RU2561851C2 - Simulator to train operators of shoulder-fired missiles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: instructor's panel includes a computer within a calculator with connected keyboard, "mouse" manipulator and a video monitor, the first and second transceiving modules. The first transceiving module is installed in the instructor's panel and is connected to one of calculator ports of the computer. Imitators of implements of war are made in the form of a launch tube and a training launch mechanism. The second transceiving module is installed in the training launch mechanism. The simulator includes imitators of implements of war of various types of shoulder-fired missiles, an imitator of an air target with an autopilot, a navigation system and the first radio modem. The second radio modem is installed in the instructor's panel and is connected to one of calculator ports of the computer.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of training.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technical means for training and training of anti-aircraft gunners (operators) of portable anti-aircraft missile systems (MANPADS).

A known simulator adopted for the prototype for training MANPADS operators (patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation No. 844959, F41G 3/26, 01/29/2009), containing a simulator of a portable anti-aircraft missile system, including a simulator of a launch tube with an entire light mounted on its sight axis “capture” indicator targets docked to the launch tube simulator ground-based power source simulator and trigger simulator with a launcher block and sound emitter installed in the instructor’s console electronic computer in a computer with a keyboard, a mouse and a video monitor connected to it, the first and second transceiver modules installed respectively in the instructor’s console and on the launch tube simulator, in front of which a camera is installed, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the aim axis, and the second computer installed in the trigger simulator and including a processor module with a television target capture machine connected to it, a target capture analysis unit and a space system orientation, a display module installed in place of the sighting front sight of the launch tube simulator and connected to one of the outputs of the processor module, the other outputs of which are connected respectively to the light indicator of the rear sight of the launch tube simulator and sound emitter, while the inputs of the processor module of the second calculator are additionally connected respectively to the camera , a ground power source simulator, a spatial orientation system, a starter unit and a second transceiver module, and the first The second transceiver module is connected to one of the inputs of the calculator of the electronic computer.

At the rear of the simulator of the launch tube, a glass with an electrical contact can be installed for installing a squib in it, connected to one of the outputs of the processor module.

The simulator can be equipped with a dynamically similar airplane simulator (aerial target simulator) with an autopilot and a radio modem, while the second radio modem is installed at the instructor's workplace and connected to one of the inputs of the computer calculator.

This simulator allows instructor-controlled training to bring the MANPADS simulator into a combat position, search for targets, capture, escort and simulated launch. It also allows for training on various goals, both virtually and in real-world conditions.

However, a simulator of a portable anti-aircraft missile system (more precisely, MANPADS combat assets, which include an anti-aircraft missile in a pipe, a ground power supply unit and a launch mechanism - see, for example, “Technical Description and Operating Instructions 9K38 TO, Moscow, Military Publishing House, 1987) This simulator has a limited degree of approximation of its own characteristics to the characteristics of a combat product.

In particular, the aiming by the shooter is made according to the “picture” on the display, installed on the spot of the front sight, which leads to inculcation in operators of the wrong skills in aiming, controlling capture and tracking the target.

Simulators of military equipment also have other structurally determined differences in appearance, overall dimensions, inertial (mass, center of mass, moments of inertia) characteristics from the characteristics of MANPADS combat weapons.

The activation of the squib allows you to reproduce only the light-sound picture of the operation of the starting engine, while a full-fledged psychophysiological training of the operator cannot be carried out, it is impossible to launch a mock-up of a rocket having a mass of a military rocket using a starting engine, whose operating time and impulse are equal to the corresponding parameters of the engine of the combat product, in particular because a television camera is installed in front of the launch tube simulator.

The installation of the second transceiver module on the simulator of the launch tube (in case of its use for launching a missile model) is structurally impractical, in particular because of the very limited resource of such a pipe.

The simulator consists of simulators of a portable anti-aircraft missile system of only one type ("Needle"), although at present, several types of MANPADS are in service, having significant structural and operational features.

This simulator does not provide for the possibility of working out the combat coordination of units with the distribution and transfer to target gunners of anti-aircraft guns of target designation from higher-level control units in real time. At the same time, during the combat work of anti-aircraft gunners, it is planned to use the Barnaul 9C935 automated fire control system for man-portable air defense systems, SOSN 9C520 night shooting support equipment, and the 1L110-1 electronic tablet.

