RU2289150C1 - Mobile device for excitation of seismic waves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: seismic equipment engineering, namely: mobile devices for excitation of resilient oscillations in soil.

SUBSTANCE: device contains semi-trailer towed by towing vehicle, impact loaders of electro-dynamic type positioned on its platform, capacitor-type accumulators of electric energy, one for each loader, hydraulic mechanisms for lowering loaders onto soil and raising them from soil surface, onboard electric power source with gasoline drive and control system. Control system includes two programmable panels for remote control over operation of loaders and executive mechanisms of hydro-system. Hydro-system has two contours for feeding working liquid to aforementioned mechanisms.

EFFECT: improved technical and performance properties.

8 cl, 72 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of seismic engineering, namely to mobile units for the excitation of elastic vibrations in the soil by means of a corresponding shock action on its surface with the help of electrodynamic pulse loaders, the electromagnetic actuators of which are capable of converting electrical energy stored in special devices - capacitive-type drives into mechanical energy work implemented as a high-intensity power pulse transmitted by the aforementioned th surface.

The specified installation can be used in seismic exploration both in scientific (for example, to study the geological structure of the earth's crust in a particular region), and for purely practical purposes related, for example, to search and prepare for exploratory drilling of oil and gas and other structures or appropriate engineering surveys in the areas of upcoming mass development, irrigation and drainage or the construction of special structures.

A fairly large number of analogues of the invention are known both in domestic and foreign development (see, for example, ed. Certificate No. SU 744403, G 01 V 1/14, 06/30/80; SU No. 890304, G 01 V 1/14, 15.12 .81; SU No. 104450 A, G 01 V 1/143, 07.23.84; SU No. 11005842 A, G 01 V 1/14, 07.30.84; SU No. 1120261 A, G 01 V 1/09, 10.23.84 ; SU No. 1383248 A1, G 01 V 1/09, 03.23.88; SU No. 1404999 A1, G 01 V 1/09, 1/143, 06.23.88; Pat. RU 2216753 C2, G 01 V 1/02, 11/20/2003; US Pat. 3,295,630, G 01 V 1/14, 1963; US Pat. 3,929,206, G 01 V 1/04, 1975; US Pat. 3,306,391, G 01 V 1/04, 1967; US Pat. 3,306,392 , G 01 V 1/14, 1967, etc.).

Seismic equipment of the class in question has found wide application in world practice. To a large extent, this was facilitated by the special consumer qualities of this equipment, as well as the significant recent increase in the range and volume of seismic surveys made using it.

However, many of the analogues listed above are difficult to perform and have relatively low power, irrational metal construction and layout, imperfect kinematics, inefficient hydraulic drive and are not reliable enough and easy to maintain.

It is obvious that the power of the installations of the class in question substantially depends on the number and type of shock loaders located on the cargo platform of the vehicle included in their composition. The greater the number of them carried by a mobile installation, the naturally more powerful impact it can exert on the ground. And of course, mobile installations with electrodynamic loaders in this regard are much more effective than those that use copra or vibration type loaders, as well as with massive rotating inertial flywheels equipped with cam shock mechanisms interacting with a rod-type anvil that is lowered onto the ground surface and ending in flat stove.

In the aforementioned analogs, several typical schemes for placing loaders on a vehicle platform are used, in particular, directly behind the cab of the latter, in the central and tail zones of the platform. The first two layout schemes are preferable from the point of view of optimizing the kinematic power take-off schemes from the vehicle engine and reducing the length of the hydraulic connecting lines that are part of the hydraulic systems.

However, this significantly complicates the installation and dismantling of the loaders, since a number of cars used as a vehicle, mainly of mass production, may be prevented from carrying out the chassis cross members, cardan shafts, the rear axle gearbox, wheel suspension and brake systems, and also other filling elements of the zone in question. For this reason, in a number of known installations, loaders, when there are more than one, are located on the sides of the loading platform, behind the outer contours of the spinal spars of its frame, which, of course, entails a corresponding increase in the size of the machine and the risk of damage to the loaders due to the lack of side protection last, avoiding this.

When placing the loaders in the rear of the vehicle’s cargo platform, it is necessary to lengthen it appropriately and permit the manufacturer of such a tool to modify it. In addition, such a layout scheme significantly impairs the dynamic stability of the machine during its movement.

In relation to the layout schemes just discussed, mobile units are more preferable, in which compact electrodynamic load-bearing skidders of a modular type according to US Pat. EN 2216753 C2 with electromagnetic actuators equipped with appropriate towing devices.

Actuators of this type are widely used in electrodynamic shock stands used to test products for impact loads (see, for example, the Handbook "Testing Equipment", in 2 books, G. Batuyev et al., Ed. Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor V.V. Klyuyev, - M .: "Mechanical Engineering", 1982, book 1, pp. 344 ... 344). Such loading modules can form mobile mobile units of any configuration. They are extremely simple in execution, since in this case there is no need for a platform for placing the loaders and the corresponding hoisting and lifting mechanisms.

Nevertheless, such loaders can be dragged without special difficulties only along the toboggan path (snow cover, ice), and on the ground - only over relatively short distances. For delivery to remote places of work, unloading and installation, they need appropriate transport, lifting equipment, for example, manipulator type and, of course, time.

Due to the fact that in the indicated analogue, each of the loaders is combined with a single electric energy storage device in a common unit, it is obviously necessary to provide appropriate protection against them in order to reduce the level of the latter acting on power circuits of electroautomatics during the operation of the loaders.

The complexity of the execution and the high metal consumption of some of the known mobile units are due mainly to the type of loaders used in their composition, the irrationality of the layout, the imperfection of the kinematics, the formation of the frames of cargo platforms from several sections and a number of other factors.

The hydraulic systems of almost all of the known mobile units are built on a traditional elemental base and relatively outdated technical solutions that do not allow to achieve the necessary perfection of their management and the safe conduct of work that meets the modern technical level, and therefore the competitiveness of the equipment of this class. None of them provide redundant power supply circuits for hydraulic actuators with hydraulic fluid and remote control. The pumps used in them are mainly of an unregulated type.

Of the known analogues of the claimed technical solution, the closest (prototype) can be a mobile electrodynamic source of seismic pulses according to ed. testimonial. SU No. 1104450 A, G 01 V 1/143, 07.23.84.

The specified source is nothing more than a corresponding mobile installation on a wheeled drive to excite seismic waves (elastic vibrations) by means of impact on the soil surface.

Structurally, it contains a vehicle, for example, a car, with an open cargo platform of a frame type, placed on the platform with the possibility of lowering to the ground and lifting from it, as well as locking in the highest position, impulse-action electrodynamic loaders connected to them by current conductors and charged from an onboard source capacitive type electric energy storage devices discharged at the end of charging onto the windings of the inductors of the electromagnetic actuators loading oil, a hydraulic system including hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, the liners of which are suspended on a U-shaped traverse fixed to the platform with elevators above the loaders, and the end connectors of their rods are docked by means of cylindrical axes to the eyes of the loaders, used from the car engine power take-off pump, tank with working fluid, appropriate distribution, protective and safety and control equipment with hydraulic connecting lines rallies and a control system that includes a remote control panel for the operation of the loaders with the corresponding program-setting, receiving-command and control and recording equipment, as well as communication means, an autonomous battery-type power supply and the necessary connecting cables.

As part of the prototype, there are only two electrodynamic loaders located on the vehicle’s cargo platform directly behind its cabin with their transverse arrangement.

To move each of the loaders, only one hydraulic cylinder is used. Therefore, to ensure plane-parallel movement of the loaders in the design of the prototype, there are corresponding vertically oriented rod-type guides of a sufficiently high height, rigidly attached to the bodies of the loaders. These guides kinematically interact with the rotating rollers installed in the respective slots on the side walls of the beam.

The clearance between the rollers and rods is adjusted using the appropriate mechanisms provided for this.

The considered features of the design of the prototype show that it, in one way or another, is characterized by many of the disadvantages of the above analogues of the claimed invention. It is also complicated in execution and has an irrational layout and metal construction. Its kinematics is imperfect, and the hydraulic drive is ineffective. As part of the hydraulic system of the prototype, there is no backup power circuit of the hydraulic actuators included in it;

The loading platform does not have appropriate ramps for the safe ascent of service personnel on it and the descent from there. The control panel for the operation of the loaders is not located in the car’s cabin, but on its platform, next to equipment, the operation of which, as well as the direct impact in this case on the operator of the environment, can cause him quite a certain discomfort.

The objective of the present invention is to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages of known analogues and the prototype of the inventive mobile installation for exciting seismic waves, namely, improving its technical and operational qualities, allowing to achieve the modern technical level and competitiveness of this kind of equipment, as well as reducing the cost and reducing the time of its creation.

In accordance with the invention, it is achieved by a specific set of essential features of the inventive mobile installation for exciting seismic waves.

The set of essential features characterizing the claimed installation include:

- the shock nature of the impact on the surface of the soil during the excitation of seismic waves;

- the presence in its composition of a vehicle with a removable awning, or without it, with a frame-type cargo platform;

- placement on the platform with the possibility of lowering to the ground and lifting from it, as well as locking in the extreme upper position of the electrodynamic loaders of pulsed action;

- the presence of capacitive-type electrical energy storage devices connected to the loaders with current leads and charged from the onboard power supply, discharged at the end of charging to the windings of the inductors of the electromagnetic actuators of the loaders;

- the presence of a hydraulic system, which includes hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, the liners of which are suspended on a platform rigidly mounted on the platform, with traverses elevated above the loaders, and the end connectors of their rods are docked with the help of cylindrical axes to the eyes of the loaders, the pump used from the power take-off of the vehicle engine, a tank with a working fluid, appropriate distribution, protective and safety and regulatory equipment with hydraulic connecting lines;

- the presence of a control system that includes a remote control panel for the operation of the loaders with the corresponding program-setting, receiving-command and control and recording equipment, as well as communications, an autonomous battery-powered power source and the necessary connecting cables;

- the implementation of the vehicle in the form of a towed truck semi-trailer;

- the formation of the frame of the loading platform of the semitrailer from two parallel spinal and outward, for their outer contours, side spars, respectively, I-beam and channel sections, connected to each other by cross members, with the formation between the latter in its middle part, several, according to the number of loaders, following one after the other with coaxial arrangement above them, through openings of identical configuration, and closing on top of the openings on both sides of these openings, in the front and tail zones, comrade flat weld decks to form it relevant sites;

- equipping the semitrailer with a front-mounted jack for mounting the fifth wheel coupling pin and two telescopic support legs, as well as lifting ladders for accessing the personnel to the loading platform and lowering it from there, the working and parking braking systems, respectively, with pneumatic and mechanical drives, contour and signal lights, corresponding on-board wiring connected to the towing tractor electrical system, and mounted on the tail of the cargo frame oh platform security buffer;

- implementation of the end caps of the hydraulic cylinder rods used for docking to the loaders for their movement of the eyes in the form of two pairs of vertically oriented plates spaced apart and centrally located on the sides of the loaders, with rectangular coaxial holes developed in height, welded outside to the ceiling of the case of the loaders with reinforcement on the back side with a power wall in which holes on the same side are cut through the holes of the same and to holes in the profile plates;

- a schematic combination of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, the traverse of the suspension of their liners, as well as the clamps for locking the loaders in the highest position to separately assembled, one for the loader, single mounting-drive modules of identical design, each of which includes one traverse and two placed on her hydraulic cylinder and retainer, respectively, moving and locking the loader;

