RU2580855C1 - Method of producing glass-silica based on mining wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: glass.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of glass-silica. Method of producing glass-silica includes sieving, mixing, placing in mould a lower layer, which is mixture of mining wastes with liquid glass with mass ratio 3:1 respectively. Grinding is carried out, placing in mould an upper layer, which is a mixture of granules of packing glass with liquid glass with mass ratio 10:1. Then, sintering, annealing, cutting and quality control.

EFFECT: technical result consists in elimination of a number of labour-consuming process operations, sintering is performed at lower temperature.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of fiberglass based on mining waste used in construction.

The well-known "Steklokremnezit", RF patent No. 2097344, including filling in the metal form of the upper thin layer of quartz sand with a particle size modulus of 2.0-2.4, subsequent filling of the upper layer of a mixture of magnesium fluoride with crushed waste optical glass fraction 1.25-5 , 0 mm, sintering granules at a temperature of 1300 ° C in an oven for 30 minutes, crystallization and annealing of products.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the high energy intensity of the process, as well as the use of scarce raw materials.

Closest to the proposed method according to the technical essence and the achieved result is the "Method for the production of glass silica", RF patent No. 2361739, which consists in sequentially filling the bottom layer with blast furnace and open-hearth slag taken in a mass ratio of 1: 1, respectively, and the upper layer from a mixture of sheet and lighting glass taken with a mass ratio of 1: 1, respectively, using granules of electrothermophosphoric slag, placed between the lower and upper layer, followed by sintering at tempera ature 820-870 ° C, annealing and trimming the edges.

The disadvantage of this method is the high complexity and duration of the process, which consists in pre-laying the lower, intermediate and upper layers, as well as high energy intensity.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to simplify the method of producing glass silica fume, reduce the energy intensity and the complexity of the process.

The technical result of the invention is to eliminate a number of labor-intensive technological operations, while sintering is carried out at a lower temperature.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of producing glass silica-based on mining waste, including sieving, mixing, laying in the form of the lower layer, grinding, laying in the form of the upper layer, sintering, annealing, cutting and quality control, and as a glass-containing material of the lower layer use a mixture of mining waste with liquid glass at a mass ratio of 3: 1, respectively, and as a glass-containing material of the upper layer, a mixture of granules of container glass with liquid glass with a mass ratio of 10: 1, respectively, in addition, the sieving of mining waste is carried out up to 0.5-2.5 mm, and container glass - up to 2.0-5.0 mm.

A distinctive feature of the proposed method is:

- glass-containing material of the lower layer consists of a mixture of mining waste with liquid glass in a mass ratio of 3: 1, respectively;

- glass-containing material of the upper layer consists of a mixture of granules of container glass with liquid glass at a mass ratio of 10: 1, respectively;

- sieving of mining waste is carried out up to 0.5-2.5 mm, and container glass - up to 2.0-5.0 mm;

- lack of an intermediate layer.

Mining industry waste (OGP) is a bulk material that does not require crushing.

In the proposed method, in comparison with the known method, the technology of producing glass silica -ite is simplified by eliminating the technological operation of backfilling into the forms of the intermediate layer, and the known method provides a long labor-intensive operation of crushing and sieving of metallurgical slag, as well as a high sintering temperature, which increases energy consumption. In the proposed method, the duration and complexity of the process is significantly reduced by eliminating the operation of crushing blast furnace and open-hearth slag, and also when using liquid glass, the sintering temperature is reduced.

A comparative analysis of the technological operations and the properties of the proposed and known methods is presented, presented in table 1. The optimum amount of water glass in the mixtures of the lower and upper layers was determined taking into account the sintering temperature and compressive strength of glass silica fume (table 2).

A comparative analysis of technological operations and quality indicators of the proposed and known methods showed that the proposed method eliminates a number of labor-intensive technological operations, as well as reduced energy consumption due to the lower sintering temperature.

