RU2273099C1 - Programmable operating-frequency re-tuning radio link - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed programmable operating-frequency re-tuning (POFRT) radio link that can be used in POFRT communication systems in the environment of noise whose level periodically varies according to programmable re-tuning frequencies has newly introduced switching unit, frequency weighting coefficient shaping unit, and frequency analyzing unit. These newly introduced units make it possible for POFRT radio link to use frequencies with lower noise level more often and unfit frequencies are eliminated from re-tuning process.

EFFECT: enhanced noise immunity of radio link under transient noise impact.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of radio communications and can be used in communication systems with software tuning of operating frequencies operating under the influence of interference, the level of which periodically varies in frequencies of software tuning.

Radio links are known for providing communication in the programmed tunable operating frequency (MFC) mode (see, for example, US Pat. No. 4,653,068, 02/11/1987 "Frequency Hopping Data Communication System", patent No. 2157051 of 09/27/2000 "Broadband transceiver device") .

The radio link according to US patent No. 4653068 contains on the transmitting side an encoder, modulator, power amplifier, transmitting antenna, synchronization unit, pseudo-random sequence generator, control unit, frequency synthesizer. On the receiving side, there is a receiving antenna, an input amplifier, a local oscillator, a detector, a solver, a decoder, a synchronization unit, a pseudo-random sequence generator, a control unit, and an automatic gain control unit. The disadvantage of this radio line is the relatively low noise immunity in the presence in the tuning band not suitable for radio frequencies.

The radio link according to patent No. 2157051 contains on the transmitting side the first and second phase manipulators, an adder, a mixer, a frequency synthesizer, two high-frequency keys, an element NOT, a pseudo-random sequence generator, a transmitting antenna. On the receiving side there is a receiving antenna, a mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a demodulator, a pseudo-random sequence generator, a frequency synthesizer, two high-frequency keys, an element NOT. The disadvantage of this radio line is the relatively low noise immunity in the presence of unsuitable frequencies in the range of software tuning, as well as when the level of interference varies in frequency of software tuning.

Closest in technical essence to the claimed radio link is a radio link that provides software tuning of the operating frequencies described in RF patent No. 2185029, IPC ⁷ N 04 B 15/00, the application. 02/12/2001, publ. 07/10/2002, Bulletin No. 19.

The closest analogue (prototype) contains on the transmitting side an encoder, modulator, power amplifier, transmitting antenna, synchronization unit, pseudo-random sequence generator, pseudo-random sequence converter, control unit, frequency synthesizer. On the receiving side, there is a receiving antenna, an input amplifier, a local oscillator, a detector, a resolver, a decoder, a synchronization unit, a pseudo-random sequence generator, a pseudo-random sequence converter, a control unit, and an automatic gain control unit.

On the transmitting side, an encoder, modulator, power amplifier, transmitting antenna are connected in series through the information inputs. The output of the synchronization unit is connected to the input of the pseudo-random sequence generator. The output of the control unit is connected to the input of the frequency synthesizer, the output of which is connected to the control input of the modulator. The output of the pseudo-random sequence generator is connected to the input of the pseudo-random sequence converter, the output of which is connected to the input of the control unit. The clock input of the pseudo-random sequence converter is connected to the output of the synchronization block. The encoder input is the radio link input.

On the receiving side, a receiving antenna, an input amplifier, a local oscillator, a detector, a resolver, a decoder are connected in series through the information inputs. The output of the automatic gain control unit is connected to the control inputs of the input amplifier and control unit. The control output of the detector is connected to the input of the automatic gain control unit. The output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the mixer-local oscillator and the deciding device, the output of which is additionally connected to the input of the synchronization unit. The output of the synchronization unit is connected to the control inputs of the pseudo-random sequence generator and the pseudo-random sequence converter. The output of the pseudo-random sequence generator is connected to the input of the pseudo-random sequence converter, the output of which is connected to the input of the control unit. The output of the decoder is the output of the radio link.

The prototype radio link provides radio communication in the mode of uneven program tuning according to the selected frequencies: frequencies that are not suitable for the level of interference are excluded from the program tuning range, the radio channel is tuned more often to frequencies with a large ratio of the average signal power to the average interference power. Due to this, the noise immunity of such a radio link with software tuning of the operating frequency is higher than radio links with uniform software tuning of the operating frequency (see Odoevsky S.M., Eryshev V.G. "Adaptive-game algorithm for switching information transmission channels." / Communication networks and switching systems. Issue No. 11. - St. Petersburg: Topic, 2000. S.91-98).

However, the prototype device has a drawback: uneven tuning is carried out according to one algorithm, based on the interference constantly affecting the frequencies of the software tuning. It is known that meter and decameter communication channels are channels with variable parameters (see. "Military Radio Communication Systems. Part I" / V.V. Ignatov, Yu.P. Kilimnik, I. I. Nikolsky and others; Ed. .V. Ignatova. - L .: YOU, 1989. S. 19-26). Under the influence of interferences varying in the frequencies of software tuning, this radio line will have noise immunity equal to or less than in the case of uniform software tuning, since it does not allow changing the tuning law and can often refer to those frequencies at which the level of effective interference voltage exceeds the permissible .

The aim of the invention is to develop a radio link with software tuning of the operating frequency, which allows to increase noise immunity under the influence of interference, the level of which periodically varies in the frequencies of software tuning.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the radio line with software tuning of the operating frequency, including at the first and second points of communication a radio transmitter with an antenna and an information radio receiver with an antenna, an additional switching unit, a unit for generating weighted frequencies and a frequency analysis unit are introduced. The high-frequency input of the frequency analysis unit is connected to an additional receiving antenna. The groups of outputs of the transmission and reception comparison coefficients of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients for N outputs in each group, where N> 20 is the number of radio line frequencies allocated for operation, are connected respectively to the N inputs of the transmitter transmission comparison coefficients and the N inputs of the information radio receiver comparison coefficients. The control outputs of the radio transmitter and the information radio receiver of the unit for generating the weight coefficients of the frequencies are connected respectively to the control inputs of the radio transmitter and the information radio receiver. The first, second, third and fourth control outputs of the frequency weighting unit are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth control inputs of the switching unit, the information output and input of which are connected respectively to the information input of the radio transmitter and the information output of the information radio receiver. The inputs “interference level” and “correspondent frequency coefficients” of the weighting frequency generating unit are connected to the outputs, respectively, “interference level” of the frequency analysis unit and “correspondent frequency coefficients” of the switching unit. The input "frequency coefficients" of the switching unit is connected to the output "frequency coefficients" of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients. The control outputs "address", "read", "range" of the unit for generating the weighting coefficients of the frequencies are connected to the corresponding inputs of the control "address", "read", "range" of the frequency analysis unit. The input "information to the correspondent" and the output "information from the correspondent" of the switching unit are respectively the input and output of the corresponding point of contact.

The unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients consists of the first and second decoders, the first and second groups of memory registers with N memory registers in each group, a correspondent memory device (RAM), a memory device (memory), converters of parallel code to serial (PPKPs) and serial code in parallel (PPKPr), intermediate storage device (ROM), microprocessor (MPU), which provides the calculation of the weight coefficients of frequencies, depending on the level of interference at the corresponding frequencies, as well as the formation of control signals for the processes of frequency analysis, calculation, recording of weighting coefficients of frequencies, reception and transmission of information. N outputs of the first and second decoders are connected to the control inputs of the respective memory registers of the first and second groups of memory registers, respectively. The sixth and seventh ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the information and control inputs of the first decoder, the tenth and twenty-eighth ports of the microprocessor are connected to the information inputs of N memory registers, respectively, of the first and second groups of memory registers. The ninth and twenty-ninth ports of the microprocessor are connected to the synchronization inputs of N memory registers, respectively, of the first and second groups of memory registers. The fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the inputs "write / read", "resolution", "address", "information" of the intermediate storage device, and the nineteenth, twentieth, twenty-first and twenty-second ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the inputs "write / read", "resolution", "address", "information" of the storage device. The twenty-second port of the microprocessor is additionally connected to the input of the parallel code to serial converter, the control input of which is connected to the twenty-third port of the microprocessor and the control input of the serial to parallel converter. The twenty-fourth, twenty-fifth, twenty-sixth and twenty-seventh ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the inputs "write / read", "resolution", "address", "information" of the correspondent storage device, and the twenty-seventh port of the microprocessor is also connected to the output of the serial code converter in parallel. The first and thirty-first ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the information and control inputs of the second decoder. The thirtieth and eighth ports of the microprocessor are the control output, respectively, of the information radio receiver and the radio transmitter of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients. The N outputs of the first and N outputs of the second group of memory registers are respectively the outputs of the transmission comparison coefficients and block reception coefficients. The eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth ports of the microprocessor are respectively the first, second, third and fourth control outputs of the block. The output of the parallel-to-serial code converter and the input of the serial-to-parallel code converter are respectively the output “frequency coefficients” and the input “frequency coefficients of the correspondent” of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients. The second, third and fourth ports of the microprocessor are respectively the outputs of the "range", "read", "address", and the fifth port of the microprocessor is the input of the "interference level" of the unit for the formation of weighted frequency coefficients.

The frequency analysis unit consists of a frequency storage device, a decoder, a frequency analyzer, a measuring radio receiver. The high-frequency input of the measuring radio is the high-frequency input of the unit. The outputs "end of tuning" and "interference level" of the measuring radio are connected to the inputs of the same frequency analyzer, the output of which is the output of the "interference level" of the unit. The output of the storage device is connected to the input of the decoder. The decoder output is connected to the control input of the measuring radio. The inputs "address", "read" and "range" of the frequency storage device are respectively the inputs of the "address", "read" and "range" of the frequency analysis unit.

The switching unit consists of the first, second, third, fourth elements with three output states, the control inputs of which are respectively the first, second, third, fourth control inputs of the block. The information inputs of the first, second and fourth elements with three output states are the inputs of “information from the correspondent”, “information” and “frequency coefficients” of the block, respectively. The output of the first and fourth elements with three output states are combined and are the information output of the block. The output of the second and third elements with three output states are outputs, respectively, “information from the correspondent” and “frequency coefficients of the correspondent” of the block. The information input of the second element with three output states is connected to the information input of the third element with three output states.

Thanks to a new set of features, the claimed radio link with software tuning of the operating frequency is often tuned to operating frequencies with a large ratio of the effective value of the signal voltage to the effective value of the interference voltage, and frequencies at which the interference level exceeds the permissible are excluded from the tuning mechanism. Moreover, the algorithm of uneven tuning frequencies periodically changes depending on changes in the level of interference at operating frequencies. Due to this, the noise immunity of the claimed radio link with software adjustment of the operating frequency under the influence of a periodically varying frequency level of interference increases.

The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that analogues that are characterized by a combination of features that are identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution are absent, which indicates the compliance of the claimed device with the patentability condition "novelty".

The search results for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the claimed object from the prototype showed that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. The prior art also did not reveal the popularity of the influence provided by the essential features of the claimed invention, the transformations on the achievement of the specified technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

The claimed device is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of a radio line with software tuning of the operating frequency;

figure 2 is a structural diagram of a block frequency analysis;

figure 3 is a structural diagram of a block for the formation of weighting coefficients of frequencies;

figure 4 is a structural diagram of a switching unit;

5 is a structural diagram of a radio transmitter;

6 is a structural diagram of an information radio receiver;

7 is a block diagram of a pseudo-random sequence transducer of a radio transmitter;

Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a pseudo-random sequence converter of an informational radio receiver;

Fig.9 is a microprocessor operation algorithm.

