RU2365095C1 - Method of surface irrigation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method includes processing of stripes of the surface of the irrigated area, covering it with synthetic film and water supply into under the film. Simultaneously with covering the stripes of the irrigated area with synthetic film its middle parts are hoed over and lateral parts are compacted. Thereafter water is supplied into under the film.

EFFECT: reduced labor intensity by hoeing of the middle parts at 30% and compacting of the lateral parts of the stripes of the irrigated area.

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Description

The present invention relates to irrigation, and more particularly to surface irrigation methods.

There is a method of furrow irrigation by cutting irrigation furrows and supplying water to them, described in the book: S.F. Averyanova and others. Workshop on agricultural land reclamation. - M .: Kolos. 1970. S. 30-31.

The disadvantage of this method of irrigation is the loss due to evaporation from the surface of the water and from the slopes of the furrow.

The closest in technical essence and purpose of the proposed technical solution is the method of irrigation by treating the surface strips of the irrigated area, coating them with a synthetic film and applying irrigation water under the film described in A.S. USSR No. 843864, MKI ³ A01G 25/02, 1979.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of cutting irrigation furrows.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the complexity of irrigation.

This goal is achieved by the fact that simultaneously with coating the surface strips of the irrigated area with a synthetic film, their middle parts are loosened and the side parts are compacted, and then irrigation water is fed under the film.

The essence of the proposed method of irrigation is illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows a cross section of irrigation strips. To implement the method, the middle parts 1 are loosened and the side parts 2 of the stripes of the surface of the irrigated area are compacted. Each strip is covered with a synthetic film 3, the edges 4 of which are embedded in the soil. Under the film 3 serves irrigation water 5.

The proposed method is implemented as follows. In the aisles, the middle parts are loosened with a width of 10 cm and the lateral parts with a width of 5 cm of irrigation strips are compacted. The length of irrigation strips is taken from 75 to 120 m. Simultaneously with the treatment, irrigation strips are covered with a synthetic film, the longitudinal edges of which are embedded in the soil. The edges of the film in the heads of irrigation strips are fixed on the underground outlets of distribution pipelines. 0.25 l / s is fed to the heads of irrigation strips under pressure. The pressure value is taken within 0.4-0.6 m water column (0.04-0.06 atm). With a pressure of less than 0.4 m.st. the rate of movement of water along the length of the irrigation strip decreases sharply. With a pressure of more than 0.6 m.st. tearing of the synthetic film is possible. With an irrigation rate of 900 m ³ / ha, the irrigation time was 14 hours.

The width of irrigation strips is taken in the range from 0.2 to 0.4 m. When the width of the irrigation strip is less than 0.2 m, the irrigation time increases significantly due to the reduction in the absorption area of irrigation water. With the width of the irrigation strip more than 0.4 m, formation of a fault current and soil water erosion are possible.

The width of the loosening of the middle part of the strip of the surface of the irrigated area take at least 50% of the width of the irrigation strip. With a smaller width of the loosening strip, the duration of irrigation increases significantly. The maximum width of the loosening strip is determined by the minimum width of the sealed side parts of the irrigation strip. The width of the sealed side parts should be at least 5 cm. The smaller width of the sealed side parts of the irrigation strip does not provide reliable fastening of the edges of the synthetic film in the soil.

The depth of cultivation is from 5 to 10 cm. When the depth of cultivation is less than 5 cm, the absorption rate of irrigation water decreases and the duration of irrigation increases significantly. With a depth of cultivation of more than 10 cm, the complexity of processing increases significantly without reducing the duration of irrigation.

It is rational to use an opaque reclamation film 120-150 microns thick as a synthetic film. Heating the irrigation water in the irrigation strips under the film ensures the destruction of pests, microbes, pathogenic fungi, weed seeds and their seedlings.

Watering according to the method analogous included cutting irrigation furrows with a depth of 12 cm. Watering duration of 14 hours with an irrigation rate of 900 m ³ / ha. The complexity of cutting furrows by 30% exceeds the complexity of loosening the middle parts and compaction of the extreme parts of irrigation strips.

Thus, the proposed method of irrigation along the strips of the surface of the irrigated area in comparison with the analogue reduces the complexity of irrigation by 30% due to loosening of the middle parts and compaction of the lateral parts of the strips of the surface of the irrigated area.

Claims (1)

The method of irrigation by treating the surface strips of the irrigated area, coating them with synthetic film and applying irrigation water under the film, characterized in that at the same time as the surface strips of the irrigated area are coated with synthetic film, their middle parts are loosened and the side parts are compacted, and then irrigation water is fed under the film.

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