RU2295468C1 - Transporting-and-mounting set - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rail vehicles designed for carrying long-length loads of heavy weight and round shape with relatively thin carrying envelope. Proposed transporting-and-mounting set has frame 1 with bogies and rear and front supports for article. Rear support is made in form of two posts with balancers, rotary in cross direction, on ends of which levers-grips for article supports are installed for turning. Arms of levers-grips of each balancer Are coupled by two tie-rods and lever installed of balancer. Each post of rear support is provided with possibility of adjusting displacement in longitudinal direction relative to frame. First balancer is installed for rocking along frame. On one arm of balancer front support is mounted, and on other arm, other balancer 1 is installed for rocking with article fixing device and additional support 22. Article fixing device is made in form of two posts 13 turnable by drive in cross direction and provided with drive rotary levers carrying holddowns for fixing the article.

EFFECT: improved reliability of fixing.

5 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of transport engineering, in particular to rail transport, and can be used for the transport of long loads of large mass, having a round shape and a shell with limited bearing capacity.

Known transport unit (trolley), containing a frame mounted on rail trolleys, mounted on the frame front and rear supports, designed to stack products on them, mounted on a strap between supports, vertically calibrated tool holders, mounted on the frame of the rack, as well as platforms and farm service.

The unit is equipped with removable screw stops, consisting of a screw and a housing that is mounted on the frame.

On the upper parts of the uprights and on the rear support, guide heads are installed for catching lifting means.

When laying the product on the front and rear frame supports, the lifting means interact with the inclined surfaces of the guide heads, which pick up the lifting means in the longitudinal and transverse directions relative to the frame, ensuring accurate placement of the product on the frame supports. The removable screw stops installed between the frame and the calibrated tool holders limit the vertical movement of the tool holders when laying and transporting the product (see RF patent, No. 2141906, class. 61 D 3/16, 1999) - the closest analogue.

As a result of the analysis of the design of the known unit, it should be noted that it provides accurate laying of the product on the supports and transportation of the product to the destination on a rail track. However, in the known design of the unit, the installation of the product on the supports is carried out by means of a calibrated pressing of the screw stops to the product after installation. The adjustment of the clamping force is usually carried out manually, which is inconvenient and time consuming. In the process of transporting the product due to shocks, shaking, it is possible to release the supports under the tool holders or under one of them and reduce the force of its pressing to the product or, in general, pull it away from the product, which changes the load on the other tool holders, and this can lead to breakage and damage. products. It should also be noted that the product is fixed on the frame rigidly, and therefore, during transportation, the product is subject to rolling and shaking, which leads to the need for additional routine maintenance after the product is delivered to its destination (site). It should also be noted that the purpose of the known unit is only transportation of the product. The unit is not used when installing the product in the working position on the launch pad, which leads to the need to use additional mechanisms and assemblies, which increases labor costs and installation time of the product on the site.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a transport and installation unit that provides quick and convenient laying of the product on the frame supports, its reliable fixation on the frame, eliminating shaking of the product during transportation and providing quick and convenient installation of the product in the working position.

The task is ensured by the fact that in the transport and installation unit containing the frame, trolleys for moving the unit along the rail track, the rear and front supports for laying the product, it is new that the rear support is made in the form of two struts rotatable in the transverse direction relative to the frame, on each of which a balancer is mounted vertically with a possibility of swaying, at the ends of each balancer on the axis with a possibility of rotation levers-grips are installed, on one shoulder of each leverage-gripper there is a recess for approaching the product support, and the other arms of the levers-grippers of each balancer are connected by two rods and a lever mounted with the possibility of rotation on the balancer, each rod with one end connected to one of the levers-grippers, and the other with one of the lever arms, each of the pillars of the rear support has the ability to adjust in the longitudinal direction relative to the frame, on the back of which there is a pin and brackets for connection with the platform platform, and the unit is equipped with an additional support, a fixation device the article on the frame, as well as two balancers, the first of which is mounted on the frame with the ability to swing along the frame, the front support is mounted on one of its shoulders, and the other balancer is mounted with the ability to swing, the device fixation device is installed on one shoulder, and on the other, an additional support, the trolley located in the area of the front support is detachably connected to the frame, and the front support is made in the form of a lodgement mounted on the shoulder of the first balancer with the possibility of swinging in the transverse relation relative to the axis of the frame direction, while the device fixation device is made in the form of two racks that can be rotated by means of a drive in the transverse direction relative to the frame, on each of the racks mounted rotary drive levers with a clip on each of them, designed to fix the product, and the adjustment mechanism the movement of each of the uprights in the longitudinal direction relative to the frame is made in the form of a rod, pivotally connected to the column at one end, at the other end of the rod there is a threaded hole in which The threaded rod is screwed with the head located in the coupling cavity having a threaded axial hole into which the threaded rod is screwed, pivotally mounted on the frame, and locknuts are placed on the rods from the two ends of the couplings.

