ends, and the drive end is functionally (kinematically) connected to the transmission shaft.

The technological machine of the invention, in a preferred embodiment, is configured such that the drive and free ends of the working shaft are located on opposite sides of the axis of the machine. The projection of the axis of the machine divides the axis of the drive shaft into two parts having essentially the same length.

Moreover, in a preferred embodiment of the technological machine proposed in the present invention, the axis of the machine is formed by the axis of the shaft of the drive motor.

In a preferred embodiment, the working shaft of the technological machine is removed from the machine body by a distance X of 2 to 30 centimeters. In a preferred embodiment, the distance X is 5-20 centimeters, in a particularly preferred embodiment, 5-15 centimeters.

In the case when the connecting element is made integrally with the motor housing, the distance Y between the axis of the working shaft and the secant plane II of the motor housing, determined by the inclination, in particular the beginning of the inclination, of this housing, is usually 10-30 centimeters, preferably 15 -25 centimeters.

Due to the appropriate location of the working body relative to the handle, that is, in particular, the frontal and central location of the working body at a known distance X in front of the handle, a large degree of freedom of movement of the working body relative to the workpiece is provided. In particular, a working body that is open and secured on only one side makes it possible to select many working provisions.

To improve the quality of processing uneven surfaces, for example curved surfaces and profiles, the working body can, for example, be equipped with a flexible grinding tool.

In a preferred embodiment, the processing machine comprises a control unit or setting the number of revolutions to match the speed on the circumference with the features of the surface being treated.

To implement the appropriate gear mechanism between the drive motor and the working body, the working shaft is functionally connected to the shaft of the drive motor through at least two transmission stages. In this case, the first gear stage is preferably located between the engine shaft and the transmission shaft. The second gear stage is located between the transmission shaft and the working shaft.

The first gear stage is preferably located between the bearing supporting the motor shaft from the side of the power flow outlet, i.e. from the side of the driven unit, and the bearing supporting the transmission shaft from the side of the power flow, i.e. from the host node.

In a preferred embodiment and, in particular, to obtain a straight and rigid transmission shaft that is inclined relative to the axis of the machine, it is provided that the gear stage is a combination of straight and bevel teeth interacting with each other. In this case, straight teeth are preferably located on the motor shaft. The oblique teeth of this gear stage are made on the transmission shaft, in particular on the spur gear.

In another preferred embodiment, the gear stage is made in the form of a crown gear. This favorably provides the possibility of implementing a compact mechanism for transmitting torque with a change in direction and without imposing strict requirements on the necessary tolerances in relation to the axial position of the transmission shaft. Due to this, the transmission shaft can be shifted to certain limits in the axial direction, without losing its operational reliability.

The transmission shaft contains a bearing mounted in the machine body. Another transmission shaft bearing may be located in the connecting element itself or also in the mounting device for the working shaft.

The electrical process machine of the present invention may be configured to operate on a mains supply. In this case, it has a cable for connecting to the electrical network.

However, in a particularly preferred embodiment, the machine contains one or more batteries for supplying it with the energy necessary for operation. Such a battery, for example a lithium-ion type, provides adequate autonomy of power and favorably enhances operational comfort, contributing to a high degree of mobility of the technological machine.

Such a battery is preferably located in the machine body and is configured to be connected to it, in particular in a detachable manner.

In a preferred embodiment, the battery can be made, for example, with the possibility of installing it in the machine as a removable unit. In a preferred embodiment, such a battery may slide into the machine body from the rear of the handle.

In alternative embodiments, however, the battery may also be integrated into the machine body and fixedly mounted there with the possibility of charging through the charging contacts brought out.

Other advantages of the technological machine proposed in the present invention are presented in the drawings below and in the corresponding description.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The drawings depict exemplary embodiments of the invention. The drawings, description and claims contain numerous distinctive features in combination. Specialists in this field can expediently consider these distinctive features individually and combine them into other preferred combinations.

The drawings show:

figure 1 - schematic representation (top view) of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention,

figure 2 is a schematic representation (side view) of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention, with the working body installed,

on figa is a view in section of a technological machine corresponding to the present invention and shown in Fig 1,

on figb - an example implementation of the second stage of the transfer of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention (enlarged detailed image),

on figv - an example of the first stage of the transfer of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention (enlarged detailed image),

figure 4 - technological machine corresponding to the present invention, with an additional grinding frame in the field of the working body,

figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a technological machine corresponding to the present invention, with a grinding frame and with an additionally installed device for dust extraction,

on figa-6g - various operating positions of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention, relative to the workpiece,

Fig.7 - various working bodies mounted on the working shaft of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention,

on Fig is a view of the end part (from the side of the working shaft) of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention, with another installed working body,

figure 9 is an alternative installation of another working body on the working shaft of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention.

