RU2589230C1 - Poultry slaughter and evisceration line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building; food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for treatment of poultry, and can be used in poultry-processing industry in poultry processing shops. Line for killing and evisceration of poultry with capacity of less than 2,000 units/h, consisting of two conveyors, slaughter and evisceration, carriers poultry carcasses in special suspensions, which are processed in both machines slaughter conveyor and evisceration line, characterised by that suspensions on evisceration conveyor are installed with pitch in 1.5 times and more exceeding suspensions pitch on slaughter conveyor, evisceration conveyor speed is 1.5 times and more exceeding slaughter conveyor speed and equal to evisceration conveyor speed in evisceration line with output of 3,000 pc/h, and machines with drive from evisceration conveyor and performing evisceration operations contain, respectively in 1.5 and more times less working members than corresponding machines in evisceration line with capacity of 3,000 pc/h.

EFFECT: automation of poultry slaughter and evisceration lines with capacity of less than 2,000 pcs/h of poultry carcasses evisceration operations without loss of quality of processing, simplified design of evisceration line machines and reduced cost of line.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering for the food industry, in particular to equipment for processing poultry, and can be used in the poultry industry in poultry processing workshops.

Known lines of slaughter and gutting of birds, consisting of a suspension conveyor carrying special carcasses of poultry carcasses that are processed by machines (electrical damping, hot water or steam, removal of plumage, separation of heads and cutting of legs), and other operations are performed manually (slaughter, cutting cesspools, opening the abdominal cavity, removing the viscera, separating the heart, liver, muscle stomachs, goiter, trachea, esophagus, neck and eating cut legs from the conveyor suspensions). These are lines of low productivity - 500-1000 units / hour (Prospect of the company Stork, Netherlands, p. 7, Agroprodmash - 2014). The disadvantage of such lines is the predominance of manual labor: the higher the productivity of the line (i.e., the speed of the conveyor), the more workers are required. In addition, a large number of workers negatively affect the sanitary well-being of the final product (a large number of contacts of the product with the hands of workers).

Known poultry slaughter and evisceration lines with a productivity of 2000 pcs / hour and higher, consisting of two overhead conveyors (slaughter conveyor and evisceration conveyor) carrying poultry carcasses in special pendants, which are processed by machines and manually. Both conveyors have the same suspension installation step on the conveyor and move at the same speed (synchronized using frequency converters). Performing for the lines of such performance one carrier conveyor is impractical, because it turns out to be too long, which requires the installation of several drives on it and makes it difficult to plan the workshops for slaughtering birds. On the first conveyor (slaughter conveyor), the machines electrically kill the bird, slaughter it, bleed it, use hot water or steam, remove plumage, separate heads and cut off legs. Next, the bird is handed over to the gutting conveyor (second conveyor), on which manual operations are performed for excision of the cloaca, opening of the abdominal cavity, extraction of viscera, veterinary examination, separation of the heart, liver, muscle stomachs, goiter, trachea and esophagus, neck and automatic dumping of bird carcasses from conveyor suspensions to a conveyor or trough feeding bird carcasses to a cooling conveyor.

The disadvantage of such lines is the predominance of manual labor and a large number of contacts of the product with the hands of workers, which negatively affects the sanitary well-being of the product and therefore requires additional measures to eliminate this drawback. In addition, with manual gutting, starting with a line capacity of 6000 pcs / h, it is necessary to install two gutting conveyors with a capacity of 3000 pcs / h, because at a productivity of 6000 pcs / h, the speed of the evisceration conveyor is too high to carry out technological operations manually and to carry out veterinary examination.

Closest to the technical nature of the present invention are slaughter and gutting lines with a productivity of 2000 pcs / hour and above, consisting of two overhead conveyors carrying in special suspensions installed with the same pitch, poultry carcasses that are processed by machines as on a slaughter conveyor, and on the gutting conveyor. (Prospectus of Stork, The Netherlands, p. 7, Agroprodmash - 2014). Both conveyors move at the same speed (synchronized using frequency converters). On the first conveyor (slaughter conveyor), the machines electrically kill the bird, slaughter it, bleed it, use hot water or steam, remove plumage, separate heads and cut off legs. Further, the bird is automatically or manually transferred to a hitch to the evisceration conveyor (second conveyor), on which machines are used for cutting cloaca, opening the abdominal cavity, extracting viscera, separating the heart, liver, muscle stomachs, goiter, trachea and esophagus, neck and discharge carcasses from the conveyor suspensions to a conveyor or a chute feeding poultry carcasses to a cooling conveyor. Machines that automate the technological operations of evisceration are driven by the traction member of the overhead conveyor, and are rotating rotors equipped with perimeter working bodies arranged in increments equal to the pitch of the suspensions carrying bird carcasses on the traction member of the overhead conveyor. (Prospectus of Stork, The Netherlands, p. 13, Agroprodmash - 2014). The number of working bodies on the machine depends on the size of the type of bird being processed, the suspension spacing, the type of technological operation and the allowable pressure angles of the cam mechanisms that control the working bodies. For example, a machine for extracting internal organs from broiler chickens has 24 working bodies, and from quail carcasses - 12 working bodies.

