RU2463094C1 - Fire extinguishing module - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire fighting resources.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment and is intended for automatic fire extinguishing with automatic stationary or mobile units with use of liquid sprayed with neutral gas. Extinguishing module includes a housing, vertically mounted cylinder with a siphon tube and a pressure indicator. The cylinder is divided into liquid and gas capacities. At the exit of the cylinder the lock-start gear of pyrotechnic type is mounted. The device is connected electrically to the smoke detectors, and hydraulically - with a sprayer. Siphon tube is made of constant cross section with a diffuser on the end facing the bottom of the cylinder. In the top of the cylinder a fitting is mounted which has a check valve for gas injection. The sprayer comprises a hollow body in the form of a sphere, which has an inlet hole and outlet throttle element. Housing is located between the nozzle and the holder, with the inlet hole plane of the housing is located perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the nipple and the holder. Output throttling element is made in the form of cylindrical holes, equally spaced on a spherical surface of the housing. The axes of the holes are arranged on radial lines that connect the center of the spherical surface of the housing to the center of the hole.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of fire fighting by increasing the operating speed.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire fighting equipment and is intended to extinguish fires with automatic stationary or mobile installations using liquid (water) sprayed with neutral gas in cultural institutions, in computer facilities, on ships, aircraft, warehouses and other objects in which people and valuable equipment.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the fire extinguishing module according to RF patent No. 2405607, comprising a housing made of profiled steel strips, in which a cylinder with a siphon tube is vertically mounted, separated by a liquid level into liquid and gas volumes, and filled with a fire extinguishing liquid located under pressure of compressed gas, a pressure switch, and at the exit from the cylinder, a pyrotechnic-type locking and starting device is installed, electrically connected through a device smoke detectors and hydraulically with a sprayer connected to a siphon tube, the sprayer being made with a cylindrical internal cavity in which a gas-liquid flow inverter is installed with a radial clearance, made in the form of a blind glass with side openings whose area exceeds the area of the spray outlet (prototype) .

The disadvantage of this device is the relatively low speed due to the separation of the siphon tube into two sections with holes, which makes it difficult to quickly empty the container.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of fire fighting by increasing speed.

This is achieved by the fact that in the fire extinguishing module, which includes a housing made of profiled steel strips, in which a cylinder with a siphon tube is vertically mounted, separated by a liquid level into liquid and gas volumes, and filled with a fire extinguishing liquid under pressure of compressed gas, a pressure signaling device, moreover, at the exit from the cylinder, a pyrotechnic-type locking and starting device is installed, electrically connected via a control device with smoke detectors and hydraulically - with a spray gun, with dyne with a siphon tube, and the siphon tube is made of constant cross-section with a diffuser at the end facing the bottom of the cylinder, and a pressure switch is installed in the upper part of the cylinder, in which is mounted a fitting for injecting gas, having at the end located in the gas volume of the cylinder, a check valve and the sprayer contains a hollow body in the form of a sphere on which the inlet and outlet throttling element are located, while the body is placed between the nozzle and the holder, fixing it so that the plane the bottom hole of the housing is perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the nozzle and holder, while the output throttling element is made in the form of cylindrical throttle holes evenly spaced on the spherical surface of the body, the axes of which are located on radial lines connecting the center of the spherical surface of the body with the center of the hole, while the perforation coefficient the perforated spherical surface of the body lies in the optimal range of values - 0.5 ÷ 0.8.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the fire extinguishing module, figure 2 is a diagram of a gas-liquid flow atomizer.

The sprayed liquid fire extinguishing module (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1 made of profiled steel strips, in which a cylinder 2 is vertically mounted, consisting of a cylindrical housing, a bottom and an upper part, and is separated by a liquid level into a liquid 3 and gas 4 volume.

The cylinder 2 is equipped with an axisymmetrically located siphon tube 5, which is made of constant cross-section with a diffuser 6 at the end facing the bottom of the cylinder 2, while the pressure switch 12 is installed in the upper part of the cylinder, into which the nozzle 7 for gas injection is mounted, having at the end located in the gas volume of 4 cylinders, check valve 8.