Description of Embodiments

Figure 1 shows the technological machine 10 corresponding to the present invention, made in the form of a manual electric technological machine and comprising a motor housing 12, the rear part 14 of which is made in the form of a handle 16.

An electric motor 18 is located in the housing 12 (see also, in particular, Fig. 3a), which can be connected to a current / voltage source via a network cable 20. The motor 18 is turned on by means of a switching element 22 located on its housing, as a result of which motion shaft 24 of the engine. The housing 12 and, in particular, the motor shaft 24 located in this housing define the first longitudinal axis 26 of the machine, which usually passes through the center of the cross section of the rear portion 14 of the engine housing. The first longitudinal axis 26 of the machine is determined, in particular, by the motor shaft 24.

The area of the handle 16 in this case is usually located between two secant planes I and II of the cross section of the motor housing. The plane I is located at the end of the technological machine remote from the working body. Plane II is determined by the location of the engine housing 12, where the inclination of this housing relative to the longitudinal axis 26 of the machine begins.

The technological machine 10 corresponding to the present invention further comprises a working shaft 28 which is driven in a rotational or reverse-rotational motion and whose axis 30 extends transversely, in particular at a right angle, of the first, longitudinal axis 26 of the technological machine.

In this case, the working shaft 28 of the technological machine 10 is removed from the motor housing by a distance X of 2 to 30 centimeters, in the preferred embodiment, 5-20 centimeters, in a particularly preferred embodiment, 5-15 centimeters. To this end, between the end of the motor housing and the adjusting device 34 for the working shaft 28, a rigid connecting element 32 is provided, which is inclined relative to the axis 26 of the machine. The connecting element 32 is made rectilinear, that is, it does not have large curved sections.

In alternative embodiments, the implementation of the connecting element 32 may, in particular, be made integral with the housing 12 of the engine, as a result of which the distance X between the "housing 12" and the "connecting element 32" will be essentially zero. In this case, the connecting element will, in particular, be a section of the housing located between the handle and the mounting device for the working shaft. In these embodiments, the engine housing comprises a first substantially cylindrical portion (between the planes I and II in FIG. 1), which is made, for example, in the form of a handle of a technological machine and which determines the position of the first axis of this machine. This first, longitudinal, axis 26 of the machine is determined, in particular, by a motor shaft 24 located in the housing of the latter. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the engine housing comprises a second portion inclined with respect to the first portion. The second portion of the engine housing may comprise a transmission shaft, in particular a rigid transmission shaft. The mounting device 34 for the working shaft can also be made integrally with the motor housing or integrated into the latter as a separate structural element, for example by injection molding or gluing.

In both cases (with a connecting element made as a whole with the engine housing or separately from it), the distance Y between the axis of the working shaft and the secant plane II of the engine housing, determined by the inclination, in particular the beginning of the inclination, of this housing, is usually 10-30 cm , in a preferred embodiment, 15-25 centimeters.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the connecting member 32 between the housing and the mounting device 34 for the working shaft is made of metal material, in contrast to the motor housing itself, made in particular of a polymeric material.

In alternative embodiments, where the connecting element is also integral with the engine housing, this connecting element is preferably made of the same polymeric material as the engine housing.

Figure 2 shows a side view of the technological machine 10 corresponding to the present invention, with the mounted working body 44, for example, a saw blade. As a working body, a grinding roller or roller or other similar tool can also be used.

In the embodiment shown in figures 1-3, the connecting element 32 is installed in the motor housing (see, in particular, figa) and is made in the form of a hollow pipe.

In the connecting element 32 is placed the transmission shaft 36, which in the embodiment shown in figure 3, is made in the form of a rectilinear rigid shaft.

In principle, the transmission shaft 36 may, however, also be in the form of a flexible shaft.

The working shaft 28 is connected to the motor shaft 24 by means of, in particular, the transmission shaft 36. In particular, the working shaft 28 is operatively connected to the shaft 24 of the drive motor / armature 18 via two transmission stages 56 and 58.

The first gear stage 56 (see, in particular, FIG. 3 c) is a combination of straight teeth on the engine shaft 24 and bevel teeth on the spur gear 38 located in the region of the end of the transmission shaft 36 facing the engine shaft. In a preferred embodiment, the first the transmission stage has a gear ratio in the range from 2: 1 to 9: 1, in a particularly preferred embodiment, from 3: 1 to 7: 1, in particular from 4.5: 1 to 6: 1.