The inventive radio link with a software tuning of the operating frequency, shown in figure 1, contains at the first and second points of communication a radio transmitter 1 (16) with antenna 2 (15) and an information radio 7 (10) with antenna 8 (9), switching unit 6 ( 11), a unit for generating weighting coefficients of frequencies 5 (12) and a unit for analyzing frequencies 4 (13). The high-frequency input of the frequency analysis unit 4 (13) is connected to an additional receiving antenna 3 (14), the group of outputs of the transmission and reception comparison coefficients of the weighting unit for generating frequency coefficients of 5 (12) with N outputs in each group, where N> 20 is the number allocated for the frequencies of the radio link are connected respectively to the N inputs of the transmission coefficients of the radio transmitter 1 (16) and the N inputs of the comparison coefficients of the information radio 7 (10). The control outputs of the radio transmitter 1 (16) and the information radio 7 (10) of the unit for generating the weight coefficients of frequencies 5 (12) are connected respectively to the control inputs of the radio transmitter 1 (16) and the information radio 7 (10). The first, second, third and fourth control outputs of the unit for generating weight coefficients of frequencies 5 (12) are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth control inputs of the switching unit 6 (11), the information output and input of which are connected respectively to the information input of radio transmitter 1 ( 16) and the information output of the information radio 7 (10). The inputs “interference level” and “correspondent frequency coefficients” of the frequency weighting unit 5 (12) are connected to the outputs, respectively, “interference level” of the frequency analysis unit 4 (13) and “correspondent frequency coefficients” of the switching unit 6 (11). The input "frequency coefficients" of the switching unit 6 (11) is connected to the output "frequency coefficients" of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients 5 (12). The control outputs "address", "read", "range" of the unit for generating weighting coefficients of frequencies 5 (12) are connected to the corresponding control inputs "address", "read", "range" of the frequency analysis unit 4 (13). The input "information to the correspondent" and the output "information from the correspondent" of the switching unit 6 (11) are respectively the input and output of the corresponding point of contact.

Radio transmitter 1 (16) is designed to convert the primary electrical signal into a high-frequency signal in the mode of uneven software tuning of the operating frequency with a periodically changing tuning algorithm, amplification of this signal. The structural diagram of the radio transmitter is shown in figure 5. Radio transmitter 1 (16) is implemented as the transmitting part of the radio link of the prototype (see RF patent No. 2185029 dated 02/12/01 "Radio link with pseudo-random tuning of the operating frequency", p.3-19).

In addition, communications were introduced into the pseudo-random sequence 1.7 transform block 1.7 of radio transmitter 1 (16): transmission comparison coefficients and radio transmitter control from the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients 5 (12). In addition, the structure of the pseudo-random sequence transformer 1.7 was replaced.

The pseudo-random sequence converter 1.7 (7.1) is intended to convert the pseudo-random sequence coming from the output of the PSP 1.2 generator (7.3). The pseudo-random sequence converter 1.7 (7.1) of the radio transmitter 1 (16) and the information radio receiver 7 (10) are made in the same way as shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8. The pseudo-random sequence converter 1.7 (7.1) consists of a decoder 1.7 ₁ (7.1 _{N + 1} ) and N comparators 1.7 ₂ ... 1.7 _{N + 1} (7.1. ₁ ... 7.1 _N ). N outputs of the transmission (reception) comparison coefficients of the frequency weighting unit 5 (12) are connected to the first comparison inputs of comparators 1.7 ₂ ... 1.7 _{N + 1} (7.1. ₁ ... 7.1 _N ). The second inputs of the comparison of comparators 1.7 ₂ ... 1.7 _{N + 1} (7.1. ₁ ... 7.1 _N ) are connected to the output of the pseudo-random sequence generator 1.2 (7.3). The control input of the decoder 1.7 ₁ (7.1 _{N + 1} ) is connected to the control output of the radio transmitter 1 (16) (information radio 7 (10)) of the frequency weighting unit 5 (12). The outputs of the comparators 1.7 ₂ ... 1.7 _{N + 1} (7.1. ₁ ... 7.1 _N ) are connected to the N information inputs of the decoder 1.7 ₁ (7.1 _{N + 1} ). Comparators 1.7 ₂ ... 1.7 _{N + 1} (7.1. ₁ ... 7.1 _N ) are designed to compare the transmission coefficients of each frequency of the tuning program with a random number of the pseudo-random sequence generator 1.2 (7.3). The comparator circuit 1.7 ₂ ... 1.7 _{N + 1} (7.1. ₁ ... 7.1 _N ) is known (see Ugryumov EP "Digital circuitry." S-Pb: BHV-Petersburg, 2002. P.65, Fig. .2.16). The decoder 1.7 ₁ (7.1 _{N + 1} ) converts the code from the output of the comparators into the code of the corresponding frequency with uniform software tuning. The scheme of the decoder 1.7 ₁ (7.1 _{N + 1} ) is known (see Ugryumov EP "Digital circuitry". St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2002, p. 47, Fig. 2). The decoder input EN1 is the control input of the radio transmitter 1 (16) (information radio 7 (10)).

Antenna devices 2, 3, 8 (9, 14, 15) are designed to convert a high-frequency radio signal into electromagnetic waves when transmitting 2 (15) and vice versa when receiving 8 (9), frequency analysis 3 (14). Implementation options for antenna devices 2, 3, 8 (9, 14, 15) are known and are given in a number of sources (see, for example, J. Spilker. "Digital Communication". M .: Communication, 1979. S.169-172, fig. 7.2 and fig. 7.4).

The information radio 7 (10) is designed to convert a high-frequency signal in the mode of uneven software tuning of the operating frequency with a periodically changing tuning algorithm into a primary electrical signal, amplification of this signal. The structural diagram of the information radio is shown in Fig.6. The information radio 7 (10) is implemented as the receiving part of the radio link of the prototype (see RF patent No. 2185029 from 02/12/01 "Radio link with pseudo-random tuning of the operating frequency". S.3-19).

Additionally, in the conversion unit 7.1 of the pseudo-random sequence 7.1 of the information radio 7 (10), communications are introduced: reception comparison coefficients and information radio control from the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients 5 (12). In addition, the structure of the pseudo-random sequence transformer 7.1 has been replaced. A pseudo-random sequence transformer 7.1 is described above.