- traverses of each of the indicated mounting-drive modules in the form of a corresponding beam equipped with side connecting flanges and two pairs of transverse and vertically oriented hollow cylindrical supports located at its ends, respectively, of integral and detachable versions located above the spinal frames of the semitrailer loading frame, respectively covering the latter along the outer contour of the end plane-parallel eyes with round through holes in them;

- fixing one of the vertical supports of the yoke of the mounting-drive module on its beam is stationary, and the other with the possibility of a relatively small rotation in the plane of the latter;

- suspension of the cylinder liners for moving the loaders on the traverse of the mounting-drive module by entering the cylindrical necks formed on their outer surface into its detachable supports, based on the inner diameter and ends of the latter, and mutual tightening of the half-bodies of the supports using the corresponding fasteners;

- the implementation of the clamps used to lock the loaders in the extreme upper position in the form of pivotally mounted on the transverse supports of the traverse of the mounting-drive modules of the cylindrical axes of spatially developed grippers, each of which is formed of two spaced apart and rigidly fastened to each other by means of welded cross members , flat hook-shaped hooks ending with wedge-shaped tips introduced when locking the loaders into the rectangular openings of the reinforcing and power walls eyelets and derivable therefrom at rasstoporenii by respective hydraulic cylinders, the end sleeves attacher and rods pivotally joined to fixed in the holes of end lugs and traverses coaxially welded to the cylindrical axes of the sleeves hooks;

- execution used for docking the end connectors of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders to the eyes of the last cylindrical axes stepwise with a thickened central part, mated through an articulated bearing with an end connector of the rod, and extreme steps of a smaller diameter, on the shanks of which are put in through the rectangular holes of the eyelets of the eyes based on their side walls, and bolted to the ends of the shanks, with an emphasis in the spacer rings axial ixation of the articulated bearing and the possibility of plane-parallel movement in these holes, squeeze bushings square in cross section along the outer contour of the profile;

- execution of the suspension, with the exception of rotation, at the ends of the compression bushings of the aforementioned stepped axes of the two-forked fork facing the spacer rings of the axial fixation of the articulated bearing, closed through the compression spring to the ceiling of the loader, and when the spring is completely unloaded, the cylindrical axis is located at an equal distance from the upper and lower shelves of rectangular openings of the aforementioned eyes, and when it is pressed halfway, in the lowest position;

- supply of each of the two pairs of loader eyes with individual electronic indicators with an output electrical signal that are installed in the corresponding mounting socket of one of the pair eyes, opposite the spring-loaded two-fork plug, recording the facts of the stay of the stepped cylindrical axes of the hydraulic cylinders moving the loaders of the cylinders in the extreme lower position, and therefore the location of the loaders suspended on them on the ground surface or lack there of said axes and, respectively, nagruzhateley on the ground;

- placement of each of the mounting-drive modules in the area of the openings made in the cargo platform of the semitrailer with the support of the traverse on the upper flanges of the spinal spars of its frame, with the spatial orientation using the guide rods of the tubular configuration welded to the last inner seam, mating when the module is put in place with corresponding holes in the aforementioned flanges, and rigid fixation by means of the flanges passed through the connecting holes and are installed in front of them, adjacent the lower shelves spars, overhead rails, spars and covering both sides of the tie rods of appropriate length, as well as the safety and biasing nuts;

- the formation in each of the mounting brackets of the above-mentioned modules of vertically oriented sockets in which it is located, with its exit to the outside and downward, one self-falling spring-loaded limiter identical in design and size, finger-type, moving the loader when it is lifted, in its highest position ;

- the formation on the supporting surfaces of the wedge-shaped tips of hook-shaped hooks included in the fastener-drive modules of the clamps for locking the loaders in the extreme upper position of the local recesses, the width of which is equivalent, providing the necessary gaps, the thickness of the reinforcing eyes of the loaders of the power walls, in the area of location in the last rectangular entrance holes under the tips of the hooks used for landing on their bottom of the upper shelves of the indicated holes, after inserting the tips into them and sat wasp pressure working fluid from the rod end of the hydraulic cylinders nagruzhateley move, under its own weight and the latter corresponding to the force exerted by springs decompress while contacting with their ceilings vysheupominavshihsya samonevypadayuschih limiter pin-type;

- installation opposite, at least two, diametrically opposite, of the four finger stops mentioned above, in the threaded holes of the patch strips, one electronic indicator with an electrical output signal that records the presence of the loaders in the highest position, or their absence there;

- installation of each of the electric energy storage devices on the traverses of the fastening-drive modules of removable pedestals of the pedestal type having the same height attached to the top to the mounting flanges;

- supplying the hydraulic system with a backup power supply circuit for the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders and the drive of the clamps for locking them in the highest position with a working fluid, made in the form of a semitrailer of an autonomous pump station located on the front platform of the cargo platform with its own tank and connected to the specified system in parallel with another pump such the pump, as well as the electric motor driving it, connected to the onboard power supply;

- the performance of both of the hydraulic pumps is adjustable with individual check valves installed at their outputs;

- the execution of the tanks of both power circuits included in the mounting-drive modules of the hydraulic cylinders in the form of closed tanks, the compartments for the drain and suction pipes in which are spatially separated from each other by separation from each other by two vertically oriented perforated partitions having a length in this direction of at least two-thirds of the height of the minimum level of the working fluid poured into them;

- sequential integration into the total pressure line of the hydraulic system, behind the check valves installed at the outlet of the pumps, a pressure filter and a normally open on-off electro-hydraulic distributor for switching the system operating modes, communicating the outputs of the pumps with a drain line;

- installation of a switchover of the hydraulic system operating modes behind the indicated distributor in the pressure line branches leading to the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinders of two three-position electro-hydraulic distributors identical in design, one of which serves as a pilot for remote movement of the spools of two, main and auxiliary, three-position hydraulic distributors, of the same design with parallelized control lines providing the necessary switching of flows above liquid during the operation of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, and the other for remote control of the hydraulic cylinders of the drive for locking the loaders, and a pressure valve is installed directly in front of it in the pressure line, a check valve is installed in front of the main hydraulic distributor, immediately after the indicated distributor there is a liquid pressure meter and safety valve, the inlet of which is in communication with the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, and the outlet is from hydrochloric backbone, for auxiliary hydraulic distributor installed a pressure switch with electrical output signal and the safety valve, the output of which communicates with the piston chamber of the same hydraulic cylinders and through the first, of the just mentioned, the safety valve - with the drain line;

- the execution of the spools included in the hydraulic system of electro-hydraulic distributors with a spring return to their original position after removing the control current from the drive electromagnets;

- grouping structurally all of the above electro-hydraulic equipment, with the exception of the check valves installed at the pump outputs, into a separately assembled unit located next to the pump station;

- supply of hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders with individual throttle washers of the required passage section built into their rod lines;

- supplying the hydraulic cylinders of the drive for locking the load loaders in the highest position to the individual hydraulic locks and throttle washers of the required bore, sequentially integrated in their piston lines with the message of the control cavities of the hydraulic locks with the rod lines of these cylinders;

- implementation of hydraulic connecting lines of the hydraulic system in the form of a set laid along the shortest routes, with discrete fastening in place on the metal structure of the semitrailer's loading platform and the equipment placed on it, rigid pipelines and compensation inserts joined from them with flexible hoses, providing the necessary convenience and ease of installation and dismantling;

- equipping the above-mentioned onboard power supply with a remotely controlled internal combustion engine used to drive its generator;

- placing the aforementioned onboard power supply on the front platform of the cargo platform of the semitrailer near the pump station and the block of electro-hydraulic equipment;

- additional inclusion in the composition of the control system built on a microprocessor-based on-board electronic unit and a remote control panel for the operation of the hydraulic system, equipped with an output electrical connector for connection to the on-board power supply, two on / off toggle switches, one of which is designed to activate the main or backup power circuits of hydraulic cylinders with working fluid, and the second - to switch operating modes "maintenance - hydraulic system operation", two start buttons , one of which serves to control the lowering of the loaders, and the other to control their rise, and the corresponding light signal indicators made in the form of two-color LEDs that monitor the processes of lowering, lifting, the end positions of the loaders and the readings of the pressure switch built into the hydraulic system, as well as the corresponding electrical wiring necessary for pairing this remote control, the indicated electronic unit, which is part of the hydraulic system of electrical equipment, control equipment and an onboard power supply;

- placement of both control system consoles in the cabin of the towing tractor, and the on-board electronic unit with the corresponding switching modules, terminal blocks, relay equipment and an internal current source - in the control cabinet located on the front platform of the semitrailer.

Matching in the prototype and the claimed invention are the first six of the essential features listed in this list, and the rest are distinctive.

Moreover, all of these distinguishing features are significant, since each of them accordingly (to one degree or another) affects the technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed invention, i.e. are in a causal relationship with him.

The nature of this influence, with respect to each of the distinguishing features, is discussed in detail below in the text when explaining the essence of the claimed invention.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

Figure 1 - General view of the automobile semitrailer of the inventive installation with seismic equipment located on its cargo platform (Electrodynamic loaders are lifted from the ground surface and locked in their highest position. The supporting legs of the semitrailer are lowered to the ground.);

Figure 2 - General view of the automobile semitrailer of the inventive installation with seismic equipment placed on its cargo platform (Electrodynamic loaders lowered to the ground.);

Figure 3 - Top view A (see figure 1) on the semitrailer of the inventive installation with seismic equipment placed on its cargo platform;

спереди, слева по ходу движения. Электродинамические нагружатели подняты с поверхности грунта и застопорены в крайнем верхнем положении. Размещаемое на передней площадке платформы полуприцепа оборудование условно не показано.);Figure 4 - General view of the automobile semitrailer of the inventive installation with seismic equipment placed on its cargo platform (Axonometric projection in perspective

front, left in the direction of travel. Electrodynamic loaders are lifted from the soil surface and locked in their highest position. Equipment placed on the front platform of the semitrailer platform is conditionally not shown.);

сзади, слева по ходу движения. Электродинамические нагружатели расстопорены и опускаются на грунт. Размещаемое на передней площадке платформы полуприцепа оборудование условно не показано.);Figure 5 - General view of the automobile semitrailer of the inventive installation with seismic equipment placed on its cargo platform (Axonometric projection in perspective

back, left in the direction of travel. Electrodynamic loaders open and lower to the ground. Equipment placed on the front platform of the semitrailer platform is conditionally not shown.);

Figure 6 - Cross section BB (see figure 1) of the semitrailer in the plane of one of the electrodynamic loaders (the Loader is raised to its highest position and locked there.);

In Fig.7 - Front view B (see Fig.2) of the semitrailer with seismic equipment placed on its cargo platform. (Electrodynamic loaders are lowered to the ground. The supporting legs of the semitrailer and the equipment placed on the front platform of its platform are conventionally not shown.);

On Fig - General view of the inventive installation in the transport position (B1 and H1 - respectively, the tank and pump of the main power circuit of the hydraulic system);

Figure 9 is a longitudinal section G-G (see figure 3) of the claimed installation at the installation site of one of the mounting-drive modules for lowering and lifting electrodynamic loaders on the spars of the frame of the cargo platform of the semitrailer (the loader is lifted from the ground surface and locked in the extreme top position.);

