RU2331816C1 - Fireplace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: fireplace includes vessel in the bottom of which is located ashpit with slope and box-type receptacle of ash, fire bars, furnace and chimney with smoke-pass round screen. At the top of fireplace vessel above the furnace it is located domelike partition of draught stabilisation, at the top of which under chimney is fastened bevelled tubular jet. On jet bevel is located plate-holder with bimetallic thermostat, executed thus that being heated it unbends and blocks jet output cross-section, reduces fuel gas flow and outfitted by rod adjusting screw. Draught stabilisation partition creates at the top of fireplace vessel heat exchange chamber. Under the draught stabilization partition is lean mounted gas-moving partition. Lengthways of gas-moving partition root line to the front side part of vessel slots of auxiliary air feeding forms. In draught stabilisation partition over the gas-moving partition lengthways contiguity line to vessel sidewall are located holes for gas direction control. To the front lower edge of draught stabilisation partition is vertically fastened burn up chamber partition with arched top edge which forms burn up chamber. Inside the burn up chamber on the vessel is hinged secondary air valve with two set pin outfitted by screws in boards, which blocks chain of openings for secondary air feeding made in vessels. In heat-exchange chamber are located two thermo draughts, fixed by one end to the top part of vessel, and by other end - to the set pins of valve which open holes of secondary air feeding being heated.

EFFECT: improving of thermal effectiveness and fuel efficiency of fireplace with simultaneous reducing of fire hazard.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The fireplace refers to solid fuel stoves, designed to heat rooms and create comfortable conditions.

The well-known designs of fireplaces (V. Kolevatov “Stoves and fireplaces.” St. Petersburg: Diamant LLC, Zolotoy Vek LLC, 1996) have a firebox with an ash pan and simple traction stabilization systems as the main functional units (see , for example, Madoyan A.A. RU No. 2130567, F24B 1/185) in an exhaust gas output device.

A disadvantage of known fireplaces is their low thermal efficiency, due to the non-optimal distribution of flue gas streams, uneven heating of the heat exchange areas of the fireplace body, incomplete combustion of fuel, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of burnt fuel and planting chimneys.

In the designs of many fireplaces (see, for example, Oleshkov A.Ya. RU No. 2082064, F24B 1/18), containing a casing with a firebox and an ash pan with a continuous vault and a vertical chimney, additional designs are not provided to reduce the passage of flue gases. Therefore, due to the high speed of passage of the flue gases in the chimneys, the small contact area with the heat exchange areas of the fireplace body and the short heat exchange time, the thermal efficiency of the above structures is significantly reduced, which increases fuel consumption and increases the room warm-up time to the desired temperature.

Another drawback of these designs is their fire hazard, due to the fact that due to strong draft in a vertical chimney, unburned fuel is burned much higher than the heating device in the floor, which requires additional costs for thermal insulation.

Known fireplace stove (RU 35870 U1, F24B 1/18, 02/10/2004), which consists of a firebox with a door equipped with blinds. There is no ash pan and grate in the design. The lower flat ceiling wall of the furnace is equipped with a slit hole overlapping by a shutter. The body is made with double side and ceiling walls, to create a passage of flue gases. Secondary air is supplied through tubes (10). In the upper front part there is a slot hole and tubes in the form of an ejector. The entire design of the furnace is placed in a casing with shutters in the lower part.

A small opening and a large depth of the furnace do not allow to call this device a fireplace. The absence of an ashpit and grate aggravates the combustion process, complicates the use of the furnace. The flat vault of the furnace contributes to the release of furnace and carbon monoxide into the heated room, so you cannot use the fireplace with the furnace door open. In the fireplace 2 above the furnace, the inclined partitions form a funnel for collecting flue gases, which improves the passage of the upward flow of gases to the nozzle.

The function of the slit hole in the lower ceiling wall and the ejector tubes is not unique. When the furnace is heated, flue gases pass through the lateral inter-wall channels and are reflected from cold ejector tubes, enter the furnace and worsen the combustion process. In the operating mode, the flue gases enter the furnace through the slit hole and are forced into the heated room by jets of cold air from the ejectors. Ejectors duplicate the function of the shutters of the furnace door.

The creation of a double-walled case with gas ducts eliminates the furnace body from the heat exchange process. The presence of a casing in which the furnace is placed performs the function of a thermos, i.e. heat exchange with a heated room is not possible.

