RU2269819C2 - Method of adaptive address signaling system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-guard systems.

SUBSTANCE: addresses of on-guard areas of signal tail is determined which tail has on-duty state normally closed relay outputs of fire alarms connected in series corresponding address resistors connected in parallel and end address resistor. Resistors have resistances being individually distinguished at all possible combinations of alarm guard areas at operation of total complex of exploitation, industrial factors and errors in conversions and calculations. According to the method, alarm tail is powered through resistance of power resistor Rpcur, errors in output voltage of alarm tail are filtered, current voltage Upcur of power source and current voltage Utcur of alarm tail are sampled after tail is subject to low frequency filtration. Sampling is subject to analog-to-digital conversion to get number of digits providing true distinction of turning-off and turning-in of minimal resistance of address resistor of alarm tail at background of its maximal possible resistance while taking errors and deviations into account. Digital analog of current resistance RΣcur of alarm tail is calculated and digital identification model of real alarm multiplicity of alarm tail resistances is formed as well as digital identification model of real multiplicity of tail faults. Current group of adjacent like identification fields is formed which fields have to be alarm field and field of faults of tail resistance identification multiplicity to one of which the calculated value of RΣcur or alarm tail fault resistance necessary and exactly belongs. Internal fields of resistances of prophylactic address alarm tail are formed at borders of any alarm current field of alarm identification multiplicity. Moreover, storage of current interpreted values of alarm areas, conditions of prophylactic and malfunction of alarm address tail are used. On the base of results of storage the decision is made on alarm state of guarded areas, prophylactic and malfunction of address alarm tail. By means of dichotomy the address of identification group of that group of adjacent like fields of resistances is searched in memory (alarm field with two prophylactic fields and field of tail resistance malfunction) to which of one the calculated value of current resistance of address alarm tail falls. The last value has to be identified one.

EFFECT: ability to build modern multifunctional adaptive address alarm device; higher efficiency of guard.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire alarm and can be used in automatic control systems for targeted emergency and technological alarm.

The Russian analogue is known from the ATsDR 425513.005 OM operating manual for the alarm control and fire alarm device PPKOP 0104065-20-1 "Signal-20", which implements a method that includes powering alarm loops, measuring and digitizing voltages - analogs of the resistance of alarm loops at current moments time using their alternating multiplexing and analog-to-digital conversion, comparison using microprocessor-based processing of current samples of voltage (resistance) of signal loops from their samples values, control via output ports of internal light indicators, external light and sound sirens, console relays, analysis of configuration parameters of alarm loops, transmission of messages about capture, removal and violation of parameters of alarm loops via RS-485 interface to a control and control panel. The disadvantages of the above method are: the lack of addressing of the detectors inside each alarm loop, the relatively "narrow" range of operating voltage of the power supply of the alarm loops, the relatively high unit cost of creating one security zone.

The known method from the technical description of DV. 334.037 Maintenance on the device of the control and fire alarm and fire alarm control panel "Address", which implements a method that includes the analysis of signal loops connected via single-loop address object blocks to a two-wire line, which serves to transmit information to the control unit about the status of the signal loops corresponding to the object blocks, while information from object blocks is transmitted in the form of current packages to the control unit, converted by its analog-to-digital converter into current digital codes, while the control unit is in 2-wire The bipolar rectangular pulses with an amplitude of 30 V are transmitted to the nth line. The device uses the method of time separation of channels (address single-loop object blocks), when each object block generates a response signal relative to a special starting sequence from the control unit, consisting of a pulse of positive and negative polarity, at a certain time interval . After each start sequence in a two-wire line, time intervals (ticks) are formed containing two pulses of positive and negative polarity. The position number of the beat in the clock sequence of bipolar pulses of one cycle corresponds to the number (address) of a specific single-loop object block, which during the period of operation in the line of its bipolar pulse from the control unit generates a response signal by modulating the amplitude value of the bipolar pulse by a fixed value, while monitoring and measuring current transmissions in the line in each cycle and their difference with respect to the current of the starting pulse is carried out using an analog-to-digital conversion Bani signals in the control unit. The response signal in the line during the action of the negative pulse of the nth clock indicates the connection of the nth object block to the control unit, and the response signal during the positive pulse of the nth clock indicates the fact that the nth loop (object block) is normal otherwise there is no response. The most significant disadvantages of the analogue method are: relatively high cost and weight and size parameters, narrow ranges of operating temperatures and supply voltages of the address object block of the device.

