RU2333458C9 - Safety and arming unit of guided munitions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to technical devices for engagement of firing units of munitions with internal power supply and can be used for rotating and non-rotating hollow charge projectiles and missiles, in particular for anti-tank guided missiles. The unit contains an electric detonator for bursting the firing unit and a pyrotechnically controlled double-throw electrocontact used in the system of tactic arming as well as in the system of self-destruction. The simplicity of the unit consisting of the small amount of well worked-out elements also contributes to the increase in reliability and cost reduction of its production.

EFFECT: reliable operation of munition in the normal operation mode, their safety during duty use and on firing.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technical devices for engaging warheads (warheads) of ammunition with an onboard power supply (BIP) and can be used for cumulative shells or missiles, rotating and non-rotating, in particular for anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs).

A device is known according to the patent US 6142080 from 07.11.2000, in which the electrical circuit contains an on-board power source, a resistor, an electric capacitor and an electric detonator (ED). The electric capacitor is charged at the time of the launch of the projectile by a centrifugal contactor, and the electric capacitor is discharged to the electric detonator when the discharge circuit is closed by the same centrifugal contactor after the action of the centrifugal force when meeting with the target or with the ground. At the same time, the electric detonator triggers the firing type detonator capsule, which detonates the warhead both in the normal mode and in the self-liquidation mode. The specified device can only be used in shells having a rotation of more than 20 revolutions per second, in non-rotating shells or shells rotating with a small angular velocity, the device cannot be used.

A device is known according to the patent US 6244184 from 06/12/2001, containing an electric capacitor that is charged from an external power source through a resistor, diode and SIDAK - an electronic device that prevents accidental supply of an electric voltage below a certain value, for example below 30 V. flaps) is provided by pulling out checks using axial or centrifugal forces when firing. The capacitor is connected to the ED through a thyristor controlled by a digital microcircuit. The microcircuit issues a command to the thyristor at the moment of impact when meeting with the target, while the ED is triggered and the warhead undermines. In the event that the ED did not occur (for example, during a miss), then after a certain time, counted by the microcircuit, the latter issues a command to trigger the ED, thereby ensuring the self-destruction of the warhead. The electronic devices used in the considered technical solution are complex and do not fully meet the safety requirements in official handling, when firing and in flight, before the long-cocking time has elapsed (requirements for malfunctioning on light obstacles, bushes, steel grids, plywood, etc.) .

When analyzing the prior art, no analogues were identified whose set of features would be close enough to the set of essential features of the claimed device, therefore, its essential features are not divided into known and new ones.

The problem solved by the invention is to achieve reliable operation of ammunition in normal mode and ensure their safety in official handling and during firing, while the design of the PIM should be simple and consist of a small number of well-developed elements. The essential features of PIM are: the presence of an electric detonator to detonate warhead ammunition and a pyrotechnically controlled changeover electrical contact involved in the combat cocking system and in the self-destruction system. An essential feature of the PIM combat cocking system is: the presence of an inertial contactor, an electric igniter, a resistor, an electric capacitor and a damper with a pyrotechnic delay in its movement. An essential feature of the PIM self-destruction system is the presence of an electrical contact, which closes the electric detonator circuit to a charged electro-capacitor after the self-destruction time specified by pyrotechnics. Causal relationships between the essential features of the claimed invention and the mechanism for obtaining a technical result are described in the section "implementation of the invention".

Figure 1 shows a wiring diagram explaining the operation of the ammunition, while the elements physically located in the PIM are circled by a dotted line. Figure 2 shows the design of the PIM in axial section along the stoppers holding the ends of the springs (electrical contacts), figure 3 shows the location of the elements on the sleeve PIM when viewed from above, figure 4 is a bottom view of the pyrotechnics, figure 5 is a section on the stopper of the damper, Fig.6 is a section along the retainer of the damper. The following abbreviations are used in the text of the description: PIM - safety-executive mechanism; Warhead - warhead; BIP - on-board power supply; ATGM - anti-tank guided missile; ED - electric detonator; EV is an electric igniter.

On board the ammunition are located (Fig. 1) BIP 1, contactor 2 and head contacts 3. Actually, the PIM includes an inertial contactor 4, an electric igniter 5, an electric detonator 6, an electric capacitor 7, a changeover electrical contact 8, an electric self-liquidation contact 9 and a resistor 10. The PIM elements are structurally mounted (figure 2) in the sleeve 11 and enclosed in a housing 12 with a cover 13, a rubber sealing ring 14 and an insulating getinaksovy gasket 15 having a Central hole 16. In the unbroken position, the transmission path of the fire pulse is closed for Lonkila 17, opening 18 therein after charging valve is installed in alignment with the ED 6 position. The function of the changeover contact 8 (Fig. 1) in the combat cocking system is performed by the free end of the torsion spring 19 (Fig. 2), which in official circulation is held by the stopper 20 (Fig. 3) and pressed to contact 21, and after lowering the stopper, it is thrown and pushed to the contact 22. Similarly, the free end of the torsion spring 23 performs the function of the electrical contact 9 of the self-liquidation system, it is held by the stopper 24, and after lowering the latter rests on the contact 25. The shutter 17 is in the uninvolved position (in service) by the stopper 26 (f g. 5), which relies on the pyrotechnic composition 27. The stops 20 and 24 are based on the compositions 28 and after they burn out they are lowered by the action of the springs 29. The compositions 28 (Fig. 2) under each of the stoppers 20 and 24 are sequentially ignited from the pyrotechnic track 30 (figure 4), which is pressed into the ring 31. The time the track burns out completely is included in the time of self-liquidation. The composition 27 (figure 5) under the stopper 26 of the pyrotechnic moderator of the combat cocking system at its very beginning is ignited by an electric igniter 5 (figures 1, 4). Cloth strip 32 (figure 2) is pressed by the ring 31 to the bottom of the housing 12, preventing the passage of fire on the surface of the pressing ring. The spring 33 (Fig. 3) is designed to move the damper 17 to the firing position, and to hold the damper in the cocked position, the latch 34 (Fig. 6) with the spring 35 is designed. The supply of electrical impulses for the actuation of the combat cocking system, charging the electrocapacitor 7 and actuation PIM is carried out through terminals 36 (figure 3). Short circuit of electric wires between each other is excluded, because insulating tubes of material are put on the wires, which do not lose their insulating properties at temperatures up to 300 ° C, which is much lower than the temperature that occurs when the electric igniter 5 is triggered and when pyrotechnic compositions are burned. This, in turn, eliminates the need for the PIM diode to be inserted into the electric circuit, which can significantly reduce the reliability of operation and complicate the design of the PIM.

