RU2579307C1 - Self-oriented perforator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil and gas industry, particularly to structural cumulative perforators for perforating operations in oil and gas wells. Self-oriented perforator comprises separate sections, interconnected by connection units of sections with execution of functions of mechanical strong connection and transmission of detonation between adjacent sections. Each section has a housing, a frame located in housing and connected to housing through bearings,cumulative charges arranged in frame, boosters and a detonating cord, connected to each other. Frame is made in form of a piece of thick-wall tube with transverse holes forming a socket for cumulative charges with specified spacing and orientation. Between transverse holes on one of longitudinal halves of frame there is a sample with a shaped determined by location of edges of transverse holes and providing formation of connecting straps.

EFFECT: simple design.

3 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, and in particular to case-shaped cumulative perforators for perforating blasting operations in oil and gas wells, both horizontal and inclined, in particular, for opening productive formations (mainly for narrow productive formations) in oil and gas wells filled with liquid (water, oil, flushing fluid) or a gas medium by shooting through cumulative charges of a casing string, cement layer, rock in a given direction with the goal of creating an influx of hydrocarbons.

Known similar technical solutions containing separate sections interconnected by connection units of the sections with the functions of mechanical durable connection and transfer detonation between adjacent sections, each of the sections has a housing located in the housing frame and connected to the housing through bearings located in the frame cumulative charges , boosters and a detonating cord, interconnected (see, for example, descriptions of inventions to Russian patents No. 2241823, IPC ⁷ Е21В 43/119, Е21В 43/117, Е21В 43/00, Е21В 43/02, publication date 27.11.2 008; No. 2280150, IPC Е21В 43/117 (2006.01), Е21В 43/119 (2006.01), publication date 07/20/2006; No. 2440487, IPC Е21В 43/117 (2006.01), publication date 06/15/2010; description of utility model for patent RU 78521, IPC Е21В 43/117 (2006.01), publication date 11.27.2008).

The disadvantage of similar solutions is the complexity of the design.

The closest similar technical solution is a modular rotary hammer with orientated cumulative charges for horizontal wells, containing separate sections interconnected by connection units of sections to perform the functions of mechanical durable connection and transfer detonation between adjacent sections, each of the sections has a housing located in the frame body and connected with a housing through bearings located in the frame cumulative charges, boosters and a detonating cord connected to each other (see, for example p, the description of utility model patent RU 78521, IPC E 21 B 43/117 (2006.01), publication date 27.11.2008).

The disadvantage of the closest similar solution is the design complexity.

The technical result is expressed in simplifying the design.

The essence of the claimed technical solution lies in the fact that the self-orientating puncher contains separate sections interconnected by connection sections of the sections with the functions of mechanical durable connection and transfer of detonation between adjacent sections, each of the sections has a housing located in the housing frame and connected to the housing through bearings , cumulative charges located in the frame, boosters and detonating cord, interconnected, differs from the closest analogue in that the frame is made in the idea of a piece of a thick-walled pipe with transverse holes forming nests for cumulative charges with a given step and orientation, between which samples are made on one of the longitudinal halves of the frame, with a shape determined by the location of the edges of the transverse holes and ensuring the formation of jumpers with them.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section;

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of one lower section in a modular design;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the middle section in a modular design;

FIG. 4 is a view in longitudinal section of the connection sections;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the frame in the embodiment of the transverse holes on one side of the frame;

FIG. 6 is a left view of the frame in the arrangement of transverse holes on one side of the frame;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the frame in the arrangement of adjacent transverse holes on one side of the frame with an angle between the axes of the holes of 30 °;

FIG. 8 is a left view of the frame in the embodiment of the transverse holes on one side of the frame with an angle between the axes of the holes 30 °;

FIG. 9 is a front view of the carcass in the embodiment of the arrangement of adjacent transverse holes alternately on opposite sides of the carcass;

FIG. 10 is a left view of the frame in the embodiment of the arrangement of adjacent transverse holes alternately on opposite sides of the frame.

The self-orientating rotary hammer contains separate sections interconnected by connection units of the sections with the functions of a mechanical durable connection and the transmission of detonation between adjacent sections. Each of the sections has a housing 1 located in the housing frame 2 and connected to the housing 1 through bearings 3 located in the frame 2 cumulative charges 4, boosters 5 and detonating cord 6 connected to each other. The frame 2 is made in the form of a segment of a thick-walled pipe with transverse holes 7, forming nests for cumulative charges 4 with a given step and orientation. Between the transverse holes 7 on one of the longitudinal halves of the frame 2, samples are made, with a shape determined by the location of the edges of the transverse holes 7 and ensuring the formation of jumpers 8 with them (Figs. 1-10).