The known alarm method described in the description of the device according to the copyright certificate SU No. 1076931, G 08 V 13/12, containing a signal loop, with a diode and detectors (sensors) connected in series to it, address resistors connected with resistors are connected in parallel to the relay outputs, selected from the conditions of maximum distinguishability of voltage drops on them with all possible combinations of opening the relay contacts of alarm detectors (sensors), while the alarm loop power is supplied from the source and the AC voltage that is output from the signal loop to the low-pass filter that controls the short circuit and the standby (alarm) condition of the loop, and from the input and output of the signal loop to the rectifier, the rectified voltage is converted into a digital code by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) ), the number of discharges of which is chosen equal to the number of detectors (sensors) of the loop; from the outputs of the ADC discharges, the digital equivalent of the voltage drop across the resistors of the alarm detectors (sensors) of the alarm loop is fed to the conversion circuit of each digit of the ADC digital code in the time interval using a pulse counter at each ADC output, according to the time interval, the sensors are detected in an alarm state or false triggering (failure), while in the event of an overflow of the counter (s), which should correspond to the true state of the corresponding sensor (s) in an alarm state, a signal about t of the counter (s) goes through the disjunctor to the alarm relay circuit. So, with the appearance of a logical unit in the corresponding ADC category, indicating the current alarm state of a certain sensor (its open relay and inclusion in the sensor resistor loop), clock pulses are sent to the counting input of the counter corresponding to it, and if during the alarm state of the sensor occurs overflow of its counter, which corresponds to the interval of the control time, then a decision is made about the alarm state of the sensor, and if overflow of the counter does not occur (the sensor does not decided on standby), then a false alarm is not formed.

In the event of a break in the loop for a time longer than the control time, or in case of a short circuit, alarms are generated in it.

The disadvantages of this method are:

- a high level of false alarms and false malfunctions of the loop, determined by their dependence on the value and stability of the amplitude of the voltage pulses of the alarm loop power supply, on the value of the production and operational deviations of the resistance of the loop resistors from the nominal values, on the magnitude of the change in the voltage drop across the loop diode from the operating temperature and from the magnitude of the current through the diode;

- high costs of maintenance and identifying the causes of triggering detectors loop alarm.

The invention is known - the patent of Germany No. 3300964, IPC G 08 B 26/00, which can be used in security systems, fire and industrial-technological alarm systems to monitor the state of activity of many posts (stations, protected areas). The state of activity (alarm) or the standby state of each object (station) is characterized by the open (normally open) or closed (normally closed) state of its switch (relay) with a resistor connected in parallel to its contacts. The method implemented in the device includes an alarm loop closed at the end with address resistors, in parallel with which switches are turned on in the form of normally closed standby contacts of stations (devices), which open when the corresponding stations are activated, including the corresponding address resistors in operation, while the resistance of the address resistors are selected non-repeating and located in a binary (multiple of two) ratio to each other. This alarm loop is powered by a DC generator. The current voltage value from the output of the signal loop (instantaneous voltage value in the loop), which determines the current state of its total resistance, consisting of combinations of addressable resistors connected in parallel with the loop and the corresponding closed / open contacts of the station (device) switches, is subjected to analog-digital conversion with the number of n bits of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) equal to the number of stations / address loop resistors. Each current combination of the state of n address resistors (monitored objects) in the form of a current (instantaneous) voltage drop in the loop is converted with a quantization interval (t) into the corresponding individual n-bit binary code, while the position number of each ADC binary bit uniquely characterizes the duty or the active state of a specific object (an address resistor in a loop), and in general, the current n-bit binary code of the ADC uniquely characterizes the current combination (set b) the integral state of objects whose addresses, when they are active, are set by the resistances of the corresponding loop resistors.

A counter of current states of the corresponding discharge is connected to the output of each ADC discharge in the interval (mt, where m> 1) of the time, which provides the accumulation of signals to reduce false positives, while the number (coefficient) of bit accumulations in the counter, depending on the situation, can also be adjusted in further recorded and displayed as a characteristic of the number, sequence and frequency in the interval (mt) of active and standby states and the time spent in them of each object (station). The quantization period (frequency) is determined by the ADC, while the current signal sampling from the integral value of the loop voltage about the state of the objects is adjusted by the converter (ADC) at the beginning of each conversion (quantization) clock. In the analogue method, the positional values of the resistances of the resistors R, 2R, 4R, ..., 128R of the address signal loop can be represented in any positional combination, which does not affect the result of recognition (identification) of the states of their corresponding objects (stations, ...) . Bitwise binary signals from the outputs of the respective counters are used after processor processing to display / indicate the active (alarm) / standby state of each station. The disadvantages of this method are its unsatisfactory performance and noise immunity, caused primarily by the use of a current generator to power the alarm loop. As you know, the current generator is a device whose internal resistance is much greater than the total resistance of the electric circuit it feeds (connected to it) —the loop, the input resistance of the control device and that provides the specified error in determining the total loop resistance in the patent under consideration. The internal resistance of the current generator determines the current in the alarm loop, the value of which cannot ensure its practical use for the declared conditions and specifics of application.