In addition, the simulator does not allow training launches of MANPADS combat missiles under the supervision of an instructor.

The objective of the invention is to ensure the effectiveness and quality of combat training, including tactical, anti-aircraft gunners.

The technical result of the invention is the development of the design of the simulator:

- equipped with simulators of military equipment in appearance and size, inertial (mass, center of mass, moments of inertia both before and during the launch of the rocket model) characteristics, algorithm of operation, manipulation efforts on the controls, light and sound effects, completely similar characteristics MANPADS combat assets;

- allowing to carry out full-fledged training of anti-aircraft gunners, including psychophysiological, with launches of missile models;

- allowing to conduct training in working with MANPADS of all types that are in service with the Ministry of Defense of Russia;

- allowing you to work out combat coordination and tactics as part of various units (squad, platoon, etc.) with the distribution and receipt of target designation by arrows from higher command and control links in real time during the formation of the target situation by an air target simulator, flying along a laid path;

- giving the opportunity to conduct instructor-controlled training missiles of military missiles.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the simulator for training the operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems, containing simulators of combat weapons of a portable anti-aircraft missile system, the instructor’s console, which includes an electronic computer as part of a computer with a keyboard connected to it, a mouse, and a video monitor, the first and second transceiver modules, the first transceiver module is installed in the instructor’s console and connected to one of the electronic a computational machine, new is that the simulators of military equipment are made in the form of a launch tube and a training launch mechanism, a missile model is installed in the launch pipe, a target capture unit is attached to the pipe at the installation site of the ground power supply unit, imitating the operation of the optical missile homing head mounted in the case, repeating the shape of the ground power supply unit of a portable anti-aircraft missile system, the simulator is equipped with starting engines equipped with pyrotechnic elements of the combat filling products, the training trigger mechanism consists of a housing, a connector, a sound emitter, a trigger hook, a contact group, an electronic unit, a second transceiver module, the electronic unit is connected to the port of the transceiver module, the trigger mechanism has an individual network address, a launch tube with a missile prototype, a capture unit goals, the starting engine and the starting mechanism training in appearance and size, inertial characteristics, the algorithm of work applied to the controls, effort, light and sound The action of the operator are similar to martial means MANPADS.

The simulator may include:

- a simulator of the starting engine with a sound emitter;

- simulators of military equipment (launch tubes and training launchers) of various types of portable anti-aircraft missile systems;

- an air target simulator with an autopilot, a navigation system and a first radio modem, while the second radio modem is installed in the instructor's console and connected to one of the ports of the computer calculator;

- electronic devices for obtaining target designation by operators from the command unit of the fire control system of portable anti-aircraft missile systems connected to a third transceiver module.

Implementation of military equipment simulators in the form of a launch tube and a training launch mechanism, installation of a rocket model in the launch tube, docking to the pipe at the installation site of the ground power supply unit of the target capture unit simulating the functions of the optical missile homing head, its installation in a body that repeats the shape of the ground power supply portable anti-aircraft missile system, simulator equipment with starting engines, starting engine equipment with pyrotechnic elements for filling a combat product, launching a new tube with a missile model, a target capture unit, a starting engine and a trigger mechanism training in appearance and size, inertial characteristics, an operating algorithm applied to the controls for the efforts, light and sound effects on the operator with similar combat means of a portable anti-aircraft complex allows for full training anti-aircraft gunners, including the psycho-physiological one, with missile launcher launches.

The design of the training trigger, consisting of a housing, a connector, a sound emitter, a trigger hook, a contact group, an electronic unit, provides playback of the trigger mechanism functions of the MANPADS combat assets (see, for example, “Technical Description and Operating Instructions 9K38 TO”, Moscow, Military Publishing House, 1987).

Introduction to the mechanism of the second transceiver module, connecting the electronic unit to the port of the transceiver module, supplying the trigger mechanism with an individual network address allows for the informational radio exchange of a MANPADS simulator with a computer and simultaneous training of a group of shooters.

The use of a starting engine simulator with a sound emitter allows you to conduct missile launch simulation under the supervision of an instructor with a sound picture of the starting engine.

The use of simulators of military equipment (launch tubes and training launch mechanisms) in a simulator of various portable anti-aircraft missile systems allows training in working skills with MANPADS of all types available in armament.