Figure 10 - Cross section DD (see figure 9) of the inventive installation at the location of the tie rods fastening the mounting-drive modules on the spinal spars of the cargo platform of the semitrailer;

Figure 11 is a General view of one of the four removable stands for electrical energy storage devices mounted on the flanges of the traverse mounting-drive modules (axonometric projection);

In Fig.12 is a longitudinal section EE (see Fig.6) of the inventive installation at the place of attaching the terminal end of the rod of one of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders to their eyes (C1 ... C12 - hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders. The electrodynamic loader is raised from the ground surface and locked in its highest position.);

On Fig - Top view from above (see Fig.9) on one of the mounting-drive modules mounted on the spinal spars of the cargo platform of the semitrailer;

On Fig - Longitudinal section II (see Fig.13) of the inventive installation at the location of one of the guide tubular pins, providing the necessary spatial orientation of the mounting-drive modules on the loading platform of the semitrailer;

On Fig - View To the bottom (see Fig.9) on one of the overhead brackets for mounting the mounting-drive modules on the loading platform of the semitrailer;

In Fig.16 is a longitudinal section LL (see Fig.15) of the inventive installation at the location of one of the limiters of movement of the loaders in the highest position (the loader is brought down. The spring of the limiter is unclenched. The limiter is fully released to the outside.);

In Fig. 17 is a side view M (see Fig. 12) on the node for connecting the terminal end of the rod of one of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders to their eyes (C1 ... C12 - hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders. The electrodynamic loader is located on the ground surface. The spring of the loader The attachment axis of the connector is located in the center of the rectangular hole in the loader eye.);

In Fig.18 is a Cross-section HN (see Fig. 12) of the shank of one of the stepped cylindrical axes used to couple the end connectors of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders to move the loaders to the eyes of the latter in the area of the ear of the two-forked plug.);

On Fig - Side view (see Fig.3) on the front platform of the cargo platform of the semitrailer with equipment placed on it (The support legs of the semitrailer are not shown conventionally.);

On Fig - Top view P (see Fig. 19) on the front platform of the cargo platform of the semitrailer with equipment located on it (B2 and H2 - respectively, the tank and the pump of the hydraulic power backup circuit; KR - pressure reducing valve; P1 - main three-position hydraulic distributor; P2 - auxiliary three-position hydraulic distributor; P3 - three-position electro-hydraulic distributor - pilot controlling distributors P1 and P2; P4 - three-position electro-hydraulic distributor; P5 - two-position electro hydraulic distributor);

In Fig.21 - Front view P (see, Fig.20) of a stand-alone pumping station of a backup power supply circuit of hydraulic cylinders for moving electrodynamic loaders and drive clamps for locking them in the highest position with a working fluid (Axonometric projection. B2 and H2 - respectively, a tank and a backup pump hydraulic circuit);

In Fig.22 - Cross section CC (see Fig.12) of the inventive installation at the location of one of the hook-shaped hooks of the clamps for locking the loaders in the highest position;

In Fig.23 is a General view of an automobile semitrailer included in the inventive installation;

In Fig.24 is a Top view of T (see Fig.23) on an automobile semi-trailer;

In Fig.25 is a rear view of U (see Fig.23) on an automobile semi-trailer;

спереди, слева по ходу движения.);On Fig - General view of an automobile semi-trailer (Axonometric projection in perspective

front, left in the direction of travel.);

сзади, справа по ходу движения.);On Fig - General view of an automobile semi-trailer (Axonometric projection in perspective

behind, on the right in the direction of travel.);

On Fig - General view of the electrodynamic loader (Axonometric projection);

In Fig.29 - Remote element F (see Fig.28) with an enlarged fragment of the opened central part of the design of the electrodynamic loader;

On Fig - Remote element X (see Fig.28) with an enlarged fragment of the design of the electrodynamic loader, explaining the features of the design of its eyes, used to dock to them the end connectors of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders of the loader;

On Fig - General view of the mounting-drive module used for lowering to the ground and lifting from it a single electrodynamic loader, as well as locking the latter in the highest position (C1, C2 - hydraulic cylinders for moving the loader; C13, C14 - hydraulic cylinders for locking retainer loader);

In Fig. 32 is a longitudinal section of a C-C (see Fig. 33) of the mounting-drive module (C1, C2 are the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loader; C13, C14 are the hydraulic cylinders for the drive of the locking devices for the loader);

In Fig.33 is a side view of W (see Fig.31) on the mounting-drive module (Ts1, Ts13 - hydraulic cylinders, respectively, of the movement of the loader and the drive of the lock latch);

In Fig.34 is a transverse section Shch-Shch (see Fig.32) of the mounting-drive module in the plane of the transverse cylindrical supports of its crosshead;

In Fig.35 is a Cross-section E-E (see Fig.33) of the detachable cylindrical support of the yoke of the mounting-drive module with a hydraulic cylinder for moving the electrodynamic loader rigidly fixed therein (C1 is a hydraulic cylinder for moving the loader);

In Fig.36 is a Cross section S-S (see Fig.31) of the detachable cylindrical support of the traverse of the mounting-drive module with a hydraulic cylinder for moving the electrodynamic loader rigidly fixed therein (C1 is a hydraulic cylinder for moving the loader);

In Fig.37 is a cross section Ya-I (see Fig.32) of the mounting-drive module in the plane of the drive hydraulic cylinder of one of its clamps used to lock the loaders in the highest position (C13 is the hydraulic cylinder of the drive lock retainer loader);

In Fig.38 is a General view of the mounting-drive module (axonometric projection) (C1, C2 - hydraulic cylinders for moving the loader; C14 - hydraulic cylinder for the drive lock retainer of the loader);

In Fig.39 is a General view of the yoke included in the mounting-drive module;

On Fig - Side view A ₁ (see Fig. 39) on the yoke;

On Fig - View B ₁ from above (see Fig. 39) on the beam;

On Fig - General view of the rotary detachable support of the traverse (axonometric projection);

In Fig. 43 is a Top view of B ₁ (see Fig. 42) on the rotary split support of the traverse;

On Fig - General view of the traverse (axonometric projection. Rotary detachable bearing and removable half-housing non-rotary detachable bearings conditionally undocked - not shown);

On Fig - General view of one of the latches used to lock the loaders in the highest position;

On Fig - Cross section G ₁ -G ₁ (see Fig.45) retainer;

In Fig. 47 is a longitudinal section D ₁ -D ₁ (see Fig. 46) of the retainer;

On Fig - Cross section E ₁ -E ₁ (see Fig. 47) of one of the hook-shaped hooks of the retainer at the place of welding to it are transverse to a round profile;

On Fig - General view of the mounting-drive module with raised on its traverse electrodynamic loader;

In Fig. 50 - Top view of J ₁ (see Fig. 49) on the mounting-drive module with the electrodynamic loader raised on its crosshead;

On Fig - General view of the stepped cylindrical axis used to dock the end connectors of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders of the movement of electrodynamic loaders to their eyes;

On Fig - View And ₁ (see Fig. 51) on one of the ends of the stepped cylindrical axis;

On Fig - General view of one of the pinch bushings, worn on the shanks of the stepped cylindrical axis;

On Fig - View K ₁ on the right (see Fig. 53) on the pinch sleeve;

On Fig - General view of the compression sleeve (axonometric projection);

On Fig - General view of a two-fork forks, suspended at the ends of the compression sleeve (orthogonal projection);

On Fig - General view of a two-forked fork (axonometric projection);

In Fig. 58 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic system of the claimed installation (Idle state. B1 and B2 are the tanks of the main and backup power supply circuits of the hydraulic system, respectively; Гз1 ... Гз12 - hydraulic locks; Др1 ... Др24 - throttle washers; KO1, KO2 - valves return; KP1 ... KP3 - safety valves; КР - pressure reducing valve; МН - pressure gauge; H1 and Н2 - pumps, respectively, of the main and backup power supply circuits of the hydraulic system; НР2 - manual pump; F1 - filling filter; F2 - drain filter; F3 - pressure filter; Ts1 ... Ts24 - hydroc cylinders; P1 - main three-position hydraulic distributor; P2 - auxiliary three-position hydraulic distributor; P3 - three-position electro-hydraulic distributor - pilot controlling valves P1 and P2; P4 - three-position electro-hydraulic distributor; P5 - two-position electro-hydraulic distributor; RD - pressure switch);

In Fig.59 - The remote element L ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (the slide valve of the on-off electro-hydraulic distributor P5 for switching the system operating modes is moved up, thereby ensuring the isolation of the pressure and drain lines);

On Fig. 60 - Remote element M ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (the spool of the three-position electro-hydraulic distributor - pilot P3 is moved up, thereby providing a supply of working fluid from the pumps H1 or H2 to the spools of the main three-position hydraulic distributor P1 from above, and auxiliary P2 - from below);

On Fig - Remote element H ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (the spool of the main three-position hydraulic distributor P1 is turned down, thereby ensuring the passage of the working fluid from the pumps H1 or H2 to the spools of the auxiliary distributor P2 and the message of the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... Ts12 moving electrodynamic loaders with a drain line);

In Fig.62 - Remote element O ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (the spool of the auxiliary three-position hydraulic distributor P2 is moved upwards, thereby ensuring the passage of the working fluid from the pumps H1 or H2 into the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... Ts12 moving electrodynamic loaders);

In Fig. 63 - The portable element P ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (the spool of the three-position electro-hydraulic distributor P4 is moved upwards, thereby providing a supply of working fluid from the pumps H1 or H2 to the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders C13 ... Ts24 of the locking retainer drive electrodynamic loaders and control cavities of hydraulic locks Гз1 ... Гз12, as well as its removal from the piston cavities of these cylinders to the drain line);

In Fig.64 - Remote element M ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (spool of a three-position electro-hydraulic distributor - pilot P3 is turned down, thereby providing a supply of working fluid from pumps H1 or H2 to the spools of the main three-position hydraulic distributor P1 from below, and auxiliary P2 - from above);

On Fig - Remote element H ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (the main spool of the main three-position hydraulic distributor P1 is moved up, thereby ensuring the passage of the working fluid from the pumps H1 or H2 into the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... Ts12 moving electrodynamic loaders);

On Fig - Remote control element O ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (the spool of the auxiliary three-position hydraulic distributor P2 is turned down, thereby ensuring the removal of the working fluid from the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 of the movement of electrodynamic loaders in their piston cavities );

On Fig - Remote control element P ₁ (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic circuit (the spool of the three-position electro-hydraulic distributor P4 is turned down, thereby providing a supply of working fluid from the pumps H1 or H2 into the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders C13 ... Ts24 of the locking retainer drive electrodynamic loaders and its removal from their rod cavities to the drain line);

On Fig - Side view P ₁ (see Fig.20) on the block of electro-hydraulic equipment of the hydraulic system (axonometric projection);

On Fig - General view of the tanks B1, B2 of the hydraulic system;

On Fig - Remote element C ₁ (see Fig) with a General view of the control panel of the work of electrodynamic loaders;

On Fig - Remote control element T ₁ (see Fig. 8) with a general view of the hydraulic control panel of the inventive installation (GS - hydraulic system; K1 - start button for lowering the loaders; K2 - start button for lifting the loaders; SD1 ... SD9 - LEDs ; T1 - toggle switch for switching power supply circuits of the hydraulic system; T2 - toggle switch for switching operating modes of the hydraulic system; TO - maintenance);

On Fig - Recording the readings of the accelerometer of the electrodynamic loader when striking the surface of the soil (a - shock acceleration; g - acceleration of gravity, m / s ² ; t - current time, in milliseconds).