For example, we choose the minimum resistance of the loop resistor R = 178 Ohms with the actual error of the resistance of the loop resistors of the order of 0.2% (production tolerance due to deviation from the nominal value of 0.1% and due to the TCS 0.1%), then for the example in the patent the resistance of the eighth address resistor is 128 R = 22784 Ohms, and the total resistance (nominal values) of eight address resistors of the loop (when all objects / stations are activated - the switches are open) will be 45390 Ohms. The ohmic resistance of the loop is not taken into account. Based on the condition that the internal resistance of the current generator should not introduce an error, for example, more than 0.1% of the total maximum resistance of the loop, we obtain the value of the internal resistance of the current generator 45.39 MΩ.

Having the power supply voltage (alternator) with an internal resistance of 45.39 MOhm equal to, for example, + 24 V, current I _SHL obtain in a loop:

I _sl = 24 / (45390000 + 22784) = 0.528 μA.

Obviously, with such a current in an extended loop, neither the device nor the contact groups (detector relays, junction boxes) of the loop itself will be able to work, especially under conditions of industrial interference. An increase in the error to 1% introduced by the current generator in determining the loop resistance will hardly solve the situation, and a 1% error for megaohm resistance values is a problem. In the considered method, there is a methodologically low reliability of identification of the resistance of the addressable resistors, due to the lack of accounting for the errors of the loop resistors, the instability of the voltage / current of the loop power supply, the lack of distinguishing the fault of the loop resistance, from the operation of its detectors, etc.

All the analogs discussed above do not have a parametric analysis of the alarm loop, notifying until the occurrence of a malfunction in it about the need for preventive maintenance (maintenance).

The closest in essential features to the proposed one is the adaptive address signaling method according to patent No. 2209468, IPC 7 G 08 V 25/00, which provides invariance to changes in a wide range of power supply voltages of the signal loop, to changing operating conditions and parameters of components of the signal loop, increasing reliability address identification of alarm zones and faults in the alarm loop. The adaptive address signaling prototype method includes determining the addresses of the current alarm security zones of the signaling address loop containing the terminal element in the form of an address resistor sequentially connected to it, relay outputs of the detectors normally closed in the standby (alarm) state, parallel to which the addressable resistors corresponding to them are connected; addressable resistors of the alarm loop are selected from the condition of their individual reliable distinguishability with all possible combinations of alarming security zones and under the influence of the whole range of operational, production factors and errors of transformations and calculations of the method and device, while the alarm loop is powered from a constant voltage source through the resistance of the resistor R _p loop power source _flowed in series with the alarm loop, the output voltage alarm loop and cleaned from interference by the low-pass filter, in each current cycle of the device, sequential correlated samples are made and their analog-to-digital conversion of the current voltage of the signal loop power supply and the current output voltage of the signal loop after it is filtered by the low-pass filter, the digital value of the current loop resistance is calculated by the formula

Where

R _{Σ tech} - the total digital value of the resistance of the current set of address resistors included in the signal loop - an analogue of the real current set of resistances of its address resistors at the beginning of the current cycle of the device;

U _{sl tech} - voltage drop in the alarm loop at the current time;

U _{p tech} - voltage power supply loop signal at the current time;

R _{p tech} - the current digital value of the resistance of the resistor connected inside the device in series between the signal loop and its power source.

All components of the formula are represented by n bit binary code, the number of bits of which is selected from the conditions of reliable distinguishing between turning on or off the minimum resistance of the address resistor of the signal loop against the background of its maximum possible resistance, taking into account production, technological and destabilizing factors during operation.

A digital identification model of the real alarm set of resistance of the address loop of the alarm is generated, when each single possible combination of alarm addressing resistors (alarm security zones) of the loop is assigned two unique maximum possible operating values of the current loop resistance - upper and lower, having a common current nominal resistance value loop in the form of the sum of the nominal values of the resistance of the current set of alarm address resistors, terminating resistor and typical ohmic resistance of the loop, while for the formation of the upper and lower values of the current loop resistance, its nominal resistance value is respectively increased and decreased by the normalized maximum respectively positive and negative deviations of the resistance of the alarm addressing resistors, terminal resistor and typical ohmic resistance of the loop for due to production and operational factors, the resistance of the loop power resistor and errors of analog, discrete, and analog-to-digital conversions of power supply voltage, loop voltage signals, and computational errors of the digital value of the loop current resistance, while the formed upper and lower values of the loop current resistance are the boundaries of its current alarm field, into which all current possible operating values fall resistances of the considered alarming set of addressable loop resistors with the same nominal resistance base. The number of current alarm resistance fields of the combined loop is equal to the number of possible combinations of alarm addressable resistors of the loop and forms its alarming identification set, which in the form of the same name (equal address) values of the resistance of the boundaries of the current alarm identification fields are stored in the memory of permanent memory devices: from the minimum value when the terminal resistor the loop is shorted (sabotage jumper), and the address resistors of the loop detectors are shorted by the contacts of their relays (corresponding s them detectors are untroubled state) to a maximum value when all the address resistors, including terminating resistor are incorporated in the loop (all its detectors are in alarm condition).