The introduction of an air target simulator with an autopilot, a navigation system and a first radio modem into the simulator, the installation of a second radio modem in the instructor’s console and its connection to one of the computer’s calculator ports makes it possible to train anti-aircraft gunners using the target environment generated by the air target simulator, flying along a trajectory.

The use of electronic devices in conjunction with an air target simulator for operators to receive target designations from a command unit of a fire control system of portable anti-aircraft missile systems, the introduction of a third transceiver module, connecting it to a command unit of a control system allows you to work out combat coordination as a part of various units with the distribution and receipt of targeting arrows from upstream control in real time.

The design of the training trigger, consisting of a housing, a connector, a sound emitter, a trigger hook, a contact group, an electronic unit, provides for the reproduction of the trigger mechanism's functions from MANPADS combat assets. Introduction to the mechanism of the second transceiver module, connecting the electronic unit to the port of the transceiver module, supplying the trigger mechanism with an individual electronic address allows for the informational radio exchange of a MANPADS simulator with a computer and for simultaneous training of a group of shooters.

Technical solutions with features distinguishing the claimed solution from the prototype are not known and do not follow explicitly from the prior art. This suggests that the claimed solution is new and has an inventive step.

The combination of structural elements, their relative position, the form of the elements, the relationship between them, the geometrical form of the elements make it possible to ensure high efficiency and quality of combat training of anti-aircraft gunners, including tactical, with full compliance of the training process with the real process of combat work with the conduct of psychophysical training.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a structural diagram of an embodiment of the simulator.

The simulator for training operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems contains simulators 1 of the combat weapons of a portable anti-aircraft missile system, a remote control for 2 instructors, which includes an electronic computer 3 as part of a computer 4 with a keyboard 5 connected to it, a mouse 6 and a video monitor 7, the first 8 and second 9 transceiver modules, the first transceiver module 8 is installed in the console 2 of the instructor and connected to one of the ports of the calculator 4 of the electronic computer 3, simulators 1 of combat environments the barrel is made in the form of a launch tube 10 and a training trigger 11, a missile model 12 is installed in the launch tube 10, a target capture unit 13 is attached to the pipe 10 at the installation site of the ground power supply unit, imitating the operation of the optical homing missile mounted in a body that repeats the shape ground power supply unit of a portable anti-aircraft missile system. The simulator is equipped with starting engines 14. Starting engines are equipped with pyrotechnic elements for filling the combat product. The training trigger 11 consists of a housing 15, a connector 16, a sound emitter 17, a trigger 18, a contact group 19, an electronic unit 20, a second transceiver module 9. The electronic unit 20 is connected to the port of the transceiver module 9, the trigger 11 has an individual network address , the launch tube 10 with the missile model 12, the target capture unit 13, the starting engine 14 and the starting mechanism 11 training in appearance and size, inertial characteristics, the operating algorithm applied to the effort controls, are light m and sound effects on the operator are similar to the combat means of a portable anti-aircraft missile system.

The simulator may include:

- a simulator 21 of the starting engine with a sound emitter;

- simulators of military equipment (launch tubes 10 and training launch mechanisms 11) of various types of portable anti-aircraft missile systems;

- an air target simulator 22 with an autopilot, a navigation system and a first radio modem 23, while the second radio modem 24 is installed in the instructor’s console and connected to one of the ports of the calculator 4 of the electronic computer 3;

- electronic devices 25 for receiving target designation from the command unit 26 of the fire control system of portable anti-aircraft missile systems connected to the third transceiver module 27;

- a simulator of a ground radio transmitter “friend or foe” 28.

Training with the simulator is as follows.

The simulator is delivered to the training ground, the components are removed from the packaging and connected in accordance with the instruction manual.

Electric power is supplied to the instructor’s console 2, which includes an electronic computer 3 as part of a calculator 4 with a keyboard 5 connected to it, a mouse 6 and a video monitor, the first transceiver module 8 connected to one of the calculator ports 4 electronic computers 3, a second radio modem 24 connected to another port.

Electric power is supplied to the command unit 26 of the fire control system of portable anti-aircraft missile systems and to the third transceiver module 27 connected to it. A radio exchange is established between the module 27 and the first transceiver module 8 of the instructor’s console.

An electronic device 25 for receiving target designation from the command unit located at the trainee is turned on.

An individual network address of the trigger mechanism is entered into the main memory of the computer.

