RU2413925C1 - Antitank cumulative mine of manual installation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: mine comprises device of manual start with start-up mechanism, extended vessel in the form of half-cylinder with groove-like cumulative facing, arranged in flat part of body, charge of explosive substance, detonating device, arranged in end of vessel, with safety-actuation mechanism, having pressure and temperature sensor, two simultaneously actuating initiators connected to each other and transmission charge by detonating cords, collapsible alignment device. Insert of porous material is installed into cavity of cumulative facing. Alignment device is closed with thin-walled cover, having groove-like ledge arranged coaxially with cumulative facing. Cover is retained on mine with spring bracket. On body of manual start device there is a flat spring fixed in the form of half-ring with ledges entering slots of semi-cylindrical part of mine body. Start mechanism with cap primer is arranged in bushing and has spring-loaded striker retained by ball, pad and flexible pin in the form of caproic thread tightly wrapped around it. One end of thread is retained with its turns arranged inside bushing of start-up mechanism, and the second one is fixed on sealing transport cap.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of action on area.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and in particular to a device for anti-tank cumulative mines of a manual installation.

Cumulative anti-tank mines installed on the ground and in the ground are designed to mine the terrain manually against enemy armored vehicles and vehicles.

The experience of recent local wars and armed conflicts shows the need for the use of anti-tank cumulative mines of manual installation by mobile sapper detachments of barriers, special forces of the airborne troops, reconnaissance units, etc. for the construction of mine ambushes, mining various defile, dirt roads and other sections of the terrain against armored and enemy vehicles.

Along with the requirements to ensure the effectiveness of the striking effect, anti-tank cumulative mines of a manual installation must allow the soldiers to carry special forces in backpacks, duffel bags on themselves, while the mines should have the smallest mass, allow quick installation on the ground, including a throw with moving motor vehicles and helicopters.

The following standard anti-tank mines of manual installation are known (“Arms of Russia”, Catalog, vol. VII, “High-precision weapons and ammunition”, AOZT “Military Parade”, M., 1997, p. 638):

- anti-tank high-explosive mines of the TM-62 series;

- anti-tank cumulative anti-bottom mine TM-72;

- anti-tank cumulative high-explosive mine TM-89 and others.

These anti-tank mines defeat armored vehicles and motor vehicles, however, a significant drawback of these mines, which makes them difficult to use when carrying combat engineer, reconnaissance, and other special forces, especially in mountainous and rugged terrain, is their large mass - up to 12 kg or more , which does not allow the fighter to endure more than 1-2 minutes.

The analysis shows that anti-tank mines of a manual installation do not provide effective combat missions by special forces because of their large mass and dimensions.

The anti-tank cumulative mine of a remote installation is also known (patent No. 2254552 of December 25, 2003, Russian Federation, RU 2254552 C1, IPC F42B 23/04, published on June 20, 2005 in bulletin No. 17), which can be installed in the mining zone as a part of cartridges from a helicopter, land mine loaders and using a portable manual remote mining system from the soil surface (“Engineering Ammunition. Material Guide”, Book 5, USSR Ministry of Defense, 1987, p. 81).

The portable manual system of remote mining from the soil surface is designed for the quick installation of local anti-tank and anti-personnel minefields by firing cluster mines from barreled cassettes from the ground in a given direction to a range of about 50 ... 100 m.

The disadvantages of this portable manual system of remote mining from the soil surface are:

- the cartridge for shooting mines is installed on the surface of the soil, which is a unmasking sign;

- mines are fired from the cartridge at the command of the operator, which should be at a distance of 15 meters, which requires the deployment of a wire line and the use of a blasting machine;

- to prepare for operation of the system and cassettes with mines for operation, about 10 preparatory operations and a certain, rather large time are required;

- bulky components of the system and cartridges with mines limit the carrying on itself of sapper and special forces, because the total mass of one manual system of remote mining is at least 11 kg;

- for firing mines from cartridges using the well-known hand-held portable remote mining system from moving vehicles or from a helicopter, the use of additional devices is required due to the high recoil force during firing;

- when firing cluster anti-tank mines from a hand-held portable system of remote mining, mines, due to their aerodynamic dispersion, may not get on the mine road;

- using a hand-held portable remote mining system, cluster mines cannot be installed in the ground to mask them.

