RU2567748C2 - Sprinkler plant for direct displacement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed plant comprises sprinkling pipeline composed of sections and provided with sprinklers, wheeled supports, drive arranged at central section centre and sections couplings. Sprinkling pipeline is secured at brackets of driven wheels and support wheels arranged in intercropping some 0.2-2.5 m from soil surface. Sprinkling pipeline with support wheels can be tractor towed, tractor being equipped with speed reducer, power take-off shaft with reduction gear and vertical props secured at coupling yoke and locked vertically by braces. Props are coupled by braces with driven trucks brackets. Sprinkling pipeline support props are mounted at bracket lower crossbars. Drive shaft with chain gearing sprocket is mounted above said props at support props. Support wheels brackets are locked by braces. Lower part of said props is connected by braces with the centre of lower crossbars of said brackets. Driven trucks wheels are provided with grousers. Drum with wound PE feed pipeline is mounted in supports controlled by hydraulic cylinders at the tractor mounted hardware. Branch pipe of the latter is connected with irrigation system main pipeline laid at road bench and provided with hydrants arranged at said main pipeline through spaces equal to feed pipe length. Three-barrel sprinklers are mounted at sprinkling pipeline with the help of yokes. Said sprinklers have feed branch pipe, distribution chamber and barrels. Inside said barrels provided are LH screw guides. Distance between said sprinklers is selected to overlap irrigation zones. Sprinkler unit can move forward and back after necessary rearrangements are made.

EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to means of irrigation of agricultural crops, mainly by sprinkling in mobile irrigation equipment.

A sprinkler installation is known that comprises a support element of an irrigation pipeline cantileverly attached to the top of the mast, the free end of which is connected to a land vehicle, in which, in order to expand operational capabilities and increase the irrigation efficiency, the support element is made in the form of a cable mounted with axial movement equipped with a variable-length section free of piping (SU, copyright certificate No. 1485459).

The disadvantages of this sprinkler are design complexity, high material consumption and low quality of rain, the inability to increase the energy and vitality of the water.

Known sprinkler installation, including a frame of pipes with a handle, a drum mounted on it, the tubular axis of which is connected through a flexible hose of the drum to the riser of the sprinkler, in which, in order to simplify the design and improve ease of maintenance, the handle is hinged to the frame, made hollow and hydraulically connected to the tubular axis of the drum, while the junction of the sprinkler is mounted on the free end of the handle; it is equipped with support wheels, and the handle is equipped with a vertical support during irrigation and a horizontal position lock during transportation (SU, copyright certificate No. 1500208).

The disadvantages of this sprinkler are design complexity, high material consumption, low productivity and low rain quality, lack of the ability to increase the energy and vitality of water.

Known sprinkler installation, including a frame in the form of a spatial truss of pipes on a vehicle with a pumping unit and mounted on it via cables, a flexible water supply pipe with sprinklers, while the flexible water supply pipe is made sectional, each section has a flexible pipe segment and flanges mutually connected by a bearing element, adjacent sections are connected by means of a transition element and flanges mutually fastened by fastening elements, while the ends of the segments fixed in the shaped grooves of the flanges and the transition element, the last assembly is given the shape of a spherical belt, on the surface of which a disk with holes for connecting the cables to the frame is mounted (RU, patent for invention No. 2238640).

The disadvantages of the sprinkler installation are the design complexity associated with the use of a pumping unit, a water intake device and a pump start-up system. In addition, water is drawn from temporary irrigation channels made in the earthen channel, while the water carries a significant amount of suspension, which leads to clogging of irrigation nozzles and a decrease in the reliability of the irrigation system.

A wide-wheel sprinkler is known, made sectional and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section, and couplings for connecting the sections, while in each section the water supply pipe is made of low-pressure polyethylene pipes connected in series with couplings, and placed in the cavity of the bearing element formed by C-shaped bent profiles, the ends of which are connected by flanges, while the hub of each wheel pair covers the bearing element, and d sprinkler nozzles are connected to the water supply pipeline by means of nipples placed between the shelves of adjacent C-shaped bent profiles of the bearing element, with each wing connected to the central section provided with a limit torque coupling (RU, patent for invention No. 2250602).

The disadvantages of the wide wheel sprinkler include the limited height of the irrigated crops, the formation of a moistened soil surface in the area where the support wheels are located, which, when moving the sprinkler, causes a rut and leads to significant difficulty in moving.

This disadvantage leads to a curvature of the pipeline and significantly reduces the operational reliability of the sprinkler. In addition, there is no possibility of increasing the energy and vitality of irrigation water.

Known wheeled sprinkler pipe, made sectional and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the Central section, and couplings for connecting sections, while couplings for connecting sections of the pipeline are each made in the form of two concentric nozzles with flanges mounted for rotation one relative to the other and interconnected by means of a spring-loaded clamp, while the flange of the outer pipe is fixed in the flange of the inner pipe redstvom retaining ring and the inner diameter of the inner nozzle equal to the inner diameter of the conduit (SU, Inventor's Certificate №1402297).