Work on the simulator can be done in practical or training modes.

When operating in practical mode, the starting engine 14 is removed from the special packaging and docked to the missile model 12, fixed with a stopper in the launch tube 10, which is an analogue of the launch tube of the MANPADS combat weapon.

To the contact device of the launch tube 10 are connected to the electrical contacts of the engine. After that, the training trigger 11 in the housing 15 is docked to the pipe 10, the electrical connection of the mechanism with the pipe is carried out through the connector 16.

The electrical power of the simulators of military equipment is turned on, and a radio exchange is established between the first transceiver module 8 of the instructor console and the second transceiver module 9 of the trigger mechanism. On the video monitor 7 reflects the individual network address of the training trigger.

The onboard power of the air target simulator is turned on, the instructor enters the flight program of the air target simulator 22 into the electronic computer 3.

Between the electronic computer 3 and the air target simulator 22, radio communication is carried out by means of radio modems 23 and 24 installed in the simulator and the remote control, respectively. The simulator 22 of an air target is launched, which, having in its composition an autopilot and a navigation system, performs a flight in accordance with the program, transmitting its path data to the instructor's console.

Information about the motion parameters of the simulator of an air target from the instructor’s remote control is sent to the command unit 26 of the fire control system of portable anti-aircraft missile systems.

At the instructor's command, the trained anti-aircraft gunner:

- includes an electronic device 25 for receiving target designation from the command unit 26, with the help of which it receives data on the means of air attack - a simulator of an air target (direction, range, speed, etc.);

- includes a simulator 28 ground-based radio "friend or foe" located on the launch tube, and receiving information command unit 26;

- puts the launch tube 10 on the shoulder;

- conducts aiming at the simulator 22 of an air target using a mechanical pipe sight;

- translates the trigger lever of the launch tube to the “tilt” position;

- with proper aiming at the time interval determined by the MANPADS operation algorithm, the target capture unit 13 generates a “capture” state, the corresponding electrical command through connector 16 enters the trigger 11 for processing by the electronic unit 20;

- the anti-aircraft gunner, accompanying the simulator of an air target by means of a sight, puts the trigger 18 on the training trigger 11 in the middle position, and then to the stop, while the contacts of group 19 are activated and the electrical unit 20 receives electrical commands, and the stopper is released and removed fixing layout 12 rockets;

- the electronic unit 20 analyzes the received signals and, when they comply with the MANPADS operating algorithm, issues appropriate commands to the light indicators of the pipe and the trigger, the sound emitter 17 and the electric igniter 14 of the starting engine;

- the electric igniter initiates the pyrotechnic elements of the engine filling, as a result of the reactive thrust, the missile model is ejected from the launch tube, while the shooter experiences a psychophysical effect identical to that when working with a combat product.

In the training mode, instead of the starting engine, the simulator 21 of the starting engine is docked, and at the end of the operation cycle, a sound signal is simulated that simulates the operation of the starting engine.

When the simulator is equipped with a simulator 28 of a ground-based radio friend-or-foe, the shooter recognizes the target’s nationality.

Arrow actions are displayed on the monitor and stored in the computer's memory: sequence, duration of exposure to controls, etc.

At the end of the cycle, the student is automatically rated.

The simulator may include simulators of military equipment of various types of portable anti-aircraft missile systems.

The simulator makes it possible to conduct simultaneous training of several anti-aircraft gunners.

The effectiveness and correctness of the proposed technical solutions is confirmed by the results of the State tests of the tactical training field kit 9F663M.

Claims (2)

1. A simulator for training operators of portable anti-aircraft missile systems, containing simulators of combat weapons of a portable anti-aircraft missile system, an instructor console, which includes an electronic computer as part of a computer with a keyboard connected to it, a mouse and a video monitor, the first and second transceivers modules, the first transceiver module is installed in the instructor's console and connected to one of the ports of the calculator of the electronic computer; They are in the form of a launch tube and a training trigger, characterized in that the second transceiver module is installed in the training trigger, the simulator includes simulators of military equipment of various types of portable anti-aircraft missile systems, an air target simulator with an autopilot, navigation system and a first radio modem, This second radio modem is installed in the remote instructor and connected to one of the ports of the computer calculator. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes electronic devices for receiving target designation from the command unit of the fire control system of portable anti-aircraft missile systems.