The use of liquid glass allows to reduce the sintering temperature of the technological operation in comparison with the known method by 50-70 ° C.

So, in the lower layer of the proposed method, the quartz grains of ferrous enrichment waste are covered with liquid glass. During the subsequent heat treatment, a eutectic is observed in the Na ₂ O-SiO _{2 system} at a temperature of 793 ° C. This contributes to the formation of a dense structure of the lower layer.

In the proposed method, in the upper layer, consisting of container glass and liquid glass, the sintering process begins already at a temperature of 725 ° C, since in the Na ₂ O-CaO-SiO _{2 system} there is a eutectic [Physical chemistry of silicates / Subtotal. ed. Pashchenko A.A. - Kiev: Vishka school. Head Publishing House, 1977. - 384 p.].

* - optimal ratio

Thus, a monolithic structure is formed at the grain interface of both the glass-forming component and the quartz grains of the ferrous quartzite enrichment waste products, which ensures high quality of the final product, in particular, compressive strength and frost resistance (table 1).

As can be seen from table 2, the optimal ratio of UCP and liquid glass is 3: 1, respectively, and the battle of glass and liquid glass is 10: 1, respectively.

The analysis of the known methods for producing glass silica fume allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

Example

Mining wastes of the following chemical composition (wt.%) Were taken as starting materials: SiO ₂ - 66.1; Al ₂ O ₃ - 2.6; Fe ₂ O - 6.4; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 2.4; CaO - 2.7; MgO - 4.5; R ₂ O - 0.2; P is 0.18; S 0.17; P.P.P. - 5.6.

Mining waste was dispersed on vibrating screens to remove the dust fraction. The 0.5-2.5 mm fraction was mixed in a paddle mixer with liquid glass at a ratio of 3: 1, respectively. The mixture was placed in the mold.

As a glass-containing component, the use of container glass was used (wt.%): SiO ₂ - 69.7; Al ₂ O ₃ - 3.4; CaO - 60.1; MgO - 3.93; Na ₂ O - 14.59; SO ₃ 0.37; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 0.46. After sieving on sieves, granules 2-5 mm in size were mixed in a paddle mixer with liquid glass at a ratio of 10: 1, respectively. The mixture was placed in molds on a previously laid bottom layer. The upper layer was 10-15% of the volume of the lower layer.

Then, sintering was performed at a temperature of 795 ° C, annealing, trimming of edges and quality control of finished products.

Example of glass silica quality control:

To determine the compressive strength, cubes were cut out of glass-silica blocks by a diamond wheel measuring 30X30X30 mm. Before installation on a laboratory press, the lower and upper faces of the cubes were lined with paronite gaskets. The destruction of the samples occurred after loading the press.

The compressive strength of fiberglass silicones was determined as the arithmetic average of five measurements:

δ _cr = 65.2 + 65.3 + 65.5 + 65.7 + 65.8 / 5 = 65.5 MPa.

Frost resistance was determined according to GOST 7025-91 in a freezer with forced ventilation and automatic temperature control from -15 ° C to -20 ° C with volume freezing. Five samples were taken for testing. The duration of the freeze is 4 hours. Frost resistance was controlled by the degree of damage and weight loss.

The average frost resistance of glass siliceous was determined as the arithmetic average of five measurements:

F = 72 + 77 + 75 + 78 + 73/5 = 75 cycles.

Claims (1)

A method of producing glass silica-based waste from mining industry, including sieving, mixing, laying in the form of the lower layer, grinding, laying in the form of the upper layer, sintering, annealing, cutting and quality control, characterized in that a mixture of waste is used as the glass-containing material of the lower layer mining industry with liquid glass at a mass ratio of 3: 1, respectively, and as a glass-containing material of the upper layer is a mixture of granules of container glass with liquid glass at a mass ratio 10: 1, respectively, in addition, the sieving of mining wastes is carried out up to 0.5-2.5 mm, and container glass - up to 2.0-5.0 mm.