In particular, the first transmission stage 56 is located between the motor shaft bearing 40 from the side of the power flow outlet, i.e. from the side of the driven unit, and the bearing 42 of the transmission shaft 36 from the side of the power flow, i.e. from the side of the host assembly, thereby increasing the stability of the transmission mechanism and, consequently, the transmission.

A second transmission stage 58 is provided between the transmission shaft 36 and the working shaft 28. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the second transmission stage 58 is a bevel gear 68 located between the transmission shaft 36 and the working shaft 28 and having an angle that is usually 60-80 °, in particular approximately 70 °.

In a preferred embodiment, the second transmission stage has a gear ratio in the range from 1: 1 to 3: 1, in a particularly preferred embodiment, from 1: 1 to 2: 1.

Due to such an advantageous design, the transmission shaft can be slightly displaced inside the ring gear 68 in the direction of its axis without loss of functional connection and without distortion of both gear wheels of the transmission. In this sense, the execution of the second gear stage of the technological machine proposed in the present invention in the form of a crown gear provides very wide manufacturing tolerances and allows, in particular, the use of a rigid transmission shaft.

Figure 4 shows the end part of the technological machine corresponding to the present invention, with the working body 44 installed in the form of a grinding roller, mounted in the mounting fixture 34 of the working shaft 28, and with an additional grinding frame 46. As follows from the drawing, the use of the grinding frame 46 gives the possibility of processing without warping smooth surfaces 48. In this case, the grinding frame 46 and the handle 14 can rotate independently of each other around the axis of rotation 30 of the working shaft 28. When grinding is applied to frame 46 this favorably ensures good (without warping) wiring of the machine. Using the grinding frame 46 is carried out, in particular, the wiring of the working body 44 on the machined surface 48.

On the grinding frame 46 (or, in an alternative embodiment, instead of it), an apparatus 50 for suctioning dust may additionally be installed, which comprises a dust extraction line 52 and surrounds the working body. In the area of contact of the working body with the workpiece (see also Fig. 5), the dust extraction device is open to provide this contact.

On figa-6g presents four examples of various possible operating positions proposed in the present invention, the technological machine 10 and, in particular, the working body 44, made in the form of grinding means. Due to the original location of the grinding means relative to the handle, that is, in particular, the fact that the grinding roller 44 is installed in the center and at a known distance X in front of the end part of the handle and, in particular, perpendicular to the latter, processing can be carried out in a normal way and in a simple way hard-to-reach sections of the workpiece 50.

To improve the quality of processing uneven surfaces, for example, curved surfaces and profiles, the technological machine according to the present invention can be equipped with various working bodies, in particular various flexible grinding and polishing means, including, but not limited to, the embodiments shown in FIG. 7a-7d. So, for example, in figa you can see the grinding sleeve on a sliding holder, in fig.7b - a plate grinding tool, in figv - a wire brush, in fig.7g - a nylon brush and in fig.7d - the so-called fluder brush. In addition, various other working bodies can be used, such as polishing rollers or ceramic grinding wheels.

Using suitable grinding or sawing means, one example of which is shown in Fig. 8, it is easy to provide the possibility of processing profiles, for example recesses in sheet pile joints.

The technological machine proposed in the present invention also provides the possibility of face grinding on the working shaft, as, for example, shown in Fig.9. The working body 44 in the embodiment shown in Fig.9, contains an end working surface (for example, grinding) 60, through which it is possible to process the workpiece 50.

The exemplary embodiment of the technological machine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 9 is also characterized in particular by the fact that a battery-operated technological machine is shown here. At the end of the engine housing 12, opposite the working shaft 28, a battery pack 64 is provided which is inserted into the housing 12 and which can be removed from the latter, for example for charging. The battery pack 64 can be made, for example, on a lithium, in particular lithium-ion, base and provide, in particular, a voltage of 10.8, 14.4 or 18 volts. Of course, other voltage values are possible.

In alternative embodiments, the battery pack can also be integrated into the engine housing 12 and fixedly mounted there with the possibility of charging, for example, through the charging contacts brought out.

In a preferred embodiment, the proposed technological machine contains a control unit or set the number of revolutions to coordinate the speed on the circumference of the working shaft with the features of the work surface. This regulation or setting the speed can be carried out, for example, by means of a switching element 22 or a corresponding controller provided on the housing.

The use of the processing machine of the present invention is not limited to grinding and polishing. It can also be implemented, for example, in the form of a saw / cutting machine by installing the corresponding saw / cutting nozzle on the working shaft.

In addition, the technological machine of the invention is not limited to using only a purely rotational drive of the working shaft. In all embodiments, and in particular in all shown or described embodiments, this machine can also be implemented as a technological machine with an oscillating (oscillatory) drive, in which the working shaft rotates about a certain zero position and within a certain angular range, in particular a certain range of variation of the entered angle.

