RU2341056C1 - Method of preplant seeds treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method includes preplant treatment of seeds by application of the composition on their surface containing Heteroauxin and a chitosan-containing preparation, obtained from the myxomycet biomass of Saprolegnia parasitica on the set technology, in the weight ratio 3:400 at their total consumption 161.2 g/t.

EFFECT: possesses greater efficiency against root rot at reduced consumption of pesticides.

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Description

The invention relates to seed treatment technology before sowing.

A known method of presowing treatment of seeds, comprising applying to them a composition comprising heteroauxin and a chitosan-containing preparation Chitozar with a weight ratio of 1: 100 and a flow rate of 202 g / t (Tyuterev S.L. Scientific basis for the use of chemical activators of disease resistance in protecting plants from pathogens. Ph.D. - St. Petersburg - Pushkin: VIZR, 1999, p. 36-39).

The disadvantages of this method are the high consumption of pesticides and low processing efficiency, which is up to 32% against root rot.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the consumption of pesticides while increasing the efficiency of processing against root rot.

This result is achieved in that in the method of presowing treatment of seeds, comprising applying to them a composition comprising heteroauxin and a chitosan-containing preparation, the chitosan-containing preparation according to the invention is obtained by sequential extraction of biomass of micromycete Saprolegnia parasitica with a non-polar extractant in a supercritical state, water, alkali, water, acid water, alkali and water, followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue, use a composition comprising heteroauxin and chitosis nsoderzhaschy drug in a weight ratio of 3: 400 at a flow rate of 161.2 g / m.

The method is implemented as follows.

The dry biomass of the micromycete Saprolegnia parasitica is extracted with a non-polar extractant, for example carbon dioxide or hexane, in a supercritical state. At this stage, the first extract is separated, which is further used in the preparation of a chitosan-containing preparation. Next, the biomass is sequentially extracted with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. The solid residue obtained after completion of all the extraction steps listed above is combined with the first extract. The composition is prepared by dissolving heteroauxin in water (List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation for 2001. Appendix to the journal Protection and Plant Quarantine, No. 3, 2001, p.233-234) and a chitosan-containing preparation from the biomass of micromycete Saprolegnia parasitica obtained by the above technology in the above ratio by weight. The resulting solution is applied to the surface of the seeds by any known method at the above flow rate.

The results of the pilot verification, confirming the claimed technical result, are summarized in tables 1-3 for crops of winter wheat, rice and sunflower, respectively.

Table 1
The effectiveness of presowing treatment against root rot of winter wheat Processing option Consumption rate, g / t Tillering coefficient Biological efficiency,% Productivity, t / ha Mass of 1000 grains, g Micromycete biomass preparation Saprolegnia parasitica + heteroauxin 160 + 1.2 2.1 64 40.9 49.1 Vincite (reference) 2000 1.3 71.1 38.5 47.9 Control (without treatment): degree of development,%; productivity, kg / ha - 1,2 23 23.5 46.6

table 2
The effectiveness of presowing treatment against Fusarium rot of rice Processing option Consumption rate, g / t Tillering coefficient Biological efficiency,% Productivity, t / ha Mass of 1000 grains, g Micromycete biomass preparation Saprolegnia parasitica + heteroauxin 160 + 1.2 3,7 66 79.8 29.6 Fundazole (reference) 2000 2.7 33 77.3 26.1 Control (without treatment): degree of development,%; productivity, kg / ha - 2.1 23 66 25.7

Table 3
The effectiveness of presowing treatment against gray rot of sunflower Processing option Consumption rate, g / t Biological efficiency,% Productivity, t / ha Micromycete biomass preparation Saprolegnia parasitica + heteroauxin 160 + 1.2 65,2 16.3 Fundazole (reference) 3000 22.8 13.1 Control (without treatment): degree of development,%; productivity, kg / ha - 19 12.3

As can be seen from the tables, the biological effectiveness of pre-treatment in all cases is higher than in the closest analogue with a reduced consumption of each of the pesticides.

Claims (1)

A method for pre-sowing seed treatment, comprising applying to them a composition comprising heteroauxin and a chitosan-containing preparation, characterized in that the chitosan-containing preparation is obtained by sequential extraction of biomass of micromycete Saprolegnia parasitica with a non-polar supercritical extractant, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue, and the ratio by weight of heteroauxin and chitosan-containing drug in the composition composition It is 3: 400 at a flow rate of 161.2 g / t.