RU2347339C1 - Cultivating roller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: roller includes set of successfully assembled on common axis circular shells connected with axis by means of spokes. The outer surface of each shell is made with cone shape and is concave. The outer surface of a big base of the shell is inclined at 20-45° relative to direction of roller motion. The spokes of the shell are assembled at an angle to the plane of each shell. The shell spokes are made in form of arc bent with its prominence to the side of cutting edge of the roller. The spokes of the shell can have L-shape. The outer surface and an edge of the bigger base of the shell are strengthened with hard wear resistant alloy. The shell has grooves at least on one side surface. The grooves can be semi-oval, in form of a half circle, semi-ellipse, triangle, rectangle or polygon.

EFFECT: upgraded reliability and quality of roller operation and expanding its process functionality.

10 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, to tillage agricultural implements, in particular to devices for loosening and compaction of the soil.

A known design of a multi-operational roller made in the form of a battery (a set of sequentially mounted ring shells) with rings made in the form of a truncated cone and connected by means of spokes to the axis of the battery, which is mounted at an angle to the direction of movement of the tillage unit and is connected by leashes to the implement frame between the leads are mounted jet thrust and pressure levers, and the ring rings on the rim are made with a one-sided corrugation, and the edges of the rim are sharpened. See patent No. 2294610. Publ. 03/10/2007. One end of the thrust has a damper connection. One of the leads of the battery is made of a sliding structure having a sliding part and a pressure lever, the sliding part being located on the side opposite to the axes of attachment with the frame.

The disadvantages of the known device include design complexity and low technological capabilities associated with limiting the depth of cultivation and combing of weeds.

A more advanced device is known - multi-purpose rollers (prototype), designed for loosening the soil, rolling it in, cutting and combing weeds with the simultaneous leveling of the treated surface. See RF patent for invention No. 2281631. Multi-stage rollers are made up of a battery, have a ring shape and are connected by means of spokes to the axis of the battery, which is installed at an angle to the direction of movement of the unit. The rings of each roller have the shape of a cylinder, on the edges of which opposite sharpening angles are made. The spokes form an eccentric joint of the ring with the axis. The rollers are made up of a battery with a multiple eccentricity step around the circumference, which, according to the authors, reduces traction and increases the functionality and quality of the roller.

The disadvantages of the prototype include low technological capabilities associated with limiting the depth of penetration of the rings into the soil and combing weeds.

The technical task of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype, in particular improving the reliability and quality of work of the tillage implement and improving its technological capabilities.

The technical problem posed by the invention is achieved by the fact that the outer surface of each member of the set sequentially mounted on a common axis with the help of spokes of the ring shell is made conical and concave.

The outer edge of the larger base of each cone-shaped concave annular shell is made at an angle of 20-45 degrees with respect to the direction of movement of the roller.

The spokes of each ring shell included in the set of consecutively mounted on the common axis axis are mounted at an angle to the plane of each shell, forming a cone with a slope opposite to the larger base of the conical shell.

The spokes of each ring shell included in the set are made curved in the form of an arc, a convex surface made towards the cutting edge of the roller.

The spokes of each ring shell included in the set are made L-shaped, while the L-shaped corner protrudes from the cutting edge of the roller by an amount equal to from 20 to 100 mm.

The upper shelf of the L-shaped spokes of each ring shell included in the set is made from the outer surface of the cutting edge of the roller at a distance of the depth of the roller into the soil.

The outer surface and the edge of the larger base of the cone-shaped concave annular shell are hardened, for example, by a hard wear-resistant alloy.

At least one side is provided with recesses on at least one side surface of the conical concave annular shell.

The notches on at least one side surface of the conical concave annular shell are semi-oval, for example in the form of a semicircle or semi-ellipse.

The recesses on at least one lateral surface of the cone-shaped concave annular shell are made with at least two faces, for example triangular, or rectangular, or polygonal.

The novelty of the proposed technical solution is the implementation of the outer surface of each included in the set, sequentially mounted on a common axis with the help of spokes of ring shells, conical and concave.

Thus, the execution of the outer surface of each annular shell of the rink of a concave shape forms a sharper cutting edge in the larger base of the conical ring shell, which allows to increase the depth of penetration of the shells into the soil without increasing the total weight of the roller, and to preserve all other functions associated with loosening, soil compaction and combing weeds.

These characteristics are new, non-obvious, industrially feasible and aimed at achieving the technical task posed by the invention to simplify the design, improve manufacturability and efficiency of tillage.

Additional features that reveal the specific implementation of the structural elements of the proposed device are:

- the execution of the outer edge of the larger base of each cone-shaped concave annular shell at an angle of 20-45 degrees with respect to the direction of movement of the roller ensures optimal penetration of the ring shells into the soil, loosening and rolling with the same weight of the tillage unit,

- setting the spokes of each ring shell included in the set sequentially mounted on the common axis either at an angle to the plane of each shell, forming a cone with a slope that is opposite to the larger base of the conical shell, or curved in the form of an arc, a convex surface made towards the cutting edge of the roller, forming a hemisphere, or L-shaped, while the L-shaped corner protrudes from the cutting edge of the roller by an amount equal to from 20 to 100 mm, allows weeds to be more effectively captured and pulled out of the soil ,

- the implementation of the upper flange of L-shaped knitting needles of each ring shell included in the set from the outer surface of the cutting edge of the roller at a distance to the depth of the roller in the soil ensures weed grabbing with needles, without preventing the penetration of the shells into the soil

- the implementation of the outer surface and the edges of the larger base of the conical concave annular shell reinforced, for example, a hard wear-resistant alloy increases the service life of the shells,

- making at least one side surface of the conical concave annular ring of the grooves, including semi-oval, for example, in the form of a semicircle, or semi-ellipse, or at least with two faces, for example triangular, or rectangular, or polygonal, allows you to more reliably cling and hold weeds when combing them from the soil.