The field of standby state of the loop (it can be considered the only degenerate alarm field of the loop) is conditionally entered into the alarm identification set when it is in the alarm state: the first address resistor of the loop - its end resistor is included in the loop (standby mode of operation of the terminal resistor), and address resistors the loop detectors are shorted by the contacts of their alarm relays (alarm state of the detectors), while the nominal basis of the loop standby state field is the sum of the nominal value of otivleniya terminal resistor and the accepted typical ohmic resistance of the loop.

The alarming identification set is discrete, its alarming fields, including the field of the standby state of the loop, are disjoint.

A digital identification model of the real plurality of loop faults is formed, which is located outside the resistance fields of the identification alarm plume set. The identification set of faults of the loop resistances is discrete, its fault fields are disjoint. When the current alarm field of the identification set is generated, the adjacent (of the same name) current field of faults of the identification set is formed together, which can be located both between adjacent alarm current fields of the identification alarm set and outside its maximum possible value (including when the loop is broken) .

From the alarm identification set and the identification set of faults, the identification set of resistances of the alarm loop is formed.

Form the current group of adjacent (of the same name) current identification fields: the alarm field and the fault field of the identification set of loop resistance, one of which, necessarily and uniquely, includes:

- or the calculated current alarm value of the resistance R _{Σ of the} alarm loop current, which corresponds to the only possible combination of the sum of the nominal values of the resistance of the alarm address resistors of the alarm identification field, this combination of alarm address resistors uniquely determines the addresses of alarm detectors and / or the terminal loop resistor in the current time cycle identification / interpretation;

- or the calculated current fault value of the resistance R _{Σ of the} loop signal.

Upon the fact of the current identification / interpretation of alarm and fault conditions of the resistance of the alarm loop, the address signals of the corresponding alarm light alerts, the integrated sound alert, the integrated alarm to the central monitoring console are generated.

The disadvantages of the above method of adaptive address signaling relative to the claimed are:

- high unit cost of implementation and operating costs for the organization of one security / fire / control zone;

- a relatively low reliability of the identification of the current voltage sample U _{went the} alarm loop, when this sample occurs at the time of contact bounce of the alarm relays of the detectors when they are triggered (on / off) and caused by it and a change in voltage in the signal cable of the transient during low-pass filtering;

- a relatively long identification time of the current resistance of the signaling address loop, defined in the limit by iterative enumeration of all groups of adjacent resistance fields of the identification set, the number of which is two to the power of m, where m is the number of addressing line resistors;

- the absence of warning signals about the timeliness and the need for routine maintenance with an address signal loop;

The main objectives of the invention are:

- reduction of the unit cost of implementation and operating costs for the organization of one security / fire / control zone;

- increasing the noise immunity of the method and devices for its implementation during transients in each signal loop and in the low-pass filtering circuits of its output signals caused by an unsteady state (bounce) of the loop detector relay contacts when they are triggered and switching to other current values of the loop resistance and voltage signaling;

- increasing the reliability of the interpretation of false alarms of detectors;

- reducing the identification time of the current resistance of the signal loop to a value equal to the limit of the polling time of m groups of adjacent, homonymous (unicast) resistance fields of the identification set;

- the formation of warning signals about the timely conduct of routine maintenance, ensuring a reduction in maintenance costs and high reliability of the device that implements the method;

- disabling the alarm loop when its zones do not require protection.

The tasks are achieved by the fact that in the adaptive address signaling method, which includes determining the addresses of the alarm zones of the alarm loop, regardless of their current set of combinations, which contains the relay outputs of the detectors normally closed in standby state and the terminal resistors corresponding to them are connected in parallel an element in the form of an address resistor having resistances that are individually distinguishable with all kinds of combinations of alarm security zones under the action of the whole complex of operational, production factors and errors of transformations and calculations of the method and device containing the power supply of the signal loop from a constant voltage source through the resistance of the resistor R p power supply, containing noise filtering in the output voltage of the signal loop of the low-pass filter; a sample of the current voltage U _{p tech} power supply signal loop and its analog-to-digital conversion to n-bit code; sample current voltage U _{SL tech} loop signal after low-pass filtering and its analog-digital conversion, the number n of bits which provide a significant distinction on (or off) the minimum resistance address resistor signaling loop on the background of its maximum possible resistance for errors, deviations due to destabilizing factors; calculation of a digital analogue of the current resistance R _{Σ tech} alarm loop according to the formula

Where

R _{Σ tech} - the total digital value of the resistance of the current set of addressable resistors, the ohmic resistance of the wires and contact connections included in the signal loop, is an analog of its real current resistance at the beginning of the current cycle of the device;

U _{sl tech} - voltage drop in the alarm loop at the current time;

U _{p tech} - constant voltage power supply loop signal at the current time;

