RU2569977C1 - Rotary ripper - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: rotary ripper comprises a housing with a hinged device. The hydraulic cylinder regulating the operating width is mounted in the upper part of the housing. The shaft with hubs, on which the working bodies are mounted, is driven by the hydraulic motor, a shaft mounted on it, and is covered with a protective casing. The working bodies are made in the form of elliptical blades. The hubs are mounted on the shaft with the possibility to change their mutual position. To adjust the depth of processing the ripper comprises hydraulic cylinders with gauge skids. In the front part of the housing, two flat discs of directional stability are mounted.

EFFECT: improved quality of soil treatment.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to tillage machines.

Known tillage machines containing a frame, a trailer or attachment, support wheels, working bodies in the form of disk sections attached to the bars and having a hydraulic lifting mechanism. So, for example, the cultivators LDG-5A, LDG-10A, LDG-15A, LDg-20 are arranged. Battery disks are mounted on axles and have a round shape as part of a sphere. The angle of attack is changed by changing the rods connecting the frame to the battery beam [1].

The disadvantage of these tillage machines is that they do not have an active drive of the working bodies, the inability to change the angle of attack during tillage without stopping the unit.

Also known is a combined tillage implement, consisting of a frame, support-adjusting wheels, loosening working bodies installed in rows in a checkerboard pattern, and two disk batteries with different angles of attack [2] installed next to the overlap.

The disadvantage of this combined tillage implement is that the working bodies do not copy the topography of the soil due to their rigid attachment to the frame, the impossibility of changing the depth of tillage without stopping the implement.

Also known is the working body of a tillage implement, which contains a shaft with blades, each of which has a straight and elliptical cutting edges and is mounted rotatable around the shaft by 90 ° relative to the adjacent blade [3].

A disadvantage of the known working body is unstable work on the slopes due to transverse forces and dynamic loads arising from the operation of the gun.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of soil cultivation - loosening and crumbling, by installing copying skis with hydraulic cylinders, a drive motor and flat disks of directional stability.

This is achieved by the fact that in the rotary cultivator with a hinged device in the upper part of the housing there is a hydraulic cylinder that controls the working width, a shaft with hubs on which the working bodies in the form of blades are mounted, which are hydraulically driven by a hydraulic motor mounted on the side of the housing and protected by a protective casing . In this case, the blades are made ellipsoidal and mounted on hubs mounted on the shaft with the possibility of changing their relative position. At the end of the shaft with the help of flanges, a hydraulic motor is mounted, which is meshed with the shaft. The mechanism for adjusting the depth of tillage is hydraulic cylinders with copying skis. In the front of the case there are two flat discs of directional stability.

In FIG. 1 shows a rotary cultivator (side view); in FIG. 2 - top view; in FIG. 3 - rear view; in FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of a rotary cultivator for inter-row tillage; in FIG. 5 - layout of ellipsoidal blades on the hub (front view); in FIG. 6 - layout of ellipsoidal blades on the hub (side view).

The rotary cultivator, designed primarily for cultivating soil in areas with tight boundaries, consists of a linkage 1, through which the unit is mounted on an energy tool (tractor), the linkage is connected to the unit body 3 via a bolt 15. Attaches to the body 3 of the rotary cultivator using flanges 18 shaft 6, in one of the flanges 18 a housing bearing 19 is installed, capable of compensating for the initial misalignment at the beginning of the operation of the shaft 6. The ellipsoidal working bodies 2 are rigidly installed in the grooves 8 of the hubs 7, installed data on the shaft 6 with the possibility of changing their relative position and fixing the hubs on the shaft 10. The rotation of the shaft 6 of the working body with elliptical blades 2 is carried out by a hydraulic motor 4, which in turn is protected by a protective casing 12 from dust and dirt. The mechanism for adjusting the depth of tillage is hydraulic cylinders 5 with copying skis 11 connected through the rod 9. The mechanism for changing the working width is a hydraulic cylinder 20 connected to the upper part of the hull and the implement’s hitch. The rotary cultivator contains in the front part of the housing 3 two flat disks 13 with a mounting hole 21, through which it is connected to the support of the mount 14 to the housing 3, the depth of the stroke is regulated by the rotation of the adjusting screw 16 by the handle 17.