Figure 1 schematically shows a tillage packer roller with shells installed in active mode - at an angle to the direction "V" of the roller.

Figure 2 presents the cross section of the annular shell.

Figure 3 presents the cross section of the ring shell with deposited on its outer concave surface reinforcing hard alloy.

Figure 4 schematically shows a tillage packer roller with shells installed in passive mode.

5 shows embodiments of at least one lateral surface of the cone-shaped annular shells, oval, triangular and polygonal recesses.

Figure 6 presents embodiments of annular conical shells with different shapes, L-shaped, in the form of arcs and in the form of a cone with knitting needles.

The proposed tillage packer roller consists of a set of cone-shaped annular shells 1 mounted using spokes 2 on a common axis 3 of rotation of the rollers. The outer surface 4 of each included in the set of annular shells 1 is made concave. On the side surfaces of each annular shell 1, recesses can be made, which, depending on the required agricultural conditions, can be made semi-oval 5, triangular 6 or polygonal 7 in shape. In the particular case, the recesses can be made, for example, of a triangular shape in the form of an isosceles triangle 8. A wear-resistant hard alloy 9 is applied to the outer concave surface 4. The spokes 2 can be made in the form of arcs 10, forming a spherical contour, or straight 2 mounted either in the plane shell 1, or inclined 11, forming a conical contour, the top of which is extended beyond the plane of the shell 1, or L-shaped 12. Shelf 13 L-shaped spokes made with respect to the extreme point A of the cutting edge 14 of each annular shell 1 at a distance (C) of the penetration of the annular shell 1 into the soil.

Before starting work, the soil cultivating roller with a set of annular cone-shaped with a concave outer surface 4 shells 1 is installed on the soil cultivating unit. At the same time, tillage rollers can be installed both in active (see figure 1) and in passive (see figure 4) modes. In the active mode, the tillage roller is installed at an angle to the direction of movement of the unit so that the axis of rotation 3 of each press roller forms an angle to the direction of movement of the roller, equal to 70-90 degrees. In passive mode, the angle of inclination of the chord "B" connecting the edges of the concave surface of the annular conical shell 1 of the roller to the direction of movement of the tillage roller "V" is set mainly perpendicularly, or at an angle from 70 to 110 degrees.

The proposed tillage roller in active mode operates as follows.

When the tillage unit moves, the annular cone-shaped shells 1 with a concave outer surface 4 roll over the soil, being at an angle to the direction of movement of the tillage unit. The annular conical shells 1 due to their location at an angle to the direction “V” of the movement of the tillage unit with the cutting edge 14 begin to penetrate into the soil to a predetermined depth. The weeds encountered on the path of movement of the annular cone-shaped shells 1 with the cutting edge 14 are pulled out or cut and brought to the surface of the soil. In this case, the spokes 2, which can be made straight, located in the plane of the annular conical shell, or extended outside the plane of the shell, forming a conical shape, or in the form of arcs 10, or L-shaped 12 shape. This design of the spokes fills the space between the annular shells, which contribute to the capture of weeds and dropping them to the soil surface behind the rollers. The presence of recesses on the sides (surfaces) of each cone-shaped annular shell 1 enhances the effect of trapping weeds, makes it possible to more effectively grind the soil and level its surface. In the case when the weeds did not fall under the cutting edge 14 of the annular conical shell 1, the latter fall between the needles 2, 10, 11, 12 of the shell and are pulled out (combed out) from the soil.

In passive mode, the soil tillage roller mainly works on rolling soil and removing weeds.

The proposed tillage roller is a robust multifunctional design. In this case, the control of the depth of the cone-shaped annular shells 1 into the soil is controlled by changing the angle of inclination of the tillage roller to the direction of movement “V” of the tillage unit.

Currently, working drawings have been developed for the proposed tillage skating rink and a prototype has been manufactured, which is undergoing field tests.

Preliminary tests have yielded positive results. The soil after passing the proposed tillage skating rink was smooth, evenly shredded, finely lumpy. All weeds were pulled out or cut and lay on the surface of the soil.

A decision was made on the serial production of the proposed tillage rollers.

Claims (10)

1. A tillage roller, comprising a set of annular shells sequentially mounted on a common axis, connected to the axis by means of knitting needles, characterized in that the outer surface of each annular shell sequentially mounted on a common axis by means of knitting needles is made conical and concave. 2. Tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer edge of the larger base of each cone-shaped concave annular shell is made at an angle of 20-45 ° with respect to the direction of movement of the roller. 3. The tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the spokes of each ring shell that are successively mounted on the common axis of the ring shell are mounted at an angle to the plane of each shell, forming a cone with a slope that is opposite to the larger base of the shell. 4. The tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the spokes of each ring shell included in the set are made curved in the form of an arc made of a convex surface towards the cutting edge of the roller. 5. The tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the spokes of each ring shell included in the set are L-shaped, while the L-shaped corner protrudes from the cutting edge of the roller by an amount equal to 20-100 mm. 6. The tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper shelf of the L-shaped spokes of each ring shell included in the set is made from the outer surface of the cutting edge of the roller at a distance of the depth of the roller into the soil. 7. The tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface and the edge of the larger base of the conical concave annular ring shell is hardened, for example, by a hard wear-resistant alloy. 8. Tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that at least on one side surface of the conical concave annular ring shells are made recesses. 9. The tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the notches on at least one side surface of the conical concave annular shell are semi-oval, for example in the form of a semicircle or semi-ellipse. 10. The tillage roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses on at least one side surface of the cone-shaped concave annular shell are made with at least two faces, for example triangular, or rectangular, or polygonal.

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