R _{p tech} - the current value of the resistance of the resistor (loop power), sequentially connected inside the device between the power source and the alarm loop;

containing the formation of a digital identification model of the real alarm set of resistance of the alarm loop as follows: each unique possible combination of alarm addressing resistors (alarm security zones) of the loop is assigned two unique maximum possible operating values of the loop current resistance - upper and lower, having a common current nominal value loop resistance in the form of the sum of the nominal values of the resistances of the current set of tr important address resistors, terminal resistor, and typical ohmic resistance of the loop, and to form the upper and lower values of the current loop resistance, its current nominal resistance value is respectively increased and decreased by the maximum positive and negative deviations of the resistance of the alarm address resistors, terminal resistor, and typical ohmic loop resistance due to production and operational factors, take into account deviations from the nominal of the resistance value of the loop power resistor, take into account the errors of the analog, discrete, and analog-to-digital conversions of the power supply voltage signals, loop voltage, and the calculation errors of the digital value of the loop current resistance, while the upper and lower values of the loop current resistance formed are the boundaries of its current alarm field, into which all the current possible operational values of the resistances of the considered alarming set of address resistors an IF with the same nominal basis of its resistance, while the number of possible current alarm fields of the loop resistance is equal to the number of possible combinations of alarm addressing resistors of the signal loop and forms its alarming identification set, provided with a physical memory in / from which the same names are stored / read (equal address ) the values of the resistance of the boundaries of the current alarm fields: from the minimum value when the terminal loop resistor is shorted (sabotage jumper), and the address resistors of the detector the first loop is shorted by the contacts of their relays (the corresponding detectors are in an alarm state), to the maximum value when all addressable resistors, including the terminal resistor, are included in the loop (all of its detectors are in alarm); containing the formation of a digital identification model of the real set of faults of the loop, the values of which are located outside the resistance fields of the identification alarm set of the loop; containing the formation of the current groups of adjacent identification fields of the same name: the alarm field and the fault field of the identification set of loop resistances, one of which, necessarily and uniquely, contains the calculated current value R _{Σ tech} alarm or fault resistance of the alarm loop, and the fact of establishing identification of the current value of the loop resistance and, in case of its alarm state, put in line the only possible combination of the sum of the nominal nyh resistance values of resistors its alarm address that uniquely interpret the addresses in anxiety guard zones (anxiety detectors and / or EOL active states remotes stations other equipment) signaling loop in the current time cycle identification / interpretation; upon the establishment of the current identification / interpretation of alarm and fault conditions of the resistance of the alarm loop, the address signals of the corresponding alarm notifications are generated, including a short circuit, light alerts and the integrated sound alert signal, accumulation of the current interpreted values of the alarm zones, preventive conditions and malfunction of the address alarm loop in its current resulting interpretation, the results of which decide on an alarming state yanii security zones, fault prevention and address loop alarm; the dichotomy / bisection method is used to search for the address of that group of current values of the same name (adjacent) fields (alarms and faults) of the resistance of the identification set in its physical memory, one of which contains a controlled calculated value of the current resistance of the signal loop; form on the borders of each current alarm field of the identification set adjacent internal current fields of prevention of the address loop of the alarm, the external limit borders of the current alarm field coincide with the external limit of the two internal fields of prevention, the internal limit of which, provided by physical memory, is chosen depending on destabilizing static and dynamic operating conditions, parameters and errors of the address loop cancellations and devices, taking into account a posteriori statistics and the time required for timely preventive (scheduled) work, while getting the current sample of the resistance of the address signal loop into one of the prevention fields is interpreted as the corresponding alarm conditions and notification of the security zones (detectors) of the loop, and in warning signals about the need for its prevention; they use t (several) similar address signal loops with corresponding power resistors; over the output voltages of each of t address signal loops carry out identical procedures for current transformations, calculations, identification, interpretation, accumulation of interpreted values of the status of the protection zones of the same name, preventive conditions and malfunctions resulting the current interpretation of the alarm state of the security zones, the preventive and faulty states of each address loop and signaling, wherein the power supply loops, procedures analog-digital conversion, calculation and identification is carried out using common to all loops and algorithmic techniques; adjacent samples of the current voltages of the same address signal loop are applied over a time interval longer than the t-fold total maximum possible duration of the transient process in the address signal loop, the maximum possible duration of the transient process with low-frequency voltage filtering from the output of the signal address loop, maximum conversion time, computing and identification, device interpretation time; for burglar alarms, loops are introduced with the right to disable each of them when the monitored zones do not require protection; loops for alarm and fire alarms are used without the right to turn them off.

The application of the proposed method allows to build modern multifunctional adaptive address signaling devices and effectively use them to protect objects of any category, while ensuring high economic efficiency, since the cost of address resistors is hundreds of times lower than the cost of addressable modules of detectors, and the multi-loop device allows you to concentrate technical intelligence, improving and making cost-effective and applicable the use of procedures such as ide typification, accumulation of current interpreted values of alarm zones, faulty and preventive states of each of t signal loops to increase their resistance to destabilizing factors, a sharp decrease in identification / interpretation time by dichotomy the address space of the physical memory of the identification set when searching for the desired group of resistance fields for identification the current sample of the resistance of each alarm loop. The construction of devices on the basis of the proposed method provides a sharp decrease in the level of installation work, materials and components (loop wires, duct, junction boxes, fasteners); reduction in maintenance and repair costs; adaptability of the device to a change in the supply voltage of the alarm loop (for example, operability in the range from 4 V to 16 V).