Structurally, the inventive mobile installation for exciting seismic waves by means of a corresponding impact on the surface of the soil 1 contains (see Figs. 1-72) a vehicle 2 with or without a removable awning 3, a cargo platform 4 of a frame type, placed on the platform, with the possibility of lowering to the ground and lifting from it, as well as locking in the highest position, electrodynamic loaders 5 pulsed action connected to them by current conductors (not shown) and charged from the onboard source power supply 6 accumulators of electric energy 7 capacitive type, discharged at the end of charging the windings of the inductors 8 electromagnetic actuators 9 loaders, hydraulic system 10, which includes hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 moving the loaders, the sleeves 11 of which are suspended on a rigidly mounted on the platform, with elevation above the loaders, traverses 12, and the end connectors 13 of their rods 14 are docked with the help of cylindrical axes 15 to the eyes 16 of the loaders, used from the power take-off 17 the gatel (not shown) of the vehicle pump H1, tank B1 with the working fluid, the corresponding distribution, protective and safety and regulatory equipment with hydraulic connecting lines and a control system that includes a remote control 18 for controlling the operation of the loaders with the appropriate software, receiving and command and control and recording equipment, as well as communications, an autonomous battery-type power supply and the necessary connecting cables.

The specified remote control 18 (see Fig. 70) is a central part of the control system of the inventive installation. It provides software control for charging all or any of the drives 7 of electric energy separately. In this case, the “Start” command, by which the aforementioned drives 7 are discharged, is fed to their power circuits directly from the remote control 18 (by pressing the “Hit” button or using external radio control with the seismic station participating in the ongoing work, remotely transmitting the necessary start-up program of electrodynamic loaders of the claimed installation). If necessary, it also provides emergency shutdown control from the onboard power supply 6 of all seismic equipment of the installation.

The vehicle 2 of the claimed installation (see Fig. 8, 23-27) is made in the form of an automobile semitrailer 20 towed by a tractor 19. The frame 21 of the cargo platform 4 of the semitrailer 20 is formed of two parallel spinal and outward, for their outer contours, side spars 22, 23 and 24, 25, respectively, of the I-beam and channel sections, connected to each other by crossbars 26, with the formation between the latter in its middle part of several, according to the number of loaders 5, following one after another with an coaxial arrangement above them, with Fuss apertures 27 of identical configurations.

The gaps remaining on both sides of the indicated openings 27, in the front and tail zones, are closed by flat welded floorings 28, with the formation of corresponding sites 29, 30 there.

The semi-trailer 20 is equipped with a front-mounted socket for mounting the pin 31 of the fifth wheel coupling 32 and two support legs 33 of the telescopic type, as well as lifting ladders (not shown) for access for service personnel to the loading platform 4 and lowering it from there, with the working and parking brake systems ( not shown), respectively, with pneumatic and mechanical drives, contour and signal lights 34, 35, the corresponding on-board wiring connected to the electrical system of the towing tractor 19, and fixed security buffer 36 on the rear of the cargo platform frame.

The semitrailer of the claimed installation is extremely simple in execution, convenient and safe to operate. Thanks to the laconic form and harmony of lines, its appearance completely meets the requirements of modern design.

The rear safety buffer of the semitrailer provides reliable protection of the signal devices (lights) located there, and the side spars of the cargo platform frame solve the same problem only with respect to the electrodynamic loaders and their suspension elements placed on it, serving as an appropriate barrier type for them.

In the manufacture of the number of the above-mentioned through-openings in the middle part of its frame may vary, depending on the number of electrodynamic loaders located there, from one to several, for example, six pieces. In this case, for each of these modifications of the semi-trailer, the overall length of its cargo platform will naturally change accordingly.

Used for docking to the loaders 5 end connectors 13 rods 14 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12 their movement of the eyelet 16 (see Fig. 28, 30) are made in the form of two pairs of vertically oriented plates spaced apart and centrally located on the sides of the loaders with coaxial holes 37 developed in height in them of a rectangular configuration, welded outside to the ceiling 38 of the case 39 of the loaders with reinforcement on the back side by a power wall 40, in which on both sides of these plates are cut into through holes 41 of the same as holes 37 in the profile plates.

The reinforcement of the eyes with a power wall gives them the necessary strength, and the selected number and layout of them allows to halve the level of the loaders acting in the metal structure, in the zones of welding of welders to the ceiling, stresses by distributing the mass of each of them to two suspension points and to ensure the stability of the spatial position of the movable loaders with the exception of the possibility of their collision with each other and the metal structure of the semitrailer.

Hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 for moving the loaders 5, traverses 12 of the suspension of their sleeves 11, as well as the latches 42 for locking the loaders in the highest position, are schematically grouped (see Figs. 31-38) into separately assembled, one on a loader, single mounting drive modules 43 of identical design.

Each of these modules 43 includes one traverse 12 and two hydraulic cylinders C1 and C2 ... C11 and C12 and a latch 42, respectively, for moving and locking the loader 5, located on it.

The traverses 12 (see Figs. 39-44) of each of the mounting-drive modules 43 are made in the form of a corresponding beam equipped with lateral connecting flanges 44 and two pairs placed at its ends located above the spars 22, 23 of the frame 21 of the cargo platform 4 of the semitrailer 20 and two transverse and vertically oriented hollow cylindrical supports 45, 46 and 47, 48, respectively, one-piece and detachable versions, as well as covering the latter on the outer contour of the end flat-parallel eyes 49 with round through holes 50 in them. In this case, one of the vertical supports 47 is fixed to the beam (traverse) 12 motionless, and the other 48 with the possibility of a relatively small rotation in the plane of the latter. Suspension of the liners 11 of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 for moving the loaders 5 on the crossarm 12 of the mounting-drive module 43 is made (see Figs. 31-36, 38) by entering the cylindrical necks 51 formed on their outer surface into its detachable supports 47, 48, based on the inner diameter 52 and the ends 53 of the latter, and the mutual tightening of the half-shells 54, 55 supports using the corresponding fasteners 56, 57.

The latches 42 used to lock the loaders 5 in their highest position are made (see Figs. 6, 7, 12, 22, 31-34, 37, 38, 45-50) in the form of articulated traverses suspended on transverse supports 45, 46 12 mounting-drive modules 43 cylindrical axes 58 spatially developed grips, each of which is formed of two spaced apart and rigidly fastened to each other by means of welded cross-members 59, 60, flat hook-shaped hooks 61, ending with wedge-shaped tips 62, introduced when locking the loadersrectangular holes 41 of the eyelets 16 of the reinforcing walls 40 that are reinforced by them and which are removed from there by means of the corresponding hydraulic cylinders Ts13 ... Ts24, end connectors 63, 64 of sleeves 65 and rods 66 of which are articulated with the end eyes 49 fixed in the holes 50 and 67, respectively the traverse 12 and the bushings 68 coaxially welded into the hooks of the sleeves with cylindrical axes 69 and 70.

These modules are fully assembled from composite fragments of block execution. The layout and metal construction of these fragments are deeply rational. Mounting and drive modules of this design have a well-developed installation and connection base and perfect kinematics. The height of each of the traverse modules is extremely small compared to the prototype. The implementation of one of the detachable supports of the traverse with the possibility of self-installation along the load line applied to the end connector of the rod of the loading hydraulic cylinder attached to it provides the parallelism of the axes of this and the other of the hydraulic cylinders of the module for the same purpose for normal operation. As a result of this relatively simple technical solution during the operation of the mounting-drive modules, it is possible to completely exclude the possibility of bending and jamming of the rods in the cylinder liners of these cylinders for this reason (due to the parallel axis).

As already noted above, the suspension scheme of each of the loaders on the end connectors of the rods of the two hydraulic cylinders for their movement, implemented in the design of these modules, provides the necessary stability of the spatial position of the latter with the exception of the possibility of mutual collision with each other and the metal structure of the semitrailer when lowering them to the ground and lifting from it.

The clamps for locking the loaders used in the fastener-drive modules in the highest position have a sufficiently large transverse dimension of the working base ending with wedge-shaped tips of hook-shaped hooks, due to which they provide the necessary stability of the loaders in the indicated position and the reliability of their locking. The drive type selected for the module clamps undoubtedly contributes to a considerable degree to increase the reliability of locking the loaders in the highest position. Obviously, for this kind of mechanisms, a hydraulic drive is preferable to that used in a number of known pneumatic analogs for this purpose.

Thanks to the technical solutions incorporated in the design of the mounting-drive modules, it has high weight perfection, is reliable in operation and is convenient in operation. The shapes of these modules are perfect, and the lines are distinguished by their harmony and grace. In this regard, they look quite original and compact and fully satisfy the requirements of modern design imposed in relation to the design of such products.

Used for connecting the end connectors 13 of the rods 14 of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 the movement of the loaders 5 to the eyes of the last 16 cylindrical axes 15 are made (see Fig. 12, 17, 18, 51-55) stepped, with a thickened central part 71, mated through an articulated bearing 72 with a rod end connector, and smaller end steps 73, on the shanks of which 74 are fitted the 37 loader eyes passing inward through the rectangular openings, based on their side walls 75, 76, and the tail bolted to the ends of the bolts 77 wikis, with emphasis in the spacer rings 78 axial locking of the hinge bearing, and the possibility of a plane-parallel movement in said openings, biasing the sleeve 79 square in cross section, on the outer side, profile.

At the ends of the compression sleeves 79 facing the spacer rings 78, with the exception of rotation, a two-pronged fork 80 is suspended (see FIGS. 6, 12, 56, 57), closed through compression spring 81 to the ceiling 38 of the loader 5. the unloaded spring 81, the cylindrical axis 15 is located at equal distance (see Fig. 17) from the upper and lower shelves 82, 83 of the rectangular holes 37 of the aforementioned eyes 16 of the loaders 5, and when it is pressed halfway, in the lowermost position registered at this area in the corresponding landing nest 84 od one of the eyes with an electronic indicator 85 with an output electrical signal.

Features of the performance of the indicated axes and their kinematic coupling with the end connectors of the rods of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders and the eyes of the latter provide the necessary mechanical isolation between the mating links. This decoupling allows the loaders to deviate, to the extent possible, from the vertical when landing them on the surface of uneven soil and is especially necessary at the moments of striking it, to prevent the transfer of the dynamic loads that arise from this to the cargo platform of the semitrailer and the equipment placed on it. At the same time, it is very convenient for the operator of the claimed installation to have the corresponding electronic indicators available in the zone under consideration with an electric output signal that remotely notify him of the facts of the presence of the loaders on the soil surface, the corresponding pressing them to it and the presence of the aforementioned isolation.

