RU2549935C1 - Bean-gluten concentrate (bgc) for pig growers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: bean-gluten concentrate for pig growers includes full-fat micronized soybean without cover, extruded peeled lupine, maize gluten SP-62%, lysine, DL-methionine 99%, L-threonine 98%, fish oil, zinc biopleks 15%, iodine biopleks Ioddar, vitamin B₄ 60%, vitamin B₁₂ 1%, L-carnitine 50%, emulsifier Lisofort, antioxidant Endoks. Bean-gluten concentrate can replace fish-meal in the compound feed.

EFFECT: concentrate has optimal composition of vegetative elements ensuring balanced feeding of pig growers, ensuring productivity parameters and feed conversion parameters at level of the compound feeds with fish-meal.

4 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention is intended for use in agriculture, fodder production and relates to the feeding of piglets in industrial pig-breeding complexes, personal, collective and farms. Bean-gluten concentrate is not inferior in quality to fishmeal and can replace it as part of compound feeds.

Due to the shortage and sharp rise in price of fishmeal, an active search is currently underway around the world for an alternative - replacing it in animal feed with more affordable and cheaper proteins, especially of plant origin.

Reducing dependence on fishmeal using new sources of protein is an urgent problem for modern industrial pig breeding. A sufficiently well-known substitute for fishmeal is Soikomil soy protein concentrate (Y. Dersdzhant-Li, T. Guselnikova, RV Nekrasov, MG Chabaev, VN Vinogradov, etc. / Soy protein concentrate in compound feeds for young pigs / Pig production, No. 7, 2011, pp. 26-28). It is proposed to replace fishmeal with by-products from poultry cutting: poultry meat and feather meal (A.A. Antipov, N.S.-A. Niyazov, A.D. Brylev / A new source of animal protein - an alternative to fishmeal / Zootechny, No. 12 , 2010, pp. 8-11). Known yeast extract “Well-Pro” (S. S. Mavlitov, M. M. Valiev, R. G. Ismailov. A.Ya. Yakhin / “Well-Pro” - substitute for fish meal / Pig production, No. 2, 2011, p. 50-51).

Known feed additive according to Russian patent RU No. 2372791, A23K 1/00; А23К 1/16, 2006. The composition of the proposed feed additive includes a mixture of zinc oxide with protein components of vegetable origin: wheat, soybean, rape seed, potato protein, vegetable oil, as well as fish oil, synthetic amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and fatty acids with short and medium carbon chain length. This nutritional supplement is close to fishmeal.

However, its significant drawback is the presence of components used for food purposes (wheat, potato protein, vegetable oil), the absence of specific biological factors inherent in fishmeal, and an imbalance in certain vitamins and minerals.

The supplement contains short and medium chain deficient fatty acids; soybean and rapeseed seeds that have not undergone special treatment to remove anti-nutritional substances are used. In addition, the additive is intended as a means to increase the safety of piglets at the age of 28-42 days, which significantly narrows the scope of its use in pig farming.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a cheap feed supplement containing affordable protein and vegetable protein and a scientifically based complex of biologically active substances of a new generation, approaching in its nutritional qualities to fishmeal.

To solve this problem, a bean-gluten concentrate for young pigs is proposed, including full-fat micronized soybeans, extruded lupine without a shell, corn gluten, essential amino acids, fish oil, trace minerals, L-carnitine, vitamins, fat emulsifier and antioxidant taken in the following ratios , wt.%: full-fat micronized soybean without shell - 45; extruded husked lupine - 35; corn gluten (SP-62%) - 14; lysine (98%) - 3; DL-methionine (99%) - 1; L-threonine (98%) - 1; fish oil - 0.3; zinc bioplex (15%) - 0.06; bioplex of iodine (Ioddar) - 0.006; vitamin B ₄ (60%) - 0.3; vitamin B ₁₂ (1%) - 0.004; L-carnitine (50%) - 0.2; emulsifier lisofort - 0.08; antioxidant endox-0.05.

Technological processing of soybeans by micronization and peeling, extrusion of peeled lupine, which increases the feed value of raw materials; selection of protein components with similar properties (soya full-fat, lupine, corn gluten) harmonizes the aminogram of the additive, gives a synergistic effect, complements and enhances the nutritional properties of the finished product, and in combination with fish oil, these components are an affordable source of biologically valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids - omega -3 and omega-6 (in a ratio of 1: 2).

The introduction of biologically active substances of a new generation of carnitine - a regulator of energy metabolism, lisofort - an improvement in the absorption of lipids, bioplexes of trace elements with high bioavailability, vitamins B ₄ and B ₁₂ involved in protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, bring the quality of the proposed supplement to fish meal (table .one).

Table 1 Qualitative characteristic of feed additives, kg Level of quality Fish flour BGK Metabolic energy, MJ 13.34 13.80 Crude protein,% 39.06 43.31 Crude fiber,% - 6.24 Crude fat,% 27.70 11.90 Lysine, g 38.7 40.10 Methionine + cystine, g 17.6 20.60 Threonine, g 20.5 22.50 Calcium, g 13.3 8.30 Phosphorus, g 26.40 9.20 Iron mg 75 84 Copper mg 4.80 9.60 Zinc mg 97 120 Manganese, mg 10 twenty Cobalt, mg 0.11 0.10 Iodine, mg 2.60 0.17 Vitamin A, ME - 1500 Vitamin D, ME 75 150 Vitamin E, mg 19 26 Vitamin B ₁ mg 0.80 6.10 Vitamin B ₂ mg 5.60 1.80 Vitamin B ₃ mg fifteen 14.20 Vitamin B ₄ mg 3666 3849 Vitamin B ₅ mg 76 28 Vitamin B ₁₂ , mcg 260 400

From the table it can be seen that BGK in most respects corresponds to fishmeal, and in some important elements (essential amino acids, vitamins, trace elements) surpasses it.