In the address loop of the alarm, you can use detectors having a solid-state relay as an alarm relay, the maximum ohmic resistance of the open channel of which does not exceed the value determined by the permissible error allocated to it.

One of the options for the general scheme of a multi-loop device for implementing the adaptive address signaling method is shown in the drawing, where:

1 - group of the first ... t-th address loops 1.1 ... 1.t signaling;

2 - block transforms, including group 2.1 of the first ... t-th filter 2.1.1 ... 2.1.t low frequencies (low-pass filter); 2.2 - power supply voltage (G) of group 1 of the first ... t-th address loop 1.1 ... 1.t signaling; 2.3 - case / common bus of the block 2 transformations; 2.4 - group of the first ... t-th resistors Rn1 ... Rn t, through which power is supplied from the power supply source 2.2, respectively, of the first ... t-th address loops 1.1 ... 1.t of the signaling group 1 loops; 2.5 - multiplexer; 2.6 - analog-to-digital converter; a - bus - n-bit information transfer bus; 3 - computing unit; 4 - block identification and interpretation; 5 - notification block.

The analog outputs / inputs of the first ... t-th address loops 1.1 .... 1.t of the signaling group 1 of the loops are connected to the first ... t-th analog inputs / outputs of the block 2 transformations, the n-bit output of which through the information - the bus is connected to the input of the computing unit 3, the output of which is connected to the input of the identification and interpretation unit 4, the output of which is connected to the input of the notification unit 5. Each of the t address loops 1.1 .... 1.t of the alarm of group 1 of loops contains the relay outputs of the first ... (m-1) detectors (sensors) I1 ... Im-1, normally closed in standby state, in series in parallel to which are connected the second ... mth address resistors R2 ... Rm, which are binary differing in magnitude of the resistances, respectively, a terminal element in the form of an address resistor R1, having resistances that are individually distinguishable with all kinds of combinations of alarming security zones under the action of the whole complex of operational, industrial duction factors and transformation errors and computing devices. The signal output of the first ... t-th address loop 1.1 ... 1.t of the signal is simultaneously the input of their separate power supply, respectively, through the first ... t-th resistors Rn1 ... Rnt of group 2.4 resistors from the source 2.2 of the supply voltage, the first ... tth resistors Rn1 ... Rnt have identical normalized resistance parameters, including the nominal value. The address resistors of the same name R1 ... Rm and the limiting ohmic resistances of the first ... t-th address loops 1.1 ... 1.t of the alarm have identical normalized resistance parameters. In block 2 transformations, its first ... t-th analog outputs / inputs, respectively, of the first ... t-th address loops 1.1 ... 1.t of the alarm are connected respectively to the signal inputs of the first ... t-th filter 2.1.1 ... 2.1.t of the lower frequencies of group 2.4 and to the second terminals, respectively, of the first ... t-th power resistors Rn1 ... Rnt, respectively, of the first ... t-th address loop 1.1 ... 1.t signaling, the first conclusions which are combined and connected to the output of the positive potential + Un of the source 2.2 power supply of the address loops and to the (t + 1) -th signal analog input Хп mule multiplexer 2.5, to the first ... t-th inputs of which the outputs of the first ... t-th filter 2.1.1 ... 2.1.t of the lower frequencies are connected, the common inputs of which are connected respectively to the common outputs / inputs of the first ... of the t-th address loop 1.1 ... 1.t of the signaling and to the common bus 2.3 connected to the negative potential U _{p of the} power source 2.2 of the address loop power. The output of the analog multiplexer 2.5 is connected to the signal input of the analog-to-digital converter 2.6, the first ... n - and the outputs Q1 ... Qn of the bits of which are connected respectively to the input part of the n-bit a - bus, which connects the information output of the conversion unit 2 to the information the input of block 3 calculations.