PIM works as follows. After the ammunition is started, the contactor 2 (Fig. 1) is activated and the voltage from the BIP 1 is applied to the PIM (via terminals 36, Fig. 3). When overloads of a certain value are reached after the start, the contacts of the inertial contactor 4 (Fig. 1) are closed and EM 5 is triggered which, setting fire to pyrotechnic compositions, starts all the mechanisms associated with them. The triggering of ED 6 cannot yet occur, because the changeover electrical contact 8 has not yet connected the BIP 1 to the electrocapacitor 7 and, even if the last one had some external charge and the head contacts 3 were closed at the time of start-up or closed before the time of the long-range charging (emergency situations), then this charge will be removed along the shunt circuit through a non-crossed electrical contact 8. After the pyrotechnic composition burns out under the stopper 20 (Fig. 2), the latter will lower under the action of the spring 29, the end of the torsion spring 19 will be transferred from the contact 21 (Fig. 3) to the contact 22. the electric shunt with ED 6 (Fig. 1) is connected and the BIP 1 is connected to the electrocapacitor 7, which will begin to charge through the resistor 10. The parameters of the resistor 10 are selected so that if at the moment of switching the electrical contact 8 the head contacts 3 turn out to be closed (emergency situation), then it will not cause ED 6 to operate directly from BIP 1, because the charging current of the capacitor is less than the operating current of the ED 6 and therefore is safe, but at the same time, the resistance of the resistor 10 will not prevent the gradual accumulation of charge on the electrocapacitor 7. After a time sufficient to remove the ammunition to a safe distance, after the composition burns out under the stopper 26 (Fig. .3, 5) it will lower and release the shutter 17, which will move under the action of the spring 33 into the combat position and will be fixed there by the latch 34 (Fig.6). When meeting with the goal of closing the head contacts 3 (Fig. 1), the electrocapacitor 7 is discharged to the ED 6, the latter will work and undermine the ammunition. Reliability of operation is ensured even if by this time the BIP 1 is discharged or destroyed (emergency situation). After the time of self-destruction after the pyrotechnic composition burns out under the stopper 24 (Fig. 2), it will fall under the action of the spring 29 (Fig. 2), releasing the end of the torsion spring 23, which, when turned around, will close the electrical contact 9 (Figs. 1, 3). The capacitor 7 is discharged to ED 6 and will cause self-destruction of the ammunition, if it had not previously worked in normal mode when meeting with a target. In addition to previously considered emergency situations, PIM is designed to neutralize the following deviations. If the head contacts 3 turn out to be accidentally closed before or at the start of the start, the charging of the electric capacitor 7 will not occur, since after the changeover of the electrical contact 8, the electric capacitor 7 will be bridged through the contacts 3 and through the ED 6. This completely eliminates the munition on the trajectory, and unexploded ordnance after falling on the ground will be safe for subsequent destruction. In the event that for some reason the ammunition does not occur when meeting the target or its self-destruction, after 0.5-1 minutes the BIP 1 will completely discharge, and after 2-3 minutes the electrocapacitor 7 (it will be discharged through the slag of the burnt pyrotechnic compositions long-range cocking and self-destruction systems). Ammunition in this case will not be dangerous for transportation for the purpose of its subsequent destruction.

In the claimed device, the technical result in terms of reliability and safety is also achieved through the use of well-developed elements: electrical contacts with pyrotechnic compositions, an electric capacitor, a resistor, EV, ED, moving mechanical parts with a small number of these elements (due to the simplicity of the design).

Claims (3)

1. The safety-executive mechanism of guided ammunition with an on-board power supply connected with a time delay after launch, characterized in that it contains an electric detonator for detonating the warhead and a changeover contact made with the ability to control a pyrotechnic moderator and installed in the combat cocking system and in the system self-destruction. 2. The safety-executive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the combat cocking system contains an inertial contactor, an electric igniter, a resistor, an electric capacitor and a shutter made with a delay of its cocking by a pyrotechnic moderator. 3. The safety-actuating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-liquidation system comprises an electrical contact closing the electric detonator circuit to a charged electric capacitor after the self-liquidation time specified by the pyrotechnic moderator.

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