The frequency analysis unit 4 (13) is intended for measuring the effective interference voltage at the frequencies of software tuning and converting it into a digital code. The block diagram of the block frequency analysis 4 (13) is shown in figure 2. The frequency analysis unit 4 (13) consists of a frequency memory 4.4, a decoder 4.3, a frequency analyzer 4.2, a measuring radio 4.1. The high-frequency input of the measuring radio 4.1 is the high-frequency input of the unit. The outputs “end of adjustment” and “interference level” of the measuring radio 4.1 are connected to the inputs of the same frequency analyzer 4.2, the output of which is the output “interference level” of block 4 (13). The output of the storage device is connected to the input of the decoder 4.3. The output of the decoder 4.3 is connected to the control input of the measuring radio 4.1. The inputs "address", "read" and "range" of the storage device (memory) of frequencies 4.4 are inputs respectively "address", "read" and "range" of the frequency analysis unit 4 (13).

Frequency memory 4.4 is intended for storing frequency tuning program numbers. The storage device is implemented in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2220503 dated 12/27/2003 "Device for automatic selection of operating frequencies" (see Fig.6, p.25-26). The input "range" of the frequency storage device corresponds to the input "radio direction code".

Decoder 4.3 is used to convert the frequency number into the code necessary to tune the measuring radio 4.1 to the analyzed frequency. The scheme of the decoder 4.3 is known (see Goldenberg L. M. "Pulse and digital devices." M .: Communication, 1973, S. 462-468, Fig. 10.11).

The measuring radio 4.1 is designed to measure the effective interference voltage at the analyzed frequency and to transmit the obtained value to the frequency analyzer. As a measuring radio 4.1, any radio receiver commercially available from the industry can be used with a tuning range greater than or equal to the program tuning range, for example, the R-155U radio receiver, the circuit of which is given in the "Technical Description and Operating Instructions. R-155U radio receiver, TsL 2.003. 001, part 1 ", 1973

The frequency analyzer 4.2 is designed to convert the value of the effective interference voltage into a digital code. As a frequency analyzer 4.2, any frequency analyzer commercially implemented by the industry can be used, the circuit of which is shown, for example, in the technical description for the P-016V equipment (P-016V, YaR2.068.166, book No. 1, 1992, p. 43-57, Fig. 7.21), as well as in the technical description for the analysis and frequency selection equipment (equipment R-015, TSh1.170.005, book No. 1, 1975, pp. 72-83, Fig. 12).

The unit for the formation of weight coefficients of frequency 5 (12) is intended for

1. Calculation of weighting coefficients of frequencies

α _i = 0 for U _{p eff i} ≤U _then , where

α _i is the weight coefficient of the i-th frequency; N is the number of frequencies;

U _{p eff i} is the effective interference voltage; U _then - trade voltage.

2. The calculation of the coefficients of comparison of reception and transmission

α _{i corr} - weight coefficient of the i-th frequency of the correspondent; To _{lane i} - gear ratio;

α _i is the weight coefficient of the i-th frequency; To _{pr i} is the reception coefficient.

3. Process management

- receiving the weighting coefficients of the frequency of the correspondent and transmitting the weighting coefficients of the frequency to the correspondent upon the expiration of the specified time period (by the communication operator);

- calculation of weighting coefficients of frequencies of software adjustment and coefficients of comparison of reception and transmission;

- measuring the effective value of the interference voltage at the frequencies of software tuning;

- receiving and transmitting information from the correspondent to the correspondent;

- switching.

The block diagram of the unit for the formation of weighting coefficients of frequencies 5 (12) is presented in figure 3. The unit for generating weight coefficients of frequencies 5 (12) consists of the first 5.2 and second 5.9 decoders, the first 5.1 and second 5.10 groups of memory registers with N memory registers in each group, correspondent memory 5.7 (RAM), memory 5.5 (memory), converters parallel code to serial 5.6 (PPKPs) and serial code to parallel 5.8 (PPKPr), intermediate storage device (ROM), microprocessor (MPU) 5.3, which provides the calculation of weighting coefficients of frequencies, depending on the level of x at the respective frequencies, as well as the formation of process control signal frequency analysis, calculations, recording frequency weighting coefficients, receiving and transmitting information. N outputs of the first 5.2 and second 5.9 decoders are connected to the control inputs of the corresponding memory registers, respectively, the first 5.1 and second 5.10 groups of memory registers. The sixth and seventh ports of microprocessor 5.3 are connected respectively to the information and control inputs of the first decoder 5.2, the tenth and twenty-eighth ports of microprocessor 5.3 are connected to information inputs of N memory registers, respectively, of the first 5.1 and second 5.10 groups of memory registers. The ninth and twenty-ninth ports of microprocessor 5.3 are connected to the synchronization inputs of N memory registers, respectively, the first 5.1 and second 5.10 groups of memory registers. The fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth ports of the microprocessor 5.3 are connected respectively to the inputs "write / read", "resolution", "address", "information" of the intermediate storage device 5.4, and the nineteenth, twentieth, twenty-first and twenty-second ports of the microprocessor 5.3 are connected respectively, to the inputs "write / read", "resolution", "address", "information" of the storage device 5.5. The twenty-second port of microprocessor 5.3 is additionally connected to the input of the parallel code converter to serial 5.6, the control input of which is connected to the twenty-third port of microprocessor 5.3 and the control input of the serial code converter to parallel 5.8. The twenty-fourth, twenty-fifth, twenty-sixth, and twenty-seventh ports of microprocessor 5.3 are connected respectively to the “write / read”, “resolution”, “address”, “information” inputs of correspondent storage device 5.7, and the twenty-seventh port of microprocessor 5.3 is also connected to the output serial to parallel converter 5.8. The first and thirty-first ports of microprocessor 5.3 are connected respectively to the information and control inputs of the second decoder 5.9. The thirtieth and eighth ports of the microprocessor 5.3 are the control output, respectively, of the information radio 7 (10) and the radio transmitter 1 (16) of the frequency weighting unit 5 (12). The N outputs of the first 5.1 and N outputs of the second 5.10 group of memory registers are respectively the outputs of the transmission comparison coefficients and reception comparison coefficients of block 5 (12). The eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth ports of microprocessor 5.3 are the first, second, third and fourth control outputs of block 5 (12), respectively. The output of the parallel-to-serial code converter 5.6 and the input of the serial-to-parallel code converter 5.8 are, respectively, the output “frequency coefficients” and the input “correspondent frequency coefficients” of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients 5 (12). The second, third and fourth ports of microprocessor 5.3 are the outputs “range”, “read”, “address”, respectively, and the fifth port of microprocessor 5.3 is the input “interference level” of the frequency weighting unit 5 (12).

