RU2393080C1 - Puller of ring gasket from pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to manual devices and is designed for assembly and repair operations. The puller of the ring gasket from a pipe with thread consists of a case with a cavity and thread for mutual screwing it with the pipe, of a load-bearing component, of a gripping component performing axial travels and of a component deforming the ring gasket. The case and the pipe are made with threads for mutual screwing. The load-bearing component has a collar contacting end surface of the case; it also has a cylinder shank end with a nut passing through the cavity of the case and rotating in the latter. The nut fixes the load-bearing component from overturning relative to the case when it is screwed with the pipe during gasket deformation. The component deforming the gasket is made solid with the load-bearing component and has crossing internal conic and external cylinder surfaces forming a dent with an acute edge directed to a gasket side. The gripping component is connected with the load-bearing component by means of a split connection and is made as a stepped shaft with diametre of the biggest step containing working surface, facing the dent commeasurable with internal diametre of the gasket.

EFFECT: increased reliability of puller operation, increased service life of pipe and puller, simplification of puller design and procedure of gasket extracting, reduced expenditures for fabrication.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for installation and repair work using an annular gasket and can be used in the maintenance of gas pipelines or pipelines transporting a liquid medium (for example, water) associated with the dismantling of nodes or products with deformation.

A device is known for pressing in and extracting glands (USSR author's certificate No. 1227453 of 07.25.83, published on 04.30.86), comprising a housing covering it and a sleeve mounted on it with the possibility of axial movement. The device is equipped with a handle pivotally mounted on the sleeve, one end of a rod connected to it, rigidly connected to the other end of the latter and placed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing, coaxial with a fork with a removable grip made in the form of a pair of rods placed between each other at an obtuse angle with jagged pointed ends, and the body is made of two articulated cavities.

The disadvantages of this device is the design complexity, leading to higher cost and lower reliability, as well as such a design of elements that are not intended to extract solid (eg, copper) gaskets.

The closest analogue to the present invention is a puller (RF patent No. 2081742 from 06.25.91, published 06.20.97), containing a hollow body with radial grooves, connected with it with the possibility of axial movement of the power element having a conical surface, and designed to interact with her pin-hooks placed in radial grooves with the ability to move, the power element is made in the form of a covering punch with an inner conical surface, radial grooves are made at the end of the housing facing incompressible items, hooks, pins are spring loaded relative to the housing in a radial direction, and on their working surfaces are barbs projecting from the grooves of the housing. The punch is spring loaded relative to the housing in the axial direction. The puller is equipped with a gripping element connected to the punch with a working surface facing the working surface of the pin-hooks. The puller is equipped with a thrust placed in the housing cavity, the ends of which are fixed respectively on the gripping element and the punch, and a pin installed in the radial holes made in the punch, housing and thrust and designed to limit the movement of the punch and thrust relative to the housing. The gripping element of the puller is made ring-shaped, and its working surface is gear.

The disadvantage of this device is the large range of parts that, to ensure reliable operation of the puller, must have high manufacturing accuracy and good cleanliness of the mating surfaces. In addition, the shock principle of gasket extraction used in this puller makes it necessary to use expensive high-strength materials in the structure that can withstand high dynamic loads. All this increases the cost of the puller, reduces the manufacturability of the design, reduces the service life. It should also be noted that the shock load produced when the gasket is removed is transferred to the structural elements of the pipe in which the gasket is located, as a result of which they (structural elements) can be deformed and destroyed.

The objective of the claimed device is to remove the pressed gasket from a pipe containing external or internal thread, the most simple and reliable device that provides a low cost of work.

The technical result is to increase the reliability of the puller, increase the life of the pipe and puller, simplify the design of the puller and the methods of removing the gasket, reduce manufacturing costs.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the stripper of the annular gasket from the pipe containing the housing with the cavity, the power element mounted with the possibility of axial movement, the gripping element and the element deforming the annular gasket, the housing and the pipe are threaded for joint make-up, the power element has a contact with the end surface of the housing a collar and passing through the cavity of the housing with the possibility of rotation in it of a cylindrical shank with at least one nut fixing the power element from turning relative to the body when screwing it with the pipe during deformation of the gasket, the element deforming the gasket is made integrally with the power element and has intersecting inner conical and external cylindrical surfaces forming a tooth with a sharp edge directed towards the gasket, while the diameter is sharp the tooth edges are smaller than the outer diameter of the gasket, and the tooth height does not exceed its thickness, the gripping element is connected using a collapsible connection to the power element and is made in the form of steps th greatest shaft diameter steps comprising a working surface facing towards the tooth commensurate with the inner diameter of the gasket.

The outer surface of the body of the puller may contain elements for a wrench.

The nut on the cylindrical shank can be made in the form of a wing nut.

Performing threads on the pipe and the puller body will allow creating a controlled, continuously adjustable effort on the extracted gasket when screwing, which ensures work with minimal loads on the structural elements of the pipe and puller. As a result, the life of the pipe and puller will increase, the cost of their manufacture will decrease.

The presence of the collar of the power element in contact with the end surface of the housing provides the easiest way to transfer force from the housing, when it is screwed onto the pipe, to the tooth of the power element deforming the extracted gasket. A cylindrical shank with a nut passing through the body cavity with the possibility of rotation in it allows to exclude the rotation of the power element relative to the body (and therefore, the tooth relative to the gasket), as a result of which the deformation of the gasket required for its extraction will occur with less effort. Thus, with a sufficiently small number of elements easy to manufacture, high reliability of gasket extraction is achieved, and the extraction procedure is simplified.