The above anti-tank cumulative mine remote installation selected as a prototype.

The aim of the present invention is to provide the possibility of manual use, as well as improving the effectiveness of the action on the ground when installing in the ground cassette anti-tank cumulative mine remote installation.

To achieve the above goal (technical result), the applicant proposes a new anti-tank cumulative mine of a manual installation, including an anti-tank cumulative cartridge cluster mine of a PTM-4 type remote installation, containing, as you know, an elongated body in the form of a half-cylinder with a gutter-shaped cumulative lining located in the flat part of the body , and grooves in its cylindrical part, the explosive charge, an explosive device located at the end of the case, with a safety-executive fur With a temperature and pressure sensor, as well as a transfer charge, two simultaneously triggered initiators, interconnected with the transfer charge by detonating cords, a folding orienting device in the form of a spring-loaded fabric cover, mounted on the flat part of the hull, and a mine launch manual device use close to the end of the explosive device.

The new anti-tank cumulative mine of a manual installation, along with the well-known ones, is characterized by the following set of essential features, providing it with increased operational parameters when manually installing a mine on the ground.

The anti-tank cumulative mine of the remote installation for its use is manually equipped with an insert of porous material, for example, expanded polystyrene, and the insert is installed in the cavity of the gutter-shaped cumulative lining, which ensures the absence of water, dirt, etc. in this cavity when installed in various soils. This also ensures the preservation of the effectiveness of the cumulative action on the target.

The orienting device in the folded position is closed by a thin-walled cover having a gutter-shaped protrusion placed coaxially with the cumulative lining, while the lid is held on a mine in the transport position by a spring clip.

To ensure the cocking of the mine’s explosive device, a manual launch device is used, and a flat spring in the form of a half-ring with protrusions entering the grooves of the semi-cylindrical part of the mine’s housing and a firmly held manual launch device on the mine is attached to the manual launch device.

This design provides compactness and allows you to carry a mine in backpacks, duffel bags, etc. and quickly install it manually in the ground or on the ground, while a thin-walled cover with a groove-shaped protrusion placed coaxially with the cumulative lining, provides the formation of a cumulative jet when installing mines with a masking layer soil, and the spring clip provides its quick removal, disclosure of the spring-loaded orienting device in the form of a fabric cover and the ability to install mines in the area with a throw from the moving the axis of the car or into the hatch of a flying helicopter. In this case, the mine automatically orientates itself on the ground with a gutter-shaped cumulative lining towards the upper hemisphere.

The manual launcher included in the inventive anti-tank cumulative mines of manual installation has a housing with a socket in the form of a half-cylinder and a trigger mechanism with a firing type igniter capsule that are joined when a safety-executive mechanism is applied to the end face with a temperature and pressure sensor of the mine explosive device, and on the case manual launch device fixed flat spring in the form of a half-ring with protrusions entering the grooves of the semi-cylindrical part of the mine’s body, and firmly hold a manual device for launching on a mine during use.

The starting igniter mechanism with the manual igniter capsule igniter has a spring-loaded striker held in the transport position by a ball, an overlay and a flexible pin wrapped in it in the form of a kapron thread, with one end of the thread being held by its coils placed inside the sleeve, and the second is fixed to the sealing transport cap, which ensures the reliability and safety of the manual start device when using the kit.

The figure 1 shows the appearance of the anti-tank cumulative mines of a manual installation.

The figure 2 shows the device anti-tank cumulative mines with a liner of porous material and a cover having a grooved protrusion.

The figure 3 shows a manual start device.

The figure 4 shows the installation of anti-tank cumulative mines of manual installation in the ground with a camouflage layer.

