RU2212918C2 - Fire-extinguishing foaming agent composition and a method for preparation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire- extinguishing. SUBSTANCE: agent components are mixed at 30-35 C and continuous stirring, while introducing in series alkyl sulfonate fraction C11-C17, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid triethanolamine salts, and water followed by foam stabilizer: ethylene glycol, ethyl alcohol, or isopropyl alcohol. Mixture is settled at room temperature for at least 10 min. Components are taken for mixing in 2% excess of their percentages in final foaming agent composition, which contains, wt %: alkyl sulfonate fraction 26-30, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid salts 40-44, foam stabilizer 4.0-7.0, and water - the rest. EFFECT: improved foam formation. 4 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing, in particular to compositions and methods for producing a foaming agent for extinguishing fires. and can be used to extinguish class A and B fires, both on land and on water.

Known foaming agent for extinguishing fires "TEAS" TU 38-107127-87, developed by the Shebekinsky chemical plant, the surface-active basis of which are aqueous solutions of triethanolamine salts of primary alkyl sulfates of fractions C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ or C ₇ -C ₁₂ , or a mixture of fractions C ₇ -C ₁₂ : C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ = 1: 1, or a mixture of fractions C ₁₀ -C ₁₂ : C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ = 1: 1 (VV Peshkov, MV Odinets. Storage stability of foaming agents: Collection of scientific papers; Fire extinguishers and automatic fire extinguishing installations. VNIIPO Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, 1989, p. 32-37). The disadvantage of this foaming agent is the low value of the ratio of the foam - 8-45.

A known method of producing a foaming agent for extinguishing fires (USSR author's certificate 1357026 A1, A 62 D 1/02, 1987, publ. 07.12.87, bull. 45), including sulfonation of a synergistic mixture of alcohols fraction C ₇ -C ₁₂ and C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ chlorosulfonic acid, neutralization of sulfonic acids with an aqueous solution of triethanolamine to a pH of 6.5-8.0, or first with triethanolamine to a pH of 4.7, followed by the addition of an aqueous solution of caustic soda.

 The disadvantage of the foaming agent is the overestimated value of the ratio of the foam 1100-1180.

The closest in composition to the claimed is the composition of the blowing agent for extinguishing fires (USSR author's certificate 899046, A 62 D 1/02, 1982, publ. 23.01.82, bull. 3), containing components in the following ratio, wt.%:
Alkyl sulfates - 3.0-24.0
As sulfonates - olefin sulfonates - 1.0-22.0
Ethylene Glycol - 7.0-20.0
Butanol (foam stabilizer) - 2.0-9.0
Water - Up to 100
The composition is prepared by mixing the components at room temperature.

 The known composition has a high content of ethylene glycol and butanol (up to 29 wt.%), Used as foam stabilizers and which are toxic, narcotic substances. Due to the increased content of the foam stabilizer, a decrease in the stability of the foam occurs.

 The objective of the invention is to improve the properties of the foaming agent to create low-, medium- and high-fold foams, as well as obtaining stable foam.

The task is achieved in that the composition of the foaming agent for extinguishing fires contains components in the following ratio, wt.%:
Alkyl sulfonates fraction C ₁₁ -C ₁₇ - 26-30
Triethanolamine salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids - 40-44
Foam Stabilizers - 4.0-7.0
Water - Up to 100
Ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol or ethylene glycol are used as a foam stabilizer.

Alkyl sulfonates of the C ₁₁ -C ₁₇ fraction are a pasty consistency with an alkyl sulfonate content of at least 40 wt.%.

 The triethanolamine salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids are a paste-like consistency with a content of alkyl sulfonates of at least 40 wt.%.

A method of obtaining the claimed composition includes the sequential introduction into the apparatus of periodic action of the following components of the composition: alkyl sulfonates of the C ₁₁ -C ₁₇ fraction, triethanolamine salts of alkyl benzene sulfonic acids, water and a foam stabilizer: ethylene glycol, ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol. The composition is continuously mixed at a temperature of 30-35 ^o C for 10-15 minutes. Then it is defended for at least 10 minutes at room temperature 20-25 ^o C.

 The resulting foaming agent, the compositions of which are presented in the table, is a light-moving, non-delaminating, uniform and transparent liquid from light yellow to brown in color, without crystalline precipitate and extraneous mechanical impurities, with a slight specific smell. The fire extinguishing ability of the claimed composition was determined by extinguishing heptane (class B) and amounted to no more than 300 seconds.

Example 2. (See table) The composition of the foaming agent, mass. %:
Alkyl sulfonate fraction C ₁₁ -C ₁₇ - 28,0
Triethanolamine salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids - 40.0
Foam Stabilizer (Ethyl Alcohol) - 6.5
Water - Up to 100
Foam stability - 300 s; the foam ratio is 13.

Example 4. The composition of the foaming agent, wt.%:
Alkyl sulfonate fraction C ₁₁ -C ₁₇ - 25.0
Alkylbenzenesulfonic acid triethanolamine salts - 42.0
Foam Stabilizer (Ethyl Alcohol) - 5.5
Water - Up to 100
Foam stability - 260 s; the foam ratio is 8.

Example 5. The composition of the foaming agent, wt.%:
Alkyl sulfonate fraction C ₁₁ -C ₁₇ - 31,0
Triethanolamine salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids - 41.0
Foam Stabilizer (Ethyl Alcohol) - 6.0
Water - Up to 100
Foam stability - 270s; the multiplicity of the foam is 20.

 From the table it can be concluded that the proposed ratio of the components with this method of obtaining provides highly effective indicators of stability and the multiplicity of the foam (examples 1-3, 6-8, 11-13), and a change in this ratio leads to changes in the properties of the foam (examples 4, 5 , 9, 10, 14, 15) to the level of the prototype (example 16).

 The use of the inventive composition of the foaming agent and the method for its preparation provides the following advantages.

 1. The foaming agent is non-toxic, soluble in water, provides low-, medium- and high-rate foams.

 2. Designed to produce air-mechanical foam using special equipment for extinguishing class A fires (wood, coal, rubber, plastic) and B (burning petroleum products and organic substances).

 3. The production method does not require expensive equipment and is carried out in an automated mode lasting no more than 2 hours.

Claims (3)

1. The composition of the foaming agent for extinguishing fires containing sulfonate, foam stabilizer and water, characterized in that it additionally contains triethanolamine salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, and the sulfonate is used alkyl sulfonate fraction C ₁₁ -C ₁₇ in the subsequent ratio of components, wt. %:
Alkyl sulfonate fraction C ₁₁ -C ₁₇ - 26-30
Triethanolamine salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids - 40-44
Foam Stabilizer - 4.0-7.0
Water - Else
2. The composition according to p. 1, characterized in that it contains ethylene glycol as a foam stabilizer. ethyl or isopropyl alcohol. 3. A method of obtaining a composition according to claim 1, comprising mixing the starting components containing a sulfonate, a foam stabilizer and water, characterized in that triethanolamine salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acids are additionally added to the starting components, the alkyl sulfonate of the fraction C ₁₁ -C _{17 is} used as the sulfonate, mixing the components are carried out with continuous stirring at a temperature of 30-35 ^o C, by sequentially introducing alkyl sulfonate, triethanolamine salts of alkyl benzene sulfonic acids, water, then a foam stabilizer, settling th obtained composition at room temperature for at least 10 minutes, while the starting components are taken with an excess of not more than 2 wt. % of the number of components in the finished composition of the foaming agent.  4. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that ethylene glycol, ethyl or isopropyl alcohol are used as a foam stabilizer.

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