The first group of memory registers 5.1 is designed to store transmission comparison coefficients calculated by formula 3. The second group of memory registers 5.10 is used to store reception comparison coefficients calculated by formula 2. Memory register 5.1 ₁ ... 5.1 _N , 5.10 ₁ ... 5.10 _N is a well-known device (see Shilo VL "Popular digital microcircuits". M: Radio and communications, 1987, pp. 120-122, Fig. 1.86). The input EI of the memory register 5.1 ₁ ... 5.1 _N , 5.10 ₁ ... 5.10 _N is the control input.

The first 5.2 and second 5.9 decoders are designed to convert the address signal of the microprocessor 5.3 into the code of the memory register 5.1 ₁ ... 5.1 _N , 5.10 ₁ ... 5.10 _N. The schemes of decoders 5.2 and 5.9 are described in the book Ugryumov EP "Digital circuitry." St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2002, p. 47, Fig. 2.4.

The intermediate storage device 5.4 is designed to store an intermediate result of the calculation of the weight coefficients of the frequencies. The storage device 5.5 is used to store weighting factors of frequencies. Correspondent memory 5.7 is designed to store the weighting coefficients of the frequencies of the correspondent. Intermediate 5.4, correspondent 5.7 and storage 5.5 devices have a 2D structure and are described in the book Ugryumov EP "Digital circuitry." St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2002, p. 182-183, Fig. 4.3.

Converters of parallel code to serial 5.6 and serial code to parallel 5.8 are intended for code conversion. Schemes of these converters are known (see, for example, Ugryumov EP "Digital circuitry". St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2002, pp. 146-150, Fig. 3.41, 3.42).

Microprocessor 5.3 implements the functions of the frequency analysis unit. Microprocessor 5.3 operates according to the algorithm shown in Fig.9. Microprocessor 5.3 is implemented on the technology of large integrated circuits (LSI). As a microprocessor 5.3, any industrial microprocessor may be used. For example, the 8086 series and above. A description of the principles of operation of microprocessor 5.3 is given in the book Ugryumov EP "Digital circuitry." St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2002, p.249-253.

The switching unit 6 (11) is designed for connecting / disconnecting inputs

- "frequency coefficients" from block 5 (12) to the radio transmitter 1 (16);

- "correspondent information" to the radio transmitter 1 (16);

- "information" from the measuring radio 7 (10) to the output of the radio line,

as well as the output "correspondent frequency coefficients" from block 5 (12) under the action of control signals from the block for generating weighted frequency coefficients 5 (12). The block diagram of the switching unit 6 (11) is shown in Fig.4. The switching unit 6 (11) consists of the first 6.1, second 6.2, third 6.3, fourth 6.4 elements with three output states, the control inputs of which are the first, second, third, fourth control inputs of block 6 (11), respectively. The information inputs of the first 6.1, second 6.2 and fourth 6.4 elements with three output states are the inputs of “correspondent information”, “information” and “frequency coefficients” of block 6 (11), respectively. The output of the first 6.1 and fourth 6.4 elements with three output states are combined and are the information output of block 6 (11). The output of the second 6.2 and third 6.3 elements with three output states are outputs, respectively, “information from the correspondent” and “frequency coefficients of the correspondent” of block 6 (11). The information input of the second element 6.2 with three output states is connected to the information input of the third 6.3 element with three output states. An element with three output states 6.1 ... 6.4 is a switching element of switching unit 6 (11). An element with three output states 6.1 ... 6.4 is known and described in the book Ugryumov E.P. "Digital circuitry". St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2002, p.10-11, Fig. 1.4.

The inventive device operates as follows.

Initially, the timer is initialized at the first and second points of communication: setting the time interval at which the weighting coefficients of the frequencies do not change (the interval of quasistationarity of the single-frequency decameter communication channel is 5-7 minutes), starting the timer (see block 1 of the MPA 5.3 algorithm of operation). The timer is implemented in software in the block for the formation of weighting coefficients of frequencies 5 (12) based on microprocessor 5.3. Next, the microprocessor 5.3 calculates the weight coefficients of the frequencies a = 1 / N and writes these coefficients to the first half of the memory cells of the memory device 5.5 by issuing an enable signal to port 20, the addresses to port 21, the recording signal to port 19 and the frequency coefficients to port 22 and in the first half of the cells of the correspondent storage device 5.7 by issuing an enable signal to port 25, addresses to port 26, a recording signal to port 24 and frequency coefficients to port 27. Zeros are written into free memory cells. The weighting coefficient of the first frequency of the software tuning is recorded in the first memory cell, the second in the second, etc. After that, the microprocessor 5.3 disconnects the decoders 1.7 _{1 of} the pseudo-random sequence converter 1.7 of the radio transmitter 1 (16) and the 7.1 _{N + 1} decoder of the pseudo-random sequence converter 7.1 of the information radio receiver 7 (10) by issuing a logical zero to ports 8 and 30 (radio transmitter control 1 output (16 ) and an informational radio 7 (10), respectively, of the unit for generating weight coefficients of frequencies 5 (12)) and the inclusion of the first 5.2 and second 5.9 decoders of the unit for generating weight coefficients nt frequencies 5 (12) by issuing a signal of a logical unit to ports 7 and 31. Next, the microprocessor 5.3 reads the weighting coefficients of the frequencies from the memory device 5.5 and the correspondent memory device 5.7 (the read operation is similar to the write operation except: instead of the write signal to the memory the device receives a read signal through the corresponding port of the microprocessor, the write operation to the storage device 5.5 and the correspondent storage device 5.7 is described above). Next, the microprocessor 5.3 calculates the coefficients of comparison of the transmission and reception of frequencies of software tuning according to the formula (2) and (3). After each calculation, microprocessor 5.3 records the transmission comparison coefficients in the first group of memory registers 5.1 by issuing the register code to the first decoder 5.2 through port 6 and the second decoder 5.9 through port 1, synchronization signals through port 9 (the first group of memory registers 5.1) and port 29 (the second group of memory registers 5.9), transmission comparison coefficients through port 10 and reception comparison coefficients - through port 28. Next, microprocessor 5.3 switches off the first 5.2 and second decoders 5.9 by issuing signals logic logic to ports 31 and 7 and includes decoders of pseudo-random sequence converters 1.7 and 7.1 by issuing a logical unit signal to ports 8 and 30. Then microprocessor 5.3 generates a signal for connecting the radio line input to encoder 1.8 of radio transmitter 1 (16) and decoder 7.5 to the output radio lines by issuing a logical unit signal to the first and second inputs of the switching unit 6 (11) through ports 11 and 12. The process of transmitting (receiving) information to the correspondent (from the correspondent) is carried out. All the above operations, except for initializing the timer and calculating the weight coefficients of the frequencies a = 1 / N, are designed to prepare each point of communication for radio communications in the program tuning mode, taking into account the calculated frequency coefficients. After performing the above operations, the radio link operates in the mode of uniform software tuning of the operating frequencies (all frequencies of the tuning software at which the radio operates at the current time are used the same number of times).