The device operates as follows. After applying the supply voltage from the power supply 2.2 through the first ... t-th resistors Rn1 ... Rnt, respectively, to the inputs of the first ... t-th address loops 1.1 ... 1.t signaling, their first ... te current voltage drops, respectively, U _{send 1tek} ... U _{send t tech} from the first ... t-th outputs of the address loops 1.1 ... 1.t alarms arrive at the signal inputs of the first ... t-th filters 2.1.1 ... 2.1.t of the lower frequencies, from the outputs of which these voltages, free of interference, are supplied respectively to the first ... t-th inputs of the analog multiplexer 2.5, which produces an alternate connection reading the first ... t-th pair of current voltages [+ U _{p 1tek} and U out _{1 tek} ] ... [+ U _{p t out} and U out _{t tech} ], with each of the current cycle of analog and analog-to-digital conversions, Computing, identifying and interpreting the current resistance of the i-th address loop of the alarm is sequentially performed:

- cleaning by the filter 2.1.i of the low frequencies of the current (drop) voltage U _{send tech i} from electromagnetic interference, from interference caused by transient processes when switching alarm relays of detectors, changing the total current resistance of the loop and transmitting this voltage by multiplexer 2.5 through its i-th input to its output and to the signal input of the analog-to-digital converter 2.6, which performs its current sampling and conversion into an n-bit binary code, which is input to the block of 3 calculations and written to the buffer register of the current voltage eniya 1st address signal loop;

- the multiplexer 2.5 disconnects the low-pass filter 2.1.1 output from the input of the analog-to-digital converter 2.6 and connects to it via the (t + 1) th input of the multiplexer 2.5 of the current voltage U _{p i the} current source 2.2 of the power supply of the i-th address loop of the alarm, when This is ensured by equal transmission coefficients of the current voltage drop _{Ush i-tech of the} i-th signal loop of the signaling and the current voltage U _{p i-tech of} power supply 2.2, respectively, from the signal input of low-pass filter 2.1.1 and from the (t + 1) -th input of multiplexer 2.5 to signal input a scarlet-digital converter 2.6, the output of which the digital value of the current voltage U _{n i tech} source 2.2 power enters the unit 3 computer which, taking into account stored in its memory the digital value of the nominal resistance R _{n i} Power i-th address loop signaling calculates total digital current resistance R _{Σ i tech of the} i-th signal loop of the alarm in the current cycle of the device.

Current voltage samples / conversions U _{sl i tech} and U _{p i tech of the} i-th signal loop of the signal in the current device operation cycle should be sufficiently correlated (which is determined by the duration of the samples / conversion time, the time distance between the samples and other known factors) so as not to exceed the current parts of the calculated errors established for them in the fields of the current alarm identification set of the resistance of the address loop of the alarm.

The value of the calculated total digital current resistance R _{Σ i of the} i-th signal loop of the signal in the current cycle of the device goes to the identification and interpretation unit 4, where it is currently identified in the identification set of resistances of the address signal loop using the search in it by the dichotomy method. The identified total digital current resistance R _{Σ i tech of the} i-th address loop of the alarm system in the current cycle of the device is interpreted as the current set of position values of alarm and / or standby zones, preventive or malfunctioning states of the i-address address loop of alarm, after which these values are involved in the current accumulation in each general current cycle of the device with a group of 1 signal loops. In the next current cycle of operation of the device with the (i + 1) -m address signal loop and in subsequent current cycles with subsequent address signal loops, it performs the identical transformations, calculations, current interpretation and current accumulation procedures.

The first complete operation cycle of the device includes t current cycles of transformations, calculations, current interpretation and current address accumulation in the first ... t-th address loops 1.1 ... 1.t of signaling of group 1 loops. For s full cycles of operation of the device, s-fold accumulation of the same interpretation values of each i-th address loop of signaling of group 1 loops is performed, the resulting current positional values of s-fold accumulation from the output of identification and interpretation block 4 are sent to the notification block 5, where alarm states of security zones, a malfunction or the need for prevention of the i-th address loop of the alarm are displayed zone-by-line and daisy-chain LED indicators in the form of their active states and integrated notification, wherein the device is provided effortlessly place a call disconnection light and sound alerting the guard zones (detectors, sensors) that are active in the time period disarmed (not require control).

The device allows to sharply (at times) reduce the unit costs for equipping the facility with fire and burglar alarms, its maintenance, use the most affordable and widely applicable addressless detectors in a multi-loop adaptive address signaling device, which is especially true in the Russian Federation, where more than 90% schools are not equipped with fire alarms because of its high cost.

Claims (4)

1. The adaptive address signaling method, which consists in determining the addresses of the alarm zones of the alarm loop, which contains the relay outputs of the detectors normally connected in standby mode and with the corresponding address resistors and terminal address resistor connected in parallel, having resistances that are individually distinguishable with all kinds of alarm combinations security zones under the action of the whole complex of operational, production factors and errors of pre and computing mations comprising signaling loop powered by the DC voltage source through a resistor R _{n tech} supply; filtering interference in the output voltage of the signal loop signal low-pass filter; sampling the current voltage U _{p tech of the} power supply of the alarm loop and the current voltage U _{sent tech of the} alarm loop after its low-pass filtering, analog-to-digital conversion of the sample with the number of n digits, providing a reliable distinction between turning on or off the minimum resistance of the address resistor of the signal loop against the maximum possible resistance taking into account errors, deviations due to destabilizing factors; calculation of a digital analog of the current resistance R _{Σ current} loop alarm according to the expression