When conducting patent research, no solutions were found that are identical to the claimed one, and therefore, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

The essence of the claimed solution does not follow explicitly from the prior art, and therefore, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The information set forth in the materials of this description is sufficient for the practical implementation of the invention.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by graphic materials on which:

figure 1 - transport and installation unit, side view;

figure 2 is a view of figure 1;

figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1;

figure 4 - section bb in figure 1;

figure 5 is a view of figure 1;

in Fig.6 is a view of D in Fig.5;

in Fig.7 - remote element E in Fig.6;

in Fig.8 is a view of G in Fig.6.

The transport and installation unit contains a frame 1, the rear of which is mounted on a trolley 2. On the front of the frame 1 on the axle 3, a first balancer 4, supported on a trolley 5, is mounted swaying along the frame 5. A front support 6 is mounted on one shoulder of the balancer 4, made in the form of a lodgement 7 mounted on a rack (not indicated by the position) of the balancer 4 by means of the axis 8 with the possibility of rocking. On the lodgement 7 mounted supporting elements 9.

A second balancer 11 is mounted on the other arm of the balancer 4 on the axis 10 with the possibility of rocking. A device 12 is mounted on one arm of the balancer 11 in the form of two adjustable struts 13. The racks are mounted on the balancer 11 with the possibility of rotation on the axis (not indicated by the position) by means of a drive. Each rack 13 has a pivot arm 14 with a clamp 15. Each pivot arm is equipped with a pivoting mechanism for fixing (unlocking) the product 12.

The drive rotation of the uprights 13 and the rotation mechanism of the pivoting levers can be performed in various ways. The implementation of the drive and mechanism data is not difficult for specialists. So the drive rotation of the rack 13 can be made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, the rod 16 of which is connected via an axis to this rack. The drive of another adjustable stand is made similarly.

The rotation mechanism of each lever 14 can be made in the form of levers 17 and 18 pivotally connected to each other. The free end of the lever 17 is pivotally connected to the lever 14, and the lever 18 to the rack. The lever 18 is connected to the drive of its rotation (not shown).

The fixing device also contains a support element 19 and a mechanism for fixing the racks 13 in the reduced position (when the product is fixed on the frame of the transport and installation unit). The locking mechanism of the uprights 13 can be made in the form of a wedge 20, which can be moved in a vertical plane and placed between the uprights 13 in their reduced position.

An additional support 22 is mounted on the other shoulder of the second balancer 11 with the possibility of rotation on the axis 21.

To fix the balancer 4 relative to the frame 1 provides a safety tie 23.

To fix the balancer 11 relative to the balancer 4, a safety tie 24 is provided for transporting the unit without load and when the product is installed in the working position.

The implementation of safety ties can be very different. So the fixed part of the screed (housing) can be fixed on the frame 1 (for the balancer 4) or on the balancer 4 (for the balancer 11), and the movable part after moving it to the required position contacts the balancers, preventing them from turning relative to the axes. As safety ties, for example, jacks can be used.

On the rear of the frame 1, a rear support is installed, made in the form of two rotary racks 25, each of which is pivotally mounted on a balancer 26. At the ends of each balancer 26 are pivotally mounted on the axles 27, gripping levers 28, on one shoulder of each of which recesses 29 are made for the pins 30 available on the product 12. Other arms of the gripping levers are connected to each other by means of rods 31 and 32 and a lever 33 mounted for rotation on the axis (not indicated by position) of the balancer arm 26. The rod 31 is connected at one end with a gripping lever, and the other with one of the arms of the lever 33. Link 32 is connected at one end to the other gripping lever and to the other arm of the lever 33 with the other.