This design of the furnace is not economically feasible, since it leads to a three-fold increase in metal consumption (relative to the size of the furnace) and eliminates the main task of the furnace - heating the room.

A well-known fireplace, the construction of which uses a smoke tooth (Sosnin Yu.P. et al. "Household stoves, fireplaces and water heaters", Moscow, Stroyizdat, 1984, p. 12, 14, 15, 17, Fig. 8.17). A smoke tooth is attached to the upper ceiling wall of the fireplace body for distribution of flue gases, which increases the path of flue gases, the time and area of heat transfer. In the fireplace 121, a chimney screen is used, which is part of the chimney, and is located in the heat exchange chamber.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the thermal efficiency and fuel efficiency of the fireplace while reducing fire hazard.

Achievable technical results - reducing the time of heating the room, increasing the fuel economy of the fireplace, simplifying use and fire safety, creating more comfortable conditions for the user.

The objective of the invention is solved due to the fact that the fireplace includes a housing, in the lower part of which there is an ashpit with slopes and a box-shaped ash collector, grates, a furnace and a chimney with a chimney screen. In the upper part of the fireplace body above the firebox there is a domed partition for stabilizing the draft, in the upper part of which, under the chimney, a tubular nozzle with a bevel is fixed, a holder plate with a bimetallic thermostat is located on the bevel of the nozzle so that it unbends and overlaps when heated the outlet cross section of the nozzle, reduces the flow of flue gases, and the adjusting screw. The draft stabilization partition forms a heat exchange chamber in the upper part of the fireplace body. Under the draft stabilization wall, a gas duct is installed obliquely. Along the lower line of abutment of the gas duct to the front of the housing, slotted openings for the supply of secondary air are formed. In the draft stabilization baffle above the flue baffle, gas distribution holes are located along the line of contact with the side walls of the housing. To the front lower edge of the draft stabilization partition, a vertical partition of the afterburning chamber with an arcuate upper edge is fastened, forming a afterburner. Inside the afterburning chamber, the secondary air supply valve with two adjusting pins with nuts at the edges, overlapping a number of secondary air supply openings made in the housing, is pivotally fixed to the housing. In the heat exchange chamber there are two thermowells, one end fixed to the upper part of the body, and the other to the adjusting studs of the valve, which open the secondary air supply openings when heated.

In addition, the heat rod is made of heat-resistant alloy steel, has a U-shaped profile.

In addition, a fire shield is installed above the firebox.

In addition, the chimney screen is part of the chimney and is located in the heat exchange chamber.

In addition, two burners are installed on the upper horizontal part of the fireplace body.

The drawing shows a side section of the fireplace.

The fireplace is made of sheet steel, structural elements are fixed by electric arc welding.

The fireplace consists of: a firebox (1), grates (2), an ash box (3), slopes (4), a draft stabilization partition (5), a tubular nozzle (6), a bimetallic thermostat (7), an adjustment screw (8), a plate holder (25), gas duct (9), slotted holes (10), afterburner chamber baffle (11), thermowell (12), stud with nut (13), adjusting stud with nuts (14), valve hinge (15) , secondary air supply valve (16), a number of secondary air supply openings (17), a chimney screen (18), a chimney (19), a protective screen (20), gas distribution holes (21), heat exchange chamber (22), dozhigovaya chamber (23), the housing (24), the burner (26).

When the fireplace is kindled, warm flue gases rise up and collect under the draft stabilization partition (5), part of the flue gases passes through the pipe nozzle (6) into the chimney (19) and excites a stable draft. The draft force in the chimney (19) depends on the temperature of the flue gases passing through the tube nozzle (6). A nozzle in the form of a pipe allows more efficient formation of a directed stream of hot flue gases into the chimney (19). The upper part of the nozzle has a bevel on which a holder plate (25) with a bimetallic thermostat (7) is fixed. The nozzle cross section is adjusted with the adjusting screw (8). When heated, the thermostat unbends and closes the outlet cross section of the nozzle, reduces the flow of flue gases, reduces draft in the chimney, loss of thermal energy, overheating of the chimney, which ensures fire safety.

The main flue gas stream rushes through the gas duct between the gas duct (9) and the draft stabilization wall (5).

In the afterburner chamber (23), formed by the partition of the Hi afterburner chamber, the main flow of flue gases changes the direction of motion, quenching speed, and is enriched with secondary air through the slotted secondary air supply holes (10), which are located along the lower junction line of the gas duct (9) to front of the fireplace. The upper edge of the partition of the afterburning chamber (11) has an arcuate shape, which contributes to the distribution of flue gases over the entire width of the heat exchange chamber (22). The gas flow distribution holes (21) are located above the gas duct along the line of abutment of the draft stabilization partition (5) to the fireplace body (24), distribute the gas flow over the entire width of the gas channel, warm the vertical side sections of the fireplace body, spread the flue gas stream across the entire width heat exchange chambers (22). This technical solution allows you to create fireplaces with an arched front panel, corner fireplaces with a minimum depth of the furnace, a large opening - an observation window.

From the afterburning chamber (23), the gas flow rushes into the heat exchange chamber (22). Since the volume of the heat exchange chamber (22) is much larger than the volume of the afterburner (23), the flow rate of the flue gases decreases and the contact time of the flue gases with the heat transfer areas in the upper part of the fireplace body increases.

In the heat exchange chamber (22) there are two thermowells (12) having a U-shaped profile made of heat-resistant alloy steel. One end of the heat rod is fixed to the fireplace body with a stud with a nut (13), the other end is attached to the adjusting stud (14). When heating the thermowind, due to thermal linear expansion, its length increases and the thrust presses on the adjusting pin (14), which is a different-arm lever, rigidly fixed to the secondary air supply valve (16). The valve is attached to the fireplace body by means of a hinge (16) and is able to deviate, opening a number of secondary air supply openings (17), which ensures complete burnout of soot carbon. This technical solution allows the use, in the form of fuel, of coniferous wood. At the maximum deviation from the vertical, the valve reduces the flow area of the afterburner (23), directing the main gas flow along a longer path through the angular sectors of the heat exchange chamber.

When the fireplace is heated, the smoke screen (18) prevents the displacement of hot flue gases passing through the nozzle (6) with cooler flue gases from the heat exchange chamber (22), which creates a stable draft in the chimney (19). The smoke screen (18) is part of the chimney (19) and is located in the heat exchange chamber (22).

The slit openings for secondary air supply (10) can be used to clean the combustion products (23) from the afterburner.

Two burners (26) for cooking are installed on the upper horizontal part of the fireplace body. Removing them, we get access to maintenance and adjustment of thermowells (12) and a bimetallic thermostat (7).

A fire shield (20) is installed above the firebox for user safety, as the fireplace body in the area of the afterburner (23) is heated when used to a high temperature.

Claims (5)

1. Fireplace, comprising a housing, in the lower part of which there is an ashpit with slopes and a box-shaped ash collector, grates, a furnace and a chimney with a smoke exhaust screen, characterized in that in the upper part of the fireplace body above the furnace there is a domed draft stabilization partition, in the upper part which, under the chimney, a tubular nozzle with a bevel is fixed, on the bevel of the nozzle there is a holder plate with a bimetallic thermostat, made in such a way that when it is heated, it unbends and overlaps the outlet section a nozzle reduces the flow of flue gases, and with the adjusting screw, the draft stabilization partition forms a heat exchange chamber in the upper part of the fireplace body, a gas duct is installed obliquely under the draft stabilization partition, slotted secondary air supply openings form along the lower line of the gas duct to the front of the body , gas distribution holes are located in the draft stabilization baffle above the gas baffle along the line of contact with the side walls of the housing a) to the front lower edge of the draft stabilization partition, a vertical partition of the afterburner with an arcuate upper edge is fastened, forming a afterburner, inside the afterburner, a secondary air supply valve with two adjusting pins with nuts at the edges is pivotally fixed, blocking a number of secondary air supply openings, made in the housing, in the heat exchange chamber there are two thermowells, one end fixed to the upper part of the housing, the other to the adjusting studs of the valve, opening the aperture of the secondary air supply when heated. 2. The fireplace according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat rod is made of heat-resistant alloy steel, has a p-shaped profile. 3. The fireplace according to claim 1, characterized in that a protective screen is installed above the firebox. 4. The fireplace according to claim 1, characterized in that the chimney screen is part of the chimney and is located in the heat exchange chamber. 5. The fireplace according to claim 1, characterized in that two burners are installed on the upper horizontal part of the fireplace body.