RU2480517C1 - Maize germs oil production line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.SUBSTANCE: line includes a unit for maize grains preparation for treatment, such unit equipped with a scalperator, a air sieve separator, a stone extractor, a moistening apparatus and a vessel for softening, and a unit for maize germs separation from grains, such unit equipped with shaking machines and a drier, a germ milling unit for meal production and a wet-heat meal treatment unit for mash production and pressing to produce oil. Two sequentially connected photoelectric separators are additionally installed in the unit for maize grains preparation for treatment before the moistening apparatus. The first separator is intended for impurities removal according to colour. The second separator is intended for removal of impurities having an identical colour with maize grains but different geometrical dimensions. Two sequentially connected photoelectric separators are additionally installed after the softening vessel. The first separator is intended for grain mass fractionation, according to area surface, into a coarse and a fine fractions. The second separator is intended for the coarse fraction dividing, according to length, into two fractions: those of oblong and round shape. The two fractions divided according to length are separately supplied to the unit for maize germs separation from grains. Glazing machines equipped with aspiration systems are additionally installed in the unit for maize germs separation from grains before the shaking machines. Sequentially connected rotary drum machines and shaking machines are additionally installed before the drier. The line units are sealed.EFFECT: invention usage will allow to ensure high quality maize oil production.1 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the food industry and can be used for the production of corn oil from corn kernels.

A known line for producing oil from corn kernels, including a node for cleaning corn grain from foreign impurities, a node for separating the germ from corn grain, a node for grinding corn kernels to obtain a mint, a unit for the thermal and thermal treatment of the mint to produce pulp and compress it to produce oil (Production technology manual and processing of vegetable oils and fats, L .: VNIIZh. - 1974. - 1, book 1, p. 463-470).

The disadvantages of this line include the low quality of the obtained corn oils, including high rates of oxidative damage to the oils.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a highly efficient line that provides high-quality corn oils, due to the intensification of technological processes in individual nodes of the line and due to the close relationship of the design features of these nodes.

The problem is solved in that in the line for producing oil from corn germ, including a unit for preparing corn grain for processing, equipped with a scalper, a sieve-air separator, a stone sampler, a humidifier and a tank for weaning, a knot for separating the germ from corn grain, equipped with sifters and a dryer, a knot for grinding corn kernels to produce a mint, and a unit for moisture-thermal processing of the mint to produce pulp and compress it to produce oil, in the unit for preparing corn grain for processing in front of the humidifier two additional photoelectronic separators are connected in series, the first of which is designed to remove impurities along vetu, and the second is designed to remove impurities that have the same color as corn grain, but different geometrical sizes, and after the tacking tank, two photoelectronic separators are additionally connected in series, the first of which is used to fractionate the grain mass by surface area into large and small fractions, and the second is designed to separate a large fraction along the length into two fractions: oblong and rounded, with two hearth fractions separated along the length tsya for separating germ from corn node separately, and in the branch node from corn germ before sieving additionally installed grinding machine equipped aspiration systems, and before dryer additionally installed consecutively connected Roller machines and sieving, wherein the line assemblies are sealed.

The technical result is the achievement of high quality corn oil with low rates of oxidative damage.

The drawing shows a schematic flow diagram of a line for producing oil from corn kernels.

The inventive line consists of a receiving tank for corn grain (item 1), a scalper (item 2) for removing coarse impurities, a sieve separator (item 3) for removing large, small and light impurities, a stone sampler (item 4) for removal mineral impurities (pebbles, sand, etc.) and punctured grains, a separator hopper (pos. 5), a photoelectronic separator (pos. 6) for removing extraneous impurities by color, a separator hopper (pos. 7), a photoelectron separator (pos. .8) to remove impurities having the same color as corn grain, but p various geometrical dimensions, humidification apparatus (pos. 9), containers for smoothing (pos. 10), over-separator hopper (pos. 11), photoelectronic separator (pos. 12) for fractioning the grain mass by surface area into coarse and fine fractions, overseparator hopper (pos. 13), photoelectronic separator (pos. 14) for dividing a large fraction into 2 fractions: oblong and round, magnetic separators (pos. 15), buffer tanks (pos. 16), grinders (pos. 17) equipped with aspiration systems (key 18) sifting (pos. 19), magnetic separators (pos. 20), roller machines (pos. 21), sifting (pos. 22), dryer (pos. 23), magnetic separator (pos. 24) for extracting magnetic impurities, a five-roller machine (pos. 25), intended for grinding the embryo to obtain a binder, a magnetic separator (pos. 26) for extracting magnetic impurities from the binder and a press unit (pos. 27) for the heat and moisture treatment of the biscuit to produce pulp and compress it with oil.

