RU2375157C1 - Plate shearing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to processing of material under pressure and can be used for cutting the plate material. Shearing machine includes a frame with a table and with lower cutter located therein, clamping bar with plate material fixing device rigidly fixed therein and cutting bar with upper cutter rigidly fixed thereon. Cutting bar is installed in the guides of clamping bar with the possibility of back-and-forth movement. Table is provided with vertical planks and a hole between them. Shearing machine is equipped with mechanism for adjusting a horizontal gap between shears during cutting process, which is made in the form of a number of hydraulic cylinders, housing and stock of each of which are hinged to vertical planks of the table, which partially compensates for deflection of lower cutter.

EFFECT: providing constant gap between cutters during the cutting process and keeping high quality of shear surface of plate material.

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Description

The invention relates to the processing of materials by pressure, in particular to devices for cutting sheet metal.

The closest solution to the proposed technical essence are scissors containing a bed on which a table with a knife is fixed, a clamping beam with hydraulic clamps, a knife beam installed in the bed guides, and levers on the axis in the bed, connected through hinges with hydraulic cylinders and through a connecting link with a knife beam, the body of each hydraulic cylinder is pivotally mounted on the knife beam at the horizontal bar at an angle to the direction of the reciprocating movement, providing partial compensation th effort perceived by the guides of the bed in order to increase reliability (RF Patent No. 20055582, B23D 15/14, from 06.27.91).

The disadvantages of these scissors include the low quality of the cut surface of the cut sheet material, due to the lack of a mechanism to maintain a constant gap between the knives during cutting, with insufficient horizontal stiffness of the scissor table and the knife beam, and therefore, these scissors are unsuitable to obtain a high quality of the cut surface .

The basis of the claimed invention was the task of creating such scissors for cutting sheet material, the design of which allows to expand their functionality (by using various metals with different tensile strengths as cut material) while improving the quality of the cut surface of the cut sheet material by making it possible to maintain a gap between the knives when cutting.

The technical result when using the claimed invention is to maintain a constant gap between the knives when cutting.

To achieve the specified technical result in scissors for cutting sheet material containing a bed with a table and with a lower knife located on it, a clamping beam with fixed means for fixing sheet material and a knife beam with a fixed upper knife fixed on it, said knife beam is installed in the guides of the clamping beam with the possibility of reciprocating movement, and the table is made with vertical bars and a hole between them, while the scissors are equipped with a mechanism p adjusting the horizontal gap between the knives during the cutting process, made in the form of a series of hydraulic cylinders, the body and stem of each of which are pivotally connected to the vertical slats of the table, providing partial compensation for the deflection of the lower knife.

The invention is illustrated in graphic materials.

Figure 1 is a kinematic diagram of scissors.

Figure 2 - callout A in figure 1.

Figure 3 - scheme of cutting with automatic installation of the initial value of the gap between the knives.

Figure 4 is a bottom view of the scissors.

5 is a change in the horizontal gap between the knives when cutting without using the mechanism for regulating the horizontal gap between the knives in the cutting process.

6 is a change in the horizontal gap between the knives when cutting using the mechanism for adjusting the horizontal gap between the knives in the cutting process.

Shears for cutting sheet material, containing a bed with a scissor table with a lower knife located on it, a pressure beam with a means for fixing sheet material fixedly fixed on it, a knife beam with an upper knife fixed on it, mounted in the guides of the pressure beam with the possibility of reciprocating movements, equipped with a mechanism for regulating the horizontal clearance between the knives during the cutting process, made in the form of a series of hydraulic cylinders, the body and stock of each of which are articulated They are connected with the scissors table in the place of their contact with the vertical slats, from the condition of partial compensation of the deflection of the lower knife, due to the spacer force perceived by the lower and upper knives, to maintain a constant gap between the knives during the cutting process, for which a hole was made in the scissors table between articulated joints of hydraulic cylinders.

The scissors consist of a bed 1 with a scissor table 2 with a lower knife 3 located on it, a clamp beam 4 with a fixed means for fixing sheet material, a knife beam 5 that is linearly moved in the guides 6 of the clamp beam 4, with a top knife fixed on it 7, the mechanism for regulating the horizontal gap between the knives 3, 7, made in the form of a series of hydraulic cylinders 8, the body and rod of each of which are pivotally connected to the table of scissors 2 at the point of contact with the vertical bars 9, 10, from the condition of frequent to compensate for the deflection of the lower knife 3, due to the spacer force perceived by the lower 3 and upper 7 knives, to maintain a constant gap between the knives 3, 7 during the cutting process, for which a hole 11 was made in the scissor table 2 between the hinged joints of the hydraulic cylinders and the sheets were removed horizontal stiffness 12.

Scissors work as follows.

The sheet 13 is set between the lower knife 3 and the upper knife 7. When the electric drive 14 is turned on, the pressure beam 4 through the lever system 15, 16 is lowered in an arc until it touches the sheet 13, after which it stops, thus automatically setting the initial value of the gap between the knives 3, 7 depending on the thickness of the material being cut. After stopping the clamping beam 4, the hydraulic cylinders 8 act on the lower knife 3, with forces providing partial compensation for the deflection of the lower knife 3, due to the action of the spacer force acting in the horizontal plane when cutting on the lower knife 3 and the upper knife 7, from the condition of a constant gap between the knives 3, 7 during the cutting process, and through the system of levers 15, 16 there is a rectilinear movement of the knife beam 5 in the guides 6 of the pressure beam 4, while the upper knife 7 cuts the sheet 13.

This design of scissors provides high quality cutting surfaces of the cut sheet material.

To verify the possibility of achieving the claimed technical result, the analysis of the stress-strain state of the solid-state computer model of scissors of the invention by the finite element method is carried out.

Claims (1)

Shears for cutting sheet material, containing a bed with a table and with a lower knife located on it, a pressure beam with a means for fixing the sheet material fixed on it and a knife beam with an upper knife fixed on it, characterized in that the knife beam is installed in the pressure guides beams with the possibility of reciprocating movement, and the table is made with vertical bars and a hole between them, while the scissors are equipped with a mechanism for regulating the horizontal gap between ozhami during the cutting process performed by a series of hydraulic cylinders, shell and stem of each of which is pivotally connected to the vertical section bars, with providing a partial compensation of the lower knife flexure.

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