Each of the mounting-drive modules 43 is placed (see Figs. 1, 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 13-15) in the area of the semi-trailer 20 of the openings 27 made in the cargo platform 4 with the mounting flanges 44 of the traverse 12 on the upper shelves 86 spinal spars 22, 23 of its frame 21, with a spatial orientation using guide tubes 88 of a tubular configuration welded to the last inner seam 87, which are mated when the module fits into place with the corresponding holes 89 in the aforementioned flanges and rigidly fixed by passing through the connecting aperture 90 in the flanges and installed opposite them, adjacent to the lower flanges 91 of the indicated spars, overhead slats 92, and covering the spars on both sides of the tie rods 93 of the corresponding length, as well as the compression and lock nuts 94, 95. Moreover, in each of the invoices strips 92 are formed (see Figs. 9, 15, 16) vertically oriented sockets 96, in which are placed, with an exit to the outside and downward orientation, one self-falling spring-loaded stopper 97, finger-type, identical in design and size, moving on ruzhatelya 5 when it is being raised in the uppermost position. On the supporting surfaces 98 of the wedge-shaped tips 62 of the hook-shaped hooks 61 of the fastening-drive modules 43 of the latches 42, the loaders 5 are locked in their highest position (see Figs. 12, 22, 30, 45, 47) local recesses 99, the width of which is equivalent , with the provision of the necessary side gaps 100, the thickness of the reinforcing eyes 16 of the load cells of the power walls 40, in the area of location in the last rectangular inlet holes 41 for the tips of the hooks used for landing on their bottom 101 upper shelves 102 of these holes, after inserting the tips into them and depressurizing the working fluid from the rod cavities 103 (see Fig. 58) of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 moving the loaders, under the action of their own weight, the latter and the corresponding forces developed by the expanding springs 104 in contact with them ceilings 38 of the aforementioned self-capturing limiters 97 of the finger type. On the contrary, at least two diametrically opposite of the four finger stops 97 of the movement of the loaders 5 in the threaded holes 105 of the laths 92 are installed one individual electronic indicator 106 with an electrical output signal recording the fact of the presence of the loaders in the highest position or their absence there .

Implemented in the case under consideration, the longitudinal arrangement of the mounting-drive modules and electrodynamic loaders is preferable to that used in the prototype and a number of other known transverse analogues. In contrast to the transverse, with the longitudinal layout, the location of the loaders and the whole complex of special and technological equipment ensuring their operation is ensured within the transverse transport dimension normalized for automotive vehicles.

The fastening of these modules on the loading platform is extremely simple, reliable and, in practice, does not require any modification of it, with the exception of welding to the upper shelves of the spinal spars of the frame of tubular guide pins. The presence of such pins ensures the uniqueness of the spatial orientation of each of the mounting-drive modules on the cargo platform of the semi-trailer and is very convenient when re-installing them in place after dismantling.

The spring-loaded load limiters available in the module attachment points allow the latter to be stopped when lifting in a strictly fixed position - opposite the entry holes in the power walls of their eyes under the wedge-shaped tips of hook-shaped hooks used to lock the loaders to be inserted into them, and then put them on the upper shelves of these holes on a bottom made on the supporting surfaces of the aforementioned recess tips. The specified technical solution is very original and, practically, completely eliminates the possibility of loaders slipping from obliquely positioned, downward-facing, supporting surfaces of the wedge-shaped tips of the retainer hooks when towing the inventive installation.

At the same time, for the operator, as in the case mentioned above, is the presence of the corresponding electronic indicators in the zone under consideration with an electric output signal that remotely notifies him of the facts of the presence of the loaders in the highest position and their lock or absence there.

Each of the electric energy storage devices 7 is mounted (see FIGS. 1 ÷ 9, 11, 13) on a traverse 12 mounted on top of the connecting flanges 44 of the mounting-drive modules 43 of the removable pedestals 107 of the pedestal type having the same height.

This drive layout is extremely simple and has its very definite advantages. It allows you to place drives on mounting-drive modules, i.e. directly above the loaders. In this case, the installation and dismantling of drives does not present any difficulties. Due to the fact that at the moment of striking the ground surface, the loaders and the loading platform of the semitrailer with the equipment located on it are mechanically isolated from each other and the latter, in practice, are not affected by the dynamic loads that are realized, then in the same, in fact, position are also energy storage devices, i.e. and they are not exposed to the indicated loads.

The hydraulic system 10 (see Fig. 58) of the inventive installation is equipped with a redundant power circuit 108 of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C24 of movement of the loaders 5 and the drive of the clamps 42 to lock them in the highest position with the working fluid. The specified power circuit 108 is made (see Fig. 19-21) in the form of a semitrailer 20 of an autonomous pump station 109 located on the front platform 29 of a cargo platform 4 with its own tank B2 and a pump H1 connected to the hydraulic system 10 in parallel with another same pump H2, as well as driving it with an electric motor 110 connected to an on-board power supply 6.

The indicated feature of the hydraulic system of the inventive mobile unit is determined by the possibility of failure of its main pump H1, as well as the power take-off of the towing tractor 17 or the use of towing means for towing a semi-trailer, which do not contain such boxes.

Tanks B1 and B2 of both power circuits included in the mounting-drive modules 43 of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C24 of the hydraulic system 10 are made (see Fig. 69) in the form of closed tanks, compartments 111 and 112 of the location of the drain and suction pipes 113 and 114 in which spatially separated from each other with separation from each other by two vertically oriented perforated partitions 115, 116, having a length in this direction of at least two-thirds of the height of the minimum level of the working fluid poured into them.

The remoteness of these tank compartments from each other, as well as the presence of corresponding perforated partitions between them, ensuring a uniform flow rate of the working fluid along their lower part, greatly facilitates the separation of air bubbles from it and the settling of “dirt” particles to the bottom.

Both of the aforementioned pumps H1 and H2 of the hydraulic system 10 (see Fig. 58) are adjustable with individual check valves KO1 installed at their outputs.

The necessary limitation of the minimum volume of the working chambers of these pumps is carried out by the corresponding inclination of their cylinder blocks relative to the output shaft using the adjusting screw (the listed elements are not shown).

The inventive installation implements electrodiscrete regulation of hydraulic pumps H1 and H2, in which the necessary change in the operation mode of these pumps is carried out by discrete variation of their working volume, causing a corresponding change in the flow rate of the fluid supplied by them. When the actuators of the hydraulic system stop, such pumps are unloaded at a flow rate, switching practically to a zero working volume, which can significantly improve the energy parameters of the hydraulic system.

Behind the indicated check valves, a pressure filter Ф3 and a normally open two-position electro-hydraulic distributor P5 for switching the system operating modes, communicating the outputs of pumps H1 and H2 with a drain pipe 118, are sequentially built into the common pressure line 117 of the hydraulic system 10.

The presence in the pressure line of the filter for cleaning the working fluid can significantly reduce the degree of contamination of its various kinds of mechanical impurities (particles) and, in this regard, minimize wear and the probability of jamming of precision friction pairs in hydraulic cylinders, pumps, distribution and hydraulic valve equipment.

A two-position electro-hydraulic distributor installed behind the pressure filter provides, if necessary, an appropriately programmed message or disconnection between the pressure and drain lines of the hydraulic system. At the same time, the pressure of the injected fluid develops in the pressure line, which corresponds to the idle mode of operation of the pumps H1, H2 or to the worker.

Behind the electrohydraulic distributor P5, in the branches of the pressure lines 117 that go to the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... Ts12 and Ts13 ... Ts24 mentioned above, two three-position electrohydraulic distributors P3 and P4 are identical in design. One of these valves P3 serves as a pilot for remote movement of spools 119 of two, main and auxiliary, three-position hydraulic valves P1 and P2 of the same design with parallel control lines 120 and 121, which provide the necessary switching of the flows of the aforementioned liquid during the operation of hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12 loaders 5, and another distributor P4 - for remote control of the operation of hydraulic cylinders Ts13 ... Ts24 of the drive clamps 42 for locking the loaders. In this case, immediately before the last of the three-position electro-hydraulic distributor P4 just mentioned above, a pressure reducing valve КР is integrated in the pressure line 117, which maintains the necessary pressure of the working fluid in the supply lines of hydraulic cylinders Ts13 ... Ts24 of the drive of the latches 42 for locking the loaders 5 in the highest position. The presence of such a valve greatly facilitates the solution of the problem of adapting these cylinders to the hydraulic system of the inventive installation if they are purchased on the market or used from other machines.

A check valve KO2 is installed in front of the main hydraulic distributor P1, and immediately after the indicated distributor there is a pressure measuring device MN of the liquid of the indicating type and a safety valve KP3, the inlet of which is connected to the piston cavities 122 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12 for moving the loaders 5, and the outlet - with a drain Highway 118.

Behind the auxiliary hydraulic distributor P2, a pressure relay RD with an electrical output signal and a safety valve KP2 are installed in series, the output of which is connected to the piston cavities 122 of the same hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 and through the first of the above-mentioned safety valves KP3 with a drain line 118.

The pressure meter MN and the pressure switch RD are used mainly when setting the safety valves KP2 and KP3 located behind them for visual control of the pressure of the working fluid in the corresponding lines.

In addition, the RD pressure switch records the facts of the absence or presence of working pressure in the rod supply lines of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 of the movement of the loaders 5 when the latter are lowered to the ground with a corresponding notification to the control system and the installation operator.

Safety valves KP2 and KP3 are only activated when lowering the loaders. The purpose and features of their functioning are discussed below in the text, when describing the operation of the claimed installation.

Structurally, all of the above electro-hydraulic equipment, with the exception of the KO1 check valves installed at the outputs of the H1 and H2 pumps, is grouped into a separately assembled unit 123 located next to the pump station 109. Installing such a unit in place is extremely simple and does not take much time.

At the exit from the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... Ts12 of moving electrodynamic loaders, throttle washers of the required passage section Dr1 ... Dr12 are installed, one for each of the hydraulic cylinders, which serve to ensure the necessary synchronization of the movement of the loaders.

The hydraulic cylinders Ts13 ... Ts24 of the drive of the clamps 42 for locking the loaders 5 in the highest position are equipped with the hydraulic locks Gz1 ... Gz12 and throttle washers Dr13 ... Dr24, the necessary passage section with the message of the control cavities 125 of the hydraulic locks with rod highways 126 of these cylinders.

The aforementioned throttle washers provide the necessary limitation of the flow rate and pressure of the working fluid, and hydraulic locks exclude the possibility of unauthorized unlocking of the clamps of the loaders when the latter are in the highest position.

The spools 119 of the electro-hydraulic distributors P3, P4 and P5 included in the hydraulic system 10 are designed to provide spring automatic return to their original position after removing the control current from the drive electromagnets 127, 128, which is very rational. The same return mechanism proper is also present in the spools 119 of the main and auxiliary hydraulic distributors P1 and P2.

The hydraulic connecting lines of the hydraulic system 10 are made in the form of a set laid along the shortest routes, with discrete fastening in place on the metal structure of the cargo platform of the semitrailer and the equipment placed on it, rigid pipelines and compensation inserts joined from them with flexible hoses, providing the necessary convenience and ease of installation and dismantling.

The indicated features of laying and securing hydraulic connecting lines allow minimizing the length and ordering their spatial arrangement and preserving the attractiveness of the appearance of the claimed installation.

In general, the hydraulic system of the claimed installation provides the necessary for the work of this type of performance of the relevant actuators and the safety of their implementation. It is quite simple and convenient to maintain and allows you to radically improve the working conditions of the operator, who can manage her work without leaving the tractor cab.

The on-board power supply 6 mentioned above is equipped with a remotely controlled internal combustion engine 129, used to drive its generator 130. The on-board power supply 6 is located spatially on the front platform 29 of the cargo platform 4 of the semi-trailer 20 near the pump station 109 and the unit 123 of the electro-hydraulic equipment of the hydraulic system 10.