However, the above-described conveyor of evisceration of a poultry processing line, automating almost all technological operations, cannot be used in lines with a productivity of 500-1000 pcs / hour for economic reasons due to the high cost. Therefore, in the EU countries, such evisceration conveyors are used starting from a productivity of 2000 pcs / hour, and in Russia - starting from 3000 pcs / hour (due to the lower wages of workers). For example, for Russian conditions, a machine for removing internal organs from broiler chickens in a line with a capacity of 6000 pcs / hour replaces 10 workers, in a line with a capacity of 3000 pcs / hour - 5 workers, and in a line with a capacity of 500 pcs / hour - 1 worker . In the first case, the car will pay off in 1 year, in the second - in 2 years, and in the third in 10 years.

The objective of the present invention is the automation in the slaughter and gutting lines of low productivity poultry (less than 2000 pieces / hour) of the operations of eviscerating poultry carcasses without losing the quality of their processing, simplifying the design of the gutting line machines and reducing the cost of the line.

The solution to the technical problem is achieved by the fact that in the line for slaughter and gutting poultry with a productivity of less than 2000 pcs./hour, consisting of two suspended conveyors - slaughter and gutting, carrying special carcasses in pendants that are processed by machines both on the slaughter conveyor and on evisceration conveyor, suspensions on the evisceration conveyor are installed with a step 1.5 and more times greater than the suspension spacing on the slaughter conveyor, the speed of movement of the evisceration conveyor is 1.5 or more times higher than the speed of the slaughter conveyor and equal to the speed of the evisceration conveyor capacity of 3000 pcs / hour, and machines that drive from the traction body of the evisceration conveyor and perform operations of evisceration, respectively contain 1.5 or more times less working bodies than the corresponding machines in the evisceration conveyor with a capacity of 3000 pcs / hour.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the installation in the slaughter and evisceration lines of low productivity poultry evisceration conveyor with a step several times greater than the suspension installation step on the slaughter conveyor allows several times increase the speed of the evisceration conveyor compared to the slaughter conveyor to the speed of the evisceration conveyor 3000 pcs / hour, while reducing the number of working bodies on machines that perform gutting operations without losing the quality of processing poultry carcasses, simplify the design of m Ashin and thereby reduce the cost of the line.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed slaughter and evisceration line is distinguished by the step of installing suspensions on the evisceration conveyor, the ratio of the slaughter and evisceration conveyor speeds and the number of working bodies of evisceration machines, which makes it possible to automate the evisceration of low-productivity lines, simplify the design of evisceration conveyor machines and reduce line cost. Thus, the claimed device meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Comparison of the proposed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions did not reveal signs that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "significant differences".

The technical solution is illustrated in the drawing.

In FIG. 1 shows a line of slaughter and gutting of a bird;

In FIG. 2 shows the installation of pendants for poultry on a slaughter conveyor;

In FIG. 3 shows the installation of poultry hangers on an evisceration conveyor;

In FIG. 4 shows the location of the working bodies on the machines of the evisceration conveyor with a productivity of 500 and 1000 pcs / hour.

The slaughter and evisceration line consists of a slaughter conveyor 1, evisceration conveyor 2, pendants for poultry 3 mounted on the traction organ “a” of the slaughter conveyor with a step “t”, and on the traction organ “a” of the evisceration conveyor 2 with a step “t × n ", where" n "is greater than or equal to 1.5.

On the slaughter conveyor 1, an electric puffing device 4 is installed, a poultry slaughtering machine 5, a bleeding trough 6, a bathe 7, a plumage removal unit from poultry carcasses 8, a carcass head separation machine 9, a poultry carcass head cutting machine 10, a cutter 11 of cut legs from pendants 3.

On the evisceration conveyor 2, there is a machine for cutting cloaca and opening the abdominal cavity of poultry carcasses 12, a machine for extracting viscera from poultry carcasses 13, a machine for removing goiter, trachea and esophagus from poultry carcasses 14, a machine for separating the neck and internal and external washing of poultry carcasses 15, a bird carcass remover 16. The taken bird carcasses are transferred to a cooling conveyor 17.

The line of slaughter and gutting works as follows.