A distinctive feature of the operation of the claimed radio link with software tuning of the operating frequency is that each communication point for transmission is allocated two frequency ranges of software tuning: Δf1, Δf2 - to the first communication point, Δf3, Δf4 - to the second communication point. Each band contains N / 2 frequencies. Initially, the first communication point operates in the transmission range Δf1, and the frequency analysis performs in the range Δf4, the second communication point operates in the range Δf3, the frequency analysis - Δf2. The weighting coefficients of the frequencies of the transmission range of the first and second points of communication on which the radio link is operating at the current time, are equal to zero. For each frequency range at the first and second communication point, a strictly defined memory area is allocated for recording the weight coefficients of the frequencies in the memory device 5.5 and the correspondent memory device 5.7. After the timer has been triggered, the first communication point transmits in the Δf2 range, frequency analysis - in the Δf3 range, the second communication point - transmission in the Δf4 range, frequency analysis - in the Δf1 range. After the next command from the timer, the first communication point transmits in the Δf1 range, frequency analysis - in the Δf4 range, the second communication point - transmission in the Δf3 range, frequency analysis - Δf2, etc. Such an algorithm for operating a radio link with frequency hopping is designed so that the information transmitted by the correspondent does not affect the analysis of frequencies of the tuning program, in addition, it helps to increase the noise immunity of the radio link with frequency hopping. This algorithm is implemented in software based on microprocessor 5.3.

After the initial establishment of radio communication in the mode of uniform software adjustment of the operating frequencies, the weighting coefficients of the frequencies are calculated at each communication point. In this case, microprocessor 5.3 issues the commands "address", "read", "range" to the memory device frequencies 4.4 through ports 4, 3,2. From the frequency storage device 4.4, the frequency code is issued to the decoder 4.3, which is transmitted to the measuring radio 4.4, tuning it to the analyzed frequency. From the high-frequency output and the output of the reference frequency block of the measuring radio receiver 4.1, the frequency analyzer 4.2 receives, respectively, the level of the effective value of the interference voltage and the signal "end of tuning". Frequency analyzer 4.2 converts the analog signal of the interference level into a digital code, which is read by the microprocessor via port 5. After reading the code of the interference level, the microprocessor 5.3 calculates the intermediate frequency weight coefficient

A1 = 0 for u _{p i} ≥ u _then

and recording the value of the intermediate frequency weighting factor in the intermediate storage device 5.4 by issuing the signals "record", "resolution", "address", the value of the intermediate frequency weighting factor through the ports 15-18, respectively. Next, the microprocessor 5.3 calculates and writes to the intermediate storage device 5.4 an intermediate weight coefficient of the next frequency, etc. for all analyzed frequencies.

After calculating the intermediate weights of the frequencies, the microprocessor 5.3 determines the sum of the intermediate weights of all frequencies. If the value of the found sum is equal to zero, then microprocessor 5.3 provides the formation of a uniform frequency hopping mode by recording the weight coefficients of the frequencies a = 1 / N in the corresponding cells of the memory device 5.5 (this operation is described in detail above), in the free memory cells of the memory device 5.5 and the correspondent memory 5.7 zeros are written. Next, the microprocessor 5.3 checks the receipt of commands from the timer.

If the sum of the intermediate weighting coefficients of the frequencies is greater than zero, then the microprocessor 5.3 sequentially calculates the weighting coefficients of the frequency according to formula (1) and saves the calculated value in the corresponding cells of the memory device 5.5 for all analyzed frequencies. Zero are recorded in the free memory cells of the memory device 5.5 and the correspondent memory device 5.7. Thus, the calculation and recording of weighting coefficients of frequencies is carried out.

Further, if the command from the timer was not received, then the microprocessor 5.3 repeatedly performs the operation of calculating the weighting coefficients of the frequency for a given range and so on until the command from the timer arrives.

Upon receipt of a command from the timer at each communication point, the microprocessor 5.3 disconnects the input and output of the radio link from the encoder 1.8 and decoder 7.5, respectively, by issuing a logical zero signal through ports 11 and 12 to inputs 1 and 2 of switching unit 6 (11). Converters 1.8 and decoder 7.5 are used to connect converters of parallel code to serial 5.6 and serial to parallel 5.8 by issuing microprocessor 5.3 a logical unit signal through ports 13 and 14 to input 3 and 4 of switching unit 6 (11). Thus, each point of contact is prepared for transmission and reception of weighted frequency coefficients.