This design of the onboard power supply provides it with complete autonomy. In connection with this circumstance, there is no need to select the power generator from the engine of the towing tractor necessary to drive the power generator included in it. Management of the specified power source is convenient for the operator and is easy to automate.

In principle, the layout of the equipment placed on the front platform of the cargo platform of the semitrailer may differ from that discussed above. However, even in this case it should be located, as far as possible, in the immediate vicinity of electrodynamic loaders and electric energy storage devices, providing convenient access to it, connecting and undocking the corresponding hydraulic lines and cables.

The structure of the control system of the inventive installation additionally includes (see FIGS. 3, 20, 71) an on-board electronic unit 131 and a remote control 132 for controlling the operation of the hydraulic system 10 built on a microprocessor element base, equipped with an output electrical connector 133 for connecting to the on-board electrical network, two on / off toggle switches T1, T2, one of which is designed to activate the main or backup circuits (pumps H1 and H2) for supplying the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts24 with a working fluid, and the second - for switching operating modes Maintenance - the operation of the hydraulic system ", with two start buttons K1, K2, one of which serves to control the lowering of the loaders 5, and the other to control their lifting, and the corresponding light signal indicators made in the form of two-color LEDs СД1 ... СД9, controlling the processes of lowering, lifting, end positions of the loaders and the readings of the RD pressure switch integrated in the hydraulic system 10, as well as the corresponding wiring necessary to interconnect this console, the above-mentioned electronic 6th unit and on-board power supply 6.

In the manufacture of an additional remote control, the appearance, nomenclature, and the number of filling elements (buttons, toggle switches, symbols), etc., located on its front and side panels, can be modified, of course, without affecting operation. For example, instead of two toggle switches T1, T2 for for the same purposes, one can be used, but only multi-position.

Both panels 18 and 132 of the control system are located (see Fig. 8) in the cab 134 of the towing tractor 19, and the on-board electronic unit 131 with the corresponding switching modules, terminal blocks, relay equipment and an internal current source (the listed elements are not shown) - located in the front platform 29 of the cargo platform 4 of the semitrailer 20 of the control cabinet 135 (see FIGS. 3, 19, 20).

Implemented in the inventive installation, the control system is extremely effective. In general, it, like the hydraulic system, is built on a modern base element base and relevant technical solutions that provide the necessary efficiency, safety and ease of management of the claimed installation.

The claimed installation is delivered to the place of seismic exploration (see Fig. 8) by a towing tractor 19. Moreover, during its towing, electrodynamic loaders 5 are (see Figs. 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12) in the raised position. position and are locked with latches 42.

At the place of work, maneuvering the tractor 19, they provide the necessary orientation of the semitrailer 20 and brake the latter with the parking brake, put the wheel chocks in its composition and lower the paws 33 onto the ground surface 1.

After that, they include (see Fig. 8) a power take-off box 17 from the tractor engine 19, if any, and an on-board power supply (see Figs. 3, 20), a toggle switch T1 on the front panel of the control panel 132 (see Fig. 71) is transferred to the position "1 circuit of the HS", and T2 - to the position of "Work".

At the same time, on the remote control 132 the LEDs СД1 ... СД6 light up green. The indicated glow of LEDs СД1 ... СД6 notifies the operator that all six electrodynamic loaders 5 are at the top and are locked.

When the power take-off box 17 is turned on, the pump H1 (see Figs. 8, 58) of the first (main) hydraulic circuit 10 is activated. The volume of the working chamber of this pump is minimal, almost zero, since there is no command current on the solenoid 136 . The pumped fluid pump H1 into the pressure line 117 through a normally open distributor P5 is discharged from it through the drain line 118 into the tank B1.

Then press the button K1 ("Lowering the loaders"). When you press the specified button on the remote control, the SD7 LED lights up in red. At the same time, the LEDs SD1 ... SD6 change their glow to red. The indicated luminescence of LEDs СД1 ... СД7 notifies the operator of the start of the program of lowering the electrodynamic loaders 5 to the ground 1. In accordance with the specified program, the control system of the inventive installation supplies command current to the relay electromagnet 127 of the P5 distributor. The electromagnet 127 of the indicated distributor P5 moves the spool 119 of the latter up (see FIG. 59), thereby separating the pressure and drain lines 117 and 118. As a result, the pressure of the pump pumped by pump H1 to the pressure line 117 of the liquid reaches the operating value.

After that, the command current is supplied to the lower electromagnet 127 of the distributor - P3 pilot. The specified electromagnet 127 takes the spool 119 of the pilot P3 up (see Fig. 60), providing a supply of working fluid from the pressure line 117 along the control line 120 to the upper and lower ends of the spools 119 of the main and auxiliary valves P1 and P2, respectively. Under the influence of the control pressure of the working fluid, the spools 119 of the indicated distributors P1 and P2 are transferred down and up, respectively (see Figs. 61 and 62), reporting the pressure line 117 with the rod cavities 103 of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... Ts12 moving the electrodynamic loaders 5, and the piston cavities 122 - with a drain line 118. Under the action of the working fluid entering the rod cavities 103 of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12, their rods 14 are pulled into the inside of the sleeves 11, thereby providing a corresponding pulling of the loaders 5 to the cargo frame 21 the lattices 4 of the semi-trailer 20. At the same time, they are lifted from the bottoms 101 of the recesses 99 in the tapered tips 62 of the hook-shaped hooks 61 of the latches 42, the loaders 5, interacting with the limiters 97 of their movement, compress the springs 104 of the latter and are installed in the highest position in a strictly fixed position, necessary for unhindered the output of the aforementioned tips from the inlets 41 in the power walls 40 of the rear of the eyes 16 of the housing 39 of the loaders.

At the same time, the working fluid displaced from the piston cavities 122 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12 through the spool 119 of the main distributor P1 and the drain line 118 is discharged into the tank B1.

When the corresponding electronic indicators 106 of the position of the loaders 5 are activated, a command current is supplied to the lower electromagnet 127 of the distributor P4. The electromagnet 127 of the indicated distributor P4 moves the spool 119 of the latter up (see Fig. 63), thereby providing a supply of working fluid from the pump H1 through the corresponding lines 126 to the rod cavities 103 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts13 ... Ts24 and the control cavities 125 of the hydraulic locks Gz1 ... Gz12. Under the action of the hydraulic fluid Ts13 ... Ts24 of the working fluid entering the rod cavities 103, their rods 66 are retracted into the liners 65.

In this case, the latches 42, rotating accordingly around the cylindrical axes 58, provide the tapered tips 62 of their hook-shaped hooks 61 from the inlets 41 in the power walls 40 of the back of the eyes 16 of the housing 39 of the loaders 5 and the release of the latter.

The working fluid displaced from the piston cavities 122 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12 is discharged through the check valves Gz1 ... Gz12 and the corresponding highways 124, 118 to the tank B1, through the non-returning check valves (not specified).

After the loaders 5 are unlocked, control voltages are removed from the lower electromagnets 127 of the distributor P4 and the pilot P3 and command currents are supplied to the electromagnet 136 of the pump H1 and the upper electromagnet 128 of the pilot P3.

In this case, the spool 119 of the distributor P4 automatically returns to the zero position (see Fig. 58), reporting the working cavities 103 and 122 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts13 ... Ts24 with a drain line 118. The pump H1 is transferred to the maximum working volume, and therefore the corresponding flow rate fluid pumped into the pressure manifold 117.

The electromagnet 128 of the pilot РЗ moves the spool 119 of the latter down (see Fig. 64), providing a supply of working fluid from the pressure line 117 along the control line 121 to the lower and upper ends of the same spools of the main and auxiliary valves P1 and P2, respectively. Under the influence of the control pressure of the working fluid, the spools 119 of the indicated valves P1 and P2 are transferred up and down, respectively (see Figs. 65 and 66), reporting the pressure line 117 and the rod cavities 103 of the cylinders C1 ... Ts12 with the piston cavities 122 of the latter.

Under the pressure of the working fluid entering the piston cavities 122 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12, the rods 14 of the last of their sleeves 11 are extended and, accordingly, the loaders 5 are lowered.

The working fluid displaced from the rod cavities 103 of the Ts1 ... Ts12 hydraulic cylinders through the safety valve KP2 is discharged into their piston cavities 122. The safety valve KP2 provides the necessary braking, within the limits of its setting, of the lowered loaders 5, and the pressure switch RD signals with an LED SD9 about the normal course of the operation.

At the meeting of the loaders with the ground surface 1, the rods 14 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12 continue to move out of the sleeves for some time, compressing the springs 81 of the nodes for connecting their end connectors 13 to the eyes 16 of the loaders 5 for half their working stroke. In this case, under the action of the dead weight of the loaders 5 and the forces developed by the compressible springs 81, a corresponding soil compaction occurs until the complete elimination of possible voids and gaps between the surface of the latter and the bottoms of 137 cases 39 of the loaders. The necessary degree of preloading the loaders 5 to the surface of the soil 1 is limited by the safety valve of the bullpen.

Close contact of the bottom of each of the electrodynamic loaders with the soil surface is one of the indispensable conditions for their effective operation. When the loaders 5 are pressed to the soil surface 1, 16 end connectors 13 of the rods 14 of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... C12 used for docking to their eyes 16, the stepped cylindrical axes 15 are in the lowest position, fixed by the electronic indicators 85 located there.

After the specified preloading of the loaders 5 with the soil surface 1 and the operation of the above indicators 85, the voltage is removed from the control electromagnets 127, 128 and 136, respectively, of the distributors P5, P3 and pump H1. The spools 119 of the valves P1 ... P3 and P5 immediately automatically return to the zero position (see Fig. 58), and the pump H1 is switched to idle operation (by pressure and flow).

As a result of zeroing the pressure of the working fluid in the piston cavities 122 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12, the movement of the loaders 5, the above-mentioned springs 81 are unclenched to full load, and, recessing the rods 14 into the sleeves 11, the stepped cylindrical axes 15 are returned to the neutral center of the holes 37 in the eyes of 16 loaders, position. This ensures a guaranteed mechanical isolation (elimination of the rigid power connection) between the end connectors 13 of the rods 14 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts13 and the electrodynamic loaders 5 located on the ground surface 1.

At this moment, the LEDs SD1 ... SD7 again change their glow to green. The indicated change in the glow of LEDs СД1 ... СД7 notifies the operator that the program for lowering electrodynamic loaders has been completed, they are on the ground surface, there are no gaps between the last and the bottoms of the loaders, the rigid mechanical connection between their eyes and the hydraulic cylinder rods docked to them is removed. Some time after this, the LEDs SD1 ... SD7 go out.

Upon completion of these operations, the claimed installation, in fact, is ready to strike on the surface of the soil 1 in the intended place and its control system gives the appropriate permission for its preparation.

The specified preparation includes the relevant actions of the operators of the claimed installation and the seismic station participating in the ongoing work, which they agree on using their means of communication, as well as the use of the necessary equipment of both of the mentioned objects, etc.

Upon completion of the preparation, using the appropriate control panel 18, a command is sent to charge the drives 7 of electric energy from the on-board power supply 6. Upon completion of charging the drives 7 from the same console 18 (by pressing the “Beat” button or using an external radio control with participating in the work of the seismic station) the corresponding "Start" command is sent to the power circuits of the drives, by which the latter is discharged to the windings of the inductors 8 of the electromagnetic actuators 9 on ruzhateley 5.