In the present description presents a technological machine of a new design, in particular a grinding, cutting or polishing machine, providing greater ease of use when processing workpieces and a greater degree of freedom for orienting the machine relative to the workpiece. Due to the original arrangement of the working body relative to the handle, that is, in particular, the fact that it is installed in the center and at a known distance X in front of the end part of the handle and, in particular, perpendicular to the latter, processing of curved surfaces or profiles can be performed. This, in particular, is also ensured by the open arrangement and only one-sided fastening of the working body on the machine body. The open location of the working body at a known distance from the handle allows you to process hard-to-reach sections of the workpiece. In addition, the user clearly sees the area affected by the working body, which ensures accurate positioning of the latter. The technological machine of the present invention provides for the modular use of a wide variety of working bodies, such as grinding, polishing or cleaning agents.

Thanks to the use of the grinding frame connected to the technological machine, the possibility of simple and reliable, without warping, processing large and even surfaces is ensured. In this case, the grinding frame and the handle can be rotated independently of each other around the axis of rotation of the working shaft, so that despite the presence of the grinding frame superimposed on the workpiece, a good, in particular without distortion, wiring of the machine is ensured.

Depending on the need, the technological machine corresponding to the present invention may be equipped with a device for suctioning dust located in the area of the working body.

Claims (20)

1. Technological machine (10), primarily an electric technological machine, comprising a housing (12) forming a handle (16), in which a drive motor (18) is located to drive the working body (44), and the housing (12) determines the longitudinal the direction of the axis (26) of the machine, as well as containing the working shaft (28), driven into rotational or reverse-rotational motion, used to install the working body (44) and located across the axis (26) of the machine, characterized in that between the end of the housing ( 12) cars located on the side tightening, and a mounting device (34) for the working shaft (28) provides a rigid, in particular rectilinear, connecting element (32), inclined with respect to the axis (26) of the machine, the working shaft (28) has a drive end and a free end, between the shaft (24) of the drive motor (18) and the working shaft (28) has a rigid transmission shaft (36), inclined with respect to the axis (26) of the machine, and the drive and free ends of the working shaft (28) are located on opposite sides of the axis ( 26) cars. 2. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid transmission shaft (36) is located at least partially in the connecting element (32). 3. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid connecting element (32) is located relative to the axis (26) of the machine with an inclination at an angle α, which is in the range from 5 to 85 °, in the preferred embodiment, from 7 to 45 ° , in an even more preferred embodiment, from 10 to 30 °. 4. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the working shaft (28) is perpendicular to the axis (26) of the machine. 5. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis (26) of the machine is the axis of the shaft (24) of the drive motor (18). 6. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis (26) of the machine divides the working shaft (28) into two parts, in particular having the same length. 7. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the working shaft (28) is removed from the body (12) of the machine at a distance X of 2 to 30 cm, preferably 5 to 20 cm, particularly preferred 5 to 15 cm. 8. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the working shaft (28) is functionally connected to the shaft (24) of the drive motor (18) by means of a rigid transmission shaft (36). 9. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the working shaft (28) is functionally connected to the shaft (24) of the drive motor (18) via at least two transmission stages (56, 58). 10. The technological machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the first transmission stage (56), in particular the first transmission stage with a gear ratio in the range from 3: 1 to 7: 1, is located between the engine shaft (24) and the transmission shaft ( 36). 11. Technological machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the second transmission stage (58), in particular the second transmission stage with a gear ratio in the range from 1: 1 to 1: 2, is located between the transmission shaft (36) and the working shaft ( 28). 12. Technological machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the first transmission stage (56) is located between the bearing (40) supporting the motor shaft (24) from the power flow outlet side and the bearing (42) supporting the transmission shaft (36) from the power supply side. 13. Technological machine according to one of paragraphs. 9-12, characterized in that the gear stage (56, 58), in particular the first gear stage (56), contains a combination of straight and bevel teeth interacting with each other. 14. Technological machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the straight teeth are located on the shaft (24) of the engine. 15. Technological machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the oblique teeth are made on the transmission shaft (36), in particular on a cylindrical gear wheel (66) of the transmission shaft (36). 16. Technological machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the transmission stage (56, 58), in particular the second transmission stage (58), comprises an angular transmission mechanism, in particular a crown transmission (68). 17. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a network cable (20) for connecting to an electric network. 18. Technological machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a battery (64) suitable for storing energy consumed during operation. 19. Technological machine according to p. 18, characterized in that the battery (64) is located in the housing (12) of the machine. 20. Technological machine according to p. 18, characterized in that the battery (64) is made with the possibility of detachable connection with the body (12) of the machine.

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