Next, the microprocessor 5.3 prepares the memory device 5.5 for reading the weight coefficient of the first frequency, and the correspondent memory device 5.7 for recording the weight coefficient of the first frequency by issuing the signals "read", "resolution", "address", "weight coefficient of frequency" through ports 19- 22 to the storage device 5.5 and the signals "read", "permission", "address" through ports 24-26 to the correspondent storage device 5.7. After that, synchronization signals are output to the control inputs of the converters of the parallel code into serial 5.6 and the serial code into parallel 5.8 through port 23 for the time required to transmit and receive the weight coefficient of frequencies (determined by the speed of the storage devices - up to 10 ms). This procedure is repeated for all frequencies of the program tuning.

After transmitting and receiving the weighted frequency coefficients, the microprocessor 5.3 prepares the radio line for radio communications taking into account the calculated (received) weighted frequency coefficients. This process is described above.

After preparing the radio line for radio communications taking into account the calculated (received) weight coefficients of the frequencies, the microprocessor 5.3 generates commands for calculating the weight coefficients of the frequencies of another program tuning range, etc.

In the time intervals of transmission / reception of weighted frequency coefficients at each communication point, information is transmitted and received to and from the correspondent.

In the process of transmitting information, the input information sequence of pulses from the output "information" of the switching unit 6 (11) is fed to the input of the encoder 1.8, which converts it into an output pulse sequence with additional code redundancy. This sequence of encoded pulses is fed to the input of modulator 1.5, which converts it into a modulated high-frequency signal at the current carrier frequency, which is fed to the input of modulator 1.5 from the output of frequency synthesizer 1.4. Further, the high-frequency signal is amplified by a power amplifier 1.6 and radiated by a radio transmitting antenna 2 (15). The current carrier frequency is generated in the frequency synthesizer 1.4 in accordance with the control signals supplied to the input of the synthesizer 1.4 from the output of the control device 1.3, to the input of which the converted pseudorandom sequence is received.

The principle of transforming a pseudo-random sequence is as follows: a random number coming from the PSP 1.2 generator (7.3) is compared with the transmission (reception) comparison coefficients. A range of adjacent values of the comparison coefficients corresponds to a certain frequency of software tuning. A range of comparison coefficients is found in which the random number is greater than the current value, but less than the next. This determines the next frequency of software tuning. From the output of the converter PSP 1.7 (7.3), a number is output corresponding to the number of the generator PSP 1.2 (7.3) while ensuring uniform frequency hopping.

This PSP transformation algorithm is based on the well-known method of geometric interpretation of the probabilities of N events as N sections of the corresponding length that fit on a unit length segment (see E. Wentzel, “Probability Theory.” - M.: State Publishing House of Physical and Mathematical Literature, 1962, p. 300-302). The length of the plot in this case is determined by the weight coefficient of the frequency.

In the process of receiving information, the radio signal received by antenna 8 (9), after amplification in the input amplifier 7.9, is fed to the signal input of the local oscillator 7.8, which provides the transfer of the radio signal with software tuning of the operating frequency to an intermediate frequency. From the mixer-local oscillator 7.8, the radio signal is fed to the input of the detector 7.7, which selects low-frequency information and feeds it to the input of the resolver 7.6. In the decider 7.6, the encoded sequence of pulses is restored. Further, informational sequences of pulses are fed to the input of decoder 7.5, in which the error correction process is carried out. After decoder 7.5, the information sequence through the switching unit 6 (11) is fed to the output of the radio link.

In the claimed radio link at each communication point using the automatic gain control unit 7.10, automatic gain control is implemented according to the envelope of the signal, which allows receiving a radio signal in conditions of slow fading in the radio channel.

When choosing a timer interval, you should be guided by the interval of quasi-stationarity of the radio communication channel (on average 10-15 minutes, see "Military Radio Communication Systems. Part I" / V.V. Ignatov, Yu.P. Kilimnik, I.N. Nikolsky and others; Under the editorship of V.V. Ignatov. - L .: YOU, 1989, p. 22-23). The timer interval should be chosen less than the quasistationary time of the radio channel per time interval of transmission / reception of weighted frequency coefficients.

The positive effect of the claimed device in comparison with the radio prototype will demonstrate the following example.

Assume that software tuning is performed at three frequencies with an interference level of 5 dB, 10 dB and 15 dB, respectively. The threshold value of the interference level is 20 dB. The effective signal voltage level is 35 dB. These indicators are taken from real data while providing a radio communication session. Type of modulation - frequency telegraphy. Radio communication is carried out using the mechanism of reflection of radio waves from the ionosphere. Based on the received data, weighted frequency coefficients calculated by the formula (1), α ₁ = 0.42, α ₂ = 0.35 and α ₃ = 0.23. Error probability

h ₀ = u _{with eff} / u _{p eff} ;

9.98 · 10 ^-4 , 3.142 · 10 ^-3 , 3.142 · 10 ^-3 at each frequency, respectively.

In this example, the error probability in a radio link with frequency hopping can be calculated as (see Pshenichnikov A.V., Semisoshenko M.A. "Method for calculating noise immunity of a decameter communication line with frequency hopping." / 58th Scientific and Technical Conference. Conference proceedings - St. Petersburg : "LETI", 2003. S.91-92)

According to the formula (6), the probability of error in the claimed radio link and prototype radio link is 3,774 · 10 ^-3 . In a radio link with uniform frequency hopping for the same data, 4.602 · 10 ^-3 . The probability of error is 1.22.

Suppose also that after a period of time of quasistationarity of the radio channel (10-15 minutes), the interference situation at the frequencies changed and amounted to 15, 10, 5 dB, respectively. The values of the weighting coefficients of the frequencies will be α ₁ = 0.23, α ₂ = 0.35 and α ₃ = 0.42. The prototype radio link does not provide for a change in the tuning algorithm, so the probability of error is 5.447 · 10 ^-3 . In a radio line with a uniform frequency hopping, the error probability value will not change: 4.602 · 10 ^-3 . In the claimed radio link - 3,774 · 10 ^-3 , i.e. the noise immunity of the prototype radio link has become worse than that of a radio link with a uniform frequency hopping frequency of 1.18 times, compared to the claimed radio link, by 1.44 times.