where R _Σtek is the total digital value of the resistance of the current set of address resistors, ohmic resistance of wires and contact connections included in the signal loop, which is an analog of its real current resistance at the beginning of the current signaling cycle, U _{sl tech} - voltage drop in the alarm loop at the current time, U _{p tech} - constant voltage power supply loop signal at the current time, R _{p tech} is the current resistance of the loop power resistor connected in series between the power source and the signal loop, formation of a digital identification model of a real alarm set of signal loop resistance, in which each unique possible combination of alarm addressing resistors corresponding to alarm security zones of the loops is associated with two unique maximum possible operating values of the current loop resistance - upper and lower, having a common current nominal value loop resistance in the form of a sum of nominal resistance values of the current set alarm addressing resistors, terminal resistor and ohmic resistance of the loop, and for the formation of upper and lower values of the current loop resistance, its current nominal resistance value, respectively, increase and decrease by the maximum positive and negative deviations of the resistance of the alarm addressing resistors, terminal resistor and ohmic resistance of the loop due to production and operational factors; take into account deviations from the nominal value of the resistance of the loop power resistor; take into account the errors of analog, discrete and analog-to-digital conversions of the voltage signals of the power source, the loop voltage and the calculation errors of the digital value of the current loop resistance; the formed upper and lower values of the current loop resistance are taken beyond the boundaries of its current alarm field, into which all the current possible working values of the resistances of the considered alarm set of addressable loop resistors with the same nominal basis of its resistance fall; the number of possible current alarm fields of the loop resistance is taken equal to the number of possible combinations of alarm addressing resistors of the signal loop and forming its alarm identification set, provided with physical memory, into / from which the same address values of the resistance of the boundaries of the current alarm fields are stored / read - from the minimum value when the terminal the loop resistor is shorted, the address resistors of the loop detectors are shorted by the contacts of their relays and the detectors are in the alarm melting to the maximum value when all the addressable resistors, as well as the terminal resistor are included in the loop and all its detectors are in an alarm state; the formation of a digital identification model of the real set of faults in the loop, the values of which are located outside the resistance fields of the identification alarm set of the loop; the formation of current groups of adjacent identification fields of the same name, which are an alarm field and a fault field of the identification set of loop resistance, one of which necessarily and uniquely gets the calculated current value R _{Σ of} alarm or fault resistance of the signal loop, and the fact of establishing the identification of the current resistance value is recorded a loop and in case of its alarm state; unambiguously interpret the only possible combination of the sum of the nominal values of the resistance of the alarm address resistors to the addresses of alarm security zones with the alarm states of the detectors and / or terminal resistor, the active states of the stations and other signaling loop equipment in the current identification / interpretation time cycle; upon the establishment of the current identification / interpretation of alarm and malfunctioning states of the resistance of the alarm loop, the address signals of the corresponding alarm notifications are generated, including a short circuit, light alerts and an integrated sound alert, characterized in that adjacent to the boundaries of each current alarm field an alarm identification set is formed him and the internal fields of resistance of prevention of the address loop of the alarm that are included in them, while external sensible boundaries of the current disturbing field is set to coincide with the external limiting boundaries contained in it two internal fields prevention; the internal limits of the internal fields of prevention provided by physical memory are set depending on the destabilizing static and dynamic operating conditions, parameters and errors of the loop, taking into account posterior statistics and the time required for timely preventive maintenance; getting the current sample of the resistance of the alarm loop into one of the prevention fields is interpreted not only in the corresponding current alarm states of the security zones of the alarm address loop, but also in its current prevention state; using the accumulation of the current interpreted values of the alarm zones, preventive conditions and malfunction of the address loop alarm; according to the results of the accumulation, they decide on the alarming state of the security zones, prevention and malfunction of the address signal loop; by dichotomy, a search is made in the physical memory of the identification set for the address of that group of adjacent resistance fields of the same name - an alarm field with two preventive fields and a fault resistance field loop, one of which contains the calculated value of the current resistance of the alarm signal loop, which is considered identified. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that t similar address signal loops with identical power resistors are used, similar procedures for current transformations, calculations, identification, interpretation, accumulation of values of interpreted states of the same guard status are performed over the output voltages of each of t address signal loops zones, preventive conditions and malfunction of the address loop of the alarm, resulting in the current interpretation of the alarm state of the security zones, preventive and faulty states of each address signal loop, while the power supply of t address signal loops, current procedures of analog-to-digital conversion, calculation, identification, interpretation, accumulation and resulting current interpretation are carried out using algorithmic and technical means common for t address signal loops. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that adjacent samples of the current voltages of the same signal loop are produced after a time interval greater than t-times the sum of the maximum possible duration of the transient process in the address loop of the signal, the maximum possible duration of the transient process with low-pass filtering voltage from the output of the address loop of the alarm, the maximum time for conversions, calculations and identification, the interpretation time of the device. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the t address signal loops is used by programming with the right to disable - for burglar alarms, and without the right to disconnect - for fire and alarm systems.