The recess of each gripping lever is closed by a locking bar 34.

The rotation mechanism of each rack 25 can be made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 35, pivotally mounted on the frame 1, the rod 36 of which is connected with the rack.

Each rack 25 is equipped with a mechanism for its fixation in the working (vertical) position, made in the form of a rotary clamp 37 and a stop 38 screwed into the rack. The clamp and stop cover on both sides of the plate 39, mounted on the frame 1.

Each balancer can be fastened with its own safety tie strap 40.

Each rack 25 has the ability to tune along the frame. The mechanism of rotation of the strut 25 is made in the form of a rod 41, pivotally connected at one end to the rack, and at the other end of the rod there is a threaded hole into which a threaded rod 42 is screwed at one end, having a head 43 located in the cavity of the coupling 44 having a threaded hole in which is screwed into another threaded rod 45 pivotally mounted on an arm 46 of the frame 1. Locknuts 47 and 48 are screwed onto the rods 45 and 42, respectively.

On the frame of the unit there is a pin 49 and brackets 50.

Transport and installation unit is prepared for work and works as follows.

For installation on the unit, the products 12 are bred by means of rack drives 13 and 25, the swinging levers 14 are bred.

Safety ties 23, 24, 40 are released. The product 12 using regular means is laid on the front support. Given that the lodgement 7 of the front support is mounted on the axis 8 with the possibility of rocking, the product is laid simultaneously on both support elements 9.

Since the front support 6 is mounted on the balancer 4, when the product contacts the support, the balancer 4 rotates about the axis 3 and brings the product fixation device and additional support 22, which are mounted on the balancer 11, from below to the product.

Thanks to the balancing system used in the construction of the unit, all supporting elements are in contact with the product, and with the same pressing force to the product.

After laying the product on the front and additional supports visually determine whether the position of the product is set. In the event that the product occupies a regular position, turn on the drives of the racks 13 to reduce them and carry out the reduction of these racks. Next, the levers 17 and 18 are actuated, which rotate the levers 14, fixing the product clamps 15.

To exclude unauthorized operation of the fixing device for breeding racks 13 between them drive a wedge 20.

Next, by turning on the hydraulic cylinders 35, the struts 25 are brought together, after which the trunnions 30 of the product 12 should be located in the area of the recesses 29 of the gripping levers 28. To create the trunnions 30, one of the gripping levers 28 is turned in relation to the axis on which it is installed, until until the pin 30 is in the recess 29. Simultaneously with the rotation of one lever-capture 28, through the rod 31, the lever 33 and the rod 32 is the rotation of the other lever-capture. The levers-grips 28 simultaneously rotate and go with their recesses 29 on the trunnions 30. When the levers-grips occupy a predetermined position relative to the trunnions, they are fixed in the recesses with the locking bars 34.

If the service personnel, during a visual inspection, found that the trunnions of the product are in a position in which they will not go into the recesses of the gripping arms when turning the latter, then the position of the balancers 26 is adjusted. To do this, release the lock nut 47 and rotate the coupling 44 in one direction or another depending on the position of the trunnions relative to the gripping levers 28. When the coupling 44 is rotated, it moves along the threaded rod and moves the rod 41, thereby turning the strut 25 in one direction or another (depending on the rotation of the coupling 44) along the axis of the product. The clutch 44 is rotated until the grooves of the gripping levers are combined with the trunnions of the product, after which the grooves are pushed into the trunnions and the connection is fixed with the locking strips 34. Lock nut 47 is screwed until it contacts the end of the clutch.

The product is mounted on the unit frame.

Next, the racks 25 are fixed, bringing into contact with the plate an emphasis 38 and a clamp 37.

The unit with the product is ready for transportation. The traction means is hooked to the unit and the unit is transported to the site for installing the product.

It should be noted that during transportation of the product, the ties 23, 24, 40 are unfastened, which allows the product to be transported without shaking and shock.