Rotary ripper works as follows.

Depending on the type of soil and the functional purpose (main, pre-sowing or inter-row cultivation of the soil) of the rotary cultivator, the ellipsoid working bodies 2 are pre-rigidly mounted at a certain angle to the attachment hubs 7. The unit is attached to the tractor using a 3-point linkage 1. The vertical position of the cultivator is maintained hydraulically, i.e. with the application of hydraulic pressure received from the tractor. Position control is carried out by two lifting rods, left and right. At the beginning of the corral, with the help of a linkage 1, lower the working bodies 2 onto the soil, the mechanism for adjusting the depth of cultivation - hydraulic cylinders 5 with copy skis 11. To adjust the depth of cultivation, the mechanism for adjusting the depth of cultivation should be raised or lowered, and the width of the implement can be adjusted using the hydraulic cylinder 20. installed in the upper part of the housing 3. Next, include a hydraulic motor 4, bringing the working bodies 2 into rotation, and they simultaneously move progressively along the ripper. When the rotary cultivator moves, the working bodies 2, rotating, carry out the intensive destruction of the bonds between the soil particles and their crushing. When the ellipsoidal working bodies exit the soil, in cooperation with its particles, there is a major semi-axis (trailing edge) of the blade, during the rotational movement of which and under the influence of the gravity of the soil particles, additional crumbling of the latter occurs. Due to the fact that the depth of tillage is regulated by a mechanism for adjusting the depth of tillage - hydraulic cylinders 5 with copy skis 11 connected through the rod 9, copying is carried out on complex reliefs of the soil, which allows you to process the soil on the slopes. The speed control of the hydraulic motor 4 is carried out by a throttle.

Using the hubs 7, the working bodies of the ellipsoidal shape 2 are mounted to the shaft 6, operating in a moving mode, creating a pushing force, increasing productivity and reducing fuel consumption per unit of the treated area. The directional stability of the rotary cultivator and the additional driving force is provided by two flat disks 13 installed in the front of the housing 3. The rotary cultivator is lifted by the hydraulic system of the tractor through the linkage 1. The use of such elliptical blades as working bodies of the rotary cultivator reduces the likelihood of a plow sole, in one pass, pre-sowing, basic tillage is carried out. Depending on the relative position of the hubs 7 on the shaft 6, we obtain a rotary cultivator for inter-row processing of industrial crops. When the shaft rotates and the cutting edges enter the soil, the bonds between the soil particles are intensively broken and crushed, a rough, unconsolidated sublayer is obtained, which significantly increases the moisture capacity and filtration properties of the soil. Due to the high degree of crumbling and optimization of the water-air regime, biological and biochemical activity is increased, which contributes to an increase in crop yields.

Information sources

1. Khalansky V.M. Agricultural machines / V.M. Khalansky, I.V. Gorbachev. - M .: Kolos, 2003 .-- S. 63-71.

2. Patent RU 2483507. Combined tillage implement. IPC A01B 49/02, publ. 06/10/2013.

3. AS of the USSR No. 1641206. The working body of the tillage implement, 1991.

Claims (3)

1. Rotary cultivator containing a shaft and working bodies in the form of blades, characterized in that it contains a housing, hydraulic cylinders associated with copying skis, the blades are made ellipsoidal and mounted on hubs mounted on the shaft with the possibility of changing their relative position, and on the end of the shaft has a hydraulic motor. 2. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that a hydraulic cylinder is installed in the upper part of the body to control the working width. 3. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that two flat disks are installed in front of the housing.

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