The inventive line operates as follows.

The grain mass enters the receiving tank (item 1), and then it is subsequently cleaned: from coarse impurities on the scalper (item 2); from large, small and light impurities on a sieve-air separator (item 3); from mineral impurities and punctured grains on a stone sampler (item 4). Separated impurities and punctured grains are removed from production.

The grain from the stone sampler (item 4) enters the over-separator hopper (item 5), and then into the photoelectronic separator (item 6) to separate foreign impurities (mineral impurities, spoiled grains, seeds of wild plants) from the grain, then the grain enters the over-separator hopper (pos. 7) and the photoelectronic separator (pos. 8) to remove impurities that have the same color as the corn grain, but different geometric sizes.

The cleaned grain mass enters the humidifier (pos. 9) for hydrothermal treatment, and then into the retention tank (pos. 10) and the over-separator hopper (pos. 11), from which it is fed to the photoelectronic separator (pos. 12), where grain fractionation by surface area into coarse and fine fractions is carried out.

A large fraction from the photoelectronic separator (item 12) enters the over-separator hopper (item 13), and then into the photoelectronic separator (item 14), in which it is fractionated along the length into two fractions: oblong (fraction 1) and rounded (fraction 2).

The two fractions separated from the length of the photoelectronic separator (pos. 14) and the small fraction from the photoelectronic separator (pos. 12) are fed to the unit for separating the germ from the corn grain separately through magnetic separators (pos. 15), in which the separation of metallomagnetic impurities is carried out, in buffer tanks (pos.16.) and to grinding machines (pos.17), equipped with aspiration systems (pos.18).

On grinding machines (pos. 17), the shell is removed from the grain surface and the embryo is partially removed. The shell through aspiration systems (pos. 18) is taken out of production.

After grinding machines (pos. 17), a mixture consisting of whole grain, coarse crushed, finely crushed, flour and germ is sent for separation into screenings (pos. 19). The embryo from the screenings (key 19) is sent to the dryer (key 23). Large and small crushers from sifting (item 19) are sent to the production of cereals and flour. A sowing meal (item 19) is sent to feed production.

The whole core from the screenings (pos.19) through magnetic separators (pos.20) is sent to the roller machines (pos.21) to separate the embryo.

After the roller mills (pos. 21), the resulting mixture, consisting of crushed corn, germ and flour, is sent to screenings (pos. 22) to isolate the embryo, which is then fed to the dryer (pos. 23). Crushed corn grain of various sizes from sifting (pos. 22) is sent to the production of flour or cereal, and flour from sifting (pos. 22) is sent to the production of feed.

The embryo leaving the dryer (pos. 23) is cleaned of magnetic impurities in a magnetic separator (pos. 24), and then it enters the five-roller machine (pos. 25), where it is crushed to obtain a mint.

The resulting peppermint is also subjected to purification from magnetic impurities in a magnetic separator (key 26), and then fed to a press unit, where the heat of the peppermint is heated to obtain pulp and the pulp is pressed to produce oil.

The solution to the problem of the invention is realized by additionally equipping the unit for preparing corn grain for processing with two photoelectronic separators, in the first of which foreign impurities are removed from the mass of grain, and in the second, foreign impurities that have the same color as corn grain but different geometric sizes are removed , which makes it possible in the future to obtain a nucleus that is practically free of impurities, i.e. to obtain high quality raw materials, and consequently, corn oil from it of higher quality with low rates of oxidative damage: with low acid, peroxide and anisidine numbers.