The figure 5 shows the installation of anti-tank cumulative mines of manual installation on the surface of the soil.

The figure 6 shows the principle of operation of the anti-tank cumulative mines of manual installation on the tank.

The anti-tank cumulative mine of a manual installation includes an anti-tank cumulative mine of a remote installation (1) and a manual launch device (2).

The anti-tank cumulative mine of the remote installation (1) contains an elongated case (3) with a gutter-shaped cumulative lining (4) located in the flat part of the case (3), an explosive charge (5), an explosive device (6) located at the end of the case (3) ) with a safety-executive mechanism having a temperature and pressure sensor (7), as well as a transfer charge (8), two simultaneously triggered initiators (9), interconnected with the transfer charge (8) by detonating cords (10), a folding orienting device (11) in the form of a spring-loaded fabric cover, mounted on the flat part of the body (3), the mine being also provided with an insert (12) made of porous material, for example, expanded polystyrene, while the insert (12) is installed in the cavity of the gutter-shaped cumulative lining (4), the orienting device (11) in the folded position is closed by a thin-walled cover (13) having a gutter-like protrusion (14) placed coaxially with the cumulative lining (4), the cover (13) is held on a mine in the transport position by a spring clip (15).

The manual trigger device (2) has a housing (16) with a socket in the form of a half-cylinder and a trigger mechanism (17) with a flare-type capsule-igniter (18) that can be joined when the safety-actuating mechanism is applied to the end face with an explosive temperature and pressure sensor (7) devices (6) mines, and on the body (16) of the manual launch device, a flat spring (19) is fixed with protrusions (20) included in the grooves (28) of the cylindrical part of the housing (3) of the mine, and a firmly holding manual launch device on the mine at application, while starting mechanic 3M (17) with an igniter capsule (18) is placed in the sleeve (21) and has a spring-loaded striker (22) held in the transport position by a ball (23), a cover plate (24) and tightly wrapped on it with a flexible pin (25) in the form nylon filament, with one end of the filament being held by its coils placed inside the sleeve (21), and the second end is fixed to the sealing transport cap (26).

The inventive anti-tank cumulative mine manual installation operates as follows.

Before using the anti-tank cumulative mine of a manual installation, a hole is dug in the ground, the manual launch device (2) is docked to the mine (1) from the side of the explosive device, as shown in figure 1, while the flat spring (19) is wrung out, and the manual launch device is the housing (16) with a socket in the form of a half-cylinder is put on the mine in such a way that the protrusions (20) fit snugly into the corresponding grooves of the mine body (3), while the igniter capsule (18) of the manual start device (1) is installed opposite the sensor temperature and pressure (7) of the safety-executive mechanism of the explosive device (6) mines.

The standard safety pin (27) is removed from the explosive device (6), the transport cap (26) with the end of the capron thread of the flexible pin (25) fixed on it is turned off, the thread is pulled to an incomplete length, after which the mine is inserted into the hole and masked with soil, as shown in figure 4.

When pulling out the flexible check (25) by the cap (26), its nylon thread is completely unwound in the sleeve (21) of the trigger (17), releasing the pad (24), the ball (23) is rolled out into the cavity of the sleeve (21), while a spring-loaded striker (22) punctures the igniter capsule (18), which ignites the temperature and pressure sensor (7) of the safety-actuating mechanism of the mine explosive device (6).

After practicing the standard long-range cocking mechanism of the explosive device (6), the mine is set to the standby mode of the target.

When a tank (29) or vehicles are hit by a mine, as shown in figure 6, a standard magnetic sensor of an explosive device (6) is triggered, an electric signal triggers a transfer charge (8), which initiates a standard detonating cord (10), while at the same time, two regular initiators (9) are blown up, which in turn initiate a regular explosive charge (5) on both sides, under the influence of detonation products of which the liner (12) of a porous material, for example, expanded polystyrene, is sprayed, and a standard gutter-like lining (4) in the cavity under the thin-walled cover (13) formed by its gutter-shaped protrusion (14), placed coaxially with the cumulative lining (4), a high-speed cumulative jet is formed that penetrates the thin-walled cover (13), and then pierces the tank bottom or a car, hitting its units and crew.