The disadvantages of this wheeled sprinkler pipe include the limited height of the irrigated crops, the formation of a moistened soil surface in the area where the support wheels are located, which causes the formation of a rut when moving the wheeled sprinkler pipe, which makes it difficult to move, which causes the pipe to bend and reduces the operational reliability of the wheeled sprinkler pipe . In addition, there is no possibility of increasing the energy and vitality of irrigation water.

A sprinkler assembly is known, including an irrigation pipe made sectionally and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section, and couplings for connecting the sections, while the irrigation pipe is mounted on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels mounted on the rows of agricultural crops crops at a height of 2.0-2.5 m from the surface of the soil, while the bracket of the central drive trolley has a pivoted triangular boom for crepe In the central drive trolley, an engine with a gearbox is installed on the central drive trolley, which is designed to transmit torque from the engine to the drive trolleys using a drive shaft mounted on outboard bearings located on the drive brackets trolleys and support wheels, the drive on the wheels of the drive trolleys is made using chain gears, from the side opposite to the direction of movement of the sprinkler, to the irrigation with the help of rotary clamps, outlet pipes are connected with a length equal to the diameter of the support wheels of the drive trolleys, nozzles are mounted on hoses and rest on the soil surface, while the nozzle body is made of wear-resistant material, and a flow guide is installed in the inner cavity of the housing, which has an internal screw guide with left-hand winding and variable pitch, behind the screw guide there is a guide paraboloid of rotation, paired with water outlets, normal to the nozzle centerline, tangential to the inner cavity of the flow guide and counterclockwise, with water outlets pointing up and to the sides only (SU, patent for invention No. 2365100 IPC 01G 25/09).

The disadvantages of this irrigation pipeline include poor irrigation quality due to the location of the irrigation nozzles on the soil surface, the flow of irrigation water through the water outlet upwards, this leads to significant loss of water for evaporation, while the upper leafy part remains dry. In addition, lateral water supply makes operation difficult.

We have accepted this sprinkler aggregate as the closest analogue.

The invention consists in the following.

The task to which the invention is directed is to increase the operational reliability of the work and the performance of the sprinkler, improve the quality of irrigation, reduce the energy cost of moving.

The technical result is a reduction in operating costs for irrigation of crops, increasing their productivity.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known sprinkling unit of frontal displacement, including irrigation piping, made sectional and equipped with sprinklers, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section, and couplings for connecting the sections, the irrigation piping is mounted on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels mounted on the aisles of crops, at a height of 2.0-2.5 m from the soil surface, according to the invention, irrigation pipe the wire with wheel supports is made hook-on to a tractor equipped with a speed reducer, a power take-off shaft with a gearbox and vertical posts fixed on a hooked ear and stretch marks fixed in a vertical position, struts are connected by braces to drive carriage brackets, support struts of the irrigation pipeline are installed on the lower cross members of the brackets, under which on the support racks there is a drive shaft with chain drive sprockets from the wheels of the drive trolleys, the brackets of the support wheels are fixed are interconnected by spacers, the lower part of the racks is connected by braces to the middle of the lower cross-arms of the brackets, the wheels of the drive trolleys are equipped with spreaders, a drum with wound polyethylene supply pipe is mounted on the tractor mounted attachment, the pipe of which is connected to the main pipe of the irrigation network laid on the side of the the technological road and having hydrants placed on the main pipeline, at intervals equal to the length of the inlet pipe gadfly, on the irrigation pipeline with the help of clamps mounted three-barreled sprinkler devices having a supply pipe, a distribution chamber and trunks, in the inner cavity of which left-side screw guides are provided, the distance between the sprinkler devices is taken from the condition of overlapping irrigation zones, after performing the necessary reinstallations, the unit for frontal moving can carry out watering when moving in the opposite direction.

Due to the implementation of the irrigation pipeline with trailed wheel supports, moving the unit frontally using a main pipeline with hydrants and a flexible polyethylene supply pipe, as well as the use of a three-barrel sprinkler with irrigation water having increased biological activity, the above technical result is achieved.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information, and the identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by all the features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "Novelty" under applicable law.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the design of the sprinkler unit - side view.

In Fig.2 - the same is a top view.

