RU23968U1 - OPTICAL SIGHT FOR THE RUNNING WEAPON - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An optical sight for small arms, consisting of a housing with an aiming window, an optical collimator unit located in the aiming window, an apparatus for forming an aiming mark with a protective window and a brightness adjustment unit, a power source, a reconciliation unit located in the case, and a mount a weapon sight, characterized in that a two-segment LED emitter is used as the light source of the device for forming the aiming mark, the segments of which serve as the aiming scale, and The thermal coating is applied to the convex surface of a plano-convex lens of the optical collimator assembly and is made in the form of a multilayer interference coating of alternating layers with high and low refractive indices of equal optical thickness corresponding to a quarter of the wavelength of the maximum reflection and an additional layer with an optical thickness equal to one eighth the wavelength of maximum reflection, and the wavelength of the maximum reflection is equal to the wavelength of the maximum spectral density of the radiation of the LED Nogo emitter, the refractive indices alternating layers selected such that the band width of the reflection spectrum at half maximum reflection does not exceed 115 nm.2. Sight according to claim 1, characterized in that an anti-reflective hood is mounted on the aiming window.

Description

Riflescope for small arms

The utility model relates to optical sights for small arms for firing in the daytime, at dusk and under the moon.

Known telescopic sights, in which the reticle is placed in the focal plane of the lens, forming the image of the target.

The disadvantage of such sights is their complexity and the fact that they are adapted to one type of weapon. In this case, difficulties arise when aiming, since the shooter must aim with one eye, which requires a lot of time to align the mark on the target and makes it impossible to keep the target in sight for a long time, especially when shooting at moving targets. When the shooter moves the eye perpendicular to the axis of sight of this device, the aiming mark is shifted relative to the target and thereby makes it difficult to hit the target point. In some devices, it is not possible to manually adjust the brightness of the aiming mark and, when the target is in bright sunlight or twilight, a halo forms around the aiming mark, which makes the target invisible.

Another type of sights are sights with beam splitting (US patents No. 3.942.901, No. 4.402.605, No. 4.665.662, No. 4.858.058, No. 5.090.805 and No. 5.205.044, RF patents No. 2054855 and No. 2112197).

The closest among the sights to the proposed optical sight is the optical sight for small arms, described in US patent No. 4.665.622, NKI 33-241, 05.12.87, the Optical sighting device, selected as a prototype, is constantly installed on the barrel of the rifle M -16 used in the USA. The device is located on the rifle barrel in its rear part and has a hollow body with an aiming window through which the shooter can see the target area. The aiming window has a relatively large cross-sectional area and is mounted in front of the housing. The shooter clearly sees the target through this window, having a large angle of view, and may not close his second eye. In the sighting window

MKI: F41G 1/32

an assembly of lenses of flat-convex and flat-concave is inserted, between which a concave translucent silver-plated surface is inserted. The main optical axis of the optical assembly is an acute angle with the aiming axis of the device so that the focal point of the mirror is located below the aiming axis. The aiming mark is created by a small-sized light source located inside the case on the opposite window of the aiming end of the case in the focal plane of the optical unit. The light from the light source is directed through a hole in the wall of the casing to a mirror surface with 50% reflection, from where 50% of the light is reflected back along the line of sight in the arrow of the arrow so that it perceives the image of the luminous point on the target. The light source is powered by a battery located in the sight housing. In addition, there is a switch for connecting the light source to the battery. Matching the sight with the weapon (alignment) and introducing the aiming angle is carried out by moving the light source, which creates a luminous aiming mark in the focal plane of the optical unit, using a manual mechanical device located in the back of the sight housing, with control handles brought out of the housing. The sight has a device for regulating the brightness of the glow of the reticle depending on the ambient light. The device is located in the housing and includes a photocell that faces the hole in the front of the sight housing. The hole is closed by a lid equipped with a diaphragm, with the help of which the brightness of the glow of the reticle is changed at a given illumination of the target.