When they hit a mine with a tank caterpillar or a car wheel, they are destroyed by the explosive action of an explosion.

If there is no target, the mine will self-destruct after the specified regular self-destruction time has passed.

If it is necessary to install the mine on the ground, the bracket (15) and the cover (13) are removed from the mine, while the standard folding orienting device (11) is opened in the form of a spring-loaded fabric cover, the flexible receipt (25) in the form of a nylon pin is completely pulled out of the manual launch device thread, after which the mine is thrown by hand at the right place on the ground, while the mine is automatically set on the ground surface in the combat position similar to a remote installation mine, while the orienting device is reset from mines, as shown in figure 5, so as not to unmask the mine.

After installation on the ground, the action of the anti-tank cumulative mine of a manual installation occurs similarly to that described above.

The declared anti-tank cumulative mine of a manual installation fully developed the technical documentation. In accordance with this technical documentation, a batch of mines was manufactured and tested with positive results, while the total mass of mines was not more than 3.6 kg, which is significantly less in comparison with the well-known anti-tank mines of a manual installation.

Tests have shown that anti-tank cumulative mines with the installation handle can be carried on backpacks and duffel bags.

The above tests fully confirmed the increased operational parameters of the anti-tank cumulative mine of a manual installation while maintaining combat effectiveness at the level of a standard cluster mine mine of the PTM-4 remote installation.

Callout number in figures and its interpretation:

1 - anti-tank cumulative mine;

2 - manual start device;

3 - an elongated mine shell in the form of a half cylinder;

4 - gutter-shaped cumulative lining;

5 - explosive charge;

6 - explosive device;

7 - temperature and pressure sensor;

8 - transfer charge;

9 - simultaneously triggered initiators;

10 - detonating cords;

11 - orientation device mines in the form of a spring-loaded fabric cover;

12 - liner of a porous material;

13 - thin-walled cover;

14 - grooved protrusion of the cover;

15 - spring clip;

16 - housing with a socket in the form of a half cylinder;

17 - trigger;

18 - firing type primer;

19 - a flat spring;

20 - protrusion of a flat spring:

21 - trigger sleeve;

22 - spring loaded drummer;

23 - ball;

24 - overlay;

25 - flexible receipt in the form of a kapron thread;

26 - transport cap;

27 - full-time safety check mine explosive device;

28 - grooves on the cylindrical part of the mine shell;

29 - tank.

Claims (1)

An anti-tank cumulative mine of manual installation, comprising a body in the form of an elongated half cylinder with grooves on its cylindrical part, an explosive device with a safety-actuating mechanism, a folding orienting device in the form of a spring-loaded fabric cover and a device for manually launching an explosive device, while the flat part of the mine body is made in in the form of a cumulative lining with a liner of porous material placed in its cavity, a folding orienting device is fixed externally to the front part of the mine shell and is closed in the transport position by a thin-walled cover with a gutter-shaped protrusion located coaxially with the cumulative lining and held with the help of a spring clip mounted on the mine shell, an explosive device and a safety-actuating mechanism are located at the end of the mine shell and contain a temperature sensor and pressure, transfer charge and two initiators connected to each other and with transfer charge by detonating cords, the manual trigger device contains a trigger anism in the form of a sleeve with a capsule igniter coaxially located with a fuse temperature and pressure sensor, a spring-loaded striker, a ball held in transport position, and the ball itself - with a cover plate and a flexible pin tightly wrapped around it in the form of a kapron thread, one end of which is held by its turns, placed on it inside the sleeve, and the second is mounted on a sealing transport cap, and the sleeve itself is mounted on the mine’s body using a flat spring in the form of a half ring with protrusions included in the corresponding the grooves of its cylindrical part.

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