The introduction of such a feed additive in the diet of piglets provides a fairly high productivity. The average daily gain in piglets treated with the supplement was close to that of the animals fed fishmeal (527 g versus 532 g), and the feed costs were almost the same (3.21 and 3.19 kg of feed per 1 kg of live weight gain).

Example. Tests of BGK as a part of compound feed on pigs of post-weaning age are carried out. 2 groups of young pigs of 13 animals each were selected. The animals of the first group served as control and received complete feed with fish meal, and the second group received mixed feed of the same composition, but with bean-gluten concentrate. In feed, these additives amounted to 5%. The results are presented in table 2.

table 2 Productivity of young pigs when using bean-gluten concentrate as a substitute for fishmeal in mixed feeds Indicator Group control experienced The number of pigs, goal. 13 13 Live weight of piglets, kg: at statement for the accounting period 25.38 ± 1.1 25.93 ± 1.0 when withdrawing from experience 63.10 ± 2.7 63.38 ± 1.8 Weight gain, kg 37.72 ± 1.9 37.46 ± 1.8 The average daily gain, g 532 ± 27 527 ± 26 In% to the control group 100.00 99,20 The cost of feed for the growth of 1 kg of live weight, kg 3.19 3.21 In% to the control group 100.00 100.60

The table shows that the average daily growth, the cost of feed per 1 kg of growth in animals treated with BGK, were almost the same as the control.

Bacteriological studies did not reveal significant differences between the groups in the microbial landscape of the gastrointestinal tract, in the intestines of animals beneficial microflora dominated. The number of opportunistic microorganisms did not exceed the normative indicators for a given age of piglets.

Blood tests showed that all animals had a protein and mineral metabolism at a fairly high level, and the studied parameters were within the physiological norm.

An experiment was carried out to study the digestibility of feed and the balance of nitrogen in the body of young animals (Table 3).

Table 3 The digestibility ratios of nutrients,% Indicator Group control experienced Dry matter 79.8 80.1 Organic matter 80.8 81.9 Protein 74.6 73.9 Fat 47.3 64.1 Cellulose 39.2 38.5 Nitrogen-free extractive substances (BEV) 84.8 85.5

The digestibility of feed nutrients was high in both groups. It was noted that animals of the second group digested fat and BEV better (fat digestibility was 16.8% higher).

The nitrogen balance in the piglets of both groups was positive. In the body of the control animals, 14.17 g was deposited, and in the experimental one - 13.50 g of nitrogen, the difference is very slight.

It was found that the enrichment additive, created on the basis of high-protein vegetable raw materials, is 42.2% cheaper than fishmeal present on the Russian market.

For direct costs of funds, the economic efficiency of the use of bean-gluten concentrate in the composition of animal feed was calculated in comparison with fishmeal at market prices for 2013 (Table 4).

Table 4 Cost-effectiveness of BGK in compound feeds when rearing young animals (per 1 pig) Indicator Compound feed with additives BGK Fish meal of the Central F.O. Weight gain, kg 37.46 37.72 Combined feed expended, kg 120 120 The cost of 1 kg of feed, rubles. 8.69 9.75 Cost of spent feed, rub. 1042.8 1170 ± to compound feed with BGK, rub. x +127.20 The amount of additional growth, kg x 0.26 The cost of additional growth, rubles. x 13 The increase in costs when using fish meal in feed for 1 goal. rub. x +114.20

The use of BGK is economically feasible. Due to its lower price compared to fishmeal, the cost of feed is reduced, while the cost of growing one piglet is reduced by 114.2 rubles.

Thus, the proposed feed additive has a more optimal composition of plant components, a set of biologically active substances of a new generation, providing balanced feeding and allowing to obtain indicators of productivity and feed conversion at the level of animal feed with fish meal.

Claims (1)

Bean-gluten concentrate for young pigs, including full-fat micronized soybeans, extruded lupine without a shell, corn gluten, essential amino acids, lysine, DL-methionine and L-threonine, fish oil, bioplexes of trace elements zinc and iodine, L-carnitine, vitamins B ₄ and B ₁₂ , Lysofort fat emulsifier and Endox antioxidant, taken in the following proportions, wt.%: full-fat micronized soybean without shell - 45; extruded husked lupine - 35; corn gluten SP-62% - 14; 98% lysine - 3; DL-methionine 99% - 1; L-threonine 98% - 1; fish oil - 0.3; 15% zinc bioplex - 0.06; Bioplex of iodine Ioddar - 0.006; Vitamin B ₄ 60% - 0.3; vitamin B ₁₂ 1% - 0.004; L-carnitine 50% - 0.2; emulsifier Lysofort - 0.08; Antioxidant Endox - 0.05.