When flowing through the windings of the inductor 8 of each of the loaders 5 of a discharge current of high force, an electromagnetic field of the corresponding intensity is excited, under the action of which the inertial mass of the inductor jumps upward, in the direction of the armature 138 of the above-mentioned actuator 9 of the loader, and the reactive force arising from this through the fastening elements of the armature to the case 39 of the loader acts on its bottom 137 and through the latter - on the adjacent surface of the soil 1.

As a result of the impact thus applied over the surface of the soil, the latter is accordingly deformed with the formation of a seismic wave propagating deep into the soil in the considered zone.

When the current of the discharge of electric energy storage flows through the windings of the inductor, the inertial mass of the latter drops down. At the same time, the necessary smoothness of braking is ensured by the design of the electrodynamic loaders themselves.

The parameters of the force exerted on the soil 1 are judged by the readings recorded at the time of the strike and transmitted by the control panel 18 over the radio channel to the seismic station (see Fig. 72) installed on the inertial mass of the inductor 8 of the electromagnetic actuator 9 of each of the loaders 5 (see Fig. .29) accelerometers 139 and, if they do not correspond to the program, then a single blow is again applied to the ground surface or, if necessary, a series of repeated strokes.

The maximum shock acceleration is proportional to the square of the voltage at the output of the electric energy storage devices 7. Therefore, with an increase in the indicated voltage, the efficiency of the electrodynamic loader naturally increases. The duration of the realized shock pulse practically does not depend on the maximum shock acceleration, but is determined by the frequency of the magnetic field excited during the discharge of the drives 7, which depends on the constant capacitance and variable inductance. In this regard, with an increase in the gap between the inductor 8 and the armature 138 of the electromagnetic actuator 9 of the loader 5, the duration of the shock pulse decreases, but at the same time, the inductance increases, which increases the duration of the magnetic field. Therefore, by varying the charging voltage of each of the drives 7, as well as the aforementioned gap, it is possible to adjust the magnitude and duration of the force effect on the soil surface within certain limits.

When re-striking, the loaders 5 do not rise from the surface of the soil 1, but only again each time are pressed against it to eliminate voids and gaps between the surface of the latter and the bottoms 137 of their bodies 39, which could have formed there during the previous strike, followed by zeroing preloading efforts and transferring the H1 pump to idle operation. The preparation and delivery of repeated strikes in this case are no different from those discussed above.

Upon completion of work in this position, the inventive installation is transferred to the transport position and delivered by a towing vehicle 19 to another.

The installation is transferred to the transport position in the reverse order.

To do this, first on the second, from the above-mentioned control panel 132, press the start button K2 ("Lifting the loaders"). When you press the indicated button on the remote control, the LEDs SD1 ... SD6 and SD8 light up in red. The indicated glow of LEDs СД1 ... СД6 and СД8 notifies the operator of the beginning of the program for lifting electrodynamic loaders from the soil surface. In accordance with the indicated program, the automation of the control system of the installation supplies command current to the electromagnets 136 and 127, respectively, of the pump HI and distributors P5 and P3. The pump H1 is then transferred to the maximum displacement, and therefore the corresponding flow rate of the fluid pumped into the pressure manifold 117.

The electromagnet 127 of the indicated distributor P5 moves the spool 119 of the latter up (see FIG. 59), thereby separating the pressure and drain lines 117 and 118. As a result, the pressure of the pump pumped by pump H1 to the pressure line 117 of the liquid reaches the operating value.

Electromagnet 127 of the pilot РЗ moves the spool 119 of the latter up (see Fig. 60), providing a supply of working fluid from the pressure line 117 along the control line 120 to the upper and lower ends of the spools 119, respectively, of the main and auxiliary valves P1 and P2. Under the action of the control pressure of the working fluid, the spools 119 of the indicated valves P1 and P2 are transferred down and up, respectively (see Figs. 61 and 62), reporting the pressure line 117 with the rod cavity 103 of the hydraulic cylinders C1 ... Ts12 moving the electrodynamic loaders 5, and the piston cavities 122 - with a drain line 118. Under the action of the pressure of the working fluid entering the rod cavities 103 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12, their rods 14 are pulled into the inside of the sleeves 11, thereby lifting the loaders 5 from the ground surface 1. At the end of the stroke the lifted loaders 5 come into contact with the limiters 97 of their movement and, compressing the springs 104 of the latter, are pulled to the frame 21 of the cargo platform 4 of the semi-trailer 20 and are installed in a strictly fixed position, necessary for the smooth entry of the wedge-shaped tips 62 of the hook-shaped hooks 61 of the clamps 42 of the loading of the loaders into the entry holes 41 in the power walls 40 of the rear of the eyes 16 of the housing 39 of the loader.

At the same time, the working fluid displaced from the piston cavities 122 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts1 ... Ts12 through the spool 119 of the main distributor P1 and the drain line 118 is discharged into the tank B1.

When the loaders 5 are pressed to the frame 21 of the loading platform 4 of the semi-trailer 20 and the corresponding electronic indicators 106 are activated, their voltage is removed from the electromagnet 136 of the pump H1 and the command current is supplied to the upper electromagnet 128 of the distributor P4. Pump H1 (see Fig. 58) is transferred to the minimum displacement.

The electromagnet 128 of the distributor P4 moves the spool 119 of the latter down (see Fig. 67), thereby providing a supply of working fluid from the pump H1 through the corresponding lines 124 to the piston cavities 122 of the hydraulic cylinders C13 ... C24. Under the influence of the pressure supplied through the check valves of the hydraulic locks Гз1 ... Гз12, which open to the piston cavities 122 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts13 ... Ts24 of their working fluid, their rods 66 are extended from the sleeves 65.

At the same time, the latches 42, rotating accordingly around the cylindrical axes 58, provide the entry of the tapered tips 62 of their hook-shaped hooks 61 into the inlet holes 41 of the power walls 40 of the back of the eyes 16 of the loaders 5 and locking of the latter. The fluid displaced from the stock cavities 103 of the hydraulic cylinders Ts13 ... Ts24 is discharged through the corresponding lines 126 and 118 to tank B1.

After the tapered tips 62 of the hook-shaped hooks 61 of the clamps 42 enter the holes 41 of the aforementioned walls 40 of the loaders 5, the voltage is removed from the electromagnets 127 of the pilot P3 and the valves P4 and P5 and the spools 119 of the latter, as well as the valves P1 and P2, automatically return to the zero position (see Fig. 58). Moreover, under the influence of their own weight and the force limiters 97 developed by the expanding springs 104, the electrodynamic loaders 5 sit by the upper shelves 102 of the holes 41 in the force walls 40 of their bodies 39 on the bottom 101 of the recesses 99 formed on the supporting surfaces 98 of the wedge-shaped tips 62 of the hook-shaped hooks 61 of the latches 42.

At this moment, LEDs SD1 ... SD6 and SD8 change their glow to green. The indicated change in the glow of LEDs СД1 ... СД8 notifies the operator that the lifting program for electrodynamic loaders has been completed, all of them are at the top and locked. Some time after this, the LEDs SD1 ... SD6 and SD8 go out.

After that, the power take-off box 17 is turned off from the engine of the tractor 19, the radio operator of the seismic station is notified of the move to another position, and the control equipment (console 18) and the on-board power supply 6 are turned off.

Then, the support legs 33 of the semi-trailer 20 are lifted from the soil surface, the wheel chocks are removed from under the wheels, they are released (removed from the parking brake) and moved to another position.

The operation of the hydraulic system 10 of the inventive installation from its backup (second) circuit 108 of the working fluid supply is not much different from the above. In this case, instead of the pump H1 of the main (first) circuit of the hydraulic system 10, driven from the power take-off box 17 from the engine of the tractor 19, a pump H2 of the same design as an autonomous pumping station 109 is used, driven by the electric motor 110 included in the latter, connected to the on-board source power supply 6, and the toggle switch T1 on the front panel of the additional control panel 132 switches up "2 circuit GS".

The time settings (intervals between teams) are set by the automation of the control system software to ensure the appropriate smooth operation of the actuators of the hydraulic system when lowering the electrodynamic loaders to the ground and lifting them from its surface.

The hydraulic system 10 of the inventive installation allows you to lower to the ground 1 and lift from its surface and each of the loaders 5 separately. These operations are carried out only with periodic maintenance of the loaders 5, carried out after a certain time of their work.

The need for such work is mainly due to the specifics of the work of the loaders 5. The fact is that under the influence of shock loads realized during operation of high intensity, the fastening of the fasteners can weaken, the gap between the inductor 8 and the armature 138 of the electromagnetic actuator 9 can change, it can be violated the reliability of the connection of conductors in the power circuits of each of the loaders 5, etc.

To ensure access to these structural elements and to carry out appropriate preventive maintenance from the loaders 5, it is necessary to remove the protective casing 140. Obviously, such a service is safer to carry out when the loaders 5 are lowered to the ground 1. Before lowering for this purpose, a single loader 5 all the rest of them are locked at this time by technological locking pivots (not shown), which are removed after maintenance. The toggle switch T2 on the front panel of the control panel 132 when carrying out these operations is switched up ("TO").

When operating the inventive installation in the dark, to illuminate its equipment semitrailer and working area placed on a cargo platform, standard industrial lighting fixtures of the required capacity can be used for power supply of which, as mentioned in the control cabinet 135, there is a corresponding internal current source with the necessary electrical connectors ( not shown).

The performance features of the inventive installation allow, if necessary, to form, practically, any of the machine configurations required by the customer, from a single unit to a maximum configuration with electrodynamic loaders. With this in mind, then naturally, the appropriate parameters of the semitrailer's loading platform should also be selected.

The possibility of varying the magnitude of the loading surface of the inventive installation, which opens up, will allow you to accordingly adjust the power of impact on the ground.

Its design differs from the analogues considered above by a high degree of aggregation and use of standardized blocks, modules, units and parts from the number commercially available from the industry, as well as borrowed from other products. Naturally, this can significantly reduce the time and cost of designing and manufacturing such seismic equipment, increase reliability, simplify maintenance and repair. Installation of such units is extremely simple and does not take much time. The same can be said of dismantling.

In the inventive installation used are widely used in engineering modern high-quality domestic structural materials, as well as the corresponding hardware base, not inferior in its technical characteristics to foreign, rational technical solutions and standard manufacturing technology. Domestic components, as a rule, are always available, have a much lower price than imported ones and provide guaranteed service.

The inventive mobile installation for the excitation of seismic waves is highly efficient, undemanding in service, easy to operate and meets all the safety requirements for equipment of this type with relevant regulatory documentation. Streamlined forms, harmony and elegance of lines, visual orderliness of its layout indicate a high degree of perfection and quality of the product.

The main advantages of the claimed installation undoubtedly include:

- the rationality of its metal construction, layout, kinematics, power circuit and high-performance hydraulic drive that meets modern standards;

- modern management with the possibility of appropriate programming, control and information support;

- high weight perfection, maintainability, etc.

The circuit-constructive and other solutions incorporated in it make it possible to raise the level of domestic plants of this purpose in terms of their functional capabilities and technical and operational indicators to the modern one and, on this basis, significantly increase the competitiveness of this equipment.

