RU2565285C2 - Animal fodder production method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production, in particular, to fodders production. The animal fodder production method involves neutralisation of acids contained into the silage composition; alkali metal carbonate solution is preliminarily added into metal microelements inorganic salt solution; settled out sediment is decanted, washed and mixed with silage portion.

EFFECT: invention usage will allow to enhance the fodder quality and remove undesirable sulphuric acid anions from the product composition.

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Description

The invention relates to feed production, in particular to the production of feed based on silage.

A known method of introducing macronutrients into feed for farm animals by adding to the feed mixture sulfates of the corresponding metals - trace elements described in the monograph S.N. Izhboldina "Metabolism and energy of cattle", publishing house of FSBEI HPE, Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, 2012. The methodology presented on pages 34-45 provides for the introduction of the necessary set of trace elements in the optimal ratio and amount in the form of sulfate salts.

The disadvantage of this method is that the sulfate ion in the aqueous medium undergoes hydrolysis, resulting in the formation of free sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid destructively affects the internal organs of the animal, and this leads to its premature failure.

A known method of obtaining feed for ruminants, according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2341101 from 05/04/2007, by adding to it a composition comprising dry calcium oxide. Calcium oxide converts the fermentation catalyst - sulfuric acid - into insoluble calcium sulfate, after which the distillery distillery distillery distillate distillate can be used as an additive in animal feed.

The disadvantage of this method is the insufficiently high quality of the resulting feed, since the method does not allow to neutralize mineral sulfuric acid and transfer it to an insoluble compound.

The objective of the invention is to improve the quality of the feed by reducing the toxicity of the used trace elements in the feed of farm animals in the form of soluble organic compounds that do not contain sulfuric acid anions.

The task is achieved by the fact that when receiving animal feed, they neutralize the acids that make up the silo by first adding inorganic salts of trace elements selected from the series zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, nickel, an alkali metal carbonate solution, and the precipitate is decanted, washed and mixed with a portion of the silo. In this case, the precipitate dissolves in the organic acids that make up the silage mass with the formation of the corresponding metal salts, while the organic acids themselves are neutralized. This, in addition to the main effect, improves the quality of the silo, since excess acidity worsens its eatability.

The technical result consists in the removal from the composition of the product of an undesirable anion of sulfuric acid, which is dangerous for the life of the animal when eating food.

The method of introducing trace elements is carried out by adding trace elements selected from the series zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, nickel to an alkali metal carbonate solution to the sulfate solution, separating the precipitated precipitate from the solution containing the sulfate ion, and adding the obtained precipitate to a portion of the silo to form a soluble salt metal with anions of organic acids that make up the silo, in quantities that provide the necessary concentration of metal in the feed. The amount of metal salt is calculated in each case separately, depending on the type of animal, its age, and the feeding regime. The maximum amount of salt that can dissolve in 1 kg of silage is calculated from the idea that the concentration of an organic acid, the pH of which is in the range of 3-4, is 0.1 n (B.V. Nekrasov. Fundamentals of General Chemistry, t 1. St. Petersburg, Moscow, Krasnodar, 2003, p. 184). To neutralize this acid, 0.05 mol of salt is required.

Example

Prepared five solutions of sulfate salts of trace elements of 100 g, each type - Mn; Zn; Cu; Co; Ni and added to them a solution of sodium carbonate. Got a precipitate; a solution containing sulfuric acid anion was drained from the precipitate.

In five portions of silage, freshly precipitated precipitates were introduced, one of each metal in each: zinc, or copper, or manganese, or cobalt or nickel. After mixing the silo and the added precipitation of trace elements carbonates (in the amount of 0.05 mol / l of each trace element), they completely dissolve. An extract was prepared from each portion of the obtained product and its chemical analysis was carried out for the content of the corresponding metal.

To conduct toxicity tests, five batches of experimental mice were formed, each of which included ten control mice and ten experimental mice. The studied solutions were analyzed and the portion of the solution that should be fed to experimental mice was calculated to test the safety of the formed organic salts of trace elements selected from the series zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, nickel.

For three weeks, the experimental mice were gradually phased into the esophagus with solutions of organic salts in an amount corresponding to the norm of feeding piglets weighing 6 kg, calculated on the weight of the mouse.

At the first stage, during the first week, the dose corresponded to a single amount. At the second stage of testing the same experimental individuals, the doses of the solutions were doubled, and at the third stage, the administered doses were tripled.

The results of the studies are presented in the table, which shows the concentration of the obtained solutions, the ratio of organic preparations of trace elements and the number of surviving mice in the experimental groups after each stage.

As can be seen from the table, even with a threefold increase in the norm, the solutions are non-toxic.

The use of trace elements in the form of organic salts obtained by their interaction with silo eliminates the toxic effect of sulfates and the possibility of their safe introduction into animal feed.

Claims (1)

A method of obtaining animal feed, including the neutralization of the acids that make up the silo, characterized in that the alkali metal carbonate solution is added to the solution of the inorganic metal salt of trace elements, the precipitate is decanted, washed and mixed with a portion of the silo.