After the unit with the product arrives at the site, work is carried out on the vertical installation of the product on the base surfaces of the table (not shown). For this, the frame 1 with its brackets 50 extends beyond the protrusions of the platform (not shown) located on the platform and moves relative to the platform until the pin 49 of the frame engages with the hook of the platform. The frame is coupled to the platform. Couplers 23, 24, 40 fix the first and second balancers and balancer 26.

The platform with the frame with the product installed on it moves along the rail to the installation table. Upon arrival at the place of installation of the product, the platform with the frame installed on it with the product 12 standard means is translated into a vertical position. When the frame 1 is rotated to a vertical position, the carriage 5 disengages from the frame 1 and remains on the rail. To install the product on the base surface of the table carry out its smooth lowering. Together with the product, the frame and platform are lowered. Lowering is carried out until the product with its installation elements does not stand on the base surface of the table.

If the product 12 is lowered to the base surfaces of the table with a slight bias, then there is a risk of uncoupling the platform hook and the trunnion 49 of the frame 1. To eliminate this possibility, release the lock nut 48, that is, remove it from the torus of the coupling 44. In this case, when contacting one from the mounting elements of the product with the base surface of the table, the product makes a slight rotation, but the frame does not change its position relative to the platform, since when turning with the product, the rod 44 moves within the stroke of the lock nut 48 the product force is not transferred.

Upon contact of all the connecting elements of the product with the base surfaces of the table, the product is secured to the table, then the locking strips 34 are unfastened, the fixing device is released, the clamps 15 are removed from the product, the wedge 20 is removed and the rotary racks 13 are withdrawn. and racks 25 are lowered. Lower the platform with the frame in a horizontal position, while the frame is mounted on the trolley 5, the traction means is connected to the unit and the frame 1 is taken away from the platform.

The cycle is over.

When transporting the unit to the starting position of the screed 23, 24, 40, the balancers 4, 11, 26 are fixed.

Using the claimed unit allows you to increase the convenience of installing the product on the site, reduce the time of its installation, eliminating the overload of the product from the transport unit to the standard facilities located on the site, as well as to ensure smooth transportation to the site.

Claims (5)

1. The transport and installation unit comprising a frame, trolleys for moving the unit along the rail track, rear and front supports for laying the product, characterized in that the rear support is made in the form of two racks, transversally rotatable relative to the frame, on each of which stands vertically with with the possibility of rocking, a balancer is mounted, at the ends of each balancer on the axis, gripping levers are installed with the possibility of rotation, on one shoulder of each gripping lever there is a recess for approaching the product support, and the other shoulders are a lever The o-grips of each balancer are connected by means of two rods and a lever mounted to rotate on the balancer, each rod with one end connected to one of the gripper levers and the other with one of the lever arms, each of the struts of the rear support has the possibility of tuning displacements in the longitudinal direction relative to the frame, on the back of which there is a pin and brackets for connecting to the platform of the platform, and the unit is equipped with an additional support, a device for fixing the product on the frame, as well as two balancers, the first of which is mounted on the frame with the ability to swing along the frame, the front support is mounted on one of its shoulders, and the other balancer is mounted on the other with the ability to swing, on one shoulder of which the device for fixing the product is installed, and on the other - an additional support. 2. The transport and installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the trolley located in the area of the front support is detachably connected to the frame. 3. The transport and installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the front support is made in the form of a lodgement mounted on the shoulder of the first balancer with the possibility of rocking in the direction transverse to the axis of the frame. 4. The transport and installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the device fixing device is made in the form of two racks, which can be rotated by means of a drive in the transverse direction relative to the frame, on each of the racks mounted rotary drive levers with a clip on each of them, designed to fix the product. 5. The transport and installation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment mechanism for each of the racks in the longitudinal direction relative to the frame is made in the form of a rod, pivotally connected to the rack at one end, a threaded hole is made at the other end of the rod, into which a threaded screw is screwed a rod with a head located in the cavity of the coupling having a threaded axial hole into which a threaded rod is pivotally mounted on the frame, and lock nuts are placed on the rods from the two ends of the couplings.

Images