Further, the level of the value of the effective interference voltage at the first frequency exceeded the threshold value and amounted to 30 dB. In the inventive radio link, the first frequency will be excluded from the tuning mechanism. Frequency weighting factors: α ₁ = 0, α ₂ = 0.45 and α ₃ = 0.55. Then the probability of error in the claimed radio link will be 1.96 · 10 ^-3 . In a radio line with uniform frequency hopping - 7.5 · 10 ^-3 . In the prototype radio link, 9.015 · 10 ^-3 . The gain in noise immunity compared to the prototype radio link was 4.7 times.

Thus, in the General case, when using the mode of adaptation to interference in the radio link with frequency hopping leads to a gain in noise immunity compared to a radio line with a uniform frequency hopping

This gain, in contrast to the prototype radio link, is provided when the interference environment changes at frequencies, i.e. the formulated technical result is realized.

Claims (4)

1. A radio line with a software tuning of the operating frequency, including at the first and second points of communication, a radio transmitter with an antenna and an information radio receiver with an antenna, characterized in that at each communication point, a switching unit, a unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients and a frequency analysis unit, a high-frequency the input of which is connected to an additional receiving antenna, a group of outputs of the transmission and reception comparison coefficients of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients for N outputs in each group, where N> 20 is the number of radio line frequencies allocated for operation, connected respectively to the N inputs of the transmission coefficient of the radio transmitter and N inputs of the comparison coefficient of the information radio receiver, the control outputs of the radio transmitter and the information radio receiver of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients are connected respectively to the control inputs of the radio transmitter and information radio receiver, the first , the second, third and fourth control outputs of the unit for the formation of weighting coefficients of frequencies under respectively, are connected to the first, second, third and fourth control inputs of the switching unit, the information output and input of which are connected respectively to the information input of the radio transmitter and the information output of the information radio receiver, the inputs “interference level” and “correspondent frequency coefficients” of the frequency weighting unit are connected to the outputs, respectively, the "interference level" of the frequency analysis unit and the "correspondent frequency coefficients" of the switching unit, the input "frequency coefficients" It is connected to the output "frequency coefficients" of the unit for generating weighted frequency coefficients, the control outputs "address", "read", "range" of which are connected to the corresponding control inputs "address", "read", "range" of the frequency analysis unit, input " information to the correspondent "and the output" information from the correspondent "of the switching unit are respectively the input and output of the corresponding point of contact. 2. The frequency hopping radio link according to claim 1, characterized in that the weighting coefficient generation unit consists of a first and second decoders, a first and second group of memory registers with N memory registers in each group, a correspondent memory device, a memory device, parallel code converters in serial and serial code in parallel, intermediate storage device, microprocessor, providing the calculation of the weight coefficients of frequencies, depending on the level of interference on the corresponding the corresponding frequencies, as well as the formation of control signals for the processes of frequency analysis, calculation, recording of weight coefficients of frequencies, reception and transmission of information, N outputs of the first and second decoders are connected to the control inputs of the corresponding memory registers of the first and second groups of memory registers, the sixth and seventh ports of the microprocessor connected respectively to the information and control inputs of the first decoder, the tenth and twenty-eighth ports of the microprocessor are connected to the information inputs N p the histories of memory of the first and second groups of memory registers, respectively, the ninth and twenty-ninth ports of the microprocessor are connected to the synchronization inputs of N memory registers of the first and second groups of memory registers, the fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the write / read inputs, "permission", "address", "information" of the intermediate storage device, nineteenth, twentieth, twenty first and twenty second ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively Twenty-second port of the microprocessor is additionally connected to the input of the parallel-to-serial converter, the control input of which is connected to the twenty-third port of the microprocessor and the control input of the converter to the inputs “write / read”, “resolution”, “address”, “information” of the storage device serial code in parallel, twenty-fourth, twenty-fifth, twenty-sixth and twenty-seventh ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the inputs "write / read", "resolution", "address", "information" of the correspondent storage device, and the twenty-seventh port of the microprocessor are also connected to the output of the serial code to parallel converter, the first and thirty-first ports of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the information and control inputs of the second decoder, the thirty and eighth ports of the microprocessor are the control output respectively, by an informational radio receiver and a radio transmitter of a unit for generating weighting coefficients of frequencies, N outputs of the first and N outputs of the second groups of memory registers are respectively the outputs of the transmission comparison coefficients and the reception comparison coefficients of the frequency weighting unit, the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth ports of the microprocessor are the first, second, third and fourth control outputs of the frequency weighting unit, the output of the parallel code converter in serial and the input of the serial to parallel converter, are respectively the output m "frequency coefficients" and the input "correspondent frequency coefficients" of the unit for generating weighting coefficients of frequencies, the second, third and fourth ports of the microprocessor are the outputs "range", "reading", "address" of the unit for generating weighting coefficients of frequencies, and the fifth port of the microprocessor is input "interference level" of the unit for the formation of weighting coefficients of frequencies. 3. The frequency hopping radio link according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency analysis unit consists of a frequency storage device, a decoder, a frequency analyzer, a measuring radio receiver, the high-frequency input of which is the high-frequency input of the unit, the outputs “end of tuning” and “interference level” of the measuring the radio receiver is connected to the inputs of the same frequency analyzer, the output of which is the “interference level” output of the unit, the output of the storage device is connected to the input of the decoder, the output of which is connected to the control input Tel'nykh radio receiver inputs "address", "read" and "range" of the memory device are frequency inputs, respectively, "e", "read" and "range" of the frequency analysis unit. 4. The radio frequency hopper radio link according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching unit consists of first, second, third, fourth elements with three output states, the control inputs of which are the first, second, third, fourth control inputs of the block, information inputs of the first , the second and fourth elements with three output states are inputs, respectively, “information from the correspondent”, “information” and “frequency coefficients” of the block, the output of the first and fourth elements with three output states are combined and are are the information output of the block, the output of the second and third elements with three output states are outputs, respectively, “information from the correspondent” and “frequency coefficients of the correspondent” of the block, the information input of the second element with three output states is connected to the information input of the third element with three output states.

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