The self-orientating rotary hammer, launched on tubing, contains a tip 9 installed in the lower part of the housing 1 and an upper sub 10 installed in the upper part of the housing 1 (Fig. 1). The sub 10 is used to connect to the initiating head (hydraulic or universal). To connect two sections of a self-orienting punch, an adapter 11 is used with a socket therein for a booster bushing 12, in which a booster 5 is installed, thereby ensuring the preservation of the detonation chain (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4). At the upper end of the frame 2, an upper sleeve 13 is mounted with a bearing 3 mounted on it. In the upper sleeve 13, a rubber sleeve 14 and a clamping screw 15 are installed, through the holes of which a detonating cord 6 passes (Fig. 1, 2, 3). At the lower end of the lower frame 2 there is a lower frame sleeve 16 with a bearing 3 placed on it, with a rubber sleeve 22, and a clamping screw 23 (Fig. 2).

Bearings 3 can be made in the form of ball bearings or roller bearings. In some embodiments, the bearings 3 can be made in the form of bearings.

In the middle sections of the self-orienting punch in a modular design, the parts of the knot universal joint assembly 17 are installed in the upper and lower ends of the housing 1 (Fig. 2, 3). In the upper part of the housing 1, a head 18 is installed with the sleeve of the head 19 and the ring assembly 24. In the lower part of the housing 1 there is a tip 20 with a nut 21, a rubber sleeve 22, a clamping screw 23 and a booster 5 (Fig. 3).

Sections of a self-orienting punch, if necessary, of obtaining large lengths are connected by their bodies 1 by means of an adapter 11 with a booster sleeve 12 mounted therein with a booster (Fig. 4). From the booster, the detonating cord 6 through the axial hole of the adapter 11 is laid to the cumulative charges 4 through the upper sleeve 13 of the frame 2, the rubber sleeve, the clamping screw 15 (Fig. 4).

The frame 2 in the arrangement of the transverse holes 7 on one side of the frame 2 with the direction of the cumulative charges 4 in one direction has samples 25 made in it, with a shape determined by the location of the edges of the transverse holes 7 and providing the formation of jumpers 8 with them (Fig. 5 , 6). Samples 25 are located on one of the sides of the frame 2 and provide a displacement of the center of gravity of the frame 2 relative to its longitudinal axis.

The frame 2 can be made in the second embodiment of the transverse holes 7 on one side of the frame 2 with the direction of the cumulative charges 4 in one direction and with an angle between the axes of the adjacent cumulative charges 4 in the range from 5 ° to 175 °. In this embodiment, the housing 2 of the sample 25 are located on one of the sides of the frame 2 between the edges of the transverse holes 7 with the formation of jumpers 8 and provide a shift of the center of gravity of the frame 2 relative to its longitudinal axis (Fig. 7, 8).

The frame 2 can be made in the third embodiment of the transverse holes 7 on opposite sides of the frame 2 with the direction of the cumulative charges 4 in opposite directions and with an angle between the axes of the adjacent cumulative charges 4 180 °. In this embodiment, the housing 2 of the sample 26 are located on one of the sides of the frame 2 between the edges of the transverse holes 7 with the formation of jumpers 8 with them and provide a shift in the center of gravity of the frame 2 relative to its longitudinal axis. Samples 26 are made in a shape slightly different from the shape of samples 25 in the first two variants, which is due to the location of the transverse holes 7 (Fig. 9, 10).

The self-orientation (rotation) of the frame 2 with cumulative charges 4 occurs due to the bearings 3 installed on the bushes of the frame 13, 16, so that the frame 2 (its shifted center of gravity) always occupies the extreme lower position of equilibrium (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4) .

For each bearing 3, a cage 27 or 28 is installed by pressing, depending on the location of the bearing 3 in the frame 2 (its upper or lower part) (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4). The position of the bearing 3 is fixed by the installed snap ring 29 (Fig. 4).

The clips 27 and 28 center the frame 2 with cumulative charges 4 inside the housing 1.

Case 1 is used to seal the charging kit, including detonating cord 6, cumulative charges 4 and boosters 5.

The proposed technical solution provides the following benefits.

The location of additional loads is not required to ensure self-orientation in the well.

Provides the creation of channels in the well in a given direction.

Provides a different choice of channel directions: horizontally, vertically up, vertically up at an angle in the range from 5 ° to 175 ° between the channels.

It does not require additional operations to orient charges in a given interval of perforation.

Provides the ability to simultaneously install in one section of the puncher self-orientating charges of deeply penetrating and / or charges piercing a large hole.

Simplicity and quick assembly of a self-orientating rotary hammer is provided.

It is possible to use as part of the SNAKE perforation system. The modular design of the self-orientating rotary hammer provides a reduction in the time of tripping

Claims (3)

1. Self-orientating rotary hammer, containing separate sections interconnected by connection sections of the sections with the functions of mechanical durable connection and transfer of detonation between adjacent sections, each of the sections has a housing located in the housing frame and connected to the housing through the bearings located in the frame cumulative charges , boosters and detonating cord, interconnected, characterized in that the frame is made in the form of a segment of a thick-walled pipe with transverse holes forming nests for I cumulative charges with a given step and orientation, between which samples are made on one of the longitudinal halves of the carcass, with a shape determined by the location of the edges of the transverse holes and ensuring the formation of jumpers with them. 2. Self-orientating rotary hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearings are made in the form of ball bearings or roller bearings. 3. Self-orientating rotary hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearings are made in the form of plain bearings.

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