In addition, additional staffing of the unit for preparing corn grain for processing after the container for breaking off with two photoelectronic separators for separating the grain mass into coarse and fine fractions, subsequent fractionation of the coarse fraction in length into two fractions: round and oblong, as well as separate grinding of round-shaped fractions, elongated shape and fine fraction allows more efficient grinding process with maximum separation of the shell from the embryo, i.e. to obtain a germ with a minimum shell content, and consequently, corn oil from it of a higher quality, namely, with a lower content of oxidation products, unsaponifiable lipids and, first of all, practically free of wax-like substances, which will subsequently exclude oil refining stages of bleaching and freezing, i.e. increase the yield of refined corn oil.

In the photoelectronic separator (item 6) (PUBU photoelectronic separators of various capacities. Operation and maintenance manual. Manufacturer: South Korean company DAEWON-GS1 СО, LTD, 2007), foreign impurities are removed from the grain by their color difference with obtaining cleaner grain.

In the photoelectronic separator (item 8) (NANTA ACE model photoelectronic separator of various capacities. Manufacturer: South Korean company DAEWON-GSL1), foreign particles are removed that have the same color as corn grain but different geometrical sizes, which allows to achieve the maximum degree of purification grain, from impurities, and therefore, to obtain high quality raw materials, and from it higher quality oil.

In the photoelectronic separator (item 12), the purified grain mass is fractionated by surface area into coarse and fine fractions, which makes it possible to isolate the fine fraction, which is then separately fed to the grinder, which, in turn, ensures subsequent reduction of flour formation and subsequent grinding an increase in the yield of the embryo and, consequently, an increase in the yield of corn oil.

In the photoelectronic separator (item 14) (NANTA ACE model photoelectronic separator of various capacities. Manufacturer: South Korean company DAEWON-GSL1), a large fraction is fractionated along the length into two fractions: oblong (fraction 1) and rounded (fraction 2) shapes, which are sent separately to grinding units, which reduces the formation of flour and increases the yield of the embryo, which will also increase the yield of corn oil.

On grinding machines (pos. 17), consisting of two grinding units (Sanding units of the DWMA-30 and DWMF-30 models. Operation and maintenance manual. Manufacturer: South Korean company DAEWON-GS1 СО, LTD), occurs maximum removal of the shell from the surface of the corn grain, which subsequently provides a lower shell content in the target product in the seed, and, consequently, the production of oil from it of higher quality.

All devices of the inventive line are sealed, which prevents the emission of dust (weed or grain) from the apparatus bodies into the air.

On the claimed line was carried out experimental processing of corn germ with oil.

The performance indicators of the claimed and known lines are shown in the table.

Table Name of indicator Indicator value Famous line The claimed line Acid number, mg KOH / g 4.61-4.93 2.35-2.49 Peroxide value, mmol of active oxygen / kg 17.80-18.35 6.70-7.10 Anisidine number 6.7-7.5 3.8-4.0 Total Product Content oxidation insoluble in diethyl ether,% 0.48-0.60 0.20-0.25 Mass fraction of unsaponifiable lipids,%, including 2,30-2,50 0.85-0.97 wax-like substances 0.10-0.15 traces

Thus, the implementation of the technological process for the production of oil from corn kernels on the claimed line in comparison with the known one allows to obtain higher quality oil, which, with its subsequent refinement, will increase the yield of the refined product.

Claims (1)

Oil producing line from corn germ comprising corn grain preparation unit for processing, stocked skalperators, sitovozdushnym separator Stone cleaners, the humidifying apparatus and a container for otvolazhivaniya and germ separation unit from corn, stocked sieving and dryer, germ grinding unit to obtain myatki and node for thermal treatment of mint with obtaining pulp and pressing it to obtain oil, characterized in that in the node for preparing corn grain for processing before moistening The apparatus additionally installed two series-connected photoelectronic separators, the first of which is designed to remove extraneous impurities by color, and the second is designed to remove extraneous impurities that have the same color as corn grain, but different geometrical dimensions, and two sequentially are installed after the retention tank connected photoelectronic separators, the first of which is designed to fractionate the grain mass by surface area on a circle full and fine fractions, and the second one is designed to separate the large fraction into two fractions: oblong and round in shape, while two fractions separated in length are fed to the unit for separating the embryo from the corn grain separately, and in the unit for separating the embryo from the corn grain before sieving additionally installed grinding machines equipped with aspiration systems, and in front of the dryer, series-connected roller machines and screenings are additionally installed, while the nodes of the line are sealed.

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