RU2495559C1 - Device for combing layer of linen flax stalks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to primary processing of fibre crops, and can be used in layer-forming machines of breaking and scutching machines for combing of the layer linen flax stalks in formation of a stalk layer before entering into the breaking machine. The device comprises a clamping conveyor (1) and combing mechanisms with needles (3) located on both sides. Combing mechanisms are arranged as endless chains (2) mounted with needles (3) located above the conveyor clamp (1) and adjustable at the sharp angle thereto. The trajectory of the needles (3) at the exit of the stalks of the layer is regulated depending on the width of the combing layer.

EFFECT: invention reduces damage to stalks when combing a layer of stalks of linen flax.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the primary processing of bast crops and can be used in layering machines milling and bobbin aggregates for combing a layer of stalks of flax flax when forming a stalk layer before feeding into the milling machine.

It is known that for the efficient processing of the layer of stalks of flax raw materials on the milling-bobbin aggregate, the layer of stems entering the milling machine must be of a certain linear density and have a certain structure (Ipatov AM Theoretical Foundations of the mechanical processing of stalks of bast crops / AM Ipatov. - M .: Legprombytizdat. - 1989 .-- P.40 - 42).

The preparation of the stalk layer for processing is carried out by thinning it on a layer-forming machines. Since the efficiency of the layering process is mainly determined by the structure and cohesion of the stems in the layer fed into the layer forming machine, it is advisable to comb the stalk layer (Makarov V.V. Primary processing of flax and other bast crops / V.V. Makarov. - M .: Easy and food industry. - 1981. - P.189).

Known drum machines for combing stems in the layer (Sivtsov A.N. Primary processing of bast fibers / A.N. Sivtsov. - M .: State Scientific and Technical Publishing House of Light Industry. - 1949. - P.298). All these machines contain a clamping conveyor and cylindrical or conical drums located on its sides perpendicular to the clamping conveyor with needle ridges mounted on their surface. The comb of the stalk layer occurs due to the periodic introduction of the ridges of the ridges into the material layer moving in the direction perpendicular to the rotation of the drums. The main disadvantages of the known drum machines for combing stems in the layer are high dynamic effects on the material and a small depth of carding.

A known machine consisting of a clamping conveyor and stripping drums with two ridges on each located at some angle to the clamping conveyor (Sivtsov A.N. Primary processing of bast fibers / A.N. Sivtsov. - M.: State Scientific -technical publishing house of light industry. - 1949. - P.295). When the drums rotate, the crests are always in the vertical position due to the planetary gear, comb the ends of the stems, remove the confusion and parallelize the stems. The disadvantages of this machine for combing stems are also high dynamic effects on the material and the small depth of the comb.

A device for combing a layer of stems (Sivtsov A.N. Primary treatment of bast fibers / A.N. Sivtsov. - M.: State scientific and technical publishing house of light industry. - 1949. - S.297, prototype), containing a clamping conveyor and carding mechanism, consisting of ridges with flat needles located on both sides of the conveyor belt. The ridges are driven by a crank mechanism and, with a reciprocating motion, comb through the stalk layer. The main disadvantage of this device for combing the stalk layer is the high dynamic effects on the material, as a result of significant damage to the fibrous part of the stems and ultimately the decrease in the yield of long fiber.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device for combing a layer of stalks of flax flax, which provides an increase in the efficiency of combing the stem layer when forming it before serving in a milling machine.

The technical result from the solution of the problem is to reduce damage to the stems when combing the layer of stems of flax flax.

The object of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the device for combing a layer of stalks of flax flax, containing a clamping conveyor and combing mechanisms with needles located on both sides, the combing mechanisms are made in the form of endless chains located above the clamping conveyor and at a sharp adjustable angle to it needles installed on them, the trajectory of which at the place of their exit from the stalk layer is regulated depending on the width of the combed part of the layer.

The execution of the combing mechanisms in the form of endless chains located above the clamping conveyor and at a sharp adjustable angle to it with needles mounted on them allows combing simultaneously with the movement of a layer of stems of flax flax gradually, without significant dynamic effects, removing confusion, improving the structure of the layer. Reducing the dynamic effects on the material also reduces damage to the stems of flax flax on the surface interacting with them during the carding process, which, ultimately, provides an increase in the yield of long fiber.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a device for combing a layer of stalks of flax flax, left view; figure 2 is the same, a top view.

A device for combing a layer of stalks of flax flax contains a clamping conveyor 1 located on two sides above the clamping conveyor 1 and with an acute adjustable angle γ to it combing mechanisms made in the form of endless chains 2 with needles mounted on them 3. The trajectory of the needles 3 in the place of their exit from the stalk layer is controlled by changing the value of the acute angle γ depending on the width of the combed part of the layer.

A device for combing a layer of stalks of flax flax works as follows.

The layer of stalks of flax flax enters the clamping conveyor 1 and is transported in a horizontal layer. When the layer and the endless chains 2 move, the needles 3 sequentially pierce the layer and, due to the arrangement of chains 2 at an acute adjustable angle γ to the clamping conveyor 1, move relative to the stems in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the layer movement (along the stems), without significant dynamic effects, confusion layer limits, dramatically reducing the cohesion of the stems. Reducing damage to the stems, breaking the connection between the stems helps to improve the structural characteristics of the stalk layer of flax flax in the process of combing it.

Claims (1)

A device for combing a layer of stalks of flax flax containing a clamping conveyor and combing mechanisms with needles located on both sides, characterized in that the combing mechanisms are made in the form of endless chains located above the clamping conveyor and at an adjustable angle to it with needles mounted on them, whose motion path at the place of their exit from the stalk layer is regulated depending on the width of the combed part of the layer.

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