A live bird is manually hung by the legs on a slaughter conveyor 1 on pendants 3. Suspension 3 is installed on the traction body "a" of the conveyor 1 with a step "t". For broiler chickens, this step is: for domestic traction organs - 160 mm, for imported ones - 152.4 mm (6 inches). With the “P” productivity of the slaughter conveyor 1 equal to 500 pcs / h, the conveyor speed V1 will be 1.33 m / min (For import - 1.27 m / min). With the “P” productivity of the slaughter conveyor 1 equal to 1000 pcs / h, the conveyor speed V1 will be 2.66 m / min (For imported - 2.54 m / min). The bird is transported by slaughter conveyor 1 through machines 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, in which it is electrically drowned, slaughtered, bleeding, spear, feathering, head separation and leg cutting, after which the bird carcasses are transferred to the conveyor gutting 2.

The evisceration conveyor 2 when processing broiler chickens always has a V2 speed of 8 m / min (7.62 m / min for imported), which corresponds to a productivity of P = 3000 pcs / h and in which one veterinarian can perform a non-automated veterinary examination in accordance with permissible standard time for this operation.

Suspension brackets 3 are mounted on the traction unit “a” of conveyor 2 with a step of “t × n”: for a line of 500 units / hour n = 3000: 500 = 6, and for a line of 1000 units / hour n = 3000: 1000 = 3. Thus, this step will be 960 mm for domestic traction units of conveyor 2 with a capacity of 500 pcs / hour, 914.4 mm (36 inches) for imported ones, and 480 mm and 457.2 mm for productivity of 1000 pcs / hour (18 inches), respectively (see Fig. 4).

Machines 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, automating the technological operations of evisceration, are driven by the traction organ “a” of the evisceration conveyor 2 and are rotating rotors equipped with perimeter working bodies arranged in increments equal to the location of the suspensions 3 carrying carcasses of a bird, on the traction body of the evisceration conveyor 2. The number of working bodies on the machine depends on the size of the type of bird being processed, the suspension spacing, the type of technological operation and the allowable pressure angles of the cam mechanisms that control the worker mi bodies. For example, a machine for extracting internal organs from broiler chickens, designed for a gutting conveyor with a capacity of 3000 pcs / h with a suspension pitch of t = 160 mm, has 24 working bodies. When such a machine 13 is installed in the evisceration conveyor 2 with a capacity of 500 pcs / hour, 4 working bodies “b” are mounted on it (instead of 24), and when installed in a conveyor with a capacity of 1000 pcs / hour - 8 working bodies “b” ( instead of 24). Similarly, the number of working bodies for all remaining machines 12, 14, 15 and 16 of the evisceration conveyor 2 is reduced. Similarly, machines are calculated and installed in the slaughter and evisceration lines of low productivity of other bird species (quails, ducks, geese, turkeys, etc. .) having other steps “t” between the suspensions.

When the gutting conveyor 2 is operating with a capacity of 500 pieces / hour and 1000 pieces / hour, the conveyor speed (V2) is the same and equal to 8 m / min (7.62 m / min), i.e. It is equal to the speed providing high-quality veterinary examination of carcasses of a bird by one veterinarian. At the same time, the gutting machines (12, 13, 14, 15 and 16), which are driven by the traction body “a”, rotate at the same speed equal to the speed of rotation of the machines in the gutting line with a capacity of 3000 pcs / hour for which they were designed. This provides the estimated speed of movement of all the elements of the working bodies "b" of gutting machines at any productivity, i.e. the quality of processing of poultry carcasses in this case does not depend on the performance of the evisceration lines.

Thus, the installation of suspensions on the evisceration conveyor with a step that is 1.5 times or more greater than the step of the suspensions on the slaughter conveyor, an increase in the speed of movement of the evisceration conveyor by 1.5 or more times relative to the speed of the slaughter conveyor up to the speed of the evisceration conveyor with a productivity of 3000 pcs / hour, installation on machines having a drive from the traction body of the evisceration conveyor and performing evisceration operations, respectively, have 1.5 and more times fewer working bodies than the corresponding machines in the evisceration conveyor with a capacity of 3000 pcs / h s, automates lines in slaughter and evisceration of poultry low performance (less than 2000 pieces. / h) eviscerating operation carcasses of poultry without loss of quality of their processing, simplifies eviscerating machine design and thereby reduces the cost of the whole line.

Claims (1)

A line for slaughter and evisceration of poultry with a productivity of less than 2000 pcs / hour, consisting of two overhead conveyors - slaughter and evisceration, carrying special carcasses of poultry carcasses, which are processed by machines on both the slaughter conveyor and the evisceration conveyor, characterized in that the suspensions the guts were installed on the conveyor with a step 1.5 or more times greater than the suspension spacing on the slaughter conveyor, the speed of the gutting conveyor was 1.5 or more times higher than the speed of the slaughter conveyor and equal to the speed of the evisceration conveyor Tew 3000 pcs./h, and machines that have a drive from the traction organ of the evisceration conveyor and perform gutting operations, respectively, contain 1.5 and more times less working bodies than the corresponding machines in the evisceration conveyor with a capacity of 3000 pcs / hour.

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