Figure 3 - clamp for attaching the sprinkler.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of a sprinkler.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The sprinkler unit of frontal displacement includes a tractor 1 equipped with a creeper. Racks 2 are fixed on the rear hook-on earring of tractor 1, fixed in an upright position by braces 3. Racks 2 are connected by braces 4 with brackets 5 of drive trolleys 6. On the lower cross member of bracket 5, a support column 7 of the irrigation pipe 8 is installed. drive sprocket 9 with a drive shaft 9a. The sprocket 9 is connected by a chain gear 10 with sprockets 10a on the drive wheels 6. A drum 11 with a wound polyethylene supply pipe 11a is mounted on the rear attachment of the tractor 1. The drum 11 is mounted on supports controlled by hydraulic cylinders 12. The irrigation pipe 8 is supported by carts 13 mounted on the brackets 14. The upper protruding parts 14a are fixed by spacers 15. The drive wheels 6 have tillers 16. The lower part of the struts 2 is connected by braces 17 with the middle of the lower cross member of the bracket 5. On the left side of the tractor 1, the main pipe 18 is laid on the side of the technological road 19. On the main pipe 18, hydrants of 20 d are made through a distance equal to the length of the supply pipe I connect the supply line. Sprinkling apparatuses 22 are mounted on the irrigation pipe 8 using nozzles 21. Sprinkling apparatuses 22 have three shafts 23 connected to the distribution chamber 24. Screw guides 25 of the left direction are provided in the inner cavity of the trunks. Sprinklers 22 are mounted on the irrigation pipe 8 using clamps 26 having nozzles 27 with threads 28. Trunks 23 of sprinklers 22 are installed at an angle of 30 ... 35 ° to the horizontal. Irrigation pipe 8 is hydraulically connected to the inlet pipe pipe 29.

Sprinkling unit frontal movement works as follows.

The tractor 1 is connected by braces 4 to the brackets 5 of the drive trolleys, and by braces 17 to the middle of the lower cross member of the bracket 5. The pipe 29 is hydraulically connected to the supply pipe 11a wound on the drum 11. The outer end of the supply pipe 11a is connected to the hydrant 20. The water supply is turned on and the sprinkler unit by tractor 1 starts to move. The drive trolleys 6 through the chain gear 10, the sprocket 9 and the drive shaft 9a transmit torque to the trolley 13, and the sprinkler moves. The inlet pipe 11a is unwound and laid on the process road 19. Water through the inlet pipe 21 from the irrigation pipe 8 enters the distribution chamber 24 and is uniformly directed into the trunks 23. The screw guides 25 interact with the water flow and cause its counterclockwise rotation, which changes structure of water and increases its biological activity. A rotating stream of irrigation water with increased biological activity is ejected from the trunk 23, is destroyed into small drops and enters in the form of rain on an irrigated field.

Water with increased biological activity interacts with the leaf-stem part of plants and provides increased yield. In this case, the pipe located on the opposite side of the pipeline 8 is closed by a stopper.

The movement of the sprinkler in the opposite direction is performed in the following sequence.

At the end of the irrigated field, the tractor 1 stops, stretch marks 4, 17 are disconnected, the supply pipe 11a is disconnected from the hydrant 20. The drive of the drum 11 from the power take-off shaft of the tractor 1 is turned on and the supply pipe 11a is wound on the drum 11. The pipe 29 is disconnected from the supply pipe 11a. Drum 11 rises above the surface of the earth and the tractor 1 on a bypass road drives up from the back of the sprinkler. In this case, the following re-equipment is performed. The upper protruding parts 14a are rearranged to the rear of the bracket 5. Sprinklers 22 are mounted on the opposite side of the clamp 26, and the front nozzles 27 are closed with plugs. Tractor 1 is connected by braces 4, 17 with brackets 5 and top parts 14a which are screwed back. The pipe 29 is hydraulically connected to the irrigation pipe 8. And the outer end of the supply pipe 11a is connected to the hydrant 20 of the main pipe 18. The unit can move in the opposite direction. In this case, all operations are repeated.

Claims (1)

The front-displacement sprinkler unit, including the irrigation pipeline made sectionally and equipped with sprinklers, wheel supports, a drive located in the middle of the central section, and couplings for connecting the sections, the irrigation pipeline is mounted on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels mounted on the rows between crops of crops , at a height of 2.0 ... 2.5 m from the surface of the soil, characterized in that the irrigation pipeline with wheel supports is trailed to the tractor, equipment with a creeper reducer, a power take-off shaft with a gearbox and vertical struts fixed on a hooked ear and brackets fixed in a vertical position, the struts are connected by braces to the brackets of the drive trolleys, support racks of the irrigation pipe are installed on the lower brackets of the brackets, under which the drive shaft with chain transmission sprockets from the wheels of drive trolleys, the brackets of the support wheels are fixed together by spacers, the lower part of the racks is connected growing with wheels with the middle of the lower cross-arms of the brackets, the wheels of the drive trolleys are equipped with couplings; on the tractor hitch, a drum with a wound polyethylene supply pipe is mounted on hydraulic-cylinder-controlled supports, the pipe of which is connected to the main pipeline of the irrigation network laid on the side of the technological road and equipped with hydrants placed on the main pipe, at intervals equal to the length of the supply pipe, mounted on the irrigation pipe using clamps ehstvolnye sprinklers having a supply pipe, a distribution chamber and trunks, in the interior of which are provided left-handed helical guide direction, the distance between sprinklers made from the condition of overlapping zones of irrigation, sprinkler you need to reinstall the unit has the ability to move forward and backward.

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