The disadvantage of this sight, reducing the scope of its application, is the small (less than 50%) optical bandwidth, which does not allow working in a wide range of natural illumination (from bright sun to twilight light under the moon), the large size of the sighting mark (point) and, accordingly, insufficient accuracy of aiming, as well as target marking at long ranges. The spectral characteristic of the transmission and absorption of light by a silver mirror is shown by the solid curve in FIG. 1, where the wavelength is plotted along the X axis and the transmittance is shown along the Y axis, the width of the strip shown in the curve is the absorption coefficient. The dashed curve indicates the eye visibility curve.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the throughput of optics to provide the ability to work with the sight in a wide range of natural light (from bright sun to twilight light under the moon), reduce the size of the aiming mark and, accordingly, increase the accuracy of shooting.

This is achieved by the fact that in the optical sight for small arms, consisting of a body with an aiming window, an optical collimator unit located in the aiming window, an apparatus for forming an aiming mark with a protective window and a brightness adjustment unit, a power source, a reconciliation unit located in the case , and the mount for the sighting to the weapon, an LED emitter is selected as the light source of the device for forming the aiming mark, and the mirror coating applied to the convex surface is flat-convex th lens of the optical collimator unit, made in the form of a multilayer interference coating of alternating layers with high and low refractive indices of equal optical thickness corresponding to a quarter of the wavelength of the maximum reflection, as well as an additional layer with an optical thickness equal to one eighth of the wavelength of maximum reflection, and the wavelength the reflection maximum is equal to the wavelength of the maximum spectral density of the radiation of the LED emitter, the value of the refractive indices alternating with loevs are selected so that the width of the reflection spectrum band at the level of half the maximum reflection does not exceed 115 nm, and the protective window is made of red glass. In addition, an anti-glare hood is mounted on the aiming window. The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

FIG. 2 - General view of the sight (side view);

FIG. 3 - Top view;

FIG. 4 - Section AA in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 - Spectral characteristic of light transmission by an optical collimator unit — solid curve; eye visibility curve is dashed;

FIG. 6 - Image of the reticle on the LED emitter;

In Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 shows an aiming device consisting of a relatively long body 1 with a very short sighting window 2, which protrudes in the front of the body, an optical collimator unit located in the aiming window, of the device for forming an aiming mark with a protective window 3 and a brightness adjustment unit 4, a power supply 5, a reconciliation unit 6 located in the housing, a mounting unit 7 of the weapon sight and anti-glare hood 8.

The aiming window 2 (FIG. 2, FIG. 4) is made in the form of a holder, which is fixed in front of the housing 1 so that the optical axis D of the optical collimator unit located in the holder makes an acute angle with the aiming axis of device K.

The optical collimator unit is a frame 10 with an assembly of lenses: flat-concave 11 and flat-convex 12 (figure 4). A multilayer interference coating 13 of alternating layers with high PV and low n refractive indices of equal optical thickness corresponding to a quarter of the wavelength of the reflection maximum Yao, as well as an additional layer with an optical thickness equal to one eighth of the wavelength AO, is deposited on the convex surface of the plano-convex lens 12. moreover, the wavelength of the maximum reflection A "is equal to the wavelength of the maximum spectral density of the radiation of the LED emitter 14. The values of the refractive indices of the alternating layers are selected in accordance with the functional dependence indicated in the book “Interference coatings, author T. Krylova, publishing house“ Mashinostroenie, 1973, p. 71, so that the width of the reflection spectrum band at the level of half the reflection maximum was no more than 115 nm.

In general, this multilayer interference coating is a narrow-band reflective filter with an integrated transmittance in the visible (400-760 m) region of light of at least 60%, with a maximum reflection of at least SO% at the wavelength emitted by the LED emitter, and the bandwidth at half of the reflection maximum is not more than 115 nm, with the height of side maxima from the side of the short-wave region is not more than 12% of the main maximum. An exemplary spectral characteristic of the transmission of light through an optical collimator unit is shown by the solid curve in FIG. 5, where the length is plotted on the x-axis

waves, and on the Y axis - the transmittance of light. The dashed curve indicates the eye visibility curve.

The device for forming an aiming mark is located in the back of the housing and consists of a light source made in the form of a two-segment LED emitter 14 (Fig. 4), installed in the region of the focal point of the collimator optical unit forming a point and peak pattern (Fig. 6), and reconciliation 6 fixed to the assembly, and a protective window 3 made of red glass (Fig. 4).

The dot mark is used when shooting and shooting from the minimum range to the range of a direct shot. The peak mark is used when firing at maximum range.