The implementation of the element deforming the gasket in one piece with the power element increases the strength and rigidity of the structure, and its shape in the form of a tooth with an internal conical and external cylindrical surfaces, at the intersection of which a sharp edge directed towards the gasket is formed, the diameter of which is smaller than the outer diameter of the gasket, provides with minimal effort the deformation of the gasket with a decrease in its inner diameter to a value smaller than the diameter of the largest step of the gripping element. Smaller than the thickness of the gasket, the height of the tooth eliminates the cutting of the gasket and the deformation of the tooth in the case of applying more than is required to remove the gasket, the effort. Accordingly, the life of the pipe and puller increases, and its reliability.

The connection of the gripping element with the power element is collapsible and the manufacturing of the gripping element in the form of a stepped shaft with the diameter of the largest step containing the working surface facing the tooth side, commensurate with the inner diameter of the gasket, allows you to reliably remove the gasket from the pipe, and then from the puller.

The presence of elements for a wrench on the outer surface of the housing will allow for screwing up the pipe and puller with a standard (and, therefore, relatively cheap) tool.

The execution of the nut on a cylindrical shank in the form of a wing nut will allow the hand to hold the power element from turning when screwing the body with the pipe, which greatly simplifies the method of working with the puller.

So, the implementation of the stripper with the indicated features allows us to simplify the design of the stripper and the procedure for removing the gasket, increase the reliability, increase the life of the pipe and puller, reduce the cost of its manufacture.

Figure 1 shows an example of a specific implementation of the inventive puller for removing gaskets from a pipe with an external thread, in figure 2 - with an internal one. Figure 3 shows the position of the puller after deformation of the removed gasket. In the figures:

1 - housing;

2 - power element;

3 - gripping element;

4 - cylindrical shank;

5 - a nut;

6 - wing nut;

7 - tooth;

8 - working surface of the gripping element;

9 - a lining;

10 - pipe;

11 - shoulder.

As an example of a specific implementation, we can consider a puller that is mounted on a pipe pos. 10 (Fig. 1) with an external metric thread M14 with a copper gasket pos. 9 pressed into it, having the following dimensions: external diameter 9 mm, internal 6 mm, thickness 1.5 mm. The housing pos. 1 of the puller has a threaded part with a metric thread M14 and a surface machined to manipulate with a wrench. In the housing pos. 1, a cavity is made in the form of a cylindrical hole through which a cylindrical shank pos. 4 of the power element pos. 2 passes with a nut pos. 5 and a wing nut pos. 6 screwed on it. Thread MB is made on the shank pos. 4 and nuts pos. 5 and 6. The presence of two nuts pos. 5 and 6 allows you to securely fix the power element pos. 2 from turning relative to the housing pos. 1 while removing the gasket pos. 9. The housing pos.1 is in contact with the power element pos.2 on the surface located on the shoulder of pos.11 of the power element pos.2. The power element pos.2 contains a tooth pos.7 with a diameter of the outer cylindrical surface of 8.5 mm, which is 0.5 mm less than the outer diameter of the copper strip pos.9. The angle of the conical surface of the tooth is 60 °, the height of the tooth is 1 mm, which is 0.5 mm less than the thickness of the copper strip pos.9. The gripping element pos. 3 is screwed through the MZ thread into the power element pos. 2. The diameter of the working surface 8 of the gripping element is 5.9 mm

The puller works as follows. When screwing the body pos. 1 and pipe pos. 10, an axial force is created on the power element pos. 2, as a result of which the tooth pos. 7 is embedded in the gasket pos. 9, deforming it with a decrease in internal diameter (see Fig. 3) to a value smaller than the diameter of the working surface of the gripping element pos.8. It should be noted that when screwing the case pos. 1 with the pipe pos. 10, using the nuts pos. 5 and 6 screwed on the cylindrical shank pos. 4, turning the power element pos. 2 relative to the housing pos. 1 (and therefore the tooth pos. 7 relative to the gasket pos.9), which reduces the force required to deform the gasket. After that, the housing pos.1 is removed from the pipe pos.10, while the gripping element pos 3 tears the gasket pos.9 from the seating surface of the pipe. The gasket together with the puller is removed from the pipe pos.10. Then the gripping element pos. 3 is turned away from the power element pos. 4, the gasket is removed, after which the gripping element pos. 4 is put in place.

The laboratory development work showed that for reliable removal of the gasket by the pullers, with the above parameters, it is enough to apply a moment of about 20 N · m to the body, which allows to maintain the working ability of the pullers and the quality of the seating surface in the pipe for the gasket after more than 100 extraction cycles.

Claims (3)

1. A stripper of an annular gasket from a threaded pipe, comprising a housing with a cavity and a thread for jointly screwing it with the pipe, a power element, a gripping element mounted for axial movement, and an element deforming the annular gasket, characterized in that the power element has a contact with an end surface of the housing, a collar and a cylindrical shaft with at least one nut securing the power element against rotation but the case when screwing it with the pipe during the deformation of the gasket, the element deforming the gasket is made in one piece with the power element and has intersecting inner conical and external cylindrical surfaces forming a tooth with a sharp edge directed towards the gasket, while the diameter of the sharp edge the tooth is smaller than the outer diameter of the gasket, and the height of the tooth does not exceed its thickness, the gripping element is connected using a collapsible connection to the power element and is made in the form of a stepped shaft with a diameter of the largest a higher step containing the working surface facing the tooth side, commensurate with the inner diameter of the gasket. 2. The puller according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing has elements on the external surface of the housing for a wrench. 3. The puller according to claim 1, characterized in that the nut of the cylindrical shank is made in the form of a wing nut.

Images