In view of the foregoing, it can be repeatedly reproduced according to the documentation developed for it in the conditions of mass production at specialized enterprises that have the necessary equipment, personnel and an appropriate regulatory and permissive base.

Currently, the claimed installation has fully developed the corresponding design documentation, according to which CJSC "Scientific and Technical Laboratory of Applied Mechanics" (Miass) produced its full-scale operating prototype.

The effectiveness of the solutions laid down in the design of the inventive installation, as well as the possibility of obtaining the aforementioned technical result in the implementation of the invention, which consists in eliminating the aforementioned disadvantages of known analogues and prototype, namely, in improving its technical and operational qualities that allow to achieve a modern technical level and competitiveness of seismic equipment of such class, and reducing the time and cost of its creation, confirmed by appropriate calculations and results by special autonomous tests of all composite fragments of the specified installation.

Currently, a prototype of the inventive installation is undergoing a comprehensive test.

The decision on serial production of the inventive installation will be made after completion of these tests.

Claims (8)

1. A mobile installation for exciting seismic waves through an appropriate impact on the surface of the soil, containing a vehicle with a removable tarpaulin with or without a load-carrying platform of a frame type, placed on the platform with the possibility of lowering to the ground and lifting from it, as well as locking in the upper position electrodynamic impulse loaders, connected to them by current conductors and charged from an onboard power supply, electrical energy storage devices and a capacitive type, discharged at the end of charging to the windings of the inductors of the electromagnetic actuators of the loaders, a hydraulic system that includes hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, the liners of which are suspended on traverses rigidly mounted on the platform with an elevation above the loaders, and the terminal connectors of their rods are connected using cylindrical axes to loader eyes, pump, tank with working fluid distribution, protective and safety and regulatory equipment with hydraulic connecting lines and a control system that includes a remote control panel for the operation of the loaders with the corresponding program-setting, receiving-command and control-recording equipment, as well as communication means, an autonomous battery-type power source and necessary connecting cables, characterized in that in it the vehicle is made in the form of an automobile towed by a tractor a semi-trailer, the frame of the loading platform of which is formed of two parallel spinal and lateral side members taken out outside their outer contours, respectively, of I-beams and channel sections, connected to each other by cross-members with the formation of several in the middle part of it, several in the number of loaders, following one after another with coaxial the location above them of openings of identical configuration and closing on top of the remaining on both sides of these openings in the front and tail zones of the holes planes with flat welded decks with the formation of corresponding sites there, used for docking the terminal connectors of the hydraulic cylinder rods to the loaders for their movement of the eyelets made in the form of two pairs of vertically oriented plates spaced apart and centrally located on the sides of the loaders with developed coaxial holes in them rectangular configuration, welded externally to the ceiling of the case of the loaders with reinforcement on the back with a power wall, in which holes on both sides of the indicated plates are cut through and through the same holes as those of the holes in the plates, profiles, hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, traverses of the suspension of their sleeves, as well as clamps for locking the loaders in the highest position, are grouped into separately assembled ones, one per loader , single mounting-drive modules of identical design, each of which includes one traverse and two hydraulic cylinders and a clamp for moving and locking, respectively, are loaded on it spruce, traverses of each of the indicated mounting-drive modules are made in the form of a corresponding beam equipped with lateral connecting flanges located above the spars of the cargo platform of the semitrailer and two pairs of transverse and vertically oriented hollow cylindrical supports located at its ends, respectively, all-in-one and demountable covering the latter along the outer contour of the end plane-parallel eyes with round through holes in them, one of which is ikalnyh supports are fixed on the beam motionless, and the other with the possibility of a relatively small rotation in the plane of the latter, the suspension of the liners of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders on the traverse of the mounting-drive module is made by entering the cylindrical necks formed on their outer surface into its detachable supports based on the inner diameter and the ends of the latter and the mutual tightening of the half-shells of the supports using the appropriate fasteners used to lock the loaders to the edge In the upper position, the latches are made in the form of hinged on the traverse mounted in the transverse supports of the mounting-drive modules of the cylindrical axes of spatially developed grips, each of which is formed of two spaced apart and rigidly fastened to each other by welded cross-members, flat hook-shaped hooks ending with wedge-shaped tips inserted when locking the loaders into the rectangular holes of the eyelets of the power walls supporting them and removed from there when locking with the appropriate hydraulic cylinders, the end connectors of the liners and rods of which are articulated with the traverse axially fixed in the holes of the end eyes of the bushings and the cylindrical axes that are coaxially welded into the bushings of the bushings; mating through an articulated bearing with a rod end connector, and extreme lower steps diameters, on the shanks of which are put into operation through the rectangular openings of the eyes of the loaders based on their side walls and bolted to the ends of the shanks, with an emphasis on the spacer rings of axial fixing of the articulated bearing and the possibility of plane-parallel movement in the indicated holes of square compression bushings in cross section along the outer contour profile, at the ends of the rings facing the spacer rings, with the exception of rotation, a two-pronged fork closed through a compression spring on the ceiling of the loader, and when the spring is completely unloaded, the cylindrical axis is located at equal distance from the upper and lower shelves of the rectangular holes of the aforementioned eyes, and when it is pressed halfway, in the lowermost position registered in this area in the corresponding mounting socket of one of the eyes an electronic indicator with an output electrical signal, each of the mounting-drive modules is located in the area of the openings made in the cargo platform of the semi-trailer with the base attached extension flanges of the traverse to the upper flanges of the spinal spars of its frame, spatial orientation using the guide pins of a tubular configuration welded to the last inner seam, mating when the module is seated in place with the corresponding holes in the above-mentioned flanges and rigidly fixed with the help of the holes passing through the connecting holes in the flanges and opposite plates installed adjacent to them with abutment to the lower shelves of the side members and covering side members on both sides of the tie rods respectively length, as well as compression and lock nuts, with vertically oriented sockets formed in each of the planks, in which a self-dropping spring-loaded finger-type limiter is placed with an exit to the bottom and oriented in the same direction and size, moving the loader when lifting it in the extreme the upper position, and opposite, at least two diametrically opposite of the four above-mentioned finger stops in the threaded holes of the patch strips installed one electronic indicator with an electrical output signal is recorded that records the presence of the loaders in the highest position or their absence there, each of the energy storage devices is mounted on the traverse of the mounting-drive modules mounted on top of the mounting flanges of the removable drive stands of the same type, the hydraulic system equipped with a backup power supply circuit of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders and the drive of the clamps for locking them in the highest position liquid, made in the form of an autonomous pumping station semi-trailer placed on the front platform of the cargo platform with its own tank and connected to the indicated system in parallel with the pump of the same pump, as well as an electric motor that drives it, connected to the on-board power supply, both of the mentioned pumps are adjustable with individual check valves installed at their outputs, behind which they are sequentially integrated into the common pressure line a pore filter and a normally open two-position electro-hydraulic distributor for switching the system operating modes, reporting the outputs of the pumps with a drain line, and behind it in the pressure line branches that go to the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinders are two identical three-position electro-hydraulic distributors, one of which serves as a pilot for remote movements of spools of two, main and auxiliary, three-position hydraulic distributors equally the first version with parallel control lines providing the necessary switching of the flows of the aforementioned liquid during operation of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, and the other for remote control of the hydraulic cylinders of the drive for locking the clamps of the loaders, and a pressure valve is integrated directly in front of the pressure line, a check valve is installed in front of the main hydraulic distributor immediately after the indicated distributor - liquid pressure meter and safety the second valve, the inlet of which is connected with the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders for moving the loaders, and the outlet is with the drain line, a pressure switch with an electrical output signal and a safety valve are installed behind the auxiliary hydraulic distributor, the output of which is connected to the piston cavities of the same hydraulic cylinders and through the first of that the safety valve referred to is with a drain line, structurally, all of the above electro-hydraulic equipment, with the exception of those installed on the outputs of the non-return valve pumps are grouped into a separately assembled unit located next to the pump station, the on-board power source mentioned above is equipped with a remotely controlled internal combustion engine used to drive its generator, and is located on the front platform of the semi-trailer cargo platform next to the pump station and the electro-hydraulic unit equipment, the on-board electronic unit built on the microprocessor element base is additionally included in the control system a remote control system for the operation of the hydraulic system, equipped with an output electrical connector for connecting to the on-board electrical network, two on / off toggle switches, one of which is designed to activate the main or reserve circuits for supplying hydraulic cylinders with the working fluid, and the second - to switch the operating modes “maintenance - hydraulic system operation”, two start buttons, one of which serves to control the lowering of the loaders, and the other to control their lifting, and the corresponding light and signal indicators made in the form of two-color LEDs that control the processes of lowering, lifting, end positions of the loaders and the readings of the pressure switch integrated in the hydraulic system, as well as the corresponding wiring necessary for pairing this console, the indicated electronic unit, which is part of the hydraulic system of electrical equipment, control equipment and an onboard power supply, both control panels of the control system are located in the cab of the towing tractor, and the onboard electrons flow connection with the respective switching modules, type terminal blocks, relay apparatus, and an internal current source - in positioning on the forecourt freight semitrailer platform cabinet. 2. The mobile installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the semitrailer is equipped with a front-mounted socket for installing a fifth wheel coupling pin and two telescopic support legs, as well as lifting ladders for accessing personnel and lowering them from there, working and parking brake systems, respectively, with pneumatic and mechanical drives, contour and signal lights, corresponding on-board wiring, connected to the towing electrical system yagacha, and attached to the rear part of the frame of the loading platform security buffer. 3. The mobile installation according to claim 1, characterized in that on the supporting surfaces of the wedge-shaped tips of the hook-shaped hooks that are part of the fastening-drive modules of the clamps for locking the loaders, local recesses are formed in the highest position, the width of which is equivalent to providing the necessary gaps with a thickness the reinforcing eyes of the power wall loaders in the zone of location in the last rectangular entry holes for the tips of the hooks used to fit the upper shelves on their bottom after entry holes than those indicated therein lugs and discharge pressure of working fluid from the rod end of hydraulic cylinders nagruzhateley move under its own weight and the latter corresponding to the force exerted by springs decompress while contacting with their ceilings vysheupominavshihsya samonevypadayuschih limiters finger type. 4. The mobile installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the tanks of both power circuits included in the mounting-drive modules of the hydraulic cylinders of the hydraulic system are made in the form of closed tanks, the compartments for the location of the drain and suction pipes in which are spatially separated from each other with a separation between two vertically oriented perforated partitions having a length in this direction of at least two-thirds of the height of the minimum level of the working fluid poured into them. 5. The mobile installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders for moving electrodynamic loaders in it are equipped with individual throttle washers of the required passage section built into their rod lines. 6. The mobile installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders of the drive for locking the loaders in the highest position are equipped with individual hydraulic locks and throttle washers of the required passage section that are sequentially integrated in their piston lines with the message of the control cavities of the hydraulic locks with the rod lines of these cylinders. 7. The mobile installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in it the spools of the electro-hydraulic distributors that are part of the hydraulic system are designed to provide a spring return to their original position after removing the control current from the drive electromagnets. 8. The mobile installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic connecting lines of the hydraulic system are made in the form of a combination of semitrailers and equipment placed on the metal structures of the cargo platform of the semi-trailer laid on the shortest routes and with rigid pipelines and compensated docked with them inserts from flexible hoses, providing the necessary convenience and ease of installation and dismantling.

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