At the outlet of the cylinder 2, a pyrotechnic-type locking and starting device (ZPU) 13 with a pyro cartridge 14 is installed, which is connected hydraulically to the pipeline 9, which directs the gas-liquid flow from the ZPU 13 to the gas-liquid flow atomizer 15.

The atomizer 15 of the gas-liquid flow (FIG. 2) consists of a hollow body 16 made in the form of a sphere on which the inlet 17 and the output throttling element 19 are located, while the body 16 is placed between the pipe 21 and the holder 20, fixing it so that the plane of the inlet 17 of the housing is perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the nozzle and cage. The inner and outer surfaces of the housing 16 are made spherical. The inlet 17 of the housing communicates with the output throttling element through the inner spherical cavity 18 of the housing.

The output throttling element 19 is made in the form of cylindrical throttle holes 22 uniformly located on the spherical surface of the housing 16, the axes of which are located on radial lines connecting the center of the spherical surface of the housing with the center of the hole 22, while the perforation coefficient of the perforated spherical surface of the housing lies in the optimal range of values - 0.5 ÷ 0.8.

To ensure automatic fire extinguishing, the ZPU 13 is electrically connected through a control device 10 to smoke detectors 11. The presence of the required boost module for the pressure of the cylinder 2 is fixed by the pressure indicator 12.

The operation of the fire extinguishing module is as follows.

A fire extinguishing liquid, such as water, is poured into a vertically mounted cylinder 2. Then the cylinder 2 is pressurized with gas, for example nitrogen, through the nozzle 7 to a predetermined pressure of 1 ÷ 3 MPa. The readiness of the fire extinguishing module with atomized liquid is judged by the readings of the pressure switch 12.

If there is a fire in the protected room, the detectors 11 send a signal to the control device 10, which in turn generates an electrical impulse to open the ZPU 13, for example, to detonate the squib 14. Under the action of the differential pressure of the compressed gas in the cylinder 2, the liquid together with the gas through a siphon tube 5 with a diffuser 6 rush, mixing (the water becomes carbonated), to the ZPU 13, and then to the pipe 9 and to the atomizer 15. At any pressure in the cylinder 2, a two-phase mixture with the same gas content is supplied. When flowing through the pipeline 9, the gas-liquid flow changes its structure in horizontal, vertical sections and turns (not shown in the drawing).

The atomizer 15 of the gas-liquid stream operates as follows.

In case of fire, a fire-extinguishing gas-liquid stream enters from the nozzle 21 into the inlet 17 of the housing 16 and then through the internal cavity 18 to the outlet throttling element 19, from which it flows out in the form of a uniform torch with an opening angle of the jet of each of the openings 22. The mixture is uniform in fractions in the form of a droplet or a bubble stream flows through the openings of the atomizer 15 into a protected room (not shown in the drawing). The complete production of gas and liquid from the cylinder 2 is judged by the pressure switch 12. It is possible to manually start the fire extinguishing module with sprayed liquid by mechanical action on the ZPU 13.

The position of the spray torch can be adjusted within the radial angle of rotation of the housing 16. The nozzles are easy to operate, install and change-over and can be used for fire protection of flexible production lines.

Claims (1)

A fire extinguishing module, including a housing, a vertically mounted cylinder with a siphon tube, divided by a liquid level into liquid and gas volumes, and filled with a fire extinguishing liquid under pressure of compressed gas, a pressure signaling device, and a pyrotechnic type locking and starting device connected to the cylinder electrically through a control device with smoke detectors, and hydraulically - with a spray connected to a siphon tube, characterized in that the siphon tube is made of a regular cross section with a diffuser at the end facing the bottom of the cylinder, and a pressure switch is installed in the upper part of the cylinder, into which a gas injection fitting is mounted, which has a non-return valve at the end located in the gas volume of the cylinder, and the atomizer contains a hollow body in the form of a sphere on which the inlet and outlet throttling element are located, wherein the housing is located between the nozzle and the holder, fixing it in such a way that the plane of the housing inlet is perpendicular to the axis of symmetry a nozzle and clips, while the output throttling element is made in the form of cylindrical throttle holes evenly located on the spherical surface of the body, the axes of which are located on radial lines connecting the center of the spherical surface of the body with the center of the hole, while the perforation coefficient of the perforated spherical surface of the body is in optimal the range of values is 0.5 ÷ 0.8.

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