Protective red glass 3 is a light filter that transmits at least 80% of the light flux coming from the LED emitter, having a maximum negative deviation of the maximum radiation of the LED from the nominal value and absorbing the incident solar light flux in order to avoid glare from the front surface of the emitting LED (Fig. 7), where the wavelength is plotted along the X axis, the transmittance T and radiation density R.

The unit 4 for adjusting the brightness of the glow of the reticle and the power supply 5 are located in the inner chambers of the housing. In the front camera there is a chip 15 of the brightness control unit 4 of the glow of the reticle with an integrated photodetector 16 and load resistors 17. A single-lens lens 18 is installed in the outer hole of this camera, in the focal plane of which there is a photodetector 16.

In the middle chamber there is a mode switch of the block 19 for regulating the brightness of the glow of the reticle (Fig. 3, Fig. 4).

In the rear chamber is a power source 5 of two batteries (Fig. 4). On top of the battery compartment is closed by a cover 20 with a lever latch 21 (Fig. 3).

The reconciliation unit 8 is designed to coordinate the sight with the weapon (reconciliation) during its targeting by vertical and horizontal movement in the focal plane of the optical collimator unit of the LED emitter 14 using the control knobs 22 brought out of the housing outward (Fig. 3).

Lens hood 10 (Fig. 2), consisting of a conical sleeve fixed in the mounting ring with a bayonet connection "and, has a spring-loaded latch 23 and is mounted on the front surface of the aiming window 2, where the counterpart of the bayonet connection" and and the socket of the latch 24 are located.

Sighting optical device operates as follows.

The shooter holds the weapon so that he can look through the aiming window 2 along the aiming axis K (Fig. 8) and combines a luminous aiming mark (point or spike depending on range) (Fig. 6) with a certain point on the target. The brand brightness control unit automatically adjusts the brand brightness to the background light in the target area, providing the required contrast between the brand and the target. The image of the aiming mark is located in the target plane and is formed by a two-segment LED emitter 14 (Fig. 8), the rays of which, reflected from the plano-convex lens 12, enter the eye of the arrow with a parallel beam, simulating the aiming mark on the target (Fig. 8).

1. An optical sight for small arms, consisting of a housing with an aiming window, an optical collimator unit located in the aiming window, an apparatus for forming an aiming mark with a protective window and a brightness adjustment unit, a power source, a reconciliation unit located in the case, and an attachment unit a weapon sight, characterized in that a two-segment LED emitter is used as the light source of the device for forming the aiming mark, the segments of which serve as the aiming scale, and The thermal coating is applied to the convex surface of a plano-convex lens of the optical collimator assembly and is made in the form of a multilayer interference coating of alternating layers with high and low refractive indices of equal optical thickness corresponding to a quarter of the wavelength of the maximum reflection and an additional layer with an optical thickness equal to one eighth wavelength of maximum reflection, and the wavelength of maximum reflection is equal to the wavelength of the maximum spectral density of radiation of the LED of a different emitter, the values of the refractive indices of alternating layers are chosen so that the width of the reflection spectrum band at half the maximum reflection does not exceed 115 im.

2. The sight according to claim 1, characterized in that an anti-reflective hood is installed on the aiming window.

Formula

FIG. 1

Optical sight for small arms.

General view of the sight (side view)

Claims (2)

1. An optical sight for small arms, consisting of a housing with an aiming window, an optical collimator unit located in the aiming window, an apparatus for forming an aiming mark with a protective window and a brightness adjustment unit, a power source, a reconciliation unit located in the case, and a mount a weapon sight, characterized in that a two-segment LED emitter is used as the light source of the device for forming the aiming mark, the segments of which serve as the aiming scale, and The thermal coating is applied to the convex surface of a plano-convex lens of the optical collimator assembly and is made in the form of a multilayer interference coating of alternating layers with high and low refractive indices of equal optical thickness corresponding to a quarter of the wavelength of the maximum reflection and an additional layer with an optical thickness equal to one eighth the wavelength of maximum reflection, and the wavelength of the maximum reflection is equal to the wavelength of the maximum spectral density of the radiation of the LED Nogo emitter refractive indices of the alternating layers selected such that the band width of the reflection spectrum of the reflection at half maximum does not exceed 115 nm. 2. The sight according to claim 1, characterized in